内容正文:
2027版山西省(职教高考)
《英语学科一轮讲练测》
第3个专题 非谓语动词
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警
02 体系构建·思维可视
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚
04 真题溯源·考向感知
01 考情解码·命题预警
【复习目标】
《山西省中等职业学校学生对口升学考试英语考试大纲(试行)》要求:理解非谓语动词的形式和意义并正确使用:1.理解非谓语动词的定义、分类和形式;2.掌握非谓语动词的句法作用;3.掌握非谓语动词的时态、语态和否定形式;4.重点掌握不定式和动名词作主语、宾语的的不同;不定式和动名词的特殊句型;现在分词和过去分词的区别。
02 体系构建·思维可视
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚
【考点1 不定式】
一、不定式的构成:
语态 一般式 进行式 完成式
主动 to do to be doing to have done
被动 to be done to have been done
二、不定式的句法作用:
成分 用法 例句
作主语 不定式作主语表示具体、一次性、将来要做的动作,谓语动词统一用单数;主语过长时,固定用it作形式主语,不定式后置。 1:To help others is very important. 帮助他人十分重要。2:It is important to help others.(it形式主语,真正主语为to help others)
作宾语 绝大多数意愿类、计划类、决定类及物动词后,固定接to do作宾语,不接doing。常见动词:want、hope、wish、decide、plan、agree、refuse、promise、learn、manage、afford、choose She decides to visit her grandparents this weekend. 她决定这周末看望祖父母。
作表语 放在系动词be之后,解释主语的具体内容、目标、计划。 My dream is to be an English teacher. 我的梦想是成为一名英语老师。
作定语 修饰前方名词,放名词后方,表“将要去做、有待完成”的动作 I have much homework to finish tonight. 我今晚有很多要完成的作业。
作状语 ① 目的状语:译为“为了……”,可放句首/句末 He gets up early to catch the early bus. 他早起为了赶上早班车。
② 结果状语:侧重意外、顺理成章的结果 He grew up to be a famous doctor. 他长大后成为了一名名医。
作宾语补足语 补充说明宾语要执行的动作,结构:主语+谓语+宾语+to do常见动词:tell、ask、want、allow、invite、warn、encourage My parents ask me to keep healthy every day. 父母要求我每天保持健康。
省略to不定式 口诀:一感二听三让四看半帮助单词:feel;hear、listen to;let、make、have;see、watch、notice;help主动语态:宾语后直接加动词原形;被动语态:必须还原to 1:The boss makes workers work long hours. 老板让工人们长时间工作。2:Workers are made to work long hours. 工人们被迫长时间工作。
三、不定式的特殊句型:
句型 例句
too + 形容词/副词 + to do 太……而不能做某事(否定含义)形容词/副词 + enough + to do 足够……可以做某事 The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩太小,不能上学。She is old enough to dress herself. 她年龄足够大,可以自己穿衣服。
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事 It takes me forty minutes to go to school every day. 我每天上学花费四十分钟。
have sth. to do 有某事要去做 I have a lot of homework to do this evening. 今晚我有很多作业要做。
so as to do sth. 为了 / 以便做某事(表目的,多用于句中 He got up early so as to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上首班公交车。
in order to do sth. 为了做某事(表目的,可置于句首或句中,语气更正式) She was so kind as to help me with my lessons. 她心地善良,主动帮我补习功课。
only to do sth. 结果却……(表出乎意料、令人意外的结果) He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站,结果却发现火车已经开走了。
四、不定式的否定形式:
核心规则:not 加在不定式符号to的前方,固定结构:not to do,绝不改动动词原形
例:1.He decides not to go out tonight. 他决定今晚不外出。
2.The teacher tells us not to fight with classmates. 老师告诉我们不要和同学打闹。
五、疑问词+不定式结构:
结构 句法功能 例句
疑问代词/疑问副词(what/when/where/how/which/who) + to do 等同于宾语从句,简化从句句式。 1:I don’t know what to do. = I don’t know what I should do. 我不知道该做什么。2:Can you tell me how to use the machine? 你能告诉我如何使用这台机器吗?
why 不可以用于该结构,无why to do用法。
六、不定式的复合结构:
结构 介词区分 例句
It is + 形容词 + for/of sb. + to do sth. ① for sb.:形容词修饰事情、行为,表难易、重要、必要;形容词:easy、hard、important、dangerous、useful It is difficult for me to finish the task. 完成这项任务对我来说很难。
② of sb.:形容词修饰人的品质、性格;形容词:kind、nice、clever、foolish、careful It is kind of you to help me. 你帮助我,你人真好。
1. ______ is really important ______ everyone to follow the school rules.
A. It; for B. That; for C. It; of D. This; of
【答案】A
【详解】考查不定式复合结构。句意:遵守校规对每个人来说都十分重要。形容词important用来描述事情,套用句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.,句中用it作形式主语。故选A。
【即时训练】
2. My mother often tells me ______ too much time playing computer games.
A. don't spend B. not spend
C. to not spend D. not to spend
【答案】D
【详解】考查不定式的否定形式。句意:妈妈经常告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.,不定式否定形式为not to do。故选D。
3. The little girl is young ______ go to school by herself.
A. enough to B. too to C. so to D. such to
【答案】B
【详解】考查不定式特殊句型。句意:这个小女孩年纪太小,不能独自去上学。too + 形容词 + to do sth. 表示“太……而不能做某事”。故选B。
4. I have a lot of things ______ this weekend, so I can't go out with you.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
【答案】B
【详解】考查不定式作后置定语。句意:这周末我有很多事要做,所以不能和你出去。固定结构have sth. to do,表示“有某事要做”,不定式修饰前面名词。故选B。
5. The boss made the workers ______ ten hours a day. And the workers ______ to work overtime every day.
A. work; made B. to work; were made C. work; were made D. to work; made
【答案】C
【详解】考查省略to的不定式及被动用法。句意:老板让工人们一天工作十小时,工人们每天都被迫加班。主动语态中make后接动词原形作宾补;被动语态时要还原不定式符号to。故选C。
6. —Could you tell me ______ use this new dictionary?
—Sure. Let me show you.
A. how to B. what to C. when to D. where to
【答案】A
【详解】考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意:——你能告诉我如何使用这本新词典吗?——当然,我演示给你看。根据答语可知此处询问方式,用how to do结构。故选A。
7. He ran as fast as he could ______ catch the last bus, but he failed.
A. so as to B. only to C. enough to D. so that
【答案】A
【详解】考查不定式表目的。句意:他拼尽全力奔跑,只为赶上末班车,但最后还是失败了。so as to do sth. 意为“为了、以便”,用来表动作目的。故选A。
8. It takes me about half an hour ______ to my school every morning.
A. walk B. walking C. to walk D. walked
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:我每天早上步行去上学大约需要半小时。套用句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.,句中要用动词不定式。故选C。
9. Her dream ______ a famous singer in the future.
A. is become B. is to become C. to become D. become
【答案】B
【详解】考查不定式作表语。句意:她的梦想是将来成为一名著名的歌手。be动词后可用不定式作表语,用来解释主语的具体内容。故选B。
10. ______ keep healthy, many people take exercise every morning.
A. So as to B. Too to C. Only to D. In order to
【答案】D
【详解】考查不定式表目的。句意:为了保持健康,很多人每天早上锻炼身体。in order to do sth. 可置于句首表目的;so as to 一般不用于句首。故选D。
【考点2 动名词】
一、动名词的构成及变化规则:
(1)动名词的构成
语态 一般式 完成式
主动 doing having done
被动 being done having been done
(2)变化规则
构成方式 例词
一般情况:直接在动词原形后加 -ing work(工作)→ working;play(玩耍)→ playingread(阅读)→ reading;sing(唱歌)→ singing
以不发音的字母 e 结尾:去 e 再加 -ing write(写)→ writing ;take(拿走)→ takingmake(制作)→ making;leave(离开)→ leaving
重读闭音节动词:双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -ing run(跑)→ running;sit(坐)→ sittingswim(游泳)→ swimming;stop(停止)→ stopping
以字母组合 ie 结尾:变 ie 为 y,再加 -ing lie(躺;说谎)→ lying;die(死亡)→ dyingtie(系,捆)→ tying
以辅音字母 + y 结尾:直接加 -ing(不变 y) study(学习)→ studying;carry(搬运)→ carryingworry(担心)→ worrying;fly(飞)→ flying
二、动名词的句法作用:
成分 用法 例句
作主语 表长期爱好、抽象行为,谓语动词用单数;可使用it作形式主语。 1:Reading books is a good habit. 读书是一个好习惯。2:It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
作宾语 ① 特定及物动词后固定接动名词,不接不定式:enjoy、finish、practice、mind、suggest、keep、avoid、miss、imagine She enjoys listening to light music. 她喜欢听轻音乐。
② 所有介词后方,一律固定接动名词高频短语:look forward to、be good at、give up、be interested in、spend time (in) doing I look forward to meeting you soon. 我期待很快见到你。
作表语 解释主语内容,表长期爱好、职业、日常工作。 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。
作定语 修饰名词,表名词用途、功能,不表动作状态。 a swimming pool 游泳池(用来游泳的池子);a reading room 阅览室
三、动名词否定结构:
核心规则:not 直接放在动名词doing前方,结构:not doing
例1:Would you mind not opening the window? 你介意不要开窗吗?
2:He regrets not studying hard before. 他后悔从前没有努力学习。
四、动名词的复合结构:
结构 用法 例句
形容词性物主代词/名词所有格 + doing(动名词逻辑主语) 动作不属于句子主语,属于复合结构中的逻辑主语 1:Your coming makes me happy. 你的到来让我很开心。(coming逻辑主语是you)2:Tom’s being late made the teacher angry. 汤姆迟到让老师很生气。
11. —Would you mind ______ loudly in the quiet library?
—Of course not. I will keep quiet.
A. not talk B. not talking C. don’t talk D. to not talk
【答案】B
【详解】考查动名词否定结构。句意:——你介意不在安静的图书馆大声喧哗吗?——当然不介意,我会保持安静。mind后固定接动名词;动名词否定规则:not置于doing前,构成not doing,故选B。
【即时训练】
12. —What makes your English teacher angry?
—______ late again makes her upset.
A. Jack being B. Jack’s being C. Jack is D. Jack was
【答案】B
【详解】考查动名词复合结构。句意:——什么让你的英语老师生气?——杰克再次迟到让她很心烦。名词所有格+doing构成动名词复合结构,整体作句子主语,故选B。
13. —Why do you look so happy?
—I look forward to ______ my best friend this weekend.
A. meeting B. meet C. to meet D. met
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词后必接动名词。句意:——你为什么看起来这么开心?——我期待这周末见到我最好的朋友。look forward to中to是介词,并非不定式符号,介词后必须加动名词doing,故选A。
14. —Do you often relax on weekends?
—Yes, ______ music is my favourite way to relax.
A. Listening to B. Listen to C. To listening D. Listened
【答案】A
【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意:——你周末经常放松吗?——是的,听音乐是我最喜欢的放松方式。动名词表长期、抽象爱好,作句子主语,谓语动词用单数,故选A。
15. —What did the doctor advise you?
—He told me ______ smoking at once.
A. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. gave up
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定短语+动名词搭配辨析。句意:——医生给了你什么建议?——他让我立刻戒烟。give up为介词短语,up后接动名词,搭配advise sb. to do、give up doing双重考点,故选B。
16. —Why don’t you finish ______ homework first?
—OK, I will do it right now.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定动词后专接动名词。句意:——你为什么不先写完作业?——好的,我马上做。finish后只能接动名词作宾语,不接不定式,故选B。
17. —What is your brother’s hobby?
—His hobby is ______ different kinds of model cars.
A. collecting B. collect C. to collecting D. collected
【答案】A
【详解】考查动名词作表语。句意:——你弟弟的爱好是什么?——他的爱好是收集各类汽车模型。动名词置于be动词后作表语,解释主语爱好、日常内容,故选A。
18. —What’s that room used for?
—It’s a ______ room for students.
A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied
【答案】B
【详解】考查动名词作定语。句意:——那个房间是用来做什么的?——它是学生自习室。动名词作定语修饰名词,表物品用途、功能,studying room自习室,故选B。
19. —He feels very regretful now.
—Yes, he regrets ______ hard when he was young.
A. not studying B. not to study C. to not study D. don’t study
【答案】A
【详解】考查动名词否定+易混词组辨析。句意:——他现在十分懊悔。——是的,他后悔年少时没有努力学习。regret doing后悔做过某事;动名词否定为not doing,区别于不定式否定,故选A。
20. —Is it useless ______ with him?
—Yes, he won’t change his mind.
A. argue B. arguing C. to argue D. argued
【答案】B
【详解】考查动名词形式主语固定句型。句意:——和他争论没有用处吗?——是的,他不会改变主意。固定句型It is no use/useless doing sth.,it作形式主语,动名词为真正主语,故选B。
【考点3 分词】
一、现在分词和过去分词的核心区别:
分词 核心属性 例句
现在分词(doing) 逻辑上,名词 / 主语主动发出这个动作。 The girl singing in the classroom is my classmate. 正在教室里唱歌的那个女孩是我的同学。(女孩主动唱歌,主动关系)
强调动作此时此刻、现阶段正在发生。 I saw a group of children playing on the playground. 我看见一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。(玩耍的动作正在进行)
现在分词转化的形容词(doing)修饰事物,说明事物本身的特点、属性,含义为“令人…… 的”。 常用词汇:interesting(令人有趣的)、exciting(令人兴奋的)、surprising(令人惊讶的)、moving(令人感动的)、tiring(令人疲惫的)、boring(令人无聊的 1:This is an interesting story. 这是一个有趣的故事。(修饰事物 story,故事本身让人觉得有趣)2:The football match is really exciting. 这场足球比赛真的令人热血沸腾。(修饰赛事,赛事本身很精彩)
过去分词(done) 逻辑上,名词 / 主语被动承受这个动作。 The letter written by my father is on the desk. 爸爸写的信在桌子上。(信是 “被写”,被动关系)
强调动作早已结束,只保留最终结果或状态。 We moved into the newly painted house. 我们搬进了刚粉刷好的房子。(粉刷动作已完成)
过去分词转化的形容词(done)修饰人,描述人内心产生的感受、情绪,含义为 “(人)感到…… 的 ”。 常用词汇:interested(感到有趣的)、excited(感到兴奋的)、surprised(感到惊讶的)、moved(感到感动的)、tired(感到疲惫的)、bored(感到无聊的) 1:I am interested in science books. 我对科普书籍感兴趣。(修饰人 I,指人内心的感受)2:All the students felt excited when they heard the news. 听到这个消息,所有学生都感到很兴奋。
二、分词的句法作用:
成分 用法 例句
作定语 现在分词定语:主动、进行 The running girl is my sister. 正在奔跑的女孩是我妹妹。
过去分词定语:被动、完成 The used book is cheap. 这本二手书很便宜。
作状语(伴随、原因、时间状语等) 现在分词伴随状语:主语主动发出动作 He sat there, reading a novel. 他坐在那里,读着小说。
过去分词状语:主语承受被动动作 Faced with problems, we never give up. 面对困难,我们永不放弃。
作宾语补足语 现在分词宾补:看见动作正在发生 I saw him entering the room. 我看见他正要走进房间。
过去分词宾补:宾语承受被动动作 I find the door locked. 我发现门被锁住了。
作表语 现在分词表事物特征 Traveling is interesting but tiring.
过去分词表人物情绪、物品状态 The supermarket is now closed.
三、分词的否定结构:
统一规则:not 直接置于分词最前方
1. 现在分词否定:not doing
例:Not knowing the answer, he kept silent. 因为不知道答案,他保持沉默。
2. 过去分词否定:not done
例:Not invited to the party, she stayed at home. 没有被邀请参加派对,她待在了家里。
四、分词的独立主格结构:
定义 结构 用法 例句
分词自带独立逻辑主语,和句子主句主语不一致,构成独立主格,不作主句句子成分。 名词/代词 + 现在分词/过去分词 名词和分词主动关系→用doing The rain stopping, we went out for a walk. 雨停了,我们出门散步。(rain是stop独立主语)
名词和分词被动/完成关系→用done The homework finished, he went to bed. 作业写完后,他上床睡觉。(homework被完成)
21. The story is so ______ that all the children are ______ in it.
A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting
C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested
【答案】A
【详解】考查分词转化形容词用法。句意:这个故事十分有趣,所有孩子都对它感兴趣。现在分词interesting修饰事物,表“令人有趣的”;过去分词interested修饰人,表“感到感兴趣的”。故选A。
【即时训练】
22. There is a young man ______ under the big tree. He is having a rest.
A. sit B. sitting C. sat D. to sit
【答案】B
【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:大树下坐着一位年轻人,他正在休息。man与sit为主动关系,现在分词表动作正在进行。故选B。
23. The toys ______ by hand look very lovely.
A. make B. making C. made D. makes
【答案】C
【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意:手工制作的这些玩具看起来十分可爱。toys和make是被动关系,过去分词表被动与动作完成。故选C。
24. ______ much time, I couldn't finish the work on time.
A. Not having B. Not had C. Not to have D. Not have
【答案】A
【详解】考查现在分词的否定形式。句意:因为没有太多时间,我没能按时完成工作。主语I与have为主动关系,分词否定形式为not doing。故选A。
25. ______ by the beautiful scenery, we stopped to take photos.
A. Attract B. Attracting C. Attracted D. To attract
【答案】C
【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意:被美丽的景色吸引,我们停下来拍照。主语we与attract是被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语。故选C。
26. When I walked past the shop, I heard someone ______ loudly inside.
A. shout B. shouting C. shouted D. to shout
【答案】B
【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意:我路过商店时,听见里面有人正在大声叫喊。现在分词作宾补,强调动作正在发生。故选B。
27. She found her new bike ______ when she went out of the classroom.
A. lose B. losing C. lost D. loses
【答案】C
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:她走出教室时,发现自己的新自行车不见了。bike与lose为被动关系,过去分词表被动状态。故选C。
28. I felt ______ after watching that ______ movie.
A. tired; tiring B. tiring; tired
C. tired; tired D. tiring; tiring
【答案】A
【详解】考查分词形容词辨析。句意:看完那部令人乏味的电影后,我感觉很累。tiring修饰事物,意为“令人疲惫的”;tired修饰人,意为“感到疲惫的”。故选A。
29. ______ for the meeting, most of the workers stayed in the office.
A. Not prepare B. Not preparing
C. Not prepared D. Not to prepare
29. ______ for the meeting, most of the workers stayed in the office.
A. Not prepare B. Not preparing C. Not prepared D. Not to prepare
30. The rain ______, we decided to go for a picnic outside.
A. stopping B. stopped C. stop D. to stop
【答案】A
【详解】考查分词独立主格结构。句意:雨停了,我们决定外出野餐。rain和stop是主动关系,独立主格结构中使用现在分词。故选A。
04 真题溯源·考向感知
31.(2026年山西对口升学)It’s too hot in the classroom. Would you mind my ________ the window?
A. opening B. open
C. to open D. opened
【答案】A
【详解】句意:教室里太热了。你介意我打开窗户吗?
固定搭配 mind doing sth. 意为“介意做某事”,其动名词的逻辑主语可以用形容词性物主代词表示,构成 mind one’s doing sth. 句型,意为“介意某人做某事”。
32.(2026年山西对口升学)He prefers ________ at home rather than ________ to the library.
A. to stay; to go B. stay; go C. to stay; go D. stay; to go
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他宁愿待在家里也不愿去图书馆。
prefer to do sth rather than do sth意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,第一个空填to stay,第二个空填go。
33.(2026年山西对口升学)Lucy used to ________ basketball, but now she likes playing baseball.
A. play B. playing
C. played D. be played
【答案】A
【详解】句意:露西过去常常打篮球,但现在她喜欢打棒球。
used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”,这是个固定用法。
34.(2026年山西对口升学)Don’t forget ________ off the light when you go out
A. turn B. turning
C. to turn D. is turning
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当你出去的时候,别忘了关灯。
根据句意,是提醒对方出去时不要忘记去关灯,关灯的动作尚未发生,用法为forget to do sth意为“忘记要做某事”,使用动词不定式to turn。
35.(2026年山西对口升学)It’s no use ________ about the past, we need to move forward.
A. to talk B. talking
C. to talking D. talks
【答案】B
【详解】句意:谈论过去是没有用的,我们需要向前看。
“It is no use doing sth.”为固定句型,意为“做某事是没有用的”,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。
36. (2025山西对口升学)The retired professor enjoys ______ photos. He takes his camera with him wherever he goes.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这位退休的教授喜欢拍照。无论去哪里,他都要带上他的相机。本题考查 enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”。故选C。
37.(2025山西对口升学) The fireman had no choice but ______ the door.
A. to break B. break
C. broke D. broken
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这个消防员别无选择,只能破门。本题考查固定搭配 have no choice but to do sth.,意为“除了做……别无选择,只能做某事”,but 后接不定式 to do。故选A。
38. (2025山西对口升学)Tom wanted to choose a right place ______ during his holiday.
A. to visit B. visiting C. visited D. visits
【答案】A
【解析】句意:汤姆想在假期选择一个合适的地方去游览。不定式 to visit 作后置定语,修饰名词 place,表示“要参观的地方”。故选A。
39.(2023山西对口升学)I’d like ______ some bananas and oranges.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我想买一些香蕉和橙子。此题考查不定式的固定短语 would like to do sth.。故选C。
40. (2023山西对口升学)The president arrived, ______ by his personal bodyguard.
A. is followed B. followed
C. follow D. following
【答案】B
【解析】句意:总统到了,后面跟着他的私人保镖。句中已有谓语动词arrived,空白处应用非谓语动词作状语,The president和follow(跟随)之间为被动关系,用过去分词。
41. (2022山西对口升学)Do not leave your friend ______ there.
A. stand B. standing
C. to stand D. stood
【答案】B
【解析】句意:不要让你的朋友一直站在那里。现在分词作宾语补足语,leave sb./sth. doing 表示“使/让……处于……状态”,宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系。
42. (2022山西对口升学)They do not know how ______ the machine.
A. used B. use C. to use D. be used
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们不知道如何使用这台机器。此题考查“疑问词+不定式”结构,此处 how to do 作宾语。故选C。
43. (2021山西对口升学)We regret ______ you that your application has not been successful.
A. informing B. to inform
C. having informed D. informed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们遗憾地通知你,你的申请没有成功。此题考查动词后接 to do 作宾语。
regret to do sth. 表示“遗憾地去做某事”(通常用于告知坏消息); regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做了某事”。故选B。
44. (2021山西对口升学)“I don’t agree,” she said, ______ at the strength in her own voice.
A. surprised B. surprising
C. to be surprising D. to be surprised
【答案】A
【解析】句意:“我不同意”,她说,对自己的声音如此响亮有力而感到惊讶。surprise“使惊讶”,此处用它的过去分词形式surprised表示主语she的感受。
45.(2021山西对口升学) ______ more time, I could have a better score.
A. Give B. To give
C. Given D. Having given
【答案】C
【解析】句意:再多给点时间的话,我本可以取得更好的成绩。I与give之间是逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词形式表示被动。
46. (2021山西对口升学)He spent more time ______ his dance instead of gym work.
A. to perfect B. perfecting
C. perfect D. perfected
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他花费了更多的时间完善他的舞蹈而不是健身训练。此题考查动名词作介词的宾语,spend+时间+(in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”。
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