必修第一册 Unit 1 A new start（word练习）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习课时作业（外研版）

**基本信息** 以“人与社会”“人与自我”为主题，整合不同文体语篇理解与语言知识应用，系统覆盖一轮复习核心题型，体现语言能力与文化意识的融合。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|1篇（河北高三联考）|记叙文，含细节理解、推理判断|通过教师故事展现教育价值，强化文本信息提取与逻辑分析能力| |阅读理解B|1篇（湖北黄冈一模）|新闻报道，含主旨归纳、人物特征分析|聚焦成人学习者职业发展，关联社会现实，提升跨文化理解| |阅读七选五|1篇（山东泰安二模）|说明文，考查篇章结构衔接|围绕高三学习压力管理，整合时间规划与身心调节策略，培养思维系统性| |语法填空|1篇（福建厦门二模）|新闻报道，涉及语法知识应用|以中印尼职业教育合作为背景，融合词汇、语法与文化意识，巩固语言知识综合运用|

必修第一册 Unit 1　A new start ●ⅠA 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名教师杰米·埃斯卡兰特如何激励学生挑战数学、突破自我,并坚持教育信念的感人故事。 1.C　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“…when Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus (微积分) and advanced maths at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it’s a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics.”可推知,埃斯卡兰特的同事们觉得在这样的学校教微积分和高等数学是不切实际的,认为他的计划不现实。故选C。 2.A　细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight.”以及第六段“‘The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics,’ Escalante said. ‘They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school. They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.’”可知,电影淡化了学生们付出的努力。故选A。 3.D　词义猜测题。根据第七段“Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it. In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part because he was tired of the run-ins with those parents and his fellow teachers.”可推断这里的run-ins指的是严重的分歧或争论。故选D。 4.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere,’ he said. ‘You can’t be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.’”以及最后一段“That’s what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher.”可知,杰米·埃斯卡兰特是一位伟大的老师,因为他看到每个学生的潜力。故选B。 B 【文章大意】 本文是新闻报道。文章通过两位职场人士重返校园攻读硕士的经历,强调了在快速变化的时代中,持续更新知识的重要性。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Both plan to strengthen their professional skills with master’s degrees from XJTLU’s International Business School Suzhou.”可知,Azimidizaj和Qian计划在西交利物浦大学提升他们的职业能力。故选C。 6.A　推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Now I see that experience alone is not enough. You need to bring knowledge to the industry in order to make improvements, and I’m seeking to learn more so that I can make a change,’ he says.”可知,Azimidizaj能认识到仅靠经验不够,还需要知识来改进行业,说明他有远见。故选A。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段“Qin Qian, Marketing Manager at the Taicang branch of a German environmental testing equipment company, is responsible for driving new business development strategies. She hopes to build a system to expand the company’s business into new markets in China.”可知,Qian继续深造的目的是开发一种系统的方法来进行市场扩张。故选D。 8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Sometimes, choice is more important than effort. Making good decisions matters because mistakes are expensive,’ says Qian. ‘But once you’ve decided, you should go after it with everything you’ve got. Life is too short to wait.’”可知,Qian认为在做决定前要慎重考虑,因为犯错代价高,也就是要三思而后行。故选A。 ●Ⅱ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种应对高三的学习压力和紧张情绪的方法。 1.G　上文“Creating a realistic timetable is foundational. Divide study sessions into 45-minute blocks with 10-minute breaks to prevent burnout. Use tools like planners or apps to track deadlines and arrange time for weak subjects. Avoid multitasking—focus on one task at a time to enhance memory.”说明要制订合理的时间表来管理时间,空处和上文为顺接关系,应说明这样做的好处,G项(有规划的日常安排能减少焦虑,增强掌控感)符合语境。故选G。 2.E　上文“Physical activity is proven to lower cortisol (皮质醇) levels. Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus.”说明体育活动对身心有益,下文“Even 5 minutes of deep breathing before studying can calm nerves and improve cognitive performance.”强调了深呼吸的作用,空处应承上启下,并且呼应本段标题Combine physical and mental wellness,E项(将体育活动与像深呼吸这样的正念练习相结合)符合语境。故选E。 3.A　上文“Share academic challenges with peers, teachers, or family to gain perspective. Study groups encourage cooperative learning and reduce loneliness by sharing solutions to problems. Schools offer consulting services.”提供了多种寻求帮助的途径,A项(如果压力过大,可以寻求专业人士的帮助)指出压力大时的做法,承接上文,符合语境。故选A。 4.C　下文“Thus, adopt active learning methods: summarize notes aloud, use flashcards for memorization, or teach concepts to peers.”表明要采用积极的学习方法,空处和下文为因果关系,应说明消极被动的学习方法效果不佳,C项(一般来说,被动的学习策略效果不佳)符合语境。故选C。 5.F　上文“In conclusion, while stress is unavoidable during senior high school, adopting these strategies above can help you manage it effectively.”说明要采用上述策略来管理压力,F项(记住,健康是学业成功的关键)作为结论性的建议,强调了健康的重要性,符合语境。故选F。 ●Ⅲ 【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了东爪哇部分地区学校的鲁班工坊为学生提供免费职业培训,让学生了解中国技术。 1.however　考查副词。上文提到当地很多居民外出打工,下文却说齐奥法尼·阿尔菲尔多斯相信能在当地有未来,前后是转折关系,且设空处用逗号与句子主干分隔开,应用连接副词however(然而)表转折关系。故填however。 2.optimism　考查名词。提示词在形容词性物主代词his后,并作介词宾语,用名词optimism(乐观),为不可数名词。故填optimism。 3.a　考查冠词。可数名词programme在句中表示“一个培训项目”,为泛指,且Chinese发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4.teaches　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是定语从句中的谓语动词,teach与主语that(即先行词training programme)之间是主动关系,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填teaches。 5.provided　考查非谓语动词。…at no cost作后置定语,provide用非谓语动词形式,与the educational assistance之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填provided。 6.to build　考查非谓语动词。“…the skills of Indonesian educators.”是trips to vocational schools in China的目的,用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。 7.who/that　考查定语从句。“…have gone through the workshops…”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词students,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。 8.of　考查介词。固定短语convince sb of sth意为“使确信;使相信”。故填of。 9.helpful　考查形容词。提示词作表语,用形容词helpful,表明主语China’s technology的性质。故填helpful。 10.have been offered　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。offer与主语over 50 majors之间是被动关系,根据时间状语so far可知,描述从过去持续到现在的行为,用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数名词,助动词用have。故填have been offered。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修第一册 Unit 1　A new start (限时:30分钟) ●Ⅰ 阅读理解 A [2025·河北部分学校高三联考] 文体:记叙文　主题:人与社会　词数:316 The playground at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles was wet from the morning’s rain. But the bad weather didn’t keep the Garfield graduates from gathering there to show their support for their former teacher, Jaime Escalante, who was in the end stages of cancer. Although the Bolivian-born teacher, who inspired the 1988 movie Stand and Deliver, did not become a household name after Hollywood put his remarkable story on screen, he possessed a gift for inspiring his students to see themselves not as they were but as they could be. “To make it,” Escalante used to tell his students, “you need ambition.” Ambition was Escalante’s battle cry, not just in motivating his students. He also kept pushing it to the administrators and teachers. Stand and Deliver shows the tension perfectly in a scene: when Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus (微积分) and advanced maths at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it’s a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics. Escalante admitted in an interview that Stand and Deliver was 90 percent truth, 10 percent drama. His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight. “The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics,” Escalante said. “They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school. They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.” Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it. In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part because he was tired of the run-ins with those parents and his fellow teachers. “But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere,” he said. “You can’t be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.” That’s what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher. (　)1.What did Escalante’s fellow teachers think of his plan? A.Praise-worthy.　　B.Unambitious. C.Unrealistic. D.Motivating. (　)2.What can we say about Stand and Deliver? A.It has played down the students’ efforts. B.It has brought in donations for the teacher. C.It has helped the teacher become a national star. D.It has ignored the challenges faced by the teachers. (　)3.Which of the following best explains “run-ins” underlined in Paragraph 7? A.Formal discussion of an issue. B.Joint effort towards a shared aim. C.Regular meeting with someone. D.Serious disagreement or argument. (　)4.Why is Jaime Escalante a great teacher according to the text? A.Because he is good at communication. B.Because he sees potential in every student. C.Because he is very patient with the students. D.Because he can create a competitive atmosphere. B [2025·湖北黄冈高三一模] 文体:新闻报道　主题:人与社会　词数:304 It’s back-to-school time again, and among the ranks of new university students are working professionals. Two new adult learners at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) in Suzhou say despite the challenges of returning to school after years away, they believe it’ll be worth it. Both plan to strengthen their professional skills with master’s degrees from XJTLU’s International Business School Suzhou. While Hamed Azimidizaj has become an experienced engineer and manager over nearly 15 years in the car industry, he wants to broaden his knowledge. Originally from Iran, he’s lived in China for five years. “Now I see that experience alone is not enough. You need to bring knowledge to the industry in order to make improvements, and I’m seeking to learn more so that I can make a change,” he says. Qin Qian, Marketing Manager at the Taicang branch of a German environmental testing equipment company, is responsible for driving new business development strategies. She hopes to build a system to expand the company’s business into new markets in China. “In today’s competitive business world, just keeping up with rapid technological advances is not enough,” she says. “How can my team make the company more competitive? How can we successfully break into new markets? I’ve been thinking about these questions for two years, and eventually I came to believe the best way is to further my studies in this field.” For students considering further study, Azimidizaj says Suzhou provides a comfortable environment, with its mix of modern facilities and ancient culture. Qian advises others to think about going back to school to make careful decisions and then pursue goals wholeheartedly. “Sometimes, choice is more important than effort. Making good decisions matters because mistakes are expensive,” says Qian. “But once you’ve decided, you should go after it with everything you’ve got. Life is too short to wait.” (　)5.What do Azimidizaj and Qian plan to do at XJTLU? A.Teach professional skills. B.Conduct engineering research. C.Enhance their career capabilities. D.Expand their social connections. (　)6.Which word best describes Azimidizaj? A.Farsighted. B.Hesitant. C.Generous. D.Conservative. (　)7.What is the purpose of Qian’s further study? A.To improve her knowledge of international business.　 B.To escape the competitive pressure in her current job. C.To explore opportunities in the environmental industry. D.To develop a systematic approach to market expansion. (　)8.What can we learn from Qian’s words? A.Think twice before you act. B.Opportunity knocks but once. C.The early bird catches the worm. D.Actions speak louder than words. ●Ⅱ 阅读七选五 [2025·山东泰安高三二模] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自我　词数:271 The final year of senior high school is a critical yet challenging period, marked by intense academic pressure and emotional stress. Balancing exam preparation and personal well-being requires strategic planning. Below are practical methods to help students manage stress and increase learning efficiency. Prioritize time management Creating a realistic timetable is foundational. Divide study sessions into 45-minute blocks with 10-minute breaks to prevent burnout. Use tools like planners or apps to track deadlines and arrange time for weak subjects. Avoid multitasking—focus on one task at a time to enhance memory. 1.　　　　.  Combine physical and mental wellness Physical activity is proven to lower cortisol (皮质醇) levels. Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus. 2.　　　　. Even 5 minutes of deep breathing before studying can calm nerves and improve cognitive performance.  Build a support network Isolation will increase stress. Share academic challenges with peers, teachers, or family to gain perspective. Study groups encourage cooperative learning and reduce loneliness by sharing solutions to problems. Schools offer consulting services. 3.　　　　. A strong support system provides emotional relief and practical advice, helping you handle difficulties effectively.  Improve study techniques 4.　　　　. Thus, adopt active learning methods: summarize notes aloud, use flashcards for memorization, or teach concepts to peers. For instance, the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes of study+5-minute breaks) enhances concentration. Additionally, simulate exam conditions through timed practice tests to build confidence and identify gaps.  In conclusion, while stress is unavoidable during senior high school, adopting these strategies above can help you manage it effectively. 5.　　　　. Stay positive, and you will overcome any challenges!  A.Turn to professionals if overwhelmed　 B.Nothing is more significant than study C.Generally, passive strategies are ineffective D.Therefore, you should be modest and hardworking　 E.Pair this with mindfulness practices like deep breathing　 F.Remember, being healthy is the key to academic success　 G.A structured routine reduces anxiety and promotes a sense of control ●Ⅲ 语法填空 [2025·福建厦门高三二模] 文体:新闻报道　主题:人与社会　词数:234 The rice fields in some parts of East Java are still plowed (犁地) by buffalo. There is little industry or tourism. Every year thousands of residents follow a well-worn path to jobs as domestic helpers in Hong Kong or construction workers in Saudi Arabia. Ziofani Alfirdaus, 1.　　　　　, believes he will have a career and a future here. The 16-year-old is clear on the source of his 2.　　　　　(optimistic)—China.  His local school hosts a Luban Workshop, 3.　　　　 Chinese-funded and Chinese-directed vocational (职业的) training programme that 4.　　　　　　(teach) students how to service Chinese electric-vehicle engines, operate Chinese commercial drones (无人机) and assemble Chinese robots. The educational assistance, 5.　　　　(provide) at no cost, has revolutionized the provincial school here with new technology to train students, as well as trips to vocational schools in China 6.　　　　　　　(build) the skills of Indonesian educators.  Students 7.　　　　 have gone through the workshops are convinced 8.　　　　 the values of Chinese technology. Previously, Alfirdaus didn’t know what drones were, but now he is studying how to operate them, hoping to make a career with them in the future. “China’s technology,” he said, “will be 9.　　　　(help) to all of mankind.”  So far, over 50 majors 10.　　　　　　　　　　　(offer) under Chinese-foreign cooperation within the framework of the programme, which has trained 9,000 students with degrees and 18,000 people for local communities.  A.词汇积累 1.household adj.家喻户晓的 2.overnight adv.一夜之间 3.wholeheartedly adv.全心全意地,全神贯注地 4.critical adj.关键的,极重要的 5.burnout n.精疲力竭 6.cognitive adj.认知的,认识的 7.isolation n.孤独;隔离,孤立 B.熟词生义 sharpen v.(使)改善,提高<生义>;(使)变锋利 Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus. (阅读七选五, Para.3) 【译文】 日常锻炼,如散步、跳舞或骑自行车,可以改善情绪,提高注意力。 C.长难句分析 Although the Bolivian-born teacher, who inspired the 1988 movie Stand and Deliver, did not become a household name after Hollywood put his remarkable story on screen, he possessed a gift for inspiring his students to see themselves not as they were but as they could be. (阅读A, Para.2) 【分析】 本句为主从复合句。although引导让步状语从句,修饰整个主句;who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Bolivian-born teacher;after引导时间状语从句,作让步状语从句中的时间状语;not…but…连接两个并列的方式状语从句,作see的宾语补足语,连接的前项为as they were,连接的后项为as they could be。 【译文】 尽管这位出生于玻利维亚的老师启发了1988年的电影《为人师表》,但在好莱坞将他的非凡故事搬上银幕后,他并没有成为家喻户晓的人。不过,他有一种天赋,能激励他的学生看到自己并非当下的样子,而是未来可以成为的样子。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $