精品解析：山东滨州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题

高二英语试题 2026.7 本试卷分选择题、非选择题两部分，共12页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效， 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上. 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳送项，听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the speakers want to go? A. To the visitor center. B. To the train station. C. To their hotel 2. What will the woman do next? A. Clean her room. B. Take a shower. C. Wash her hair. 3. Who is the woman? A. A librarian. B. A bus driver. C. A ticket seller. 4. Why did the man make the cake? A. To please his mother. B. To finish a school task C. To celebrate his birthday. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Tips for better health. B. Ways to build friendship. C. The secret to a good marriage. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间，每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题. 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In a bookshop. C. At the woman's home. 7. Why did Roger quit his job? A. He found a better one. B. He was in poor health. C. He didn't like it anymore. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How many bedrooms does the woman need? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six 9. What does the woman think of the house? A. It's structurally sound. B. It's old in appearance. C. It's of historic significance. 10. What's the advantage of the kitchen? A. Good views. B. Enough sunlight. C. Big windows. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man's current issue? A. Sleep loss. B. Body injuries. C. Game addiction. 12. How long has the man had the issue? A. For less than a year. B. For two years. C. For over three years. 13. What does the man plan to do next? A. Limit his screen time. B. Drink less coffee. C. Eat healthier food. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the relationship between Rob and Matt? A. Co-workers. B. Brother and sister. C. Friends. 15. How old is Rob? A. 20. B. 25. C. 30. 16. Why is Matt in low spirits? A. He lost his job. B. He is away from home. C. He dropped out of college 17. What does Jenny advise Rob to do? A. Leave Matt alone. B. Cheer his friend up. C. Avoid negative people. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题. 18. Where did the speaker probably grow up? A. In Berlin. B. In Stockholm. C. In Paris. 19. Which building marks the eastern end of the South Bank? A. Blackfriars Bridge. B. Westminster Bridge C. London Eye. 20. What does the speaker most enjoy doing at the South Bank? A. Visiting the Tate Modern. B. Attending a Shakespeare play. C. Taking a boat trip along the river. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUR SCENIC JOURNEY Blending visits to remote islands with scenic cruising, the Scenic Isles of Scotland sailing offers an escape to the wilder, more dramatic corners of the UK. You’ll be within easy reach of spectacularly remote scenery. WHAT’S INCLUDED MONEY-BACK SATISFACTION GUARANTEE++ Fred. Olsen are so confident you’ll love cruising with them, if within 48 hours of boarding you feel it isn’t right for you, they’ll fly you home from the next available port at their expense, and your cruise fare will be refunded in full. SCENIC ISLES OF SCOTLAND 8 NIGHTS ON BOARD BOREALIS DEPARTING 19th JULY 2026 ·No-fly adults-only cruising on board Borealis Including++: —INCLUDED DRINKS with lunch & dinner, including house beer, wine and draught soft drinks —INCLUDED Tips —OCEANS MEMBERS SAVE up to 5%± —On board currency is pound —All meals included, including afternoon tea & five course à la carte dinners —Free shuttle service (for ports over one mile from the ship) ·PLUS, book an Ocean View or above by 8pm 31st May 2026 to receive a FREE Duo of Wine Gift+ 15% OFF TRAVEL INSURANCE — Please call for more information SAVE EVERY TIME YOU BOOK- EARN EXCLUSIVE CRUISE MILES® — worth £££s towards your next cruise with ROL Cruise++ YOUR EXCLUSIVE ROL CRUISE SALE FARES Inside from £1,359pp Ocean View from £1,699pp Terrace from £ 2,699pp Suite from £3,029pp Solo Cabins are available from £ 2,569 ONLY A DEPOSIT TO SECURE YOUR CABIN 1. Which of the following is the departure port? A. Lerwick. B. Loch Hourn. C. Liverpool D. Dutchman’s Cap. 2. When can passengers get their payment back? A. Before paying the cruise fare. B. After reaching the final destination port. C. Over three days after getting on the ship. D. Within two days after boarding the cruise. 3. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To describe the history of Scottish islands. B. To compare different cruise lines in the UK. C. To advertise a scenic cruise around Scotland. D. To explain how to book a cruise around England. B When I was a little girl, I never won any awards at school—not a single one. I attended an academically competitive school where intelligence was highly valued. While I was not a bad student, I was never considered outstanding enough to receive any recognition. Those were the days before it became fashionable to praise children for every little effort. At that time, my parents often received feedback from teachers that I was not living up to my full potential. Such constant criticism chipped away at my self-esteem and deeply hurt my confidence, but it did not break me. Instead, it ignited a strong desire to prove everyone wrong, a fire of determination that would drive me for years to come. During my college years, I developed a deep interest in psychology and educational theories. I wanted to understand how to support and encourage children in a way that I had never felt supported myself. Later, I decided to pursue a doctorate in psychology, a goal that the director of studies at my college would have never predicted. I failed to get into my desired graduate program not once, but twice, and it was not until my third attempt that I succeeded. Had it not been for my previous frustrating experiences, I would never have had the willpower to keep trying until the final success. Today, it is common for parents and teachers to shelter children from criticism and failure, always telling them they are doing a good job to protect their confidence. But as I learned from my own experience, motivation and drive do not come from a life of constant praise and easy success. Experts argue that proper frustration and occasional failure are necessary for growth; some frustration can lead to a feeling of wanting to do better next time and generate the non-destructive aggression that pushes us to try harder and do better. 4. What was the author’s childhood education like? A. Inspiring. B. Caring. C. Demanding. D. Dominating. 5. What was the author’s response to her teachers’ feedback? A. She broke down and quit. B. She got annoyed but forgave. C. She shrugged it off and forgot. D. She got hurt but still survived. 6. Why is the author’s doctoral journey mentioned? A. To criticize the previous educational pattern. B. To motivate others to be as persistent as she. C. To demonstrate the power of chasing dreams. D. To imply the value of experiencing frustration. 7. What message does the text convey? A. Well-timed praise lifts the spirits. B. A man without confidence can’t stand. C. A smooth sea never makes a skilled sailor. D. Doubt kills more dreams than failure does. C During World War II, people on some Pacific islands saw Allied airplanes land carrying food and tools called “cargo”. After the war ended and the planes stopped coming, some islanders created practices to try to bring them back. They built fake runways out of dirt, made wooden control towers, and wore coconut headphones, copying what soldiers did. They believed that if they copied these actions, the cargo planes would return. But the planes never came. In 1974, physicist Richard Feynman used this story to describe a problem in science, calling it “cargo cult science”. According to Feynman, cargo cult science refers to practices that follow all the outward appearances and rigorous forms of scientific investigation — such as using precise statistics, writing formatted papers, and conducting experiments — but lack the essential core of scientific integrity. This missing core is a specific type of absolute honesty: a willingness to actively prove oneself wrong, publish failed results, and expose every potential flaw in one’s own theory. Without this deep intellectual honesty, all the complex technical machinery of research is just a meaningless performance, unable to produce true discovery. Today, education experts say many students show a similar pattern, called “cargo cult learning”. Students may spend long bours highlighting books, working in stylish coffee shops, and using apps to track study time. They copy the visible habits of good students, creating the feeling of hard work. But these surface actions often hide weak real thinking. Simply making neat notes or doing many practice problems without deep thinking or learning from mistakes leads to little progress. They often feel productive, but the learning is shallow and quickly forgotten over time. The main lesson is that success does not come from copying the outside forms of work True learning needs real understanding, which includes facing confusion, questioning ideas, and seeking clear understanding instead of only appearance. Real growth requires embracing difficulty, learning from errors, and focusing on understanding rather than performance or appearance itself fully. 8. Why did the islanders imitate what Allied soldiers had done? A. They attempted to attract more tourists. B. They wanted to resolve a scientific problem. C. They tried to drive away foreign Allied soldiers. D. They expected cargo planes to return with supplies. 9. What does the underlined word “rigorous” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Strict. B. Casual. C. Simple D. Flexible 10. Which of the following shows “cargo cult learning”? A. Digesting knowledge after practice B. Spending much time on fancy notes. C. Thinking deeply while doing exercises. D. Learning lessons from previous mistakes. 11. What might be the best title of the text? A. Growth and True Learning B. Cargo Cult Science and Fake Effort C. The Great Physicist Feynman’s Theory D. The Follow-up Effect of World War II D Humans’ ongoing expansion into. natural environments might be triggering the evolution of a new household pet, one that’s increasingly comfortable in the urban spaces we create. Researchers from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) noticed anatomical (解剖学的) changes in racoons and wondered whether these little trash pandas are actually undergoing a domestication process simply by spending so much time around us. The research showed a clear difference between racoons avoiding human environments and those thriving in urban areas. Like dogs, urban racoons displayed shorter snouts, likely because tamer individuals are better tolerated by humans and more successful in cities. What draws them closer to our habitats in the first place, however, is our abundant and easily accessible garbage. The research team notes in their study that many people think of domestication as a purely human-driven, “unnatural” process. But animals can also adapt to human environments on their own by seeking abundant resources and safety from predators. Over time, these conditions can lead to features associated with domestication even without direct human involvement. To thrive in this new environment, animals benefit from adapting to harmonize with humans, appearing tamer and less fearful. The researchers argue that these early stages of domestication are driven entirely by natural selection. Their observations align with the Neural Crest Domestication Syndrome (NCDS) hypothesis, which suggests that animals undergoing domestication show similar anatomical changes that begin early in embryonic(胚胎) development. These shifts often appear as smaller skulls, floppy ears, pigmentation changes, and curly tails. What’s more, their study will be repeated with other urban mammals, such as armadillos and opossums, to test whether similar domestication patterns appear across species Still, their findings on racoons highlight how humans’ presence alone can act as a driver of evolution, and who knows, may eventually bring us a brand-new pet. Raffaela Lesch, assistant professor of biology at the UALR said, “It would be fitting and funny if our next domestic species were racoons. I feel like it would be funny if we called the domestic version of the raccoon the trash panda.” 12. Whet does the underlined phrase “trash pandas” refer to? A. Rural dogs. B. Urben racoons. C. Household pets. D. Domestic Pandas. 13. What mainly attracts racoons to human homes? A. Plenty of easy-to-get garbage. B. Protection from wild predators. C. Sale shelters provided by people. D. Friendly treatment from humans. 14. What pushes the early period of domestication according to researchers? A. Climate changes. B. Natural selection. C. Human training programmes. D. Embryo medical treatment. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Racoons are likely to be kept as pets in the future. B. Scientists have domesticated wild racoons successfully. C. Mammals’ domestication patterns are exactly the same. D. Opossums and armadillos show obvious domestication changes. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) large language models (LLMs) are becoming more human-like by design. Do LLMs have personality? ___16___ “Vast quantities of human-generated training data enable LLMs to mimic human characteristics in their outputs and exhibit a form of synthetic (合成的) personality,” said the authors of a new study in Nature Machine Intelligence. The more personable a chatbot is, the more potential for connections and influence on humans. The upside is that the user experience may be more engaging. The downside is that the persuasiveness may not necessarily be a positive influence. ___17___ “As LLMs increasingly power conversational agents used by the general public worldwide, the synthetic personality traits inserted in these models by training on large quantities of human data are becoming increasingly important to evaluate,” the authors wrote. ___18___ According to a 2025 YouGov Survey of 1,132 Americans aged 18 and older, 56% of American adults used AI tools, higher than that in previous years. ___19___ According to the 2025 Pew Research Center Survey of 1,458 American teens, 68% between the ages of 15-17 years old and 57% of 13-to 14-year-old teens reported using AI chatbots, and three-in-ten teens interact with AI chatbots daily. The most used chatbot among teens is ChatGPT (59%), followed by Gemini (23%), Meta AI (20%), Copilot (14%), Character AI (9%), and Claude (3%). “So far, validated psychometric methods for human personality measurement have not been applied to LLMs end-to-end. ___20___ However, scientists still need to formally check whether the results are actually reliable and meaningful when used on LLMs.” the researchers wrote. A. Yet this question divides scientists. B. The answer lies in their human training data. C. This growing importance is seen in rising AI usage. D. In short, LLMs’ personality is a double-edged sword. E. The youths use AI chatbots widely, with clear preferences. F. Actually, past studies have tried measuring personality in LLMs. G. Researchers have concluded that these methods are unsuitable for LLMs. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Henderson was widely regarded as the most bad-tempered man on Willow Street. He lived in a house with a high wooden fence and a lawn so ____21____ mowed (修剪) that it looked like a green carpet. He ____22____ a ten-year-old boy named Sam frequently peering through the gaps in his fence. The boy was clearly ____23____ by Mr. Henderson’s prize-winning roses. “Move along, kid! This isn’t a park!” Mr. Henderson ____24____ one afternoon. But Sam didn’t ____25____. Instead, he pointed to a particularly vibrant red rose and asked softly, “How do you make them grow so straight?” Caught off guard by the boy’s genuine ____26____, the old man found himself explaining the importance of pruning (剪枝) and soil quality. What began as a few grumbled words through a fence evolved into a daily afternoon ____27____. Mr. Henderson began to look forward to Sam’s questions, and Sam began to look forward to the old man’s stories. The ____28____ went far beyond the flowerbeds. Mr. Henderson began to smile at ____29____, and Sam started spending less time on his tablet and more time with his hands in the dirt. Together, they decided to tackle a nearby ____30____ lot (小块土地) that had been a local eyesore for years. They ____31____ the trash and planted a mixture of sunflowers, tomatoes, and marigolds. Eventually, the lot had become a vibrant community ____32____. Neighbors who had previously ____33____ Mr. Henderson’s house now stopped by to offer ____34____ or help with the weeding. The “bad-tempered man” was now the heart of the street. He ____35____ that while he had taught Sam how to grow roses, Sam had taught him how to live again. 21. A. randomly B. regularly C. perfectly D. automatically 22. A. anticipated B. heard C. prevented D. noticed 23. A. confused B. astonished C. touched D. fascinated 24. A. whispered B. sighed C. barked D. commented 25. A. turn around B. run away C. give in D. check out 26. A. curiosity B. thought C. passion D. response 27. A. debate B. workout C. routine D. discussion 28. A. procedure B. transformation C. progress D. guidance 29. A. neighbors B. friends C. strangers D. passers-by 30. A. naked B. abandoned C. productive D. neat 31. A. stacked B. threw C. cleared D. recycled 32. A. garden B. field C. playground D. backyard 33. A. avoided B. ignored C. supported D. investigated 34. A. books B. seeds C. money D. food 35. A. wondered B. doubted C. ensured D. realized 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From February 21st to 25th, the National Excellent Folk Art Program Exhibition of 2024 Huji Shuhui, organized by the Chinese Quyi Artists Association, Shandong Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and other units, ____36____ (hold) in Huimin County, Shandong Province, known as the “hometown of Chinese Quyi”. It presented the audience ____37____ a wonderful cultural feast. It’s reported that 16 excellent programs were selected from nearly 200 programs ____38____ (submit) by 20 provinces and autonomous regions across the country for this exhibition. This means the selection process was ____39____ (competitive) than many other similar cultural events. During the event, over 400 folk artists from 20-odd provinces and cities throughout the country performed onstage and showcased their talents. The audience was treated to a ____40____ (diverse) of local art performances, including Shandong Clapper Ballad, Yancheng Flower Drum, etc. These performances feature singing, dancing, and instrumental music, ____41____ (provide) the audience with a rich opera banquet that meets their desire ____42____ (experience) traditional Chinese opera. The Huji Shuhui originated in the Song and Yuan dynasties, ____43____ continued to thrive during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It has been passed down to the present day, with ____44____ history of over 800 years. Every year on the ____45____ (twelve) day of the first lunar month, it holds a gathering in Huji Town, which is known as a “living fossil” in China’s Quyi Circles. 第四部分 写作［共两节，清分40分） 第一节（清分15分） 46. 暑假将至，学校鼓励学生平衡学习与课余生活，积极参与健身、旅游、志愿服务等实践活动，请你结合自身安排，写一份暑假计划，投稿至校英文报。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 My Plan for Summer Holiday ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（滴分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The evening breeze carried the appetizing smell of grilled meat as David and his classmates crowded around a street stand. Laughter and chatter filled the air. David was so delighted, enjoying both the delicious food and the company of his closest friends. Suddenly, a female cleaner stepped toward the stand, her face lined with exhaustion. After placing an order, she was scanning for a seat when she noticed David’s group. Almost instantly, her expression changed. Instead of taking a seat, she whispered to the stand owner, “I’ll take it away, please.” The stand owner, a kind-faced man, pointed to an empty table “Please, sit down and eat here. You’ve worked hard all day. Take a rest. ” But the woman shook her head firmly, her eyes avoiding his gaze “No, no. Just pack it for me. I’m in a hurry. ” “Come on,” the owner insisted warmly. “Stay and enjoy your meal.” David overheard the conversation and turned his head, only to find that the cleaner was just his mother. His heart leaped, and without thinking, he jumped up from his seat and called out, “Mom! It’s you!” His mother froze. Her face turned pale, then red. She looked at David, and his well-dressed classmates, who were now staring at her with curiosity. Panic took hold of her. She quickly looked away, pretending not to know him. She grabbed the takeout bag from the owner and muttered, “Sorry, you’ve got the wrong person,” before turning around to run away into the night. David seized his mother by the hand and asked in confusion, “Mom, why are you in such a hurry to leave?” His mother lowered her head, her eyes reddening, and said, “Son, I’m afraid of embarrassing you. If your classmates find out you’re the son of a cleaner…” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 David held her hand more tightly and replied firmly, “Mom, I don’t care.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Feeling the respect and warmth from these teenagers, his mom let go of her worries. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语试题 2026.7 本试卷分选择题、非选择题两部分，共12页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效， 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上. 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳送项，听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the speakers want to go? A. To the visitor center. B. To the train station. C. To their hotel 2. What will the woman do next? A. Clean her room. B. Take a shower. C. Wash her hair. 3. Who is the woman? A. A librarian. B. A bus driver. C. A ticket seller. 4. Why did the man make the cake? A. To please his mother. B. To finish a school task C. To celebrate his birthday. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Tips for better health. B. Ways to build friendship. C. The secret to a good marriage. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间，每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题. 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. In a bookshop. C. At the woman's home. 7. Why did Roger quit his job? A. He found a better one. B. He was in poor health. C. He didn't like it anymore. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. How many bedrooms does the woman need? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six 9. What does the woman think of the house? A. It's structurally sound. B. It's old in appearance. C. It's of historic significance. 10. What's the advantage of the kitchen? A. Good views. B. Enough sunlight. C. Big windows. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man's current issue? A. Sleep loss. B. Body injuries. C. Game addiction. 12. How long has the man had the issue? A. For less than a year. B. For two years. C. For over three years. 13. What does the man plan to do next? A. Limit his screen time. B. Drink less coffee. C. Eat healthier food. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the relationship between Rob and Matt? A. Co-workers. B. Brother and sister. C. Friends. 15. How old is Rob? A. 20. B. 25. C. 30. 16. Why is Matt in low spirits? A. He lost his job. B. He is away from home. C. He dropped out of college 17. What does Jenny advise Rob to do? A. Leave Matt alone. B. Cheer his friend up. C. Avoid negative people. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题. 18. Where did the speaker probably grow up? A. In Berlin. B. In Stockholm. C. In Paris. 19. Which building marks the eastern end of the South Bank? A. Blackfriars Bridge. B. Westminster Bridge C. London Eye. 20. What does the speaker most enjoy doing at the South Bank? A. Visiting the Tate Modern. B. Attending a Shakespeare play. C. Taking a boat trip along the river. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUR SCENIC JOURNEY Blending visits to remote islands with scenic cruising, the Scenic Isles of Scotland sailing offers an escape to the wilder, more dramatic corners of the UK. You’ll be within easy reach of spectacularly remote scenery. WHAT’S INCLUDED MONEY-BACK SATISFACTION GUARANTEE++ Fred. Olsen are so confident you’ll love cruising with them, if within 48 hours of boarding you feel it isn’t right for you, they’ll fly you home from the next available port at their expense, and your cruise fare will be refunded in full. SCENIC ISLES OF SCOTLAND 8 NIGHTS ON BOARD BOREALIS DEPARTING 19th JULY 2026 ·No-fly adults-only cruising on board Borealis Including++: —INCLUDED DRINKS with lunch & dinner, including house beer, wine and draught soft drinks —INCLUDED Tips —OCEANS MEMBERS SAVE up to 5%± —On board currency is pound —All meals included, including afternoon tea & five course à la carte dinners —Free shuttle service (for ports over one mile from the ship) ·PLUS, book an Ocean View or above by 8pm 31st May 2026 to receive a FREE Duo of Wine Gift+ 15% OFF TRAVEL INSURANCE — Please call for more information SAVE EVERY TIME YOU BOOK- EARN EXCLUSIVE CRUISE MILES® — worth £££s towards your next cruise with ROL Cruise++ YOUR EXCLUSIVE ROL CRUISE SALE FARES Inside from £1,359pp Ocean View from £1,699pp Terrace from £ 2,699pp Suite from £3,029pp Solo Cabins are available from £ 2,569 ONLY A DEPOSIT TO SECURE YOUR CABIN 1. Which of the following is the departure port? A. Lerwick. B. Loch Hourn. C. Liverpool D. Dutchman’s Cap. 2. When can passengers get their payment back? A. Before paying the cruise fare. B. After reaching the final destination port. C. Over three days after getting on the ship. D. Within two days after boarding the cruise. 3. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To describe the history of Scottish islands. B. To compare different cruise lines in the UK. C. To advertise a scenic cruise around Scotland. D. To explain how to book a cruise around England. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了Fred. Olsen公司推出的苏格兰风景岛屿邮轮之旅的相关信息，包括行程路线、包含服务、优惠活动、退款保障和价格等内容，目的是吸引游客报名参加该邮轮项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据航线图标注“From/to Liverpool”，结合航线箭头走向可知，该邮轮航线的起点也就是出发港为利物浦，其余选项中的Lerwick、Loch Hourn、Dutchman’s Cap均为航线中途停靠站点，不是出发港，可推知出发港是利物浦。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据WHAT’S INCLUDED部分“Fred. Olsen are so confident you’ll love cruising with them, if within 48 hours of boarding you feel it isn’t right for you, they’ll fly you home from the next available port at their expense, and your cruise fare will be refunded in full.(弗雷德·奥尔森非常自信，您一定会喜欢和他们一起游轮旅行。如果您在登船后48小时内觉得不适合自己，他们会免费将您从下一个可用港口送回家，您的邮轮费用也将全额退还)”可知，乘客登船后两天内可以拿回款项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Blending visits to remote islands with scenic cruising, the Scenic Isles of Scotland sailing offers an escape to the wilder, more dramatic corners of the UK. You’ll be within easy reach of spectacularly remote scenery.(将探访偏远岛屿与风景如画的巡航相结合，苏格兰风景岛屿航行之旅为您带来一次逃离喧嚣、探索英国更野性壮丽角落的绝佳体验。您将轻松抵达那些令人叹为观止的遥远自然风光)”结合文章主要介绍了Fred. Olsen公司推出的苏格兰风景岛屿邮轮之旅的相关信息，包括行程路线、包含服务、优惠活动、退款保障和价格等内容，目的是吸引游客报名参加该邮轮项目。可知，文章的目的是宣传一次环绕苏格兰的风景游轮之旅。 B When I was a little girl, I never won any awards at school—not a single one. I attended an academically competitive school where intelligence was highly valued. While I was not a bad student, I was never considered outstanding enough to receive any recognition. Those were the days before it became fashionable to praise children for every little effort. At that time, my parents often received feedback from teachers that I was not living up to my full potential. Such constant criticism chipped away at my self-esteem and deeply hurt my confidence, but it did not break me. Instead, it ignited a strong desire to prove everyone wrong, a fire of determination that would drive me for years to come. During my college years, I developed a deep interest in psychology and educational theories. I wanted to understand how to support and encourage children in a way that I had never felt supported myself. Later, I decided to pursue a doctorate in psychology, a goal that the director of studies at my college would have never predicted. I failed to get into my desired graduate program not once, but twice, and it was not until my third attempt that I succeeded. Had it not been for my previous frustrating experiences, I would never have had the willpower to keep trying until the final success. Today, it is common for parents and teachers to shelter children from criticism and failure, always telling them they are doing a good job to protect their confidence. But as I learned from my own experience, motivation and drive do not come from a life of constant praise and easy success. Experts argue that proper frustration and occasional failure are necessary for growth; some frustration can lead to a feeling of wanting to do better next time and generate the non-destructive aggression that pushes us to try harder and do better. 4. What was the author’s childhood education like? A. Inspiring. B. Caring. C. Demanding. D. Dominating. 5. What was the author’s response to her teachers’ feedback? A. She broke down and quit. B. She got annoyed but forgave. C. She shrugged it off and forgot. D. She got hurt but still survived. 6. Why is the author’s doctoral journey mentioned? A. To criticize the previous educational pattern. B. To motivate others to be as persistent as she. C. To demonstrate the power of chasing dreams. D. To imply the value of experiencing frustration. 7. What message does the text convey? A. Well-timed praise lifts the spirits. B. A man without confidence can’t stand. C. A smooth sea never makes a skilled sailor. D. Doubt kills more dreams than failure does. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文作者结合自身成长经历，论述适度的挫折与失败对人的成长至关重要，一味夸赞、规避挫折反而难以培养内在上进心。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“I attended an academically competitive school where intelligence was highly valued.(我上的是个学术竞争激烈的学校，那里非常看重智力。)”可知，作者的童年教育是要求高的。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“At that time, my parents often received feedback from teachers that I was not living up to my full potential. Such constant criticism chipped away at my self-esteem and deeply hurt my confidence, but it did not break me.(那时，我的父母经常从老师那里听到反馈，说我没有发挥出全部潜力。这种持续不断的批评削弱了我的自尊心，也深深伤害了我的自信心，但并未击垮我。)”可知，作者对老师们的反馈感到受伤，但依然挺了下来。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Later, I decided to pursue a doctorate in psychology, a goal that the director of studies at my college would have never predicted. I failed to get into my desired graduate program not once, but twice, and it was not until my third attempt that I succeeded. Had it not been for my previous frustrating experiences, I would never have had the willpower to keep trying until the final success.(后来，我决定攻读心理学博士学位，这个目标连我所在大学的教务主任都未曾预料到。我曾两次未能进入理想的研究生项目，直到第三次才最终成功。若不是经历了此前一次次令人沮丧的经历，我绝不可能有如此强大的毅力坚持到底，直至最终取得成功。)”可知，作者的博士求学经历被提及是为了暗示经历挫折的价值。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But as I learned from my own experience, motivation and drive do not come from a life of constant praise and easy success. Experts argue that proper frustration and occasional failure are necessary for growth; some frustration can lead to a feeling of wanting to do better next time and generate the non-destructive aggression that pushes us to try harder and do better.(但根据我自己的经验所了解到的，动力和进取心并非来自不断被表扬和轻松成功的生活。专家认为，适当的挫折感和偶尔的失败对于成长是必要的；一些挫折可能会激发人们下次想做得更好的愿望，并产生一种非破坏性的攻击性，促使我们更加努力、追求卓越。)”可知，这段文字传达的信息是一帆风顺无法让人成长，挫折磨难才能历练人，也就是“A smooth sea never makes a skilled sailor.(风平浪静的大海培养不出老练水手。)”。 C During World War II, people on some Pacific islands saw Allied airplanes land carrying food and tools called “cargo”. After the war ended and the planes stopped coming, some islanders created practices to try to bring them back. They built fake runways out of dirt, made wooden control towers, and wore coconut headphones, copying what soldiers did. They believed that if they copied these actions, the cargo planes would return. But the planes never came. In 1974, physicist Richard Feynman used this story to describe a problem in science, calling it “cargo cult science”. According to Feynman, cargo cult science refers to practices that follow all the outward appearances and rigorous forms of scientific investigation — such as using precise statistics, writing formatted papers, and conducting experiments — but lack the essential core of scientific integrity. This missing core is a specific type of absolute honesty: a willingness to actively prove oneself wrong, publish failed results, and expose every potential flaw in one’s own theory. Without this deep intellectual honesty, all the complex technical machinery of research is just a meaningless performance, unable to produce true discovery. Today, education experts say many students show a similar pattern, called “cargo cult learning”. Students may spend long bours highlighting books, working in stylish coffee shops, and using apps to track study time. They copy the visible habits of good students, creating the feeling of hard work. But these surface actions often hide weak real thinking. Simply making neat notes or doing many practice problems without deep thinking or learning from mistakes leads to little progress. They often feel productive, but the learning is shallow and quickly forgotten over time. The main lesson is that success does not come from copying the outside forms of work True learning needs real understanding, which includes facing confusion, questioning ideas, and seeking clear understanding instead of only appearance. Real growth requires embracing difficulty, learning from errors, and focusing on understanding rather than performance or appearance itself fully. 8. Why did the islanders imitate what Allied soldiers had done? A. They attempted to attract more tourists. B. They wanted to resolve a scientific problem. C. They tried to drive away foreign Allied soldiers. D. They expected cargo planes to return with supplies. 9. What does the underlined word “rigorous” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Strict. B. Casual. C. Simple D. Flexible 10. Which of the following shows “cargo cult learning”? A. Digesting knowledge after practice B. Spending much time on fancy notes. C. Thinking deeply while doing exercises. D. Learning lessons from previous mistakes. 11. What might be the best title of the text? A. Growth and True Learning B. Cargo Cult Science and Fake Effort C. The Great Physicist Feynman’s Theory D. The Follow-up Effect of World War II 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】文章由太平洋岛民模仿军队盼物资的故事引出“货物崇拜科学”，延伸到学生只做表面功夫的虚假学习，指出真正学习重在深度理解而非形式。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“They believed that if they copied these actions, the cargo planes would return. But the planes never came.(他们相信，如果复制这些行动，货机就会返回。但飞机却从未归来。)”可知，岛民模仿士兵是希望货运飞机带回物资。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“forms of scientific investigation — such as using precise statistics, writing formatted papers, and conducting experiments — but lack the essential core of scientific integrity(科学探究的形式——例如使用精确的统计数据、撰写格式化的论文、进行实验——但却缺乏科学诚信这一核心要素。)”可知，rigorous修饰科学研究流程，搭配严谨的统计、规范论文，词义为严格的。故划线词意思是“严格的”。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Simply making neat notes or doing many practice problems without deep thinking or learning from mistakes leads to little progress. They often feel productive, but the learning is shallow and quickly forgotten over time.(仅仅做整洁的笔记或大量练习题，却缺乏深入思考和从错误中学习的能力，导致进步甚微。他们常常觉得自己很高效，但学习效果浅薄，随着时间推移很快就会被遗忘。)”可知，长时间专注于华丽的笔记体现了“货物崇拜式学习”。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 1974, physicist Richard Feynman used this story to describe a problem in science, calling it “cargo cult science”.(1974年，物理学家理查德·费曼用这个故事来描述科学领域存在的一个问题，称之为“货物崇拜科学”。)”结合文章由太平洋岛民模仿军队盼物资的故事引出“货物崇拜科学”，延伸到学生只做表面功夫的虚假学习，指出真正学习重在深度理解而非形式。可知，B选项“货物崇拜科学与虚假努力”最符合文章标题。 D Humans’ ongoing expansion into. natural environments might be triggering the evolution of a new household pet, one that’s increasingly comfortable in the urban spaces we create. Researchers from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) noticed anatomical (解剖学的) changes in racoons and wondered whether these little trash pandas are actually undergoing a domestication process simply by spending so much time around us. The research showed a clear difference between racoons avoiding human environments and those thriving in urban areas. Like dogs, urban racoons displayed shorter snouts, likely because tamer individuals are better tolerated by humans and more successful in cities. What draws them closer to our habitats in the first place, however, is our abundant and easily accessible garbage. The research team notes in their study that many people think of domestication as a purely human-driven, “unnatural” process. But animals can also adapt to human environments on their own by seeking abundant resources and safety from predators. Over time, these conditions can lead to features associated with domestication even without direct human involvement. To thrive in this new environment, animals benefit from adapting to harmonize with humans, appearing tamer and less fearful. The researchers argue that these early stages of domestication are driven entirely by natural selection. Their observations align with the Neural Crest Domestication Syndrome (NCDS) hypothesis, which suggests that animals undergoing domestication show similar anatomical changes that begin early in embryonic(胚胎) development. These shifts often appear as smaller skulls, floppy ears, pigmentation changes, and curly tails. What’s more, their study will be repeated with other urban mammals, such as armadillos and opossums, to test whether similar domestication patterns appear across species Still, their findings on racoons highlight how humans’ presence alone can act as a driver of evolution, and who knows, may eventually bring us a brand-new pet. Raffaela Lesch, assistant professor of biology at the UALR said, “It would be fitting and funny if our next domestic species were racoons. I feel like it would be funny if we called the domestic version of the raccoon the trash panda.” 12. Whet does the underlined phrase “trash pandas” refer to? A. Rural dogs. B. Urben racoons. C. Household pets. D. Domestic Pandas. 13. What mainly attracts racoons to human homes? A. Plenty of easy-to-get garbage. B. Protection from wild predators. C. Sale shelters provided by people. D. Friendly treatment from humans. 14. What pushes the early period of domestication according to researchers? A. Climate changes. B. Natural selection. C. Human training programmes. D. Embryo medical treatment. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Racoons are likely to be kept as pets in the future. B. Scientists have domesticated wild racoons successfully. C. Mammals’ domestication patterns are exactly the same. D. Opossums and armadillos show obvious domestication changes. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍人类活动促使城市浣熊出现驯化特征，阐释其驯化成因、进化原理，并指出未来或出现全新驯化宠物物种。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Researchers from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) noticed anatomical (解剖学的) changes in racoons and wondered whether these little trash pandas are actually undergoing a domestication process simply by spending so much time around us.(美国阿肯色大学小石城分校的研究人员发现了浣熊的解剖学变化，并想知道这些小小的“垃圾熊猫”是否仅仅因为长期生活在人类周边，就正在经历驯化过程。)”可知，前文话题围绕浣熊展开，短语trash pandas用来指代城市浣熊。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What draws them closer to our habitats in the first place, however, is our abundant and easily accessible garbage.(然而，最初吸引它们靠近人类栖息地的原因，是人类产生的充足且极易获取的垃圾。)”可知，充足且易获取的垃圾是吸引浣熊靠近人类居所的主要原因。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers argue that these early stages of domestication are driven entirely by natural selection.(研究人员认为，驯化的这些早期阶段完全是由自然选择推动的。)”可知，自然选择推动了动物驯化的早期进程。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still, their findings on racoons highlight how humans’ presence alone can act as a driver of evolution, and who knows, may eventually bring us a brand-new pet. Raffaela Lesch, assistant professor of biology at the UALR said, "It would be fitting and funny if our next domestic species were racoons.(尽管如此，他们关于浣熊的研究发现表明，仅人类的存在就能推动物种进化，说不定最终会为人类带来一种全新的宠物。该校生物学助理教授拉斐拉·莱施表示：如果浣熊成为下一种被驯化的物种，会十分贴切且有趣。)”可知，浣熊未来有可能被人类当作宠物饲养。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) large language models (LLMs) are becoming more human-like by design. Do LLMs have personality? ___16___ “Vast quantities of human-generated training data enable LLMs to mimic human characteristics in their outputs and exhibit a form of synthetic (合成的) personality,” said the authors of a new study in Nature Machine Intelligence. The more personable a chatbot is, the more potential for connections and influence on humans. The upside is that the user experience may be more engaging. The downside is that the persuasiveness may not necessarily be a positive influence. ___17___ “As LLMs increasingly power conversational agents used by the general public worldwide, the synthetic personality traits inserted in these models by training on large quantities of human data are becoming increasingly important to evaluate,” the authors wrote. ___18___ According to a 2025 YouGov Survey of 1,132 Americans aged 18 and older, 56% of American adults used AI tools, higher than that in previous years. ___19___ According to the 2025 Pew Research Center Survey of 1,458 American teens, 68% between the ages of 15-17 years old and 57% of 13-to 14-year-old teens reported using AI chatbots, and three-in-ten teens interact with AI chatbots daily. The most used chatbot among teens is ChatGPT (59%), followed by Gemini (23%), Meta AI (20%), Copilot (14%), Character AI (9%), and Claude (3%). “So far, validated psychometric methods for human personality measurement have not been applied to LLMs end-to-end. ___20___ However, scientists still need to formally check whether the results are actually reliable and meaningful when used on LLMs.” the researchers wrote. A. Yet this question divides scientists. B. The answer lies in their human training data. C. This growing importance is seen in rising AI usage. D. In short, LLMs’ personality is a double-edged sword. E. The youths use AI chatbots widely, with clear preferences. F. Actually, past studies have tried measuring personality in LLMs. G. Researchers have concluded that these methods are unsuitable for LLMs. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍大语言模型聊天机器人具备人工合成人格，分析其利弊、普及现状及人格测量的相关研究情况。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Do LLMs have personality?(大语言模型具备人格吗？)”以及空后的“Vast quantities of human-generated training data enable LLMs to mimic human characteristics in their outputs and exhibit a form of synthetic (合成的) personality(大量人工生成的训练数据，能让大语言模型在输出内容中模仿人类特征，展现出一种合成人格)”可知，空格处需要回答前文提出的疑问，点明大语言模型人格的来源。B选项“The answer lies in their human training data (答案在于它们的人类训练数据)”回应上文问题，衔接后文对训练数据的具体解释。 【17题详解】 根据空前的“The upside is that the user experience may be more engaging. The downside is that the persuasiveness may not necessarily be a positive influence.(有利的一面是用户体验更加吸引人，不利的一面是其说服力未必会带来积极影响。)”可知，前文分别阐述了人工智能聊天机器人具备人格的优缺点，空格处需要对上文内容进行总结。D选项“In short, LLMs’ personality is a double-edged sword(简而言之，大语言模型的人格是一把双刃剑)”概括前文利弊并存的内容，起到总结本段的作用。 【18题详解】 根据空前的““As LLMs increasingly power conversational agents used by the general public worldwide, the synthetic personality traits inserted in these models by training on large quantities of human data are becoming increasingly important to evaluate,” the authors wrote. (研究作者写道：“随着大语言模型越来越多地为全球普通民众使用的对话智能体提供技术支撑，依托海量人类数据训练而植入模型中的人工合成人格特质，其评估工作正变得愈发重要。”)”以及空后的“According to a 2025 YouGov Survey of 1, 132 Americans aged 18 and older, 56% of American adults used AI tools, higher than that in previous years.(2025年尤格夫对1132名18岁以上美国人的调查显示，56%的美国成年人使用过人工智能工具，比例高于往年。)”可知，空格处需要衔接评估重要性与人工智能使用率上升的现象。C选项“This growing importance is seen in rising AI usage(这种日益增长的重要性体现在人工智能使用率的攀升上)”中This growing importance指代前文评估模型人格愈发重要，引出后文各类使用数据。 【19题详解】 根据空后的“According to the 2025 Pew Research Center Survey of 1,458 American teens, 68% between the ages of 15-17 years old and 57% of 13-to 14-yearold teens reported using AI chatbots, and three-in-ten teens interact with AI chatbots daily. The most used chatbot among teens is ChatGPT (59%), followed by Gemini (23%), Meta AI (20%), Copilot (14%), Character AI (9%), and Claude (3%). (依据皮尤研究中心2025年针对1458名美国青少年开展的调查：15至17岁群体中有68%、13至14岁青少年中有57% 表示自己使用过人工智能聊天机器人，且三成青少年每天都会和AI聊天机器人互动。青少年群体中使用最广泛的聊天机器人是ChatGPT（占比59%），其次依次为 Gemini（23%）、Meta AI（20%）、Copilot（14%）、Character AI（9%）以及 Claude（3%）。)”可知，本段数据围绕青少年广泛使用人工智能且有使用偏好展开。E选项“The youths use AI chatbots widely, with clear preferences(青少年广泛使用人工智能聊天机器人，且有着明确的使用偏好)”总领后文调查数据，概括段落核心内容。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“So far, validated psychometric methods for human personality measurement have not been applied to LLMs end-to-end.(迄今为止，经过验证的人类人格心理测量方法尚未端到端地应用于大语言模型。)”以及空后的“However, scientists still need to formally check whether the results are actually reliable and meaningful when used on LLMs.(然而，科学家仍需正式验证这些方法用于大语言模型时，结果是否真实可靠、有意义。)”可知，空格处承接前文未完整应用测量方法，引出过往相关尝试。F选项“Actually, past studies have tried measuring personality in LLMs(事实上，以往已有研究尝试测量大语言模型的人格)”衔接前后文，说明已有相关研究尝试，但仍需验证可靠性。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Henderson was widely regarded as the most bad-tempered man on Willow Street. He lived in a house with a high wooden fence and a lawn so ____21____ mowed (修剪) that it looked like a green carpet. He ____22____ a ten-year-old boy named Sam frequently peering through the gaps in his fence. The boy was clearly ____23____ by Mr. Henderson’s prize-winning roses. “Move along, kid! This isn’t a park!” Mr. Henderson ____24____ one afternoon. But Sam didn’t ____25____. Instead, he pointed to a particularly vibrant red rose and asked softly, “How do you make them grow so straight?” Caught off guard by the boy’s genuine ____26____, the old man found himself explaining the importance of pruning (剪枝) and soil quality. What began as a few grumbled words through a fence evolved into a daily afternoon ____27____. Mr. Henderson began to look forward to Sam’s questions, and Sam began to look forward to the old man’s stories. The ____28____ went far beyond the flowerbeds. Mr. Henderson began to smile at ____29____, and Sam started spending less time on his tablet and more time with his hands in the dirt. Together, they decided to tackle a nearby ____30____ lot (小块土地) that had been a local eyesore for years. They ____31____ the trash and planted a mixture of sunflowers, tomatoes, and marigolds. Eventually, the lot had become a vibrant community ____32____. Neighbors who had previously ____33____ Mr. Henderson’s house now stopped by to offer ____34____ or help with the weeding. The “bad-tempered man” was now the heart of the street. He ____35____ that while he had taught Sam how to grow roses, Sam had taught him how to live again. 21. A. randomly B. regularly C. perfectly D. automatically 22. A. anticipated B. heard C. prevented D. noticed 23. A. confused B. astonished C. touched D. fascinated 24. A. whispered B. sighed C. barked D. commented 25. A. turn around B. run away C. give in D. check out 26. A. curiosity B. thought C. passion D. response 27. A. debate B. workout C. routine D. discussion 28. A. procedure B. transformation C. progress D. guidance 29. A. neighbors B. friends C. strangers D. passers-by 30. A. naked B. abandoned C. productive D. neat 31. A. stacked B. threw C. cleared D. recycled 32. A. garden B. field C. playground D. backyard 33. A. avoided B. ignored C. supported D. investigated 34. A. books B. seeds C. money D. food 35. A. wondered B. doubted C. ensured D. realized 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了一位脾气暴躁的老人与一个好奇男孩因玫瑰结缘，通过日常交流逐渐改变，最终共同将废弃空地改造成社区花园，老人也因此重获生活热情的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词。句意：他住在一所有着高木栅栏的房子里，草坪修剪得完美无瑕，看起来像一块绿色地毯。A. randomly随机地；B. regularly定期地；C. perfectly完美地；D. automatically自动地。根据下文“it looked like a green carpet”可知，草坪看起来像绿色地毯，说明修剪得很完美。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：他注意到一个名叫Sam的十岁男孩经常透过栅栏的缝隙偷看。A. anticipated预期；B. heard听到；C. prevented阻止；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“a ten-year-old boy named Sam frequently peering through the gaps in his fence”可知，“十岁男孩Sam经常透过栅栏缝隙偷看”是Henderson先生注意到的情况。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：男孩显然被Henderson先生获奖的玫瑰迷住了。A. confused困惑的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. touched感动的；D. fascinated着迷的。根据下文“Mr. Henderson’s prize-winning roses”可知，Henderson先生的玫瑰获过奖，说明非常美丽，将Sam迷住了。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：“走开，小孩！这不是公园！”一天下午，Henderson先生厉声说道。A. whispered低语；B. sighed叹气；C. barked厉声说出；D. commented评论。根据上文“Mr. Henderson was widely regarded as the most bad-tempered man on Willow Street.”可知，Henderson先生脾气很坏，因此会厉声说话，驱赶Sam离开。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：但Sam没有跑开。A. turn around转身；B. run away跑开；C. give in屈服；D. check out结账。根据上文“Move along, kid! This isn’t a park!”和下文“Instead, he pointed to a particularly vibrant red rose and asked softly, “How do you make them grow so straight?””可知，Henderson先生驱赶Sam离开，但Sam没有跑开，反而指着玫瑰提问。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：被男孩真诚的好奇心打了个措手不及，老人发现自己开始解释修剪和土壤质量的重要性。A. curiosity好奇心；B. thought想法；C. passion热情；D. response回应。根据上文“Instead, he pointed to a particularly vibrant red rose and asked softly, “How do you make them grow so straight?””可知，Sam轻声提问玫瑰的种植技巧，这是发自内心的好奇。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：最初只是透过栅栏的几句抱怨，逐渐演变成了每天下午的谈话。A. debate辩论；B. workout锻炼；C. routine常规；D. discussion谈话。根据下文“Mr. Henderson began to look forward to Sam’s questions, and Sam began to look forward to the old man’s stories.”可知，Sam会问问题，Henderson先生则会讲故事，说明抱怨演变成每天下午的固定谈话。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种转变远远超出了花坛的范围。A. procedure程序；B. transformation转变；C. progress进步；D. guidance指导。根据上文“What began as a few grumbled words through a fence evolved into a daily afternoon ___.”可知，Henderson先生和Sam的关系有了发展，Henderson先生从坏脾气变得友善起来，此处指这种转变远远超出了花坛范围。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：Henderson先生开始对邻居微笑，Sam也开始减少玩平板电脑的时间，更多地亲手接触泥土。A. neighbors邻居；B. friends朋友；C. strangers陌生人；D. passers-by路人。根据下文“Neighbors who had previously ___ Mr. Henderson’s house now stopped by to offer ___ or help with the weeding.”可知，邻居们现在过来帮忙，和之前不同了，说明Henderson先生开始对邻居微笑。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们一起决定处理附近一块多年来一直是当地眼中钉的废弃空地。A. naked裸露的；B. abandoned被废弃的；C. productive多产的；D. neat整洁的。根据下文“that had been a local eyesore for years”可知，这块空地多年来是当地的眼中钉，说明它一直处于废弃的状态。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们清理了垃圾，混合种植了向日葵、西红柿和金盏花。A. stacked堆放；B. threw扔；C. cleared清除；D. recycled回收。根据下文“the trash and planted a mixture of sunflowers, tomatoes, and marigolds”可知，在种植这些植物之前，两人先是清理了垃圾。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：最终，这块空地变成了一个充满活力的社区花园。A. garden花园；B. field田野；C. playground操场；D. backyard后院。根据上文“planted a mixture of sunflowers, tomatoes, and marigolds”可知，两人混合种植了向日葵、西红柿和金盏花，把空地变成了一个充满活力的社区花园。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：以前回避Henderson先生房子的邻居们现在会停下来提供种子或帮忙除草。A. avoided回避；B. ignored忽视；C. supported支持；D. investigated调查。根据上文“Mr. Henderson was widely regarded as the most bad-tempered man on Willow Street.”可知，Henderson先生脾气很坏，因此之前邻居们都回避他的房子。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：以前回避Henderson先生房子的邻居们现在会停下来提供种子或帮忙除草。A. books书；B. seeds种子；C. money钱；D. food食物。根据下文“or help with the weeding”可知，这里是园艺的主题，邻居们应该是提供种子或帮忙除草。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：他意识到，虽然自己教会了Sam如何种玫瑰，但Sam教会了他如何重新生活。A. wondered想知道；B. doubted怀疑；C. ensured确保；D. realized意识到。根据下文“that while he had taught Sam how to grow roses, Sam had taught him how to live again”可知，经过和Sam的相处，以及自己发生的变化，Henderson先生最终有所领悟，意识到Sam教会了他如何重新生活。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From February 21st to 25th, the National Excellent Folk Art Program Exhibition of 2024 Huji Shuhui, organized by the Chinese Quyi Artists Association, Shandong Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and other units, ____36____ (hold) in Huimin County, Shandong Province, known as the “hometown of Chinese Quyi”. It presented the audience ____37____ a wonderful cultural feast. It’s reported that 16 excellent programs were selected from nearly 200 programs ____38____ (submit) by 20 provinces and autonomous regions across the country for this exhibition. This means the selection process was ____39____ (competitive) than many other similar cultural events. During the event, over 400 folk artists from 20-odd provinces and cities throughout the country performed onstage and showcased their talents. The audience was treated to a ____40____ (diverse) of local art performances, including Shandong Clapper Ballad, Yancheng Flower Drum, etc. These performances feature singing, dancing, and instrumental music, ____41____ (provide) the audience with a rich opera banquet that meets their desire ____42____ (experience) traditional Chinese opera. The Huji Shuhui originated in the Song and Yuan dynasties, ____43____ continued to thrive during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It has been passed down to the present day, with ____44____ history of over 800 years. Every year on the ____45____ (twelve) day of the first lunar month, it holds a gathering in Huji Town, which is known as a “living fossil” in China’s Quyi Circles. 【答案】36. was held 37. with 38. submitted 39. more competitive 40. diversity 41. providing 42. to experience 43. and 44. a 45. twelfth 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了2024年胡集书会全国优秀民间艺术节目展演的举办时间、节目选拔、演出盛况以及胡集书会的悠久历史与文化价值。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：由中国曲艺家协会、山东省文联等单位主办的2024年胡集书会全国优秀民间艺术节目展演，于2月21日至25日在被誉为“中国曲艺之乡”的山东省惠民县举行。根据时间状语From February 21st to 25th可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语the National Excellent Folk Art Program Exhibition与hold之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：它为观众呈现了一场精彩的文化盛宴。present sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“向某人呈现某物”。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，本次展演的近200个节目中精选出16个优秀节目，这些节目来自全国20个省、自治区提交的作品。that引导的主语从句的谓语动词是were selected，空格处填入非谓语动词，动词submit“提交”与其逻辑名词programs之间是被动关系，应用过去分词短语submitted 作后置定语，意为“被提交的”。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：这意味着选拔过程比许多其他类似的文化活动更具竞争性。空处作表语，且根据后面的than可知，应用competitive“有竞争性的”的比较级more competitive。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：观众欣赏到了丰富多彩的地方艺术表演，包括山东快书、盐城花鼓等。a diversity of是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些表演融合了唱、舞和器乐，为观众提供了一场丰富的戏曲盛宴，满足了他们体验中国传统戏曲的愿望。句子的谓语动词是feature，空格处填入非谓语动词，动词provide“提供”与其逻辑主语These performances之间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语作状语。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。抽象名词desire后常接不定式作定语，表示“……的愿望”。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：胡集书会起源于宋元时期，并在明清时期继续兴盛。originated和continued是两个并列的谓语动词，应用并列连词and连接。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它传承至今，已有800多年的历史。history为可数名词，此处泛指“一段历史”，且history是发音以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。 【45题详解】 考查序数词。句意：每年农历正月十二，它都会在胡集镇举行集会，被誉为中国曲艺界的“活化石”。空处修饰名词day，表示顺序“第十二”，应用序数词twelfth。 第四部分 写作［共两节，清分40分） 第一节（清分15分） 46. 暑假将至，学校鼓励学生平衡学习与课余生活，积极参与健身、旅游、志愿服务等实践活动，请你结合自身安排，写一份暑假计划，投稿至校英文报。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 My Plan for Summer Holiday ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My Plan for Summer Holiday The summer holiday is approaching. To balance my study and extracurricular life, I have made a meaningful plan. First, I will spend two hours every morning reviewing my lessons and reading books to keep my mind sharp. In the afternoons, I plan to take up fitness, such as jogging or swimming, to build a strong body. Besides, I will join a local volunteer program to help in the community, which will teach me responsibility and teamwork. Finally, I hope to travel to a new city with my parents to broaden my horizons. I believe this holiday will be both relaxing and rewarding. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以投稿形式撰写英文短文，围绕学校提倡的平衡学习与课余生活的理念，结合自身实际制定暑假计划，涵盖学习、健身、志愿活动、旅行等内容，词数80词左右，内容积极完整、行文连贯。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 临近：approach → draw near 开始从事：take up → launch out into 拓宽：broaden → enrich 有益的：rewarding → beneficial 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：I believe this holiday will be both relaxing and rewarding. 拓展句：I hold the belief that this holiday will be both relaxing and rewarding. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, I will join a local volunteer program to help in the community, which will teach me responsibility and teamwork.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I believe this holiday will be both relaxing and rewarding.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节（滴分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The evening breeze carried the appetizing smell of grilled meat as David and his classmates crowded around a street stand. Laughter and chatter filled the air. David was so delighted, enjoying both the delicious food and the company of his closest friends. Suddenly, a female cleaner stepped toward the stand, her face lined with exhaustion. After placing an order, she was scanning for a seat when she noticed David’s group. Almost instantly, her expression changed. Instead of taking a seat, she whispered to the stand owner, “I’ll take it away, please.” The stand owner, a kind-faced man, pointed to an empty table “Please, sit down and eat here. You’ve worked hard all day. Take a rest. ” But the woman shook her head firmly, her eyes avoiding his gaze “No, no. Just pack it for me. I’m in a hurry. ” “Come on,” the owner insisted warmly. “Stay and enjoy your meal.” David overheard the conversation and turned his head, only to find that the cleaner was just his mother. His heart leaped, and without thinking, he jumped up from his seat and called out, “Mom! It’s you!” His mother froze. Her face turned pale, then red. She looked at David, and his well-dressed classmates, who were now staring at her with curiosity. Panic took hold of her. She quickly looked away, pretending not to know him. She grabbed the takeout bag from the owner and muttered, “Sorry, you’ve got the wrong person,” before turning around to run away into the night. David seized his mother by the hand and asked in confusion, “Mom, why are you in such a hurry to leave?” His mother lowered her head, her eyes reddening, and said, “Son, I’m afraid of embarrassing you. If your classmates find out you’re the son of a cleaner…” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 David held her hand more tightly and replied firmly, “Mom, I don’t care.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Feeling the respect and warmth from these teenagers, his mom let go of her worries. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 David held her hand more tightly and replied firmly, “Mom, I don’t care.” He wiped the tears rolling down her cheeks and pulled her toward their table. Deeply ashamed of her own inferiority, Mom stood stiffly, not daring to lift her eyes. David then told all his classmates proudly that his mother kept the city clean with her own hands. Never once had he felt ashamed of her job, for every honest labor deserved sincere admiration. His classmates nodded in understanding and greeted his mother with bright smiles, which eased her nervousness a little. Feeling the respect and warmth from these teenagers, his mom let go of her worries. She sighed in relief and sat beside David. One classmate handed her a skewer of grilled meat, chatting casually about her daily work. Gradually, Mom brightened up and shared small stories of her cleaning work. Before heading home, she gave David a soft hug, full of gratitude for his bravery to acknowledge her. That night, they both realized love and dignity weighed far more than others’ superficial opinions. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了大卫和同学们在小吃摊前聚会时，偶遇前来买饭的清洁工母亲。母亲因担心自己的工作会让儿子在同学面前丢脸，假装不认识大卫并匆忙逃离。被大卫拉住后，母亲吐露心声，害怕自己清洁工的身份让儿子遭到同学嘲笑、让儿子难堪。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，接下来可描写大卫坚定安慰自卑的母亲，当众骄傲地介绍母亲的职业，告诉同学诚实劳动值得尊重，打消母亲的顾虑。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，接下来可描写母亲放下自卑与不安，融入众人，在温暖的相处中释怀，母子二人领悟真诚的爱与职业尊严远比世俗眼光重要。 2.续写线索：大卫坚定安慰母亲——当众介绍母亲职业——同学善意尊重——母亲放下顾虑——坦然落座相处——内心释怀感动——领悟爱与尊严的真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①缓解：ease/relieve ②意识到：realize/be aware 情绪类 ①自豪地：proudly/with pride ②紧张：nervousness/tension 【点睛】【高分句型1】Never once had he felt ashamed of her job, for every honest labor deserved sincere admiration.(运用了否定词Never在句首的部分倒装) 【高分句型2】That night, they both realized love and dignity weighed far more than others’ superficial opinions.(运用省略了引导词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $