Unit 8 The world of literature 2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册暑假预习讲义

Unit 8 The world of literature --- 暑假预习讲义 01 课前导学 关键词 内容 学习目标 1. 能够正确使用if引导条件状语从句。 2. 能够正确使用unless引导条件状语从句。 3. 能够掌握本单元核心词汇（classic, literature, masterpiece, act, scene, script, writer, poet, playwright, novel等）。 4. 能够了解不同文学体裁并描述自己喜爱的文学作品。 学习重点 1. if引导条件状语从句的结构和用法（主将从现）。 2. unless引导条件状语从句的用法（=if...not）。 3. 条件状语从句的位置与标点。 4. 描述文学作品和作家的表达。 学习难点 1. if条件句中主句和从句的时态搭配（主将从现）。 2. unless与if...not的转换。 3. unless引导的从句中不使用否定形式（因为本身已含否定意义）。 4. 文学作品体裁的区分（诗歌、小说、短篇小说、戏剧）。 02 核心词汇预览 1. classic adj. 最优秀的；典型的；典雅的 2. literature n. 文学 3. masterpiece n. 杰作 4. act n. （戏剧等）一幕；行为；表演 5. scene n. （戏剧或电影的）一场，场面，片段 6. script n. 剧本；脚本 7. writer n. 作者，作家 8. poet n. 诗人 9. playwright n. 剧作家 10. novelist n. 小说家 11. short story n. 短篇小说 12. novel n. 小说 13. poetry n. 诗歌 14. poem n. 诗 15. prose n. 散文 16. drama n. 戏剧 17. character n. 人物，角色；文字 18. plot n. 故事情节 19. ending n. 结局 20. image n. 意象；图像 21. writing n. 著作，作品 22. lasting adj. 持久的 23. widely adv. 普遍地，广泛地 24. unable adj. 未能，无法 25. enemy n. 敌人 26. throne n. 宝座；王位 27. mirror n. 镜子 28. knock n. 敲门声，敲击声 29. doorbell n. 门铃 30. bedside n. 床边 31. branch n. 树枝 32. anger n. 愤怒，怒气 33. apartment n. 公寓套房 34. fool n. 傻瓜 35. fair n. 展销会；集市 03 核心短语预览 1. take one's time 从容不迫，慢慢来 2. make sense 有意义，讲得通 3. have (...) to do with 与……有关 4. run out of 用完，耗尽 5. show up 出现，露面 6. hurry up 赶快，急忙（做某事） 7. hear of 听说 8. be based on 以……为基础 9. be set in 以……为背景 10. tell the story of 讲述……的故事 11. be about 关于 12. in the end 最后，终于 13. at first 起初 14. again and again 再三地，反复地 15. think about 考虑，思考 16. come to mind 浮现在脑海中 17. in one's memory 在某人的记忆中 18. be full of 充满 19. throughout one's life 在某人的一生中 20. date back to 追溯到 04 重点句型预览 1. Literature is the textbook of human life. 文学是人类生活的教科书。 2. I like short stories best because I can read them even when I'm busy. 我最喜欢短篇小说，因为我即使在忙碌的时候也能读。 3. Poems often have lovely language. 诗歌通常有优美的语言。 4. Sometimes I can't understand them unless I read them again and again. 有时候我无法理解它们，除非我反复阅读。 5. It's often hard to understand a poem at first, but if you take your time, you'll find the beauty in it. 一首诗起初常常很难理解，但如果你慢慢来，你会发现其中的美。 6. "She has a very small chance," the doctor said to Sue. "她的机会非常渺茫，"医生对苏说。 7. "If people don't want to live, I can't do much for them." "如果人们不想活下去，我帮不了他们太多。" 8. "When the last leaf falls, I must go too." "当最后一片叶子落下时，我也必须走了。" 9. "I never heard of such a thing," said Sue. There was anger in her voice. "我从未听说过这样的事，"苏说。她的声音里带着愤怒。 10. "It doesn't make any sense. What does an old tree have to do with you？" "这毫无道理。一棵老树和你有什么关系？" 11. He had always talked of painting a masterpiece, but he had yet to start it. 他总是说要画一幅杰作，但还没有开始。 12. Didn't you ever wonder why it never moved when the wind was blowing？ 难道你从未想过为什么刮风时它从未动过吗？ 13. If you like short stories, you will love O. Henry, who wrote over 600 short stories in his life. 如果你喜欢短篇小说，你会爱上欧·亨利，他一生写了600多篇短篇小说。 14. If you want to read a story with a surprise ending, you should try an O. Henry story. 如果你想读一个结局出人意料的故事，你应该试试欧·亨利的作品。 15. If you need to find his books, you can ask the librarian where they are. 如果你需要找他的书，你可以问图书管理员它们在哪里。 16. Sometimes it can be hard to fully enjoy good literature unless you read it carefully. 有时候，除非你仔细阅读，否则很难完全欣赏好的文学作品。 17. Unless you read a poem again and again, you may not understand the true meaning of it. 除非你反复阅读一首诗，否则你可能无法理解它的真正含义。 18. You won't know what happens unless you read to the end of the story. 除非你读到故事的结尾，否则你不会知道发生了什么。 19. Unless you love science fiction, you won't like this book. 除非你喜欢科幻小说，否则你不会喜欢这本书。 20. Unless we run out of time, we will all get to read our stories out loud at the end of the class. 除非我们时间不够，否则我们都会在课堂结束时大声朗读我们的故事。 21. The class will start at 10 a.m. unless the teacher changes the start time. 除非老师更改时间，否则课将在上午10点开始。 22. We could go tomorrow morning unless you already have plans. 除非你已经有计划，否则我们可以明天早上去。 05 语法精讲与考点梳理 考点1：if引导的条件状语从句 【定义】条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。if意思是"如果，假如"，用来引导条件状语从句。 【结构公式】 If + 陈述句（条件状语从句），主句. 【用法分类】 用法一：主将从现 在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时（will do），从句用一般现在时（do/does）表示将来。 例句：If you like short stories, you will love O. Henry. 例句：If you want to read a story with a surprise ending, you should try an O. Henry story. 用法二：主句含情态动词 主句中可以含有情态动词（can, may, should, must等）。 例句：If you need to find his books, you can ask the librarian where they are. 例句：If you don't put in time and energy, it will be difficult to see progress. 用法三：主句为祈使句 主句可以是祈使句，表示建议或劝告。 例句：If you don't know how to start your story, ask someone for help. 【要点详解】 if引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。 从句在前时，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。 在if条件句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来（即"主将从现"原则）。 if不能与then（那么）连用，因为then不是连词。 【练习1】If you ______ (want) to be a writer, you ______ (read) widely and often. 【答案】want; will read 【详解】句意：如果你想成为一名作家，你应该广泛而经常地阅读。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will read，从句用一般现在时want。故填want; will read。 【练习2】If you ______ (not put in) time and energy, it ______ (be) difficult to see progress. 【答案】don't put in; will be 【详解】句意：如果你不投入时间和精力，就很难看到进展。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时will be，从句用一般现在时don't put in。故填don't put in; will be。 考点2：unless引导的条件状语从句 【定义】unless引导条件状语从句，意思是"除非，如果不"，相当于if...not。 【结构公式】 Unless + 陈述句（条件状语从句），主句. 【用法分类】 用法一：unless表示"除非" 例句：Sometimes it can be hard to fully enjoy good literature unless you read it carefully. 例句：Unless you read a poem again and again, you may not understand the true meaning of it. 用法二：unless相当于if...not （1）两者可以互换使用。 （2）unless语气更强，含有"除了这种情况之外"的意味。 例句：You won't know what happens unless you read to the end of the story. = You won't know what happens if you don't read to the end of the story. 例句：Unless you love science fiction, you won't like this book. = If you don't love science fiction, you won't like this book. 【要点详解】 unless本身已含否定意义（=if...not），从句中不再使用否定形式。 例如：Unless you don't work hard, you will fail.（×） Unless you work hard, you will fail.（√） unless引导的从句也可以用一般现在时表示将来。 【练习1】You won't know what happens ______ you read to the end of the story. A. if B. unless C. because D. so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非你读到故事的结尾，否则你不会知道发生了什么。表示"除非"用unless。故选B。 【练习2】用if...not改写下列句子。 （1）Unless you try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy it. （2）Unless you take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully. 【答案】 （1）If you don't try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy it. （2）If you don't take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully. 考点3：if与unless的互换 【定义】unless本质上就是if...not的缩略形式，两者可以互换。 【用法对比】 if...not（如果……不……） 例句：If you don't try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form. 例句：If you don't put in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry. unless（除非……否则……） 例句：Unless you try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form. 例句：Unless you put in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry. 【要点详解】 if...not和unless互换时，要确保语义不变。 如果把if...not改为unless，需要去掉not，并在从句前加上unless。 反过来，如果把unless改为if...not，需要把unless改成if，并在从句谓语动词前加not。 【练习1】将下列句子改为同义句。 （1）If you don't try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form. → ______ you ______ reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form. （2）Unless you love science fiction, you won't like this book. → ______ you ______ love science fiction, you won't like this book. 【答案】（1）Unless; try （2）If; don't 考点4：条件状语从句的位置与标点 【定义】条件状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，位置不同，标点使用不同。 【用法对比】 从句在前：从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。 例句：If you like short stories, you will love O. Henry. 例句：Unless you read a poem again and again, you may not understand the true meaning of it. 从句在后：从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开。 例句：You will love O. Henry if you like short stories. 例句：You may not understand the true meaning of it unless you read a poem again and again. 【练习1】在下列句子的空格处判断是否需要逗号。 （1）If you like short stories ______ you will love O. Henry. （2）You will love O. Henry ______ if you like short stories. （3）Unless we run out of time ______ we will all get to read our stories out loud. （4）The class will start at 10 a.m. ______ unless the teacher changes the start time. 【答案】 (1) If you like short stories , you will love O. Henry. (2) You will love O. Henry (无逗号) if you like short stories. (3) Unless we run out of time , we will all get to read our stories out loud. (4) The class will start at 10 a.m. (无逗号) unless the teacher changes the start time. 考点5：条件状语从句的时态规则（主将从现） 【定义】在if和unless引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时或含有情态动词的结构。 【结构公式】 （1）If从句（一般现在时），主句（一般将来时will do）。 （2）Unless从句（一般现在时），主句（一般将来时will do）。 用法一：主句用一般将来时（will） 例句：If you want to be a writer, you will read widely and often. 例句：Unless you put in time and energy, it will be difficult to see progress. 用法二：主句含情态动词（can, may, should等） 例句：If you need to find his books, you can ask the librarian. 例句：Unless you finish writing your story, the teacher won't read it. 用法三：主句为祈使句 例句：If you don't know how to start your story, ask someone for help. 【要点详解】 在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来动作，这就是"主将从现"原则。 主句除了用will，还可以用won't, can, may, should等。 【练习1】You ______ (improve) your writing skills over time if you ______ (write) every day. 【答案】will improve; write 【详解】句意：如果你每天写作，随着时间的推移你会提高你的写作技巧。主句用一般将来时will improve，从句用一般现在时write。故填will improve; write。 06 重点归纳 一、if引导的条件状语从句 （1）表示"如果……"。 （2）遵循"主将从现"原则。 （3）从句可放句首（加逗号）或句尾（不加逗号）。 二、unless引导的条件状语从句 （1）表示"除非……，如果不……"。 （2）相当于if...not。 （3）从句中不使用否定形式（本身已含否定意义）。 （4）遵循"主将从现"原则。 三、if...not与unless的互换 （1）if...not = unless （2）互换时要相应调整句式。 四、主将从现原则 （1）主句：一般将来时（will do）/情态动词+动词原形/祈使句。 （2）从句：一般现在时（do/does）。 07 过关检测 一、单项选择（共12题） 1. If you ______ short stories, you will love O. Henry. A. like B. likes C. will like D. liked 2. If you want to read a story with a surprise ending, you ______ try an O. Henry story. A. will B. should C. would D. have 3. If you need to find his books, you ______ ask the librarian. A. will B. would C. can D. have 4. Unless you read a poem again and again, you ______ understand the true meaning of it. A. will B. will not C. may D. can 5. You won't know what happens ______ you read to the end of the story. A. if B. unless C. because D. so 6. Unless you love science fiction, you ______ like this book. A. will B. won't C. may D. can 7. If you ______ reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy it. A. don't try B. won't try C. didn't try D. not try 8. The class will start at 10 a.m. unless the teacher ______ the start time. A. change B. changes C. will change D. changed 9. If you ______ time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry. A. don't put in B. won't put in C. didn't put in D. not put in 10. You ______ know whether you can write a poem if you don't try. A. will never B. never will C. won't never D. not will 11. Unless we ______ out of time, we will read our stories aloud. A. run B. runs C. will run D. ran 12. ______ you are interested in writing, you will not like the class. A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Although 二、用if或unless填空（共6题） 1. ______ you like short stories, you will love O. Henry. 2. You won't understand the poem ______ you read it again and again. 3. ______ you don't try, you will never know whether you can write a poem. 4. ______ you finish your story, the teacher won't read it. 5. We could go tomorrow morning ______ you already have plans. 6. ______ we arrive early, there may not be many books left. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空（共6题） 1. If you ______ (want) to be a writer, you ______ (read) widely and often. 2. You ______ (improve) your writing skills if you ______ (write) every day. 3. If you ______ (not put in) time and energy, it ______ (be) difficult to see progress. 4. You ______ (ask) someone for help if you ______ (not know) how to start your story. 5. Unless you ______ (finish) your story, the teacher ______ (not read) it. 6. If you ______ (not want) your readers to get bored, you ______ (include) action in your story. 四、将下列句子改为同义句（用if...not或unless改写）（共4题） 1. If you don't try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy it. → ______ you ______ reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy it. 2. Unless you take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully. → ______ you ______ take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully. 3. Unless you love science fiction, you won't like this book. → ______ you ______ love science fiction, you won't like this book. 4. If you don't put in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry. → ______ you ______ in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry. 五、完成句子（共5题） 1. 如果你喜欢短篇小说，你会爱上欧·亨利。 ______ you ______ short stories, you ______ love O. Henry. 2. 除非你反复阅读，否则你可能无法理解它的真正含义。 ______ you read it ______ ______ ______, you ______ not understand the true ______ of it. 3. 除非你读完故事，否则你不会知道发生了什么。 You ______ know what ______ unless you ______ to the ______ of the story. 4. 如果你不投入时间和精力，就很难看到进展。 If you ______ ______ in time and energy, it ______ be difficult to see ______. 5. 如果你不知道如何开始你的故事，你可以向别人求助。 If you ______ know how to ______ your story, you can ______ someone for ______. 六、将下列句子翻译成英文（共3题） 1. 文学是人类生活的教科书。 2. 一首诗起初常常很难理解，但如果你慢慢来，你会发现其中的美。 3. 难道你从未想过为什么刮风时它从未动过吗？ 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. A（if条件从句用一般现在时，主语为you，用like） 2. B（主句用should表示建议） 3. C（主句用can表示"可以"） 4. B（unless引导的从句，主句用否定will not） 5. B（unless表示"除非"） 6. B（unless引导的从句，主句用否定won't） 7. A（if条件从句用一般现在时否定，don't try） 8. B（unless引导的从句用一般现在时，主语为单数，用changes） 9. A（if条件从句用一般现在时否定，don't put in） 10. A（will never表示"永远不会"） 11. A（unless引导的从句用一般现在时，主语为we，用run） 12. B（Unless表示"除非"，此处意为"除非你对写作感兴趣，否则你不会喜欢这门课"） 二、用if或unless填空 1. If（表示"如果"） 2. unless（表示"除非"） 3. If（if...not结构） 4. Unless（表示"除非"） 5. unless（表示"除非"） 6. Unless（表示"除非"） 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. want; will read（主将从现） 2. will improve; write（主将从现） 3. don't put in; will be（主将从现） 4. can ask; don't know（主将从现，主句含情态动词） 5. finish; will not read（unless引导的条件句，主将从现） 6. don't want; should include（主将从现，主句含情态动词） 四、将下列句子改为同义句 1. Unless; try 2. If; don't 3. If; don't 4. Unless; put 五、完成句子 1. If; like; will 2. Unless; again and again; may; meaning 3. won't; happens; read; end 4. don't put; will; progress 5. don't; start; ask; help 六、将下列句子翻译成英文 1. Literature is the textbook of human life. 2. It's often hard to understand a poem at first, but if you take your time, you'll find the beauty in it. 3. Didn't you ever wonder why it never moved when the wind was blowing？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $