新人教版暑假单词突破营 DAY 10（对照百词斩每日30词） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

暑假单词突破营DAY 10 一、核心词汇（新人教版必修一） 暑假单词突破营 Constant dripping wears away the stone. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管子，导管 whistle /ˈwɪsl/ n. 哨子（声）；v. 吹口哨 emergency /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况，突发事件 calm /kɑːm/ adj. 冷静的，平静的；沉着的，镇静的；v.（使）平静；（使）镇定 aid /eɪd/ n. 救护；救援物资；帮助；v. 帮助 kit /kɪt/ n. 工具箱；成套工具；装备 first aid kit /fɜːst eɪd kɪt/ phr. 急救包 on hand /ɒn hænd/ phr. 手头现有；在手边；到场 crash /kræʃ/ n. 撞车；碰撞；v. 碰撞；坠落 sweep /swiːp/ v. 扫，打扫，清扫；（风）吹走 sweep away清除掉；冲走；彻底消除 wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪，波浪；v. 挥手，招手 strike /straɪk/ v. 击打；钟敲响；n. 罢工；袭击 deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ v. 递送，交付；发表（演讲）；接生 summary /ˈsʌməri/ n. 摘要，总结 effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 效果；结果；影响（复数 effects 意为“个人财物”） length /leŋθ/ n. 长度 billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj. 本地的；天赋的；n. 本地人 attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ n. 态度；看法，姿态 reference /ˈrefrəns/ n. 参考；提及；推荐信 refer /rɪˈfɜː/ v. 参考；叫……求助于；查阅，查询 refer to /rɪˈfɜː tuː/ phr. 参考；提到；描述；查阅 system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系；制度 despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. 尽管，不顾；即使 ups and downs 起伏；盛衰；沉浮 factor /ˈfæktə/ n. 因素；要素 based /beɪst/ adj. 以……为基础的 base /beɪs/ n. 底座；基础；基地；v. 以……作基础；以……为据点 be based on 以……为基础；基于 二、高频固定搭配与词族拓展 【核心搭配】 in an emergency在紧急情况下 calm down（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 stay calm保持冷静 first aid急救 first aid kit急救包 on hand在手边；到场 sweep away清除掉；冲走；彻底消除 make a summary做总结 in summary总之 have an effect on对……有影响 take effect生效；起作用 side effect副作用 native speaker母语者 attitude towards/to对……的态度 refer to参考；提到；查阅 refer to ... as ...把……称为…… reference book参考书 despite the fact that ...尽管……（后接从句，但 despite 本身接名词，常用 despite the fact that 接从句） ups and downs起伏；盛衰 base ... on ...把……建立在……之上 be based on以……为基础 【词形变换】 calm (adj./v.) → calmly (adv.) → calmness (n.) emergency (n.) → emergent (adj. 紧急的) aid (n./v.) → aide (n. 助手) crash (v./n.) → crashing (adj. 猛烈的) sweep (v.) → sweeper (n. 清洁工；扫掠者) strike (v./n.) → striking (adj. 引人注目的) deliver (v.) → delivery (n.) → deliverer (n.) effect (n.) → effective (adj.) → effectively (adv.) length (n.) → long (adj.) → lengthen (v.) native (adj./n.) → natively (adv.) → nativity (n. 出生；诞生) refer (v.) → reference (n.) → referral (n.) base (n./v.) → basic (adj.) → basis (n.) → basement (n.) 三、短文翻译练习（原文三篇，请翻译成中文） Passage 1 · 急救与冷静 Last week, a crash occurred on the highway. A truck struck a car from behind, and the car crashed into the guardrail. Fortunately, a first aid kit was on hand in the car, and the driver knew how to use it. He remained calm and called for emergency aid. The ambulance arrived within ten minutes. The rescue team swept away the broken glass and metal pieces from the road. The driver suffered only minor injuries because he had stayed calm and taken proper action. This incident reminded me of the importance of first aid knowledge. In any emergency, staying calm is the most important factor. Despite the danger, a calm person can make a difference. We should always keep a first aid kit in our cars and learn how to use it. The rescue workers also used a whistle to signal for help and direct the traffic. Their efforts saved many lives. This experience taught me that having the right aid and a positive attitude can help us survive even the worst situations. Passage 2 · 学习方法与态度 As high school students, we face many ups and downs in our studies. Some students feel stressed about exams, while others remain calm and focused. Based on my own experience, I believe that a good attitude towards learning is the key to success. We should refer to our textbooks and reference books when we have questions. Our teachers often deliver lectures on effective learning strategies. They also encourage us to make a summary after each lesson to review what we have learned. The effect of this method is obvious—it helps us remember the key points and understand the system of knowledge better. Despite the heavy workload, we should not lose heart. Instead, we should stay positive and keep moving forward. Another important factor is to base our study plan on our own strengths and weaknesses. We should also compare our progress with our past performance rather than competing with others. Even if we face difficulties, we should keep a calm mind and find solutions. In summary, the right attitude and a clear strategy are the keys to academic success. Passage 3 · 成长与未来 Looking back on my youth, I realize that life is full of ups and downs. I used to be an awkward and shy teenager, but now I have grown into a more confident and outgoing person. Despite the challenges I faced, I never gave up on my dreams. One important factor in my growth was the support of my family and teachers. They always had first aid kits ready for my emotional wounds, so to speak. They taught me to stay calm in times of emergency and to sweep away negative thoughts. My native language teacher delivered inspiring speeches that struck my heart. She often referred to famous legends and their determination to overcome difficulties. She said that our attitude towards failure makes a difference to our future success. I also learned to base my decisions on my true interests and values. I believe that the length of our life is not as important as its quality. We should refer to our dreams as our guiding stars. Even if we face failure, we should never lose heart. In summary, I am grateful for all the ups and downs that have shaped who I am today. I am ready to face the future with a positive attitude and a calm mind. 四、选词填空（两组，每组10空，请从各自方框中选择并适当形式填空） Group A 备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）： pipe, whistle, emergency, calm, aid, kit, first aid kit, on hand, crash, sweep, sweep away, wave 1. The factory worker was fixing a broken __________ when the accident happened. 2. She blew a __________ to call her dog back from the park. 3. In case of __________, please call 120 immediately. 4. The nurse always keeps a __________ in her bag for sudden injuries. 5. The flood __________ everything in its path, leaving nothing behind. 6. The teacher told the students to stay __________ during the fire drill. 7. The heavy rain __________ the streets and caused traffic jams. 8. The lifeboat was __________ to rescue anyone who fell into the water. 9. The car __________ into the tree, but luckily no one was seriously hurt. 10. The swimmers were warned about the huge __________ approaching the shore. Group B 备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）： strike, deliver, summary, effect, length, billion, native, attitude, reference, refer, refer to, system, despite, ups and downs, factor, based, base 11. The earthquake __________ the city at midnight, causing great damage. 12. The professor will __________ a speech on climate change tomorrow. 13. Can you give me a __________ of the article in two sentences? 14. The new policy has a positive __________ on the economic development. 15. The __________ of the bridge is about 2,000 metres. 16. The world population has reached over 8 __________ people. 17. She is a __________ English speaker, so her pronunciation is perfect. 18. His __________ towards learning has changed a lot since he met the new teacher. 19. If you don‘t know the word, you can __________ the dictionary. 20. The education __________ in this country is well-developed and fair to all students. 五、单词填空（共15小题，含首字母填空和单句语法填空） Part A 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词） 21. We should stay c__________ in the face of danger. 22. The government is sending a__________ to the disaster area. 23. The car c__________ into the wall, but the driver was safe. 24. The s__________ of the article is very clear and easy to understand. 25. The new law will take e__________ next month. 26. She has a positive a__________ towards life despite all the difficulties. 27. The education s__________ needs to be reformed to meet modern needs. 28. D__________ the bad weather, they continued to work on the project. Part B 单句语法填空（用所给词的正确形式填空） 29. You should stay __________ (calm) when you are in danger. 30. The new policy has a positive __________ (effective) on the environment. 31. The book is __________ (base) on a true story. 32. She __________ (refer) to her notes during the speech. 33. The ____________ (deliver) of the package was delayed due to the storm. 34. The length of the river is about 6,000 __________ (kilometre). 35. He has a good __________ (attitude) towards life and always stays positive. 六、单词默写（汉译英） 管子，导管 __________ 口哨（声）；吹口哨 __________ 紧急情况，突发事件 __________ 冷静的；使平静 __________ 救护；帮助 __________ 工具箱；成套工具 __________ 急救包 __________ 手头现有；在手边 __________ 撞车；碰撞 __________ 扫，打扫 __________ 清除掉；冲走 __________ 海浪，波浪；挥手 __________ 击打；袭击 __________ 递送，交付；发表 __________ 摘要，总结 __________ 效果；结果；影响 __________ 长度 __________ 十亿 __________ 本地的；本地人 __________ 态度；看法 __________ 参考；提及 __________ 参考；提到；查阅 __________ 系统；体系；制度 __________ 尽管，不顾 __________ 起伏；盛衰 __________ 因素；要素 __________ 以……为基础的 __________ 底座；基础；以……作基础 __________ 以……为基础；基于 __________ 【参考答案】 一、短文翻译参考译文 Passage 1 译文 上周，高速公路上发生了一起撞车事故。一辆卡车从后面撞上了一辆轿车，轿车撞上了护栏。幸运的是，车上有一个急救包，司机知道如何使用它。他保持冷静并呼叫了紧急救援。救护车在十分钟内到达。救援队清除了路面上的碎玻璃和金属碎片。司机只受了轻伤，因为他保持冷静并采取了正确的措施。这次事件让我想起了急救知识的重要性。在任何紧急情况下，保持冷静是最重要的因素。尽管有危险，冷静的人也能发挥作用。我们应该在车里随时备有急救包并学会使用它。救援人员还用哨子发出求救信号并指挥交通。他们的努力挽救了许多生命。这次经历教会了我，拥有正确的救护设备和积极的态度可以帮助我们在最糟糕的情况下生存下来。 Passage 2 译文 作为高中生，我们在学习中面临许多起伏。有些学生对考试感到压力，而另一些人则保持冷静和专注。根据我自己的经验，我认为良好的学习态度是成功的关键。当我们有问题时，应该查阅课本和参考书。我们的老师经常发表关于有效学习策略的讲座。他们还鼓励我们每节课后做总结，复习所学内容。这种方法的效果很明显——它帮助我们记住要点，更好地理解知识体系。尽管课业繁重，我们不应该丧失信心。相反，我们应该保持积极，继续前进。另一个重要因素是根据自己的优势和劣势来制定学习计划。我们还应该把我们的进步和过去的表现相比较，而不是和别人竞争。即使面对困难，我们也应该保持冷静的心态，找到解决办法。总之，正确的态度和清晰的策略是学业成功的关键。 Passage 3 译文 回顾我的青年时期，我意识到生活充满了起伏。我曾经是一个尴尬又害羞的青少年，但现在我已经成长为一个更自信、更外向的人。尽管我面临过挑战，但我从未放弃梦想。我成长中的一个重要因素是我家人和老师的支持。可以说，他们总是为我准备好心灵创伤的“急救包”。他们教会我在紧急情况下保持冷静，扫除消极思想。我的母语老师发表了鼓舞人心的演讲，深深打动了我的心。她经常提到著名的传奇人物和他们的决心去克服困难。她说我们对失败的态度会对未来的成功产生影响。我也学会了根据自己真正的兴趣和价值观来做决定。我相信生命的长度不如其质量重要。我们应该把梦想当作指路明灯。即使面对失败，我们也绝不应该丧失信心。总之，我感激所有塑造了今天的我的起伏。我准备好以积极的态度和冷静的头脑面对未来。 二、选词填空答案 Group A pipe（管子） whistle（吹口哨，名词作宾语，也可作动词，此处填 whistle，作名词用） emergency（紧急情况，in case of emergency 固定搭配） first aid kit（急救包） swept away（冲走，一般过去时） calm（保持冷静，stay calm） swept（打扫，一般过去时） on hand（在手边） crashed（撞上，一般过去时） waves（波浪，复数） Group B struck（袭击，一般过去时） deliver（发表，will 后接原形） summary（总结） effect（影响，have an effect on） length（长度） billion（十亿） native（母语的，本地人） attitude（态度） refer to（查阅，can 后接原形） system（系统） 三、单词填空答案 Part A 首字母填空 calm（冷静的） aid（救援物资） crashed（撞车，一般过去时）——此处 crash 也适用，注意时态，应用 crashed summary（总结） effect（take effect 生效） attitude（态度） system（系统） Despite（尽管，句首大写） Part B 单句语法填空 calm（stay calm 保持冷静） effect（have an effect on，用名词） based（be based on 以……为基础） referred（参考，一般过去时） delivery（递送，名词） kilometres（千公里，复数） attitude（态度，名词） $