英语知识点与语法（知识清单）-2026-2027学年湘鲁版英语三年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统整合了三至四年级核心内容，涵盖模块主题（如交朋友、校园规则等）、单元词汇、核心句型、语法要点及语音知识，搭建了从基础问候到复杂语法（如现在进行时、一般将来时）的递进式学习支架，辅以元音、辅音分类及例词解析。 清单通过模块主题关联与语法分级递进呈现知识体系，如三年级聚焦be动词、祈使句，四年级深化现在进行时、三单等核心语法，体现语言能力培养。音标部分标注字母组合及小学例词（如/iː/对应see、tea），设计“核心语法”重点提示，助力学生构建系统知识网络，提升学习能力，教师可据此精准规划教学，兼顾不同学生学习需求。

第一册：三年级上册（3个模块，9单元） Module 1 Making Friends 交朋友 Unit 1 Nice to meet you! 1. 单词：hello, hi, goodbye, bye, good morning, good afternoon, good evening, name, friend, new, too 2. 核心句型 - What’s your name? My name is... - Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. - Good morning/afternoon/evening. 3. 语法：基础问候用语；人称代词 I / my 用法 Unit 2 Let’s play a game! 1. 单词：one, two, three, four, five, game, play, hand, head, eye, ear 2. 核心句型：Let’s do... 让我们做…… 3. 语法：祈使句 Let’s + 动词原形；1-5基数词 Unit 3 How are you today? 1. 单词：fine, happy, sad, tired, OK, mum, dad, thanks 2. 核心句型 - How are you? I’m fine/happy/sad. 3. 语法：be动词am搭配第一人称I Module 2 Meeting People 认识家人与他人 Unit 4 She is my grandmother. 1. 单词：grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, sister, brother, family 2. 核心句型：Who is she/he? She/He is my... 3. 语法：人称代词 she/he；形容词性物主代词 my Unit 5 He is a cook. 1. 单词：cook, teacher, doctor, driver, farmer, nurse, job 2. 核心句型：What’s he/she’s job? He/She is a... 3. 语法：职业名词单数用法；不定冠词a Unit 6 His hair is short. 1. 单词：his, her, hair, long, short, big, small, mouth, nose 2. 核心句型：His/Her + 身体部位 + be + 形容词 3. 语法：形容词性物主代词 his / her；形容词描述外貌 Module 3 Keeping Healthy 健康运动 Unit 7 Can you swim? 1. 单词：swim, run, jump, sing, dance, skip, can 2. 核心句型：Can you...? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 3. 语法：情态动词can + 动词原形 Unit 8 I like sports. 1. 单词：sport, basketball, football, ping-pong, bike, like 2. 核心句型：I like... 3. 语法：like后接名词，表示喜好 Unit 9 Don’t be late. 1. 单词：late, early, hurry, school, time 2. 核心句型：Don’t + 动词原形（否定祈使句） 3. 语法：肯定/否定祈使句用法 第二册：三年级下册（3模块9单元） Module 1 Daily Life 日常生活 Unit 1 My day 1. 单词：get up, breakfast, go to school, lunch, go home, dinner, go to bed 2. 句型：When do you...? I... at + 时间 3. 语法：时间介词at；一般现在时日常动作 Unit 2 Where is my pen? 1. 单词：in, on, under, beside, behind, between, pen, bag, desk 2. 句型：Where is ...? It’s + 方位介词短语 3. 语法：方位介词用法；单数物品be动词用is Unit 3 Ordering food 1. 单词：rice, bread, noodles, egg, milk, cake, food 2. 句型：Would you like some...? Yes, please. / No, thank you. 3. 语法：some修饰不可数名词；委婉请求句型 Module 2 Food & Hobbies 食物与爱好 Unit 4 What’s your favourite food? 1. 单词：favourite, apple, banana, orange, pear 2. 句型：What’s your favourite food? My favourite food is... 3. 语法：favourite 名词/形容词用法 Unit 5 Can you draw? 1. 单词：draw, write, read, paint, ride, fly 2. 句型：Can you...? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 3. 语法：can综合运用，动词原形搭配 Unit 6 I like reading. 1. 单词：read, book, story, toy, dance, sing 2. 句型：I like + doing（动词ing） 3. 语法：like doing sth. 长期爱好 Module 3 Seasons & Holidays 季节与假期 Unit 7 My favourite season 1. 单词：spring, summer, autumn, winter, season, warm, hot, cool, cold 2. 句型：What’s your favourite season? It’s... 3. 语法：季节名词用法；天气形容词 Unit 8 Season clothes 1. 单词：coat, shirt, skirt, dress, shorts, jacket 2. 句型：I wear... in + 季节 3. 语法：服装名词单复数 Unit 9 Holiday Experience 1. 单词：travel, park, beach, farm, visit, happy 2. 句型：I went to...（入门一般过去时） 3. 语法：go的过去式went 四年级上册（3模块9单元） Module 1 School Rules 校园规则 Unit 1 We should follow the rules. 1. 单词：rule, follow, quiet, shout, run, library, classroom 2. 句型：We should / shouldn’t + 动词原形 3. 语法：情态动词should表建议、规则 Unit 2 Please keep your desk clean. 1. 单词：clean, tidy, rubbish, book, pencil, floor 2. 句型：Please + 动词原形；Don’t... 3. 语法：礼貌祈使句 Unit 3 Don’t be late for school. 1. 单词：on time, hurry, bell, class 2. 句型：Don’t be late for... 3. 语法：late for 固定搭配 Module 2 Ways to Go to School 出行方式 Unit 4 How do you go to school? 1. 单词：bus, car, bike, foot, subway, ship, plane 2. 句型：How do you go to...? I go to... by + 交通工具 / on foot 3. 语法：出行方式介词by；一般现在时出行表达 Unit 5 Where is the crossing? 1. 单词：crossing, street, turn left, turn right, stop 2. 句型：How can I get to...? Turn left/right. 3. 语法：指路句型 Unit 6 How much is the ticket? 1. 单词：ticket, cheap, expensive, yuan 2. 句型：How much is it? It’s... yuan. 3. 语法：价格询问，is/are区分单复数 Module 3 Weather & Activities 天气与活动 Unit 7 What’s the weather like today? 1. 单词：sunny, rainy, cloudy, windy, snowy, weather 2. 句型：What’s the weather like? It’s + 天气形容词 3. 语法：天气句型；形容词用法 Unit 8 What do you want to do? 1. 单词：stay indoors, play outside, read, watch TV 2. 句型：I want to + 动词原形 3. 语法：want to do sth. 想要做某事 Unit 9 What are you doing?（本册核心语法：现在进行时） 1. 单词：do, write, draw, read, watch, run 2. 句型：What are you doing? I am doing... 3. 语法：现在进行时 be + 动词ing；动词ing变化规则 四年级下册（3模块9单元） Module 1 School Life 校园生活 Unit 1 What subjects do you like? 1. 单词：subject, Chinese, Maths, English, PE, Art, Music, Science, lesson 2. 句型：What subjects do you like? I like... 3. 语法：可数名词复数subjects；学科单词首字母大写 Unit 2 She is good at singing and dancing. 1. 单词：sing, dance, write, draw, quickly, poster 2. 句型：be good at + doing sth. 3. 语法：介词at后接动词-ing形式 Unit 3 What club do you want to join? 1. 单词：club, join, because, open day, when, invitation 2. 句型：What club do you want to join? I want to join... 3. 语法：want to do；why/because因果句 Module 2 Classmates & Help 人物性格与互助 Unit 4 She is a helpful girl. 1. 单词：helpful, clever, kind, friendly, active, polite 2. 句型：What’s he/she like? He/She is + 性格形容词 3. 语法：描述人物性格形容词用法 Unit 5 How do you help each other? 1. 单词：each other, homework, blackboard, tidy, wash 2. 句型：I help sb. (to) do sth. 3. 语法：help sb. (to) do 结构（to可省略） Unit 6 May I help you? 1. 单词：open, door, carry, people, weekday, weekend 2. 句型：May I help you? / Let me help you. 3. 语法：情态动词may表委婉请求 Module 3 Summer Plans & Shopping 将来计划与购物（两大核心语法） Unit 7 What are you going to do this summer?（一般将来时 be going to） 1. 单词：summer, visit, travel, beach, farm, plant 2. 句型：What are you going to do? I’m going to + 动词原形 3. 语法：be going to 将来时，人称对应am/is/are Unit 8 How much is it? 1. 单词：gift, cheap, expensive, toy, money 2. 句型：How much is it? / How much are they? 3. 语法：单复数be动词is/are搭配 Unit 9 Does she like toys?（一般现在时第三人称单数） 1. 单词：animal, sheep, cow, horse, eat, grass 2. 句型：Does she/he like...? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. 3.  语法：三单疑问句用Does，后面动词变回原形；sheep单复数同形 英语20个元音音标（分类+字母组合+小学例词） 长元音：/iː/ /ɑː/ /ɔː/ /ɜː/ /uː/ 短元音：/ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ /ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ʊ/ 双元音：/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ 一、单元音（12个） 长元音（5个） 1. /iː/ 字母组合：ee, ea, e 例词：see /siː/, tea /tiː/, she /ʃiː/ 2. /ɑː/ 字母组合：ar, a 例词：car /kɑː/, far /fɑː/, park /pɑːk/ glass /glɑːs/ 3. /ɔː/ 字母组合：or, aw, al 例词：horse /hɔːs/, draw /drɔː/, ball /bɔːl/ 4. /ɜː/ 字母组合：ir, ur, er 例词：bird /bɜːd/, nurse /nɜːs/, girl /ɡɜːl/ 5. /uː/ 字母组合：oo, ue, u 例词：zoo /zuː/, food /fuːd/, blue /bluː/ruler /ru:lə/ 短元音（7个） 1. /ɪ/ 字母组合：i 例词：big /bɪɡ/, sit /sɪt/, milk /mɪlk/ 2. /e/ 字母组合：e, ea 例词：bed /bed/, pen /pen/, bread /bred/ 3. /æ/ 字母组合：a 例词：cat /kæt/, bag /bæɡ/, map /mæp/ 4. /ʌ/ 字母组合：u, o 例词：cup /kʌp/, bus /bʌs/, son /sʌn/ 5. /ɒ/ 字母组合：o 例词：dog /dɒɡ/, box /bɒks/, hot /hɒt/ 6. /ə/（央元音，弱读最常用） 字母组合：a, er, or 例词：about /əˈbaʊt/, teacher /ˈtiːtʃə/, doctor /ˈdɒktə/ 7. /ʊ/ 字母组合：oo, u 例词：book /bʊk/, look /lʊk/, put /pʊt/ 二、双元音（8个，全部由两个音滑动构成） 1. /eɪ/ 字母组合：a, ai, ay 例词：cake /keɪk/, rain /reɪn/, day /deɪ/ 2. /aɪ/ 字母组合：i, y, igh 例词：like /laɪk/, my /maɪ/, night /naɪt/ 3. /ɔɪ/ 字母组合：oi, oy 例词：oil /ɔɪl/, boy /bɔɪ/, toy /tɔɪ/ 4. /aʊ/ 字母组合：ou, ow 例词：house /haʊs/, now /naʊ/, cow /kaʊ/ 5. /əʊ/ 字母组合：o, oa, ow 例词：nose /nəʊz/, boat /bəʊt/, snow /snəʊ/ 6. /ɪə/ 字母组合：ear, eer 例词：ear /ɪə/, beer /bɪə/, near /nɪə/ 7. /eə/ 字母组合：air, are 例词：air /eə/, chair /tʃeə/, care /keə/ 8. /ʊə/ 字母组合：ure, oor 例词：pure /pjʊə/, poor /pʊə/, tour /tʊə/ 辅音总汇总（28个全部音标） /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/ /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /l/ /r/ /w/ /j/ /ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ 按发音方式分为：清辅音，浊辅音，鼻音，舌侧音，半元音 一、爆破辅音（6对，清浊成对，共12个） 清辅音（送气，声带不振动） 1. /p/ pen 钢笔 2. /t/ ten 十 3. /k/ cat 猫 4. /f/ fish 鱼 5. /s/ sun 太阳 6. /θ/ three 三 浊辅音（声带振动） 1. /b/ bag 包 2. /d/ dog 狗 3. /ɡ/ go 去 4. /v/ vest 背心 5. /z/ zoo 动物园 6. /ð/ this 这个 二、摩擦辅音（其余摩擦音，4个） 1. /ʃ/ ship 轮船 2. /ʒ/ television 电视（小学少见） 3. /tʃ/ chair 椅子 4. /dʒ/ job 工作 三、鼻音辅音（3个，气流从鼻子出） 1. /m/ mom 妈妈 2. /n/ nose 鼻子 3. /ŋ/ sing 唱歌 四、舌侧音（1个） /l/ leg 腿 五、齿龈近音（1个） /r/ red 红色 六、半元音（2个，性质介于元音辅音之间） 1. /w/ we 我们 2. /j/ yes 是的 七、双唇塞擦音（2个） 1. /ts/ cats 猫（复数） 2. /dz/ beds 床（复数） 八、其他辅音（2个） 1. /tr/ tree 树 2. /dr/ dress 连衣裙 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $