Unit 1 Power of Ideas（重难词汇精练）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 以“词汇基础-语境-语篇”三级递进为核心，系统覆盖词汇记忆、变形及综合运用，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|51单词+10短语汉译英、22题词汇拓展|聚焦单词拼写、词形转换（动-名/形-副等）|从孤立词汇记忆到构词规则理解，夯实语言基础| |词汇语境练|18单词拼写、25适当形式填空、10完成句子、10单项选择|结合句子语境考查词汇应用，强调语法搭配|从词汇变形到语境适配，培养语言表达准确性| |词汇语篇练|1完形填空（15题）、2选词填空（25题）|在篇章中综合运用词汇，侧重上下文理解|从句子应用到语篇连贯，提升语言理解与思维品质|

Unit 1 Power of Ideas 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A 单词 1. 发明；创造 ________ 2. 照相机；(电影)摄影机 ________ 3. 笔记本电脑 ________ 4. 超级的；顶好的 ________ 5. 墨镜 ________ 6. 微型的；短的（前缀）________ 7. 按钮；扣子 ________ 8. 它自己 ________ 9. 打印机；印刷公司 ________ 10. 生产；繁育 ________ 11.（计算机的）文件；文件夹 ________ 11. n.塑料 adj.塑料（的）________ 12. 发明；编造 ________ 13. 电话 ________ 14. 认为；推断 ________ 15. 车轮；轮子 ________ 16. 冻硬的；冰封的 ________ 17. 东部的；向东的 ________ 18. 层；表层 ________ 20.（使）融化；逐渐消失 ________ 19. 管道；管子；烟斗 ________ 20. 旅游业 ________ 21. 经济的；经济学的 ________ 22. 获得；取得 ________ 23. 现实；事实 ________ 24. 造纸工艺；造纸业 ________ 25. 作为原因的；有责任的 ________ 26. 迅速的；瞬间的 ________ 27. v.塑造 n.形状 ________ 28. 青铜 ________ 29. 制品；陶器 ________ 30. 石头；岩石 ________ 31. 黄麻纤维 ________ 32. 纤维；纤维素 ________ 33. 昂贵的；价格高的 ________ 34. 官员；高级职员 ________ 35. 作坊；讲习班 ________ 36. 没有一个；毫无 ________ 37. adj.理想的；最合适的 n.理想；完美的人（或事物）________ 38. 树皮 ________ 39. adj.某些；确定的 pron.某些 ________ 40. 合适的；适宜的 ________ 41. n.液体 adj.液体的 ________ 42. adj.便宜的 adv.低廉地 ________ 43. 创造；作品 ________ 44. 诞生；出现 ________ 45. 迅速地；快速地 ________ 46. 买得起；能做 ________ 47. 公司；陪伴 ________ 48. 黏（性）的；闷热的 ________ 49. 歌曲集 ________ 50. 生产；制作 ________ 51. 逐渐地；逐步地 ________ 52. 广泛地；普遍地 ________ 53. 滑翔机 ________ B 短语 1. 高速列车 ________ 2. 许多；大量 ________ 3. 全世界 ________ 4. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）________ 5. 引起某事 ________ 6. 后来；其后 ________ 7. (使) 加速 ________ 8. 造成；导致 ________ 9. 导致；造成 ________ 10. 试图找到做某事的方法 ________ 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. invent v. 发明；创造: _______ n.发明物；发明; _______n.发明家 _______adj. 善于发明的；有创新精神的 2. it pron. 它: ____________pron. 它自己 3. print v.印刷；打印：___________n. 打印机；印刷公司 4. produce v.生产；制造:__________n.工业产品；制品;___________ n.生产 5. tour n./v. 旅行，游览： ________ n. 旅游业；______ n. 游客;______ adj. 适合旅游的，游客多的 6. economic adj. 经济的；经济学的: _______n. 经济 7. freeze v. 结冰，冷冻:_______ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 8. east n./adv. 东方；向东___________adj. 东部的；向东的 9. real adj.真实的：_________ n. 现实；事实; ___________adv.真正地 10. responsible adj. 有责任的；作为原因的: _____________n.责任 11. rapid adj.迅速的:__________adv.迅速地 12. office n.办公室:_________n.官员；高级职员 13. certain adj.确定的；某些:_______adv. 当然；必定 14. suit v.适合:________adj. 合适的；适宜的 15. create v.创造: ____________n.创造；作品; _________adj.有创造力的 16. idea n.想法；主意；观点: ______ adj.理想的 17. stick v. 粘贴；坚持：_______ adj. 黏（性）的 18. gradual adj. 逐渐的: _______ adv. 逐渐地 19. wide adj. 宽的；广泛的：_________ adv. 广泛地；普遍地; _________v. 拓宽；使变宽 20. product n. 产品；产物: ________ v.生产；制造; _______ n.生产；产量; _______adj. 多产的；富有成效的 21. collect v.收集；采集: __________n.收藏品；收集（行为）; ________ adj.集体的；共同的 22. create v. 创造；创作: _________ n. 创造；作品; ______ n.创造力; ______ adj. 有创造力的；创造性的 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. I enjoy the __________(陪伴)of my best friend. 2. I can't_________(买得起)that new phone right now. 3. Press this red ________ /ˈbʌtn/ , and the fan will turn on. 4. We should use fewer __________(塑料的）bags to protect the environment. 5. One __________ /wiːl/ of my bike is broken. 6. No pains, no g_________. You can't pass the exam without hard work. 7. _________(旅游业)makes this small town richer and busier. 8. The local ________(经济的)situation is getting better. 9. Human nature is good at b_______. 10. Water, milk and juice are all l________. 11. —Can you print my homework? —Sorry, the _________(打印机)doesn't work. 12. This factory ___________ /prəˈdjuːs/ paper. 13. —Where is your homework? — It's in this _______(文件夹). 14. —May I use your ___________(电话)? — Sure. 15. —Where is Tom? —I s_________ he is at home. 16. —What is r___________ for the big change? — The new technology. 17. —Why is the city changing so fast? —It's because of ________(迅速的) development. 18. My father uses a __________(笔记本电脑） for work. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  The invention of the plane is now _________(wide) used in the field of travel. 2. The ___________(produce) of food must follow safety rules. 3. What do you think is the most useful____________(invent) of all time, Peter? 4. The radio made it much_________ (easy) for people to enjoy music from artists around the world. 5._________(tour) helps develop local villages. 6.We need to find a new ___________(economy) development way. 7.We bought some____________ (freeze) fish in the shop. 8.Sticky notes __________(gradual) became popular all over the world. 9.The inventor finally turned his idea into __________(real). 5. A__________(real) suitable writing material saves people much time and money 11.It was his ____________(responsible) to find a better material for people to write on. 6. With the help of paper, information spread __________(rapid) all over the world. 7. Cai Lun was an __________(office) in the Eastern Han Dynasty who improved papermaking. 8. This cheap and easy-to-use paper will __________(certain) be welcomed by people. 9. The soft paper is ___________(suit) for both writing and painting. 10. Light and cheap paper is an___________(idea)choice for daily writing. 11. Cai Lun had a ___________(create) idea to make paper from bark and old clothes. 12. The improved paper was a great ___________(create) in ancient China. 13. The museum has a large ___________(collect) of ancient inventions. 14. Art classes can help students develop their ___________(create). 15. She is a ____________(create) designer with many new ideas. 22.The __________(invent) boy made many small tools by himself. 23.The ___________(produce) of cars has increased this year. 24.We had a __________(product) productive meeting and solved many problems. 25.There is a pile of __________(stick) notes on the desk. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.而且因为收音机，其他一些重要发明也相继被研发出来。 And ____________ the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well. 2.全世界的人都热爱运动。 People _______________like sports. 3.令我惊讶的是，他买了一台新笔记本电脑。 _____________, he bought a new laptop. 4.别着急，我稍后再跟你讲这件事。 Don’t worry. I’ll tell you the story_____________. 5.互联网对我们的日常生活影响很大。 The Internet_____________ our daily life. 6.这种特制眼镜能用来做什么？ What can the special glasses ______________? 7.据报道在我们城镇将要建立一家新工厂。 ______________that a new factory will be built in our town. 8.一个微型摄像头被连接在眼镜前端。 A mini-camera _____________ the front of the glasses. 9.所有这些事物都依靠一项发明——造纸术。 All of these things ___________ one invention—papermaking. 10.相较于其他所有发明，它让信息得以快速传播，并构筑起了现代世界。 _____________all other inventions, it made information spread quickly and __________ the modern world. 四、单项选择 1. Sharing your feelings with friends often _________ closer friendship. A. turns into B. comes to C. leads to D. takes off 2. His family is too poor to _________ the children's education fees. A. affect B. pay C. afford D. choose 3. We need to __________ to finish homework on time. A. cheer up B.speed up C. wake up D. make up 4.—Are these books all useful? —________ of them are useful for me. A. Neither B. None C. Nothing D. Either 5.— How do I turn on the machine? — ________this button. A. Press B. Put C. Shut D. Get 6.—How many books are there? —_________ them. A.Hundreds of B. Two hundreds C. Hundred of D. Two hundreds of 7. You should use your own shopping bags instead of ______ bags when you go shopping. A.wooden B. metal C. plastic D. cotton 8.—What's the ________of the box? — It's square. A. color B. size C. shape D. price 9. He stayed home _________ the rain. A. because B. instead of C. ahead of D. because of 10.Mobile phones have a big effect ______ people. A. for B. in C. to D. on 一、完形填空 Teenagers often go online when bored, but it can sometimes bring more stress. That’s when the “Boredom Buster” comes to help. It offers 1 on keeping busy depending on how you feel. Feeling 2 ? “Try writing down your fears and think about the 3 behind them.” Sad? “Try watching your favorite TV show.” The “Boredom Buster” is a part of an app called Saplings, made to 4 teenagers to deal with a restless mind. The app 5 has a guide to keeping a diary. Created by Vaishnavi Kumbala, the app was born out of her 6 for people of her age with mental (精神的) health problems. “A lot of mental health resources out there are for adults or 7 kids,” said Kumbala. She saw many teenagers feel lonely 8 sad. Some of them are too 9 to ask for help. While it can’t take the place of 10 , the app can work together with them. “The prompts (提示) in the guided diary are made just for 11 ,” said Kumbala. Prompts include questions like “What is your greatest interest? How can you use 12 in your life in a small way?” There are also encouraging sayings, 13 “Stay hungry, stay foolish”. Kumbala wanted to 14 something that was by a teen for teens. Her app 15 the 2021 Congressional App Challenge in Louisiana’s First District. The goal of the competition is to help middle and high school students explore computer science. 1．A．power B．problems C．money D．advice 2．A．happy B．scared C．angry D．excited 3．A．reasons B．effort C．value D．choices 4．A．drive B．allow C．require D．help 5．A．never B．also C．usually D．again 6．A．hobby B．worry C．joke D．argument 7．A．younger B．happier C．taller D．thinner 8．A．but B．while C．since D．and 9．A．heavy B．noisy C．shy D．short 10．A．teachers B．children C．doctors D．parents 11．A．teens B．workers C．babies D．cooks 12．A．her B．him C．it D．them 13．A．during B．including C．considering D．besides 14．A．create B．buy C．watch D．borrow 15．A．made B．invented C．won D．found 二、选词填空 A it, either, be, because, what, else, by，invent, clean, popular, habit, hundred There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 1 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 2 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 3 their teeth with some small tree branches(树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might 4 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went 5 ， the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse­tail hair instead of pig hair 6 pig hair was too hard. Imagine travelling back to 7 of years ago and brushing your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 8 among local people soon. The 9 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper­making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good 10 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. B 从方框中选择合适的词/短语，并用其适当形式填空，每空限填一词/短语。 invent, invention, improve, widely, lead to, speed up, be supposed to, plastic, workshop, reality, gain, rapidly, rapid, company, hundreds of Great Inventions Around Us There are many great 11 in history. Great inventors 12 new things to change our life. Now new technology develops 13 . 14 factories and 15 make all kinds of daily goods. Workers in the 16 17 work hard every day. They 18 production and 19 their work speed. We 20 protect our environment. Don’t use too many 21 products, because they may 22 pollution. With the 23 development of technology, our dreams turn into 24 . We can 25 a better life from new inventions. $ Unit 1 Power of Ideas 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 A 单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 发明；创造 invention 2. 照相机；(电影)摄影机 camera 3. 笔记本电脑 laptop 4. 超级的；顶好的 super 5. 墨镜 sunglasses 6. 微型的；短的（前缀）mini- 7. 按钮；扣子 button 8. 它自己 itself 9. 打印机；印刷公司 printer 10. 生产；繁育 produce 11.（计算机的）文件；文件夹 file 11. n.塑料 adj.塑料（的）plastic 12. 发明；编造 invent 13. 电话 telephone 14. 认为；推断 suppose 15. 车轮；轮子 wheel 16. 冻硬的；冰封的 frozen 17. 东部的；向东的 eastern 18. 层；表层 layer 20.（使）融化；逐渐消失 melt 19. 管道；管子；烟斗 pipe 20. 旅游业 tourism 21. 经济的；经济学的 economic 22. 获得；取得 gain 23. 现实；事实 reality 24. 造纸工艺；造纸业 papermaking 25. 作为原因的；有责任的 responsible 26. 迅速的；瞬间的 rapid 27. v.塑造 n.形状 shape 28. 青铜 bronze 29. 制品；陶器 ware 30. 石头；岩石 stone 31. 黄麻纤维 jute 32. 纤维；纤维素 fibre 33. 昂贵的；价格高的 expensive 34. 官员；高级职员 officer 35. 作坊；讲习班 workshop 36. 没有一个；毫无 none 37. adj.理想的；最合适的 n.理想；完美的人（或事物）ideal 38. 树皮 bark 39. adj.某些；确定的 pron.某些 certain 40. 合适的；适宜的 suitable 41. n.液体 adj.液体的 liquid 42. adj.便宜的 adv.低廉地 cheap 43. 创造；作品 creation 44. 诞生；出现 birth 45. 迅速地；快速地 rapidly 46. 买得起；能做 afford 47. 公司；陪伴 company 48. 黏（性）的；闷热的 sticky 49. 歌曲集 songbook 50. 生产；制作 production 51. 逐渐地；逐步地 gradually 52. 广泛地；普遍地 widely 53. 滑翔机 glider B 短语 1. 高速列车 high-speed train 2. 许多；大量 hundreds (of ...) 3. 全世界 all over the world 4. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）be supposed to do / be sth 5. 引起某事 responsible for sth 6. 后来；其后 later on 7. (使) 加速 speed up 8. 造成；导致 result in 9. 导致；造成 lead to 10. 试图找到做某事的方法 be looking to do sth 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. invention；inventor；inventive 2. itself 3. printer 4. product；production 5. tourism；tourist；touristy 6. economy 7. frozen 8. eastern 9. reality；really 10. responsibility 11. rapidly 12. officer 13. certainly 14. suitable 15. creation；creative 16. ideal 17. sticky 18. gradually 19. widely；widen 20. produce；production；productive 21. collection；collective 22. creation；creativity；creative 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. company 2. afford 3. button 4. plastic 5. wheel 6. gains 7. Tourism 8. economic 9. birth 10. liquids 11. printer 12. produces 13. file 14. telephone 15. suppose 16. responsible 17. rapid 18. laptop 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. widely 2. production 3. invention 4. easier 5. Tourism 6. economic 7. frozen 8. gradually 9. reality 10. really 11. responsibility 12. rapidly 13. officer 14. certainly 15. suitable 16. ideal 17. creative 18. creation 19. collection 20. creativity 21. creative 22. inventive 23. production 24. productive 25. sticky 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1. because of 2. all over the world 3. To my surprise 4. later on 5. has a great effect on 6. be used for 7. It is reported 8. is connected to 9. depend on 10. Compared with；built up 四、单项选择 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10.D 一、完形填空 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 二、选词填空 1．it 2．what 3．cleaned 4．be 5．by 6．because 7．hundreds 8．popular 9．invention 10．habit 11．inventions 12．invent 13．rapidly 14．Hundreds of 15．companies 16．workshops 17．widely 18．improve 19．speed up 20．are supposed to 21．plastic 22．lead to 23．rapid 24．reality 25．gain 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 Power of Ideas 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 A 单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 发明；创造 invention 2. 照相机；(电影)摄影机 camera 3. 笔记本电脑 laptop 4. 超级的；顶好的 super 5. 墨镜 sunglasses 6. 微型的；短的（前缀）mini- 7. 按钮；扣子 button 8. 它自己 itself 9. 打印机；印刷公司 printer 10. 生产；繁育 produce 11.（计算机的）文件；文件夹 file 11. n.塑料 adj.塑料（的）plastic 12. 发明；编造 invent 13. 电话 telephone 14. 认为；推断 suppose 15. 车轮；轮子 wheel 16. 冻硬的；冰封的 frozen 17. 东部的；向东的 eastern 18. 层；表层 layer 20.（使）融化；逐渐消失 melt 19. 管道；管子；烟斗 pipe 20. 旅游业 tourism 21. 经济的；经济学的 economic 22. 获得；取得 gain 23. 现实；事实 reality 24. 造纸工艺；造纸业 papermaking 25. 作为原因的；有责任的 responsible 26. 迅速的；瞬间的 rapid 27. v.塑造 n.形状 shape 28. 青铜 bronze 29. 制品；陶器 ware 30. 石头；岩石 stone 31. 黄麻纤维 jute 32. 纤维；纤维素 fibre 33. 昂贵的；价格高的 expensive 34. 官员；高级职员 officer 35. 作坊；讲习班 workshop 36. 没有一个；毫无 none 37. adj.理想的；最合适的 n.理想；完美的人（或事物）ideal 38. 树皮 bark 39. adj.某些；确定的 pron.某些 certain 40. 合适的；适宜的 suitable 41. n.液体 adj.液体的 liquid 42. adj.便宜的 adv.低廉地 cheap 43. 创造；作品 creation 44. 诞生；出现 birth 45. 迅速地；快速地 rapidly 46. 买得起；能做 afford 47. 公司；陪伴 company 48. 黏（性）的；闷热的 sticky 49. 歌曲集 songbook 50. 生产；制作 production 51. 逐渐地；逐步地 gradually 52. 广泛地；普遍地 widely 53. 滑翔机 glider B 短语 1. 高速列车 high-speed train 2. 许多；大量 hundreds (of ...) 3. 全世界 all over the world 4. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）be supposed to do / be sth 5. 引起某事 responsible for sth 6. 后来；其后 later on 7. (使) 加速 speed up 8. 造成；导致 result in 9. 导致；造成 lead to 10. 试图找到做某事的方法 be looking to do sth 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. invent v. 发明；创造: _______ n.发明物；发明; _______n.发明家 _______adj. 善于发明的；有创新精神的 2. it pron. 它: ____________pron. 它自己 3. print v.印刷；打印：___________n. 打印机；印刷公司 4. produce v.生产；制造:__________n.工业产品；制品;___________ n.生产 5. tour n./v. 旅行，游览： ________ n. 旅游业；______ n. 游客;______ adj. 适合旅游的，游客多的 6. economic adj. 经济的；经济学的: _______n. 经济 7. freeze v. 结冰，冷冻:_______ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 8. east n./adv. 东方；向东___________adj. 东部的；向东的 9. real adj.真实的：_________ n. 现实；事实; ___________adv.真正地 10. responsible adj. 有责任的；作为原因的: _____________n.责任 11. rapid adj.迅速的:__________adv.迅速地 12. office n.办公室:_________n.官员；高级职员 13. certain adj.确定的；某些:_______adv. 当然；必定 14. suit v.适合:________adj. 合适的；适宜的 15. create v.创造: ____________n.创造；作品; _________adj.有创造力的 16. idea n.想法；主意；观点: ______ adj.理想的 17. stick v. 粘贴；坚持：_______ adj. 黏（性）的 18. gradual adj. 逐渐的: _______ adv. 逐渐地 19. wide adj. 宽的；广泛的：_________ adv. 广泛地；普遍地; _________v. 拓宽；使变宽 20. product n. 产品；产物: ________ v.生产；制造; _______ n.生产；产量; _______adj. 多产的；富有成效的 21. collect v.收集；采集: __________n.收藏品；收集（行为）; ________ adj.集体的；共同的 22. create v. 创造；创作: _________ n. 创造；作品; ______ n.创造力; ______ adj. 有创造力的；创造性的 【答案】 1. invention；inventor；inventive 2. itself 3. printer 4. product；production 5. tourism；tourist；touristy 6. economy 7. frozen 8. eastern 9. reality；really 10. responsibility 11. rapidly 12. officer 13. certainly 14. suitable 15. creation；creative 16. ideal 17. sticky 18. gradually 19. widely；widen 20. produce；production；productive 21. collection；collective 22. creation；creativity；creative 一、单词拼写：根据汉语提示，音标或首字母完成单词。 1. I enjoy the __________(陪伴)of my best friend. 2. I can't_________(买得起)that new phone right now. 3. Press this red ________ /ˈbʌtn/ , and the fan will turn on. 4. We should use fewer __________(塑料的）bags to protect the environment. 5. One __________ /wiːl/ of my bike is broken. 6. No pains, no g_________. You can't pass the exam without hard work. 7. _________(旅游业)makes this small town richer and busier. 8. The local ________(经济的)situation is getting better. 9. Human nature is good at b_______. 10. Water, milk and juice are all l________. 11. —Can you print my homework? —Sorry, the _________(打印机)doesn't work. 12. This factory ___________ /prəˈdjuːs/ paper. 13. —Where is your homework? — It's in this _______(文件夹). 14. —May I use your ___________(电话)? — Sure. 15. —Where is Tom? —I s_________ he is at home. 16. —What is r___________ for the big change? — The new technology. 17. —Why is the city changing so fast? —It's because of ________(迅速的) development. 18. My father uses a __________(笔记本电脑） for work. 【答案】 1. company 2. afford 3. button 4. plastic 5. wheel 6. gains 7. Tourism 8. economic 9. birth 10. liquids 11. printer 12. produces 13. file 14. telephone 15. suppose 16. responsible 17. rapid 18. laptop 【解析】 1. 句意：我享受挚友的陪伴。the后需填名词，company作“陪伴”讲为不可数名词，用原形。 2. 句意：我现在买不起那部新手机。情态动词can't后接动词原形afford，表示负担得起。 3. 句意：按下这个红色按钮，风扇就会开启。音标/ˈbʌtn/对应单词button，this后用单数名词。 4. 句意：我们应该少用塑料袋保护环境。此处需要形容词修饰名词bags，plastic为形容词，意为塑料的。 5. 句意：我的自行车有一个轮子坏了。音标/wiːl/对应wheel，one后搭配可数名词单数。 6. 句意：不劳无获，不努力就无法通过考试。固定英文谚语No pains, no gains。 7. 句意：旅游业让这座小镇更加富裕热闹。tourism表示旅游业，不可数名词，位于句首首字母大写。 8. 句意：当地的经济形势正在好转。形容词economic修饰名词situation，表经济方面的。 9. 句意：人之初，性本善。固定短语at birth，结合首字母提示填birth。 10. 句意：水、牛奶、果汁都属于液体。主语为多种饮品，liquid是可数名词，变复数liquids。 11. 句意：——你能打印我的作业吗？——抱歉，打印机坏了。printer名词，意为打印机。 12. 句意：这家工厂造纸。主语this factory是单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数produces。 13. 句意：——你的作业在哪？——在这个文件夹里。this后接可数名词单数file。 14. 句意：——我能用一下你的电话吗？——当然。telephone意为电话，符合语境。 15. 句意：——汤姆在哪？——我猜想他在家。I suppose为固定表达，意为我认为、我猜想。 16. 句意：——是什么造成了巨大变化？——新技术。固定搭配be responsible for，意为是……的原因。 17. 句意：——这座城市为何发展这么快？——因为飞速发展。形容词rapid修饰名词development。 18. 句意：我爸爸用笔记本电脑办公。不定冠词a后接单数名词laptop，笔记本电脑。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  The invention of the plane is now _________(wide) used in the field of travel. 2. The ___________(produce) of food must follow safety rules. 3. What do you think is the most useful____________(invent) of all time, Peter? 4. The radio made it much_________ (easy) for people to enjoy music from artists around the world. 5._________(tour) helps develop local villages. 6.We need to find a new ___________(economy) development way. 7.We bought some____________ (freeze) fish in the shop. 8.Sticky notes __________(gradual) became popular all over the world. 9.The inventor finally turned his idea into __________(real). 5. A__________(real) suitable writing material saves people much time and money 11.It was his ____________(responsible) to find a better material for people to write on. 6. With the help of paper, information spread __________(rapid) all over the world. 7. Cai Lun was an __________(office) in the Eastern Han Dynasty who improved papermaking. 8. This cheap and easy-to-use paper will __________(certain) be welcomed by people. 9. The soft paper is ___________(suit) for both writing and painting. 10. Light and cheap paper is an___________(idea)choice for daily writing. 11. Cai Lun had a ___________(create) idea to make paper from bark and old clothes. 12. The improved paper was a great ___________(create) in ancient China. 13. The museum has a large ___________(collect) of ancient inventions. 14. Art classes can help students develop their ___________(create). 15. She is a ____________(create) designer with many new ideas. 22.The __________(invent) boy made many small tools by himself. 23.The ___________(produce) of cars has increased this year. 24.We had a __________(product) productive meeting and solved many problems. 25.There is a pile of __________(stick) notes on the desk. 【答案】1. widely 2. production 3. invention 4. easier 5. Tourism 6. economic 7. frozen 8. gradually 9. reality 10. really 11. responsibility 12. rapidly 13. officer 14. certainly 15. suitable 16. ideal 17. creative 18. creation 19. collection 20. creativity 21. creative 22. inventive 23. production 24. productive 25. sticky 【解析】 1.句意：飞机这项发明如今在旅行领域被广泛应用。 空格修饰动词used，需填入副词。形容词wide（宽的）的副词形式为widely，意为“广泛地”。 2. 句意：食品生产必须遵守安全规范。 the后需名词作句子主语；produce动词“生产”，名词形式production表示“生产（过程）”。故为production。 3.句意：彼得，你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么？ useful形容词后接名词；invent动词“发明”，invention名词“发明物”，is提示用单数。故为invention。 4. 句意：收音机让人们聆听世界各地艺术家的音乐变得容易得多。 much修饰形容词比较级，easy的比较级为easier，much easier表示“容易得多”。故为easier。 5.句意：旅游业助力乡村发展。tour 旅行；tourism 旅游业，作句子主语。 6.句意：我们需要找到一条新的经济发展道路。 形容词economic修饰development。 7.句意：我们在商店买了些冻鱼。frozen fish 冷冻鱼，固定搭配。 8. 句意：便利贴逐渐在全世界流行起来。 空格修饰动词became，需填入副词。形容词gradual（逐渐的）的副词形式为gradually，意为“逐渐地”。 9. 句意：这位发明家最终将他的想法变成了现实。 介词into后需接名词，real是形容词，其名词形式为reality，意为“现实”。故为reality。 10. 句意：一种真正合适的书写材料能为人们节省大量时间和金钱。 空格后suitable是形容词，需用副词修饰，real的副词形式为really，意为“真正地”。故为really。 11. 句意：找到一种更适合人们书写的材料是他的责任。 形容词性物主代词his后需接名词，responsible是形容词，其名词形式为responsibility，意为“责任”。故为responsibility。 12. 句意：在纸张的帮助下，信息在全世界迅速传播。 修饰动词spread，修饰动词需用副词，rapid是形容词，其副词形式为rapidly，意为“迅速地”。故为rapidly。 13. 句意：蔡伦是东汉时期改进造纸术的一名官员。 不定冠词an后需接可数名词单数，office表示“办公室”，对应“官员”的名词为officer。故为officer。 14. 句意：这种廉价且易用的纸张肯定会受到人们的欢迎。 修饰动词短语be welcomed，修饰动词需用副词，certain是形容词，其副词形式为certainly，意为“肯定”。故为certainly。 15. 句意：这种柔软的纸张既适合书写也适合绘画。 固定搭配be suitable for表示“适合……”，系动词is后需用形容词作表语，suit的形容词形式为suitable。故为suitable。 16. 句意：轻便廉价的纸张是日常书写的理想选择。 空格后choice是名词，需用形容词修饰，idea是名词，其形容词形式为ideal，意为“理想的”。故为ideal。 17. 句意：蔡伦有一个用树皮和旧衣服造纸的创意想法。 idea是名词，需用形容词修饰，create是动词，其形容词形式为creative，意为“有创意的”。故为creative。 18. 句意：这种经过改进的纸是中国古代一项伟大的创造。 a great后需接可数名词单数，create是动词，其名词形式为creation，意为“创造；创造成果”。故为creation。 19. 句意：这家博物馆藏有大量古代发明展品。 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词large，需填入名词。动词collect（收集）的名词形式为collection，a large collection of 是固定搭配，意为“大量的……收藏品”。 20. 句意：美术课能帮助学生培养创造力。 空格前为形容词性物主代词their，需填入名词。动词create（创造）的名词形式为creativity，意为“创造力”，为不可数名词。 21. 句意：她是一位有很多新想法、富有创造力的设计师。 空格后是名词designer，需填入形容词作定语。动词create的形容词形式为creative，意为“有创造力的；创造性的”。 22. 句意：这个善于发明创造的男孩自己制作了很多小工具。 空格后是名词boy，需填入形容词作定语。动词invent（发明）的形容词形式为inventive，意为“有发明才能的、善于创新的”。 23. 句意：今年汽车的产量有所提升。 空格位于定冠词the和介词of之间，需填入名词。动词produce（生产）的名词形式为production，意为“产量；生产”。 24. 句意：我们开了一场富有成效的会议，解决了很多问题。 空格后是名词meeting，需填入形容词作定语。名词product（产品）的形容词形式为productive，意为“富有成效的；多产的”。 25. 句意：桌子上有一沓便利贴。 空格后是名词notes，需填入形容词作定语。stick的形容词形式为sticky，意为“黏的、有黏性的”；sticky notes 是固定表达，指“便利贴、便签纸”。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子。 1.而且因为收音机，其他一些重要发明也相继被研发出来。 And ____________ the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well. 2.全世界的人都热爱运动。 People _______________like sports. 3.令我惊讶的是，他买了一台新笔记本电脑。 _____________, he bought a new laptop. 4.别着急，我稍后再跟你讲这件事。 Don’t worry. I’ll tell you the story_____________. 5.互联网对我们的日常生活影响很大。 The Internet_____________ our daily life. 6.这种特制眼镜能用来做什么？ What can the special glasses ______________? 7.据报道在我们城镇将要建立一家新工厂。 ______________that a new factory will be built in our town. 8.一个微型摄像头被连接在眼镜前端。 A mini-camera _____________ the front of the glasses. 9.所有这些事物都依靠一项发明——造纸术。 All of these things ___________ one invention—papermaking. 10.相较于其他所有发明，它让信息得以快速传播，并构筑起了现代世界。 _____________all other inventions, it made information spread quickly and __________ the modern world. 【答案】1. because of 2. all over the world 3. To my surprise 4. later on 5. has a great effect on 6. be used for 7. It is reported 8. is connected to 9. depend on 10. Compared with；built up 【解析】 1. 详解：because of 后接名词短语，意为“因为”，the radio 属于名词短语，符合语法用法。 2. 详解：all over the world 意为“全世界”，此处作后置定语修饰主语People。 3. 详解：固定搭配to one's surprise，含义“令某人惊讶的是”，句首单词首字母大写。 4. 详解：固定短语later on 表示“稍后、随后”，在句中充当时间状语。 5. 详解：固定搭配have a great effect on，意为“对……影响很大”；主语The Internet是单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单has。 6. 详解：固定结构be used for 表示“被用来做某事”；情态动词can后面必须跟动词原形be。 7. 详解：固定句型It is reported that...，翻译为“据报道……”，it作形式主语。 8. 详解：短语be connected to 意为“被连接到……”；本句描述物品功能，用一般现在时被动，主语单数，be动词用is。 9. 详解：固定短语depend on 意思是“依靠；依赖”；主语All of these things为复数，谓语动词使用原形。 10. 详解：compared with 意为“与……相比”，常置于句首作状语；build up 表示“构建、建立”，句子时态为一般过去时，build变形为built up。 四、单项选择 1. Sharing your feelings with friends often _________ closer friendship. A. turns into B. comes to C. leads to D. takes off 2. His family is too poor to _________ the children's education fees. A. affect B. pay C. afford D. choose 3. We need to __________ to finish homework on time. A. cheer up B.speed up C. wake up D. make up 4.—Are these books all useful? —________ of them are useful for me. A. Neither B. None C. Nothing D. Either 5.— How do I turn on the machine? — ________this button. A. Press B. Put C. Shut D. Get 6.—How many books are there? —_________ them. A.Hundreds of B. Two hundreds C. Hundred of D. Two hundreds of 7. You should use your own shopping bags instead of ______ bags when you go shopping. A.wooden B. metal C. plastic D. cotton 8.—What's the ________of the box? — It's square. A. color B. size C. shape D. price 9. He stayed home _________ the rain. A. because B. instead of C. ahead of D. because of 10.Mobile phones have a big effect ______ people. A. for B. in C. to D. on 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10.D 【解析】1. 句意：和朋友分享感受往往会加深友谊。lead to 意为“促成、带来”；turn into 变成，come to 来到，take off 起飞、脱掉，均不符合语境。 2. 句意：他家太穷，负担不起孩子们的学费。afford 表示“负担得起”；affect 影响，pay 支付（后常接for），choose 选择。 3. 句意：我们得加快速度，才能按时完成作业。speed up 意为“加快速度”；cheer up 振作起来，wake up 醒来，make up 编造。 4. 句意：——这些书都有用吗？——对我来说一本都没用。none 指代多本书，表示“三者及以上全都不”；neither、either 用于两者，nothing 不能与of连用。 5. 句意：——这台机器怎么开机？——按下这个按钮。press 表示“按压”，press the button 是固定搭配；put 放置，shut 关闭，get 得到。 6. 句意：——有多少本书？——数以百计。hundred 前有具体数字时，用单数且不加s和of；表泛指“数以百计”用 hundreds of，B、C、D 形式均错误。 7. 句意：购物时你应该使用自备购物袋，而不要用塑料袋。plastic 意为“塑料的”；wooden 木制的，metal 金属的，cotton 棉质的。 8. 句意：——这个盒子是什么形状的？——它是方形的。shape 表示“形状”；color 颜色，size 尺寸，price 价格，均不符合答语。 9. 句意：因为下雨，他待在了家里。because后接完整句子，because of后接名词/名词短语；instead of意为代替，ahead of意为在……前面。the rain为名词短语，故选D。 10.句意：手机对人们影响很大。固定搭配have an effect on 对……有影响，故选D。 一、完形填空 Teenagers often go online when bored, but it can sometimes bring more stress. That’s when the “Boredom Buster” comes to help. It offers 1 on keeping busy depending on how you feel. Feeling 2 ? “Try writing down your fears and think about the 3 behind them.” Sad? “Try watching your favorite TV show.” The “Boredom Buster” is a part of an app called Saplings, made to 4 teenagers to deal with a restless mind. The app 5 has a guide to keeping a diary. Created by Vaishnavi Kumbala, the app was born out of her 6 for people of her age with mental (精神的) health problems. “A lot of mental health resources out there are for adults or 7 kids,” said Kumbala. She saw many teenagers feel lonely 8 sad. Some of them are too 9 to ask for help. While it can’t take the place of 10 , the app can work together with them. “The prompts (提示) in the guided diary are made just for 11 ,” said Kumbala. Prompts include questions like “What is your greatest interest? How can you use 12 in your life in a small way?” There are also encouraging sayings, 13 “Stay hungry, stay foolish”. Kumbala wanted to 14 something that was by a teen for teens. Her app 15 the 2021 Congressional App Challenge in Louisiana’s First District. The goal of the competition is to help middle and high school students explore computer science. 1．A．power B．problems C．money D．advice 2．A．happy B．scared C．angry D．excited 3．A．reasons B．effort C．value D．choices 4．A．drive B．allow C．require D．help 5．A．never B．also C．usually D．again 6．A．hobby B．worry C．joke D．argument 7．A．younger B．happier C．taller D．thinner 8．A．but B．while C．since D．and 9．A．heavy B．noisy C．shy D．short 10．A．teachers B．children C．doctors D．parents 11．A．teens B．workers C．babies D．cooks 12．A．her B．him C．it D．them 13．A．during B．including C．considering D．besides 14．A．create B．buy C．watch D．borrow 15．A．made B．invented C．won D．found 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了由青少年Vaishnavi Kumbala开发的名为“Saplings”的应用，旨在帮助青少年应对无聊和心理压力。 1．句意：它根据你的感受提供保持忙碌的建议。 根据“It offers... on keeping busy”，是提供保持忙碌的建议，应用advice。power“力量”，problems“问题”，money“金钱”，均不符。 2．句意：感到害怕？ 根据“Try writing down your fears”，是指害怕，应用scared。happy“高兴的”，angry“生气的”，excited“兴奋的”，均不符。 3．句意：写下你的恐惧并思考背后的原因。 根据“Try writing down your fears”，是指思考恐惧的原因，应用reasons。effort“努力”，value“价值”，choices“选择”，均不符。 4．句意：The Boredom Buster是名为Saplings的应用程序的一部分，旨在帮助青少年应对不安的心理。 根据“deal with a restless mind”，是指帮助处理不安的心理，应用help。drive“驱使”，allow“允许”，require“需要”，均不符。 5．句意：该应用还有一个写日记的指南。 根据“teenagers to deal with a restless mind. The app ... has a guide to keeping a diary.”，是介绍这款应用的另一个功能，also符合语境。never“从不”，usually“通常”，again“再”，均不符。 6．句意：该应用程序由Vaishnavi Kumbala创建，源于她对同龄人心理健康问题的担忧。 根据“for people of her age with mental health problems.”，是指对同龄人心理健康问题的担忧，应用worry。hobby“爱好”，joke“玩笑”，argument“争论”，均不符。 7．句意：许多心理健康资源是为成人或更小的孩子准备的。 根据“kids”，是更小的孩子，应用younger。happier“更高兴的”，taller“更高的”，thinner“更瘦的”，均不符。 8．句意：她看到许多青少年感到孤独和悲伤。 lonely与sad是并列关系，用and连接。but“但是”，while“然而”，since“自从”，均不符。 9．句意：他们中的一些人太害羞而不敢寻求帮助。 根据“too... to ask for help.”，是指太害羞而不能寻求帮助，应用shy。heavy“沉重的”，noisy“吵闹的”，short“短的”，均不符。 10．句意：虽然它不能取代医生，但它可以配合医生一同发挥作用。 根据“mental health problems”，是指该应用不能代替医生，应用doctors。teachers“老师”，children“孩子”，parents“父母”，均不符。 11．句意：引导日记中的提示是为青少年设计的。 根据“something that was by a teen for teens”，是为青少年设计的，应用teens。workers“工人”，babies“婴儿”，cooks“厨师”，均不符。 12．句意：你如何在生活中以微小的方式利用它？ 此处指代前文提及的greatest interest，用it指代。her“她”，him“他”，them“他们”，均不符。 13．句意：还有鼓励的话语，包括“保持饥饿，保持愚蠢”。 根据“Stay hungry, stay foolish”，是指这些鼓励的话语包括“保持饥饿，保持愚蠢”，应用including。during“在……期间”，considering“考虑”，besides“此外”，均不符。 14．句意：Kumbala想创造一些由青少年为青少年设计的东西。 根据“something that was by a teen for teens”及前文介绍她开发的应用，是指创造一些由青少年为青少年设计的东西，应用create。buy“买”，watch“观看”，borrow“借”，均不符。 15．句意：她的应用赢得了2021年路易斯安那州第一区的国会应用挑战赛。 根据“the 2021 Congressional App Challenge”，是指赢得比赛，应用won。made“制作”，invented“发明”，found“找到”，均不符。 二、选词填空 A it, either, be, because, what, else, by，invent, clean, popular, habit, hundred There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 1 in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 2 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 3 their teeth with some small tree branches(树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might 4 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went 5 ， the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse­tail hair instead of pig hair 6 pig hair was too hard. Imagine travelling back to 7 of years ago and brushing your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 8 among local people soon. The 9 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper­making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good 10 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. 【答案】1．it 2．what 3．cleaned 4．be 5．by 6．because 7．hundreds 8．popular 9．invention 10．habit 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牙刷的起源、发展传播历史，讲述牙刷最早起源于中国并逐渐流传到欧洲，让现代人养成了刷牙的好习惯。 1．句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。前半句a small thing（单数物品），后文指代这个小东西，用代词“it”指代单数事物；put it in the bathroom表示“把它放在浴室”。故选it。 2．句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？固定搭配“guess what it is”表示“猜猜它是什么”；宾语从句缺连接词，表示“什么”用what。 3．句意：据一些研究表明，在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用小树枝清洁牙齿。后文宾语their teeth，搭配“clean one’s teeth”表示“刷牙”；时间状语before toothbrushes appeared（牙刷出现之前），属于过去时态，clean变过去式cleaned。 4． 句意：它可能是世界上最早的牙刷形式。情态动词might后必须跟动词原形；be the earliest form表示“是最早的雏形”，might be表示“可能是”。故选be。 5．句意：随着时间的流逝，牙刷的形式发生了变化。“as time goes/went by”是固定搭配，意为“随着时间的流逝”，故选by。 6．句意：比如，人们选择马尾毛代替猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前半句“用马尾毛代替猪毛”，后半句 “猪毛太硬”，后半句是原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。故选连词because。 7． 句意：试想回到数百年前，就能舒适地刷牙。 “hundreds of”是固定短语，意为“数以百计的，几百”，故选hundred的复数形式hundreds。 8．句意：它很快在当地人中流行起来。“became”（become的过去式）为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。become popular表示“流行、受欢迎”，符合牙刷传入欧洲后被当地人使用的语境。故选popular。 9．句意：牙刷这项发明不如造纸术出名，但它在日常生活中十分实用。固定结构“the+名词+of+事物”，意为“……的……”，空格位置必须填名词。后半句对比paper making（造纸术），造纸术是一项古代发明，the invention of toothbrushes“牙刷的发明”，完全贴合上下文历史介绍牙刷起源的主题。方框内invent需要变成名词invention。 10．句意：今天我们有良好的刷牙习惯。“have a good habit of doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“有做某事的好习惯”，故选habit。 B 从方框中选择合适的词/短语，并用其适当形式填空，每空限填一词/短语。 invent, invention, improve, widely, lead to, speed up, be supposed to, plastic, workshop, reality, gain, rapidly, rapid, company, hundreds of Great Inventions Around Us There are many great 11 in history. Great inventors 12 new things to change our life. Now new technology develops 13 . 14 factories and 15 make all kinds of daily goods. Workers in the 16 17 work hard every day. They 18 production and 19 their work speed. We 20 protect our environment. Don’t use too many 21 products, because they may 22 pollution. With the 23 development of technology, our dreams turn into 24 . We can 25 a better life from new inventions. 【答案】11．inventions 12．invent 13．rapidly 14．Hundreds of 15．companies 16．workshops 17．widely 18．improve 19．speed up 20．are supposed to 21．plastic 22．lead to 23．rapid 24．reality 25．gain 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕身边伟大发明展开，介绍发明家创造新事物、工厂企业生产商品，同时呼吁保护环境；讲述随着科技快速发展，梦想成为现实，人们从新发明中收获美好生活。 11．句意：历史上有许多伟大发明。“many great”后需要可数名词复数；invention意为发明，复数形式为inventions。方框内invent是动词不能直接作宾语，故填inventions。 12．句意：伟大的发明家创造新事物来改变我们的生活。本句客观阐述发明家的职能，使用一般现在时；主语inventors为复数，谓语动词用原形invent，表示“发明、创造”。 13．句意：如今新技术得到快速发展。动词develops需要副词修饰；rapid为形容词，意为“快速的”，副词形式为rapidly。 14．句意：数百家工厂和企业生产各式各样的日用品。hundreds of是固定短语，表示数以百计的，修饰可数名词复数；位于句首首字母大写，填Hundreds of。 15．句意：数百家工厂和企业生产各式各样的日用品。and前后并列factories，company意为“公司”，复数形式companies。 16．句意：车间里的工人们普遍每天都努力工作。workshop表示“作坊”，此处泛指多个作坊，使用复数形式workshops。 17．句意：车间里的工人们普遍每天都努力工作。此处结合语境是工人们广泛投入生产相关工作，用副词widely修饰后续动作，契合句子表意。 18．句意：他们提高产量并加快他们的工作速度。此处缺少谓语动词，improve“提高”，句子为一般现在时，此处表示提高产量，主语为复数，动词用原形，符合语境。 19．句意：他们提高产量并加快他们的工作速度。speed up their work speed意为“加快工作速度”，and连接并列结构，需使用动词原形。 20．句意：我们应当保护我们的环境。be supposed to表示“应当”；主语we，be动词选用are，填are supposed to。 21．句意：不要过多使用塑料制品。空格修饰名词products，需要形容词；plastic作形容词，意为“塑料的”，plastic products表示“塑料制品”。 22．句意：因为它们可能造成污染。may是情态动词，后接动词原形；lead to为固定短语，意为“导致、引发”，契合塑料带来污染的语境。 23．句意：随着科技的快速发展。名词development前需要形容词修饰；rapid是形容词，表示“迅速的”，the rapid development表示“飞速发展”，应填rapid。 24．句意：我们的梦想成为现实。固定搭配turn into reality，意为“变成现实”，reality作名词，表示“现实”。 25．句意：我们能够从新发明中收获更美好的生活。can为情态动词，后面接动词原形；gain表示“获得、收获”，符合句意。 $