Unit One 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）六年级英语暑假自学课（北京版·新教材）

北京版新六年级暑期自学课 Unit One A Wonderful Summer Vacation 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 语法点拨：一般过去时 （一）概念及结构 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。句型结构为：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 （二）用法 · 表示过去某一时间发生的动作。 例：My father got home at 8 o'clock last night.我爸爸昨晚八点到的家。 · 表示过去某一时间存在的状态。 例：He was very busy last week. 上周他很忙。 · 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与 always（总是）、usually（通常）、never（从不）、often（经常）等连用。 例：I often played football last year. 去年我经常踢足球。 · 表示主语过去的特征和性格。 例：He was short and thin when he was six years old. 六岁时，他又矮又瘦。 · 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。 例：Lu Xun wrote a lot of novels. 鲁迅写了很多部小说。 （二）结构： 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+be(was/were)+其它 主语+动词过去式+其它 I went to Wuhan last month. 我上个月去了武汉。 否定句 主语+be(was/were)+not+其它 主语+did not(didn’t)+动词过去式+其它 I didn’t go to Wuhan last month. 我上个月没去过武汉。 一般疑问句 Be(Was/Were)+主语+其它 Did+主语+动词原形+其它 Did you go to Wuhan last month? 上个月你去过武汉吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be动词(was/were)+主语(+其他)? 特殊疑问词+did+主语+系动词的动词原形(+其他)? Where were they an hour ago?他们一小时前在哪里? How did she feel?她感觉怎么样? （三）常与一般过去时连用的时间状语： yesterday 昨天 last night 昨晚 last weekend 上周末 last Monday 上周一 the day before yesterday 前天 last week 上周 last month 上个月 last year 去年 two days ago 两天前 once upon a time 从前 long long ago 很久很久以前 （四）动词过去式的变化规则 ①一般情况下，直接加ed work→worked look→looked walk→walked ②以e结尾的单词，直接加d live →lived hope→hoped use→used ③以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed study→studied carry→carried ④以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed enjoy →enjoyed play→played ⑤以重读、一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节结尾的动词，双写最后的辅音字母+ed stop→stopped plan→planned 口诀技巧 一般动词加 ed，e 结尾只加 d。辅音加 y 要小心，y 变 i 再加 ed。 重读闭音节要注意，末尾辅音要双写！不规则变化特殊记，多读多练别忘记。 知识演练一 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．I (watch) TV with my family last night. It was fun. 2．We (have) a good time at the party yesterday. 3．Last Sunday, I (go) to the zoo with my family. 4．I (take) some photos in the park last weekend. 5．My grandma (tell) a funny story last night. 6．I (visit) my uncle last Saturday. 7．How (be) your summer vacation? 8．Last year, he (play) basketball. 9．People (walk) to work before. 10．She (water) the vegetables on her uncle’s farm last summer vacation. 二、句型转换。 11．They went to Dalian by plane. (改为一般疑问句) __________ they __________ to Dalian by plane? 12．Sarah played ping-pong with Mike last Sunday. (对画线部分提问) __________ did Sarah __________ last Sunday? 13．Did you travel this summer vacation? (作肯定回答) __________, I __________. 14．My mother watched TV at home yesterday. (改为否定句) My mother __________ __________ TV at home yesterday. 15．I went fishing last Saturday. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ you __________ last Saturday? 语法易错02 语法点拨：特殊疑问词How、When、What、Where 一、基础分类 疑问词 中文含义 例句 What 什么 What did you do there? 你在那里做了什么？ Where 哪里 Where did you go? 你去哪里了？ When 什么时候 When did you work there? 你什么时候在那里工作的？ How 怎样、如何 How did you get there? 你是怎么到那里的？ How was your summer vacation? 你的暑假过得怎么样？ 二、详解详析： 1. What 什么 用法❶：提问物品 / 事物 结构：What + be 动词 / 助动词 + 主语？ What is this? 这是什么？ What do you like? 你喜欢什么？ 用法❷：提问动作、做什么 What are you doing? 你正在做什么？ 常用搭配：what time 几点；what colour 什么颜色；what class 哪个班 2. Where 哪里 用法：只针对地点提问 句型：Where + be / 助动词 + 主语？ Where are you? 你在哪里？ Where do you live? 你住在哪里？ 3. When 什么时候 用法：提问大范围时间（年、月、日、早上 / 下午） When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？ When do you get up? 你什么时候起床？ 4. How 怎样；如何 ① 提问方式（怎么做、乘坐什么） How do you go to school? 你怎样去上学？ ② 提问感受 / 状态 How are you? 你好吗？ ③ 搭配词组（高频） how old 多大；how many 多少（可数）；how much 多少（不可数 / 价格）；how long 多久 / 多长 知识演练二 一、选词填空。 What     How     Who     When     Where 1．— did you go last Sunday? —I went to Suzhou. 2．— took this photo of the moon? —My dad did. 3．— did you arrive at the party? —I arrived at six o’ clock in the evening. 4．— did you go to London? —I went to London by plane. 5．— did you see on the mountain? —I saw a panda. It was eating. 二、【新考法·表文互换】根据下列表格，判断句子正(T)误(F)。 Who When Where How What Mike Last Sunday the Great Wall by bus took photos Baobao Last Saturday Beidaihe by train swam in the sea Lingling Last Friday supermarket by car bought lots of food Yangyang Last Saturday zoo by bike saw lots of animals Sara Last Sunday park on foot saw beautiful flowers ( ) 6．Mike went to the Great Wall by car. ( ) 7．Last Saturday, Baobao went swimming in the sea. ( ) 8．Last Sunday, Lingling bought a lot of food. ( ) 9．Last Saturday, Yangyang saw many pandas and tigers. ( ) 10．Sara walked to the park. 重难点特训 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．—_______ did you go there? — By plane. A．What B．When C．How ( ) 2．—_______ you _______ walk your dog last evening?          —Yes, I did. A．Did; do B．Do; do C．are; doing ( ) 3．They _______ yesterday. A．play on the grass B．plays on the grass C．played on the grass ( ) 4．—_______ did you go last National Day holiday? —I _______ to Taipei with my family. A．What; went B．Where; went C．Where; goes ( ) 5．I played games with my friends _______. A．now B．yesterday C．next week ( ) 6．—Did you go to the National Library of China last Sunday? —_______. I read some storybooks there. A．Yes, I do B．No, I didn’t C．Yes, I did ( ) 7．Last summer holiday, we _______ to Sanya with my parents. A．go B．went C．going ( ) 8．_______ you go to the museum with your father yesterday? A．Did B．Do C．Does ( ) 9．—_______ you go to the park last Saturday? —No, but I _______ there next week. A．Are; am going B．Do; going C．Did; will go ( ) 10．—What did you do last weekend? —_______ A．I see a film. B．I saw a film. C．He saw a film. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．I __________ (visit) my grandparents last summer vacation. 2． —Where did you go yesterday? —I __________ (go) to the beach. 3．She __________ (take) many nice photos during her trip last month. 4．My father __________ __________ (not go) to Beijing last week. 5．—What __________ you __________ (do) last holiday? —I swam in the sea. 三、连词成句。 1．play, did, last, you, football, Saturday (?) _______________________________________________ 2．went, we, to, by, Beijing, summer, plane, last, holiday (.) _______________________________________________ 3．did, last, you, go, Saturday, Where (?) _______________________________________________ 4．you, your, Did, winter, enjoy, holidays (?) _______________________________________________ 5．weekend, how, your, was (?) _______________________________________________ 四、句型转换。 1．Did you go to Hulunbuir Grassland last summer holiday? (作否定回答) _______________________________________________ 2．I went to the park last year. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________ 3．Did they work on the farm long ago? (改为肯定句) _______________________________________________ 4．They went to Xinjiang last summer holiday. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________ 5．My summer vacation was wonderful. (对画线部分提问) _______________________________________________ 五、【新趋势·新情境】根据情景完成对话，其中有一个为多余选项。 A．Did you go there by plane? B．How was your holiday? C．How did you go there? D．Did you visit Zhongyang Street in Harbin? E．How long did it take you to get there? F．Can I see your pictures sometime? (Jessie and Emily are talking about their summer vacation.) Jessie: 1. Emily: It was great. I went to Harbin with my friends. Jessie: Harbin is far from Guangzhou. 2. Emily: No. We went there by train. Jessie: It’s a long way. 3. Emily: Oh, it took us about 33 hours to get there. Jessie: 4. Emily: Yes, we visited Zhongyang Street in Harbin on the second day, I took lots of pictures there. Jessie: 5. Emily: Of course. 六、阅读故事，选择正确的选项。 A Great Vacation Hi, my name is Ben. Last summer I had a great vacation. I went across the USA with my parents by car. We drove six to eight hours a day. In big cities, we stayed in big hotels. The food was usually delicious. Most of the hotels had swimming pools and game rooms. I played there happily. But there were lots of people in hotels, so we often had to sleep in one room. And it was expensive, too. Sometimes we stayed in a small cabin in the mountains. I really loved it. The cabin was clean and quiet. We had rooms so I could get up late in the morning. But I always got up early because we wanted to go swimming. There was a beautiful lake near the cabin. We also went fishing and cooked food outside. 生词本  cabin 小木屋  across穿过  hour小时 ( ) 1．Ben went across the USA with his parents ________ A．by bus B．by car C．by bike ( ) 2．They drove ________ a day. A．twelve hours B．five hours C．six to eight hours ( ) 3．The cabin was ________ A．clean and quiet B．big and beautiful C．small and dirty ( ) 4．Ben always got up early because ________ A．he wanted to study B．he wanted to go swimming C．he went to bed early ( ) 5．Which description (描述) of the hotels in the USA is NOT correct? A．Most of the hotels had swimming pools and game rooms. B．There were lots of people in hotels. C．The hotels were not so expensive. 七、阅读判断，判断句子正误，正确的写T，错误的写F。 My parents, my younger sister Lily and I went to Uncle Bill’s farm last summer vacation. We saw lots of animals on the farm, such as horses, goats, sheep and cows. There was a lake behind the farm. Lily and I went swimming in the lake. Uncle Bill and Dad went fishing there. Mum helped Aunt Cathy feed the animals. My cousin Peter told me how to ride a horse. We really enjoyed the vacation on the farm. My father is going to take us there again this summer vacation. I can’t wait！ ( ) 1．There are many horses, goats, cows and sheep on the farm. ( ) 2．I am younger than Lily. ( ) 3．My Dad went swimming with Uncle Bill. ( ) 4．I rode a horse on the farm. ( ) 5．My family were very happy on the farm. 参考答案 知识演练一： 1．watched 2．had 3．went 4．took 5．told 6．visited 7．was 8．played 9．walked 10．watered 11．Did；go 12．What；do 13．Yes；did 14．didn’t；watch 15．What；did；do 知识演练二： 1．Where 2．Who 3．When 4．How 5．What 6．F 7．T 8．F 9．F 10．T 重难点特训： 一、单项选择。 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．visited 2．went 3．took 4．didn’t;go 5．did;do 三、连词成句。 1．Did you play football last Saturday? 2．We went to Beijing by plane last summer holiday. 3．Where did you go last Saturday? 4．Did you enjoy your winter holidays? 5．How was your weekend? 四、句型转换。 1．No, I didn’t. 2．I didn’t go to the park last year. 3．They worked on the farm long ago. 4．Where did they go last summer holiday? 5．How was your summer vacation? 五、【新趋势·新情境】根据情景完成对话，其中有一个为多余选项。 1．B 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．F 六、阅读故事，选择正确的选项。 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 七、阅读判断，判断句子正误，正确的写T，错误的写F。 1．T 2．F 3．F 4．F 5．T 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $