Unit4语法(that引导限定性定语从句)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册新课预习

该初中英语导学案聚焦who引导的限定性定语从句，通过课本原句导入，如“愚公是永不放弃的人”等，搭建从已知到新知的学习支架，帮助学生理解定语从句对名词的修饰限定作用，明确who指代人、作主语的核心用法。 资料以“规则拆解+易错点分析+分层次练习”为特色，三大黄金规则强化语法逻辑，易错点汇总直击高频错误，多样化练习（填空、单选、句型改写、汉译英）结合单元英雄主题，提升语言运用能力，培养分析问题的思维品质，助力学生高效掌握语法知识。

Unit4 Heroes语法讲解与练习 who引导限定性定语从句讲解 课本原句导入 1. Yu Gong is a person who never gives up.愚公是一个永不放弃的人。 2. We admire people who work hard for our country.我们敬佩为国家努力奋斗的人。 一、什么是定语从句（通俗秒懂） 定语从句= 给名词“加修饰、做限定”的长句子 中文：……的（人/物）； 英语：名词+引导词+从句句子 who专门用来修饰、限定人！ 二、who引导限定性定语从句 who 是关系代词，用来指代前面的人，在从句中作主语。 ✅ 固定适用范围：只修饰人（不能修饰物品、地点、时间） ✅ 句子功能：解释说明“什么样的人” 先行词(人) + who +从句谓语/句子 【先行词：被修饰的那个人名/人的名词】 三、完整句式拆解 例句：He is a hero who helps others. 拆分讲解： 1. a hero 先行词（修饰对象：人） 2. who 关系代词，指代 hero（代替人） 3. who在从句中作主语，所以后面直接接谓语动词 helps 翻译：他是一名乐于助人的英雄。 四、who从句三大黄金规则（考试必考） 规则1：who只指代人，绝不指代物 ❌ The book who I like（错误，物品不能用who） ✅ The man who I like（正确） 规则2：who在从句中作主语，从句动词看先行词单复数 who后面的动词单复数 = 跟着前面“人”的单复数走 1. 单数人 + who + 动词三单 He is a boy who works hard. 2. 复数人 + who + 动词原形 They are heroes who work hard. 规则3：who引导的限定性定语从句不加逗号 九上只学限定性定语从句，紧密修饰名词，中间无逗号。 ❌ He is a hero, who helps others.（错） ✅ He is a hero who helps others.（对） 五、精讲示范（单元话题：英雄人物） 1. Yuan Longping is a great scientist who helps farmers. 袁隆平是一位帮助农民的伟大科学家。 2. We respect people who serve our country. 我们尊敬为国奉献的人。 3. Anyone who tries his best is a hero. 任何拼尽全力的人都是英雄。 六、超级易错点汇总 易错1：主谓一致错误（最高频） ❌ She is a girl who study hard. ✅ She is a girl who studies hard.（先行词单数，动词三单） 易错2：从句重复加主语 ❌ The man who he helped me is kind. ✅ The man who helped me is kind. who已经代替了人，从句不能再出现he/she/they 【巩固练习】 一、1-5题用正确的关系代词填空,6-20所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The girl ______ is reading a book under the tree is my sister. 2. I like teachers ______ are patient and kind to students. 3. The man ______ we met in the park is a famous writer. 4. Anyone ______ breaks the rules will be punished. 5. The volunteers ______ help old people are very warm-hearted. 6. Anyone who ________ (follow) the rules is welcome here. 7. They are heroes who ________ (devote) their lives to helping others. 8. My uncle is a doctor who ________ (work) in a big hospital. 9. The boy who ________ (sing) well will take part in the school show. 10. We admire scientists who ________ (make) great progress every day. 11. She is a kind woman who ________ (never give) up when meeting difficulties. 12. The workers who ________ (build) the bridge are very great. 13. Anyone who ________ (try) his best can be a hero in his life. 14. The teacher who ________ (teach) us English is very strict. 15. People who ________ (protect) our home are worthy of respect. 16. The young man who ________ (volunteer) in the community is excellent. 17. These are the students who ________ (win) the competition last week. 18. He is a player who ________ (practise) every day to improve himself. 19. The old man who ________ (live) next door is very friendly. 20. We love people who ________ (bring) warmth to the world. 二、单项选择 1. This is the man ________ helps many poor children. A. which B. who C. what D. where 2. We respect the people ________ hard for our country. A. who work B. who works C. which work D. which works 3. Anyone ________ his best will succeed in the end. A. who try B. who tries C. which try D. which tries 4. The girl ________ is reading books is my best friend. A. who B. which C. where D. what 5. They are heroes ________ never give up in difficult situations. A. which B. who C. whose D. when 6. My father is a worker ________ works in a factory. A. who B. which C. what D. where 7. The teachers ________ kind to students are popular in our school. A. who is B. who are C. which is D. which are 8. I know the boy ________ helped the old man cross the street. A. which B. who C. what D. when 9. People ________ protect the environment are our role models. A. who B. which C. where D. whose 10. This is the scientist ________ has made great achievements. A. who B. which C. what D. when 三、句型改写（讲下面的句子合成限定性定语从句) 1. I know the man. He helps homeless people. I know the man ________ ________ homeless people. 2. The girl is my classmate. She sings very well. The girl ________ ________ very well is my classmate. 3. They are heroes. They work for public safety. They are heroes ________ ________ for public safety. 4. The teacher is very kind. She teaches us maths. The teacher ________ ________ us maths is very kind. 5. I admire the people. They never give up. I admire the people ________ never ________ up. 6. This is the doctor. He saved many lives. This is the doctor ________ ________ many lives. 7. The students are active. They join the volunteer work. The students ________ ________ the volunteer work are active. 8. The man is my uncle. He works in a hospital. The man ________ ________ in a hospital is my uncle. 9. We love the workers. They build our beautiful city. We love the workers ________ ________ our beautiful city. 10. The boy is honest. He helps others in need. The boy ________ ________ others in need is honest. 四、汉译英翻译 要求：必须使用who引导的定语从句，语句通顺、语法正确 1. 他是一个从不放弃的勇敢男孩。 ___________________________________________ 2. 我们敬佩那些为国家奋斗的人。 ___________________________________________ 3. 这是一位乐于助人的善良老师。 ___________________________________________ 4. 所有努力拼搏的人都是生活中的英雄。 ___________________________________________ 5. 我喜欢那些对学生耐心的老师。 ___________________________________________ 6. 这位拯救他人生命的医生非常伟大。 ___________________________________________ 7. 我认识那个帮助老人的年轻人。 ___________________________________________ 8. 那些默默奉献的人值得我们尊重。 ___________________________________________ 9. 她是一个勇于面对困难的女孩。 ___________________________________________ 10. 我们应该向那些勇敢追梦的人学习。 ___________________________________________ Keys （一）单词正确形式填空 答案+解析 1. who解析：先行词是 The girl（人），定语从句中缺少主语，只能用 who。 2. who解析：先行词是 teachers（人），从句缺少主语，用 who 指代老师。 3. who解析：先行词是 The man（人），从句中 met 后缺少宾语,who 可作宾语。 4. who解析：先行词是 Anyone（不定代词，指代人）,从句缺主语,固定用 who。 5. who解析：先行词是 The volunteers（人），从句缺少主语，用 who。 6. follows 解析：先行词anyone单数，谓语三单。 7. devote 解析：先行词heroes复数，动词原形。 8. works 解析：先行词a doctor单数，三单变形。 9. sings 解析：先行词the boy单数，三单变形。 10. make 解析：先行词scientists复数，动词原形。 11. never gives 解析：先行词a kind woman单数，三单变形。 12. build 解析：先行词workers复数，动词原形。 13. tries 解析：先行词anyone单数，三单变形。 14. teaches 解析：先行词the teacher单数，三单变形。 15. protect 解析：先行词people复数，动词原形。 16. volunteers 解析：先行词the young man单数，三单变形。 17. won 解析：last week提示一般过去时。 18. practises 解析：先行词a player单数，三单变形。 19. lives 解析：先行词the old man单数，三单变形。 20. bring 解析：先行词people复数，动词原形。 （二）单项选择 答案+解析 1. B 解析：先行词是人，用who引导限定性定语从句。 2. A 解析：先行词people复数，who后接动词原形work。 3. B 解析：anyone为单数先行词，who后动词用三单tries。 4. A 解析：先行词the girl是人，用who修饰。 5. B 解析：先行词heroes是人，用who引导限定性定语从句。 6. A 解析：先行词a worker是人，固定用who。 7. B 解析：先行词teachers复数，who后be动词用are。 8. B 解析：先行词the boy是人，用who作主语。 9. A 解析：先行词people是人，用who引导限定性定语从句。 10. A 解析：先行词the scientist是人，用who修饰。 （三）句型改写 答案+解析 1. who helps 解析：先行词the man单数，从句谓语三单。 2. who sings 解析：先行词the girl单数，谓语三单。 3. who work 解析：先行词heroes复数，动词原形。 4. who teaches 解析：先行词the teacher单数，三单变形。 5. who; give 解析：先行词people复数，动词原形。 6. who saved 解析：动作已发生，用一般过去时。 7. who join 解析：先行词students复数，动词原形。 8. who works 解析：先行词the man单数，三单变形。 9. who build 解析：先行词workers复数，动词原形。 10. who helps 解析：先行词the boy单数，三单变形。 （四）汉译英 参考答案 1. He is a brave boy who never gives up. 2. We admire the people who fight for our country. 3. This is a kind teacher who is always ready to help others. 4. All the people who work hard are heroes in life. 5. I like the teachers who are patient with students. 6. The doctor who saves others’ lives is very great. 7. I know the young man who helps the old people. 8. The people who devote themselves silently deserve our respect. 9. She is a girl who dares to face difficulties. 10. We should learn from the people who pursue their dreams bravely. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $