新人教版暑假单词突破营 DAY 10（对照百词斩每日30词） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

暑假单词突破营DAY 10

一、核心词汇（新人教版必修一）

pipe /paɪp/ n. 管子，导管

whistle /ˈwɪsl/ n. 哨子（声）；v. 吹口哨

emergency /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况，突发事件

calm /kɑːm/ adj. 冷静的，平静的；沉着的，镇静的；v.（使）平静；（使）镇定

aid /eɪd/ n. 救护；救援物资；帮助；v. 帮助

kit /kɪt/ n. 工具箱；成套工具；装备

first aid kit /fɜːst eɪd kɪt/ phr. 急救包

on hand /ɒn hænd/ phr. 手头现有；在手边；到场

crash /kræʃ/ n. 撞车；碰撞；v. 碰撞；坠落

sweep /swiːp/ v. 扫，打扫，清扫；（风）吹走

sweep away清除掉；冲走；彻底消除

wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪，波浪；v. 挥手，招手

strike /straɪk/ v. 击打；钟敲响；n. 罢工；袭击

deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ v. 递送，交付；发表（演讲）；接生

summary /ˈsʌməri/ n. 摘要，总结

effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 效果；结果；影响（复数 effects 意为“个人财物”）

length /leŋθ/ n. 长度

billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿

native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj. 本地的；天赋的；n. 本地人

attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ n. 态度；看法，姿态

reference /ˈrefrəns/ n. 参考；提及；推荐信

refer /rɪˈfɜː/ v. 参考；叫……求助于；查阅，查询

refer to /rɪˈfɜː tuː/ phr. 参考；提到；描述；查阅

system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统；体系；制度

despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. 尽管，不顾；即使

ups and downs 起伏；盛衰；沉浮

factor /ˈfæktə/ n. 因素；要素

based /beɪst/ adj. 以……为基础的

base /beɪs/ n. 底座；基础；基地；v. 以……作基础；以……为据点

be based on 以……为基础；基于

 

二、高频固定搭配与词族拓展

【核心搭配】

in an emergency在紧急情况下

calm down（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来

stay calm保持冷静

first aid急救

first aid kit急救包

on hand在手边；到场

sweep away清除掉；冲走；彻底消除

make a summary做总结

in summary总之

have an effect on对……有影响

take effect生效；起作用

side effect副作用

native speaker母语者

attitude towards/to对……的态度

refer to参考；提到；查阅

refer to ... as ...把……称为……

reference book参考书

despite the fact that ...尽管……（后接从句，但 despite 本身接名词，常用 despite the fact that 接从句）

ups and downs起伏；盛衰

base ... on ...把……建立在……之上

be based on以……为基础

 

【词形变换】

calm (adj./v.) → calmly (adv.) → calmness (n.)

emergency (n.) → emergent (adj. 紧急的)

aid (n./v.) → aide (n. 助手)

crash (v./n.) → crashing (adj. 猛烈的)

sweep (v.) → sweeper (n. 清洁工；扫掠者)

strike (v./n.) → striking (adj. 引人注目的)

deliver (v.) → delivery (n.) → deliverer (n.)

effect (n.) → effective (adj.) → effectively (adv.)

length (n.) → long (adj.) → lengthen (v.)

native (adj./n.) → natively (adv.) → nativity (n. 出生；诞生)

refer (v.) → reference (n.) → referral (n.)

base (n./v.) → basic (adj.) → basis (n.) → basement (n.)

三、短文翻译练习（原文三篇，请翻译成中文）

Passage 1 · 急救与冷静

Last week, a crash occurred on the highway. A truck struck a car from behind, and the car crashed into the guardrail. Fortunately, a first aid kit was on hand in the car, and the driver knew how to use it. He remained calm and called for emergency aid. The ambulance arrived within ten minutes. The rescue team swept away the broken glass and metal pieces from the road. The driver suffered only minor injuries because he had stayed calm and taken proper action. This incident reminded me of the importance of first aid knowledge. In any emergency, staying calm is the most important factor. Despite the danger, a calm person can make a difference. We should always keep a first aid kit in our cars and learn how to use it. The rescue workers also used a whistle to signal for help and direct the traffic. Their efforts saved many lives. This experience taught me that having the right aid and a positive attitude can help us survive even the worst situations.

 

Passage 2 · 学习方法与态度

As high school students, we face many ups and downs in our studies. Some students feel stressed about exams, while others remain calm and focused. Based on my own experience, I believe that a good attitude towards learning is the key to success. We should refer to our textbooks and reference books when we have questions. Our teachers often deliver lectures on effective learning strategies. They also encourage us to make a summary after each lesson to review what we have learned. The effect of this method is obvious—it helps us remember the key points and understand the system of knowledge better. Despite the heavy workload, we should not lose heart. Instead, we should stay positive and keep moving forward. Another important factor is to base our study plan on our own strengths and weaknesses. We should also compare our progress with our past performance rather than competing with others. Even if we face difficulties, we should keep a calm mind and find solutions. In summary, the right attitude and a clear strategy are the keys to academic success.

 

Passage 3 · 成长与未来

Looking back on my youth, I realize that life is full of ups and downs. I used to be an awkward and shy teenager, but now I have grown into a more confident and outgoing person. Despite the challenges I faced, I never gave up on my dreams. One important factor in my growth was the support of my family and teachers. They always had first aid kits ready for my emotional wounds, so to speak. They taught me to stay calm in times of emergency and to sweep away negative thoughts. My native language teacher delivered inspiring speeches that struck my heart. She often referred to famous legends and their determination to overcome difficulties. She said that our attitude towards failure makes a difference to our future success. I also learned to base my decisions on my true interests and values. I believe that the length of our life is not as important as its quality. We should refer to our dreams as our guiding stars. Even if we face failure, we should never lose heart. In summary, I am grateful for all the ups and downs that have shaped who I am today. I am ready to face the future with a positive attitude and a calm mind.

 

四、选词填空（两组，每组10空，请从各自方框中选择并适当形式填空）

Group A

备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）：
pipe, whistle, emergency, calm, aid, kit, first aid kit, on hand, crash, sweep, sweep away, wave

1. The factory worker was fixing a broken __________ when the accident happened.
2. She blew a __________ to call her dog back from the park.
3. In case of __________, please call 120 immediately.
4. The nurse always keeps a __________ in her bag for sudden injuries.
5. The flood __________ everything in its path, leaving nothing behind.
6. The teacher told the students to stay __________ during the fire drill.
7. The heavy rain __________ the streets and caused traffic jams.
8. The lifeboat was __________ to rescue anyone who fell into the water.
9. The car __________ into the tree, but luckily no one was seriously hurt.
10. The swimmers were warned about the huge __________ approaching the shore.

Group B

备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）：
strike, deliver, summary, effect, length, billion, native, attitude, reference, refer, refer to, system, despite, ups and downs, factor, based, base

11. The earthquake __________ the city at midnight, causing great damage.
12. The professor will __________ a speech on climate change tomorrow.
13. Can you give me a __________ of the article in two sentences?
14. The new policy has a positive __________ on the economic development.

15. The __________ of the bridge is about 2,000 metres.
16. The world population has reached over 8 __________ people.
17. She is a __________ English speaker, so her pronunciation is perfect.
18. His __________ towards learning has changed a lot since he met the new teacher.
19. If you don‘t know the word, you can __________ the dictionary.
20. The education __________ in this country is well-developed and fair to all students.

五、单词填空（共15小题，含首字母填空和单句语法填空）

Part A 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词）

21. We should stay c__________ in the face of danger.
22. The government is sending a__________ to the disaster area.
23. The car c__________ into the wall, but the driver was safe.
24. The s__________ of the article is very clear and easy to understand.
25. The new law will take e__________ next month.
26. She has a positive a__________ towards life despite all the difficulties.
27. The education s__________ needs to be reformed to meet modern needs.
28. D__________ the bad weather, they continued to work on the project.

Part B 单句语法填空（用所给词的正确形式填空）

29. You should stay __________ (calm) when you are in danger.
30. The new policy has a positive __________ (effective) on the environment.
31. The book is __________ (base) on a true story.
32. She __________ (refer) to her notes during the speech.
33. The ____________ (deliver) of the package was delayed due to the storm.
34. The length of the river is about 6,000 __________ (kilometre).
35. He has a good __________ (attitude) towards life and always stays positive.

六、单词默写（汉译英）

底座；基础；以……作基础 __________

以……为基础；基于 __________