选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Learning from nature（PPT课件）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件围绕“Learning from nature”主题，覆盖词汇（如employ, resign）、短语（take…for granted）、句型（be amazed to do）及语篇理解、写作等核心考点，依据高考评价体系分析高频考点权重，归纳阅读理解（新闻报道/说明文）、语法填空、应用文写作等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题训练+技巧指导”，如“课时作业”选用2025年模拟题（湖南永州二模等），“考点互动探究”通过单句填空、完成句子实例（如resign oneself to doing）突破考点，培养语言能力与思维品质。写作模块提供新闻报道框架和读后续写素材，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此高效开展复习教学。

Unit 5 Learning from nature 1 语篇词汇串记 考点互动探究 当堂过关检测 写作素养提升 课时作业 2 Dan 1.　　　　　　　　(bring) up in the countryside by his grandparents. The rural environment was superb. The lane to his cottage was lined with mulberry trees while the pond nearby was covered with algae. He was 2.　　　　 ease with the deliberate life, spending hours watching termites build mounds. He was fascinated by the scene 3.　　　　 dragonflies rested atop lotuses and their domestic chickens were laying eggs in the hay. was brought at　 where 语篇词汇串记 3 As he grew older, he moved to the city for education. In the new 4.　　　　　　　(surround), his love for nature was never converted. He learned about a frontier subject—biomimicry, the practice of mimicking nature's design to seek solutions to human problems. It was at that time 5.　　　　 he realized he could employ the botanical knowledge that he attained during his childhood to convert how buildings were constructed. surroundings　 that 语篇词汇串记 After university, Dan became an architect. He designed a building 6.　　　　　(support) by cables but was bothered by their arrangement. He decided to take 7.　　　　　　(inspire) from nature, recalling how spiders spin webs. The webs, superficially weak, were 8.　　　　(actual) flexible and strong. Any prey would find 9.　　　 hard to withdraw. Dan applied this concept to his design. actually inspiration　 supported 　it 语篇词汇串记 After months of work, his design was completed. Its wise use of engineering and biomimicry attracted wide attention from architects and nature lovers. The boy who once loved observing nature became a pioneer in 10.　　　　　　(sustain) design. sustainable 语篇词汇串记 1 employ　vt. 运用,使用;雇用 (1)employ oneself in (doing) sth=be employed in (doing) sth　　　　　 忙于(做)某事 (2)employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员 employment n. 雇用 考点互动探究 7 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空/熟词生义 ①[沪教必修三U4] They talked to the villagers about their plan to create a small beach resort, which would provide ______________　(employ) for people so that they could have a better life. 　　　　 employment 考点互动探究 8 ②The amount of social insurance the 　　　　 provides for 　　　　　　 is based on their average monthly income from the previous year. (employ)　 ③[沪教选必四 U1] While fiction films employed direct cinema techniques, documentary film-makers looked for new ways of capturing reality. ___________ employer employees　 v.运用 考点互动探究 9 (2)完成句子 The architect 　　　 　 　　　　　　(忙于) drawing up plans and he was so absorbed in it that he didn't see Tom come in. was employed in/employed himself in 考点互动探究 10 2 resign　v.辞职,辞去;听任,顺从 (1)resign oneself to (doing) sth 使自己安于(做)某事;听任(做)某 事;只好接受(做)某事 (2)resigned adj. 逆来顺受的,顺从的 be resigned to (doing) sth 顺从(做)某事 考点互动探究 11 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 Much as they hope to go home tomorrow, they're resigned to 　　　　　(stay) on until the end of the year. staying 考点互动探究 12 (2)一句多译 虽然一次又一次失败,但我不会听天由命。 →Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not _________ 　　　　　 fate. (v.) →Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not ________ 　　　　　　fate. (adj.) resign myself to be resigned to 考点互动探究 13 3 ease　n.舒适;悠闲 v.(使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 (1)at ease　　　　　 舒适;自在;不拘束 at ease with sb 与某人轻松地相处 put sb at (their) ease 使某人感到舒适/放松 with ease 轻易地;不费力地 考点互动探究 14 (2)ease the pain/pressure/tension/burden 缓解疼痛/压力/紧张/负担 ease one's mind 使某人放心 (3)easy adj. 安心的;不拘束的;舒适的,安 逸的 uneasy adj. 担心的;忧虑的;不安的 考点互动探究 15 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 He looked 　　　　　　(easy) and refused to answer questions put forward by his teacher. (2)完成句子 ①Gradually, his confidence grew and he could ______________________ 　　　　　　　　　(轻易地解决这些数学问题). (读后续写之心 理描写) uneasy　 solve the maths problems with ease 考点互动探究 16 ②It is important to know what to do to fit into different social situations, and what to do to ______________________________________ 　　 　 　 (让别人感到舒服). ③Briefly, not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　(音乐缓解我们的压力), but it also brings creativity and calm into our school day. (应用文写作话题之艺术) others feel easy/make others feel at ease put others at (their) ease/make 　does music ease our stress 考点互动探究 17 1 take…for granted　认为……理所当然 (1)take it for granted that… 想当然地认为…… (2)take sth seriously 认真对待某事 take sth lightly 轻率地对待某事 take it easy 不着急;放轻松 考点互动探究 18 take sth for example 拿……举例 take one’s time 从容不迫;别着急(指时间上), 慢慢来 take…into account/consideration 考虑…… 考点互动探究 19 【活学活用】 完成句子 ①Don't 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(把别人为你做的事情当作理所当然). You should be grateful. ②I would appreciate it if you could ___________________________________ _________________(考虑我的申请). (应用文写作之申请信) ③“ 　　　　　　(放轻松)!” she told herself, leaning back hard against the wind. (读后续写之心理+动作描写) 　 take for granted what others do for you take my application into account/ Take it easy　 consideration 考点互动探究 20 ④If we 　　　　　　　　(认真对待它), we will certainly accomplish it soon. ⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　(别着急)—it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant. take it seriously Take your time/Take it easy 考点互动探究 21 2 be opposed to　反对 (1)oppose vt.　 　 反对(计划、政策等);抵制;阻挠 oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 (2)opposing adj. 相反的,对立的,截然不同的 [温馨提示] be opposed to 中to是介词,后面要加动名词。其他表示“反对”的短语还有:object to (to为介词), be against等。 考点互动探究 22 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①[译林选必二U2] As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the 　　　　　　(oppose) team's goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground. ②[译林选必四U2] Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided, but some language communities oppose 　　　　　　(adopt) words from other cultures. opposing adopting 考点互动探究 23 ③The residents are opposed to 　　　　　　(build) a cemetery (公墓) in their neighbourhood. (2)完成句子 While many people support this type of spending, others are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(强烈反对) it. building strongly opposed to/against 考点互动探究 24 (教材P67) Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. 当发现自己置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时,参观者常常叹为观止。 句型公式 be amazed to find/see/learn, etc. 考点互动探究 25 【句式点拨】 描写主语的情感的形容词如amazed, surprised, disappointed, glad等后面可以加to see/hear/find等不定式结构表示原因。 考点互动探究 26 【活学活用】 完成句子 ①When I rushed to the kitchen, I 　　　　　　　　　　　(惊讶地看到) Mum, in her work clothes, 　　　　　　　　　　　　(忙着准备一些食物). (读后续写之情感+动作描写) ②We 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　(很高兴有你们在这里), who share in the spirit of friendship and cultural exchanges. (应用文写作之欢迎辞) was surprised to see busy preparing some food are delighted/glad/pleased to have you here 考点互动探究 27 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.With the prominent increase in population, the demand for modern residential 　 　　　　(architect) that is both comfortable and affordable has surged. 2.The lotus is a symbol of 　　　　　(pure) in Chinese culture, representing beauty that rises from the mud untouched. 3.He stared intently at the old painting, sensing the deep __________　(wise) and stories hidden within its simple strokes. architecture purity wisdom 当堂过关检测 28 4.Many rural workers have moved to the cities to seek better 　　　　　　(employ) opportunities and improved living conditions. 5.“Wait! Don't touch that!”she exclaimed, a sudden and ________(easy) feeling making her heart race wildly. 6.　　　　　　(depress) and hopeless, Sarah ran across the hall to seek help from Katie. employment uneasy　 Depressed　 当堂过关检测 29 7.Her frown deepened as she faced the 　　　　　　(reject) of her project proposal, signaling her disappointment and frustration. 8.Due to unforeseen circumstances, he had to withdraw his funds and postpone his 　　　 　(depart) for the trip. 9.Our team project received a superb 　　 　　(evaluate) from the teacher, which greatly boosted our confidence and morale. rejection departure evaluation　 当堂过关检测 30 10.After years of dedication and hard work, the young physician finally felt a sense of 　　　　　　(fulfil) as she successfully treated her first complex case. 11.Standing before the solemn memorial, the tourist kept her head 　　　　(bow), lost in thought about the historic event. fulfil(l)ment bowed 当堂过关检测 31 Ⅱ 短语填空 1.Many environmentalists 　　　　　　　　(反对) the destruction of natural habitats for the sake of building botanical gardens, arguing that such projects often disrupt local ecosystems. 2.Many poets and artists 　　　　　　　　　　(从……中获取灵感) nature. are opposed to take inspiration from 当堂过关检测 32 3.Sitting by the serene pond with the gentle sound of water lapping against the shore, he finally felt 　　　　　(轻松), all his worries melting away. 4.Determined to 　　　　　　　　 (寻求……的解决办法) the rare disease, the young physician devoted herself to the research day and night. at ease seek solutions to 当堂过关检测 33 5.Don't 　　　　　　　　　(想当然地认为) that water would always be available anytime and anywhere. 6.They have to pay taxes in their home country ________________(作为对……的回报) the services provided by the government. take it for granted in return for 当堂过关检测 34 Ⅲ 句型与写作 1.We 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that over 60% of students in our school suffer from sleep deprivation, so we suggest adjusting the morning schedule. 我们惊讶地发现,我校超过60%的学生睡眠不足,因此我们建议调整早晨的作息时间。(应用文写作之建议信) 　 are astonished/surprised to discover/find 当堂过关检测 35 2.__________________________________________________________ the first sunrise of the new year from the mountain peak surrounded by sea of clouds. (it作形式主语) 在云海环绕的山顶上见证新年第一缕日出,这确实是一段难忘的经历。(读后续写之环境描写) It is truly/really an unforgettable experience to witness 当堂过关检测 36 3.　　　　　　　　, Ruby felt regretful and ashamed in that she realized 　　　　　　　　 put them into this situation. (分词作状语;强调句) 鲁比低着头,感到后悔和羞愧,因为她意识到是她的错让他们陷入了这种境地。(读后续写之动作+心理描写) Bowing her head it was her fault that 当堂过关检测 37 Part Ⅰ 应用文写作 为响应国家生态文明建设号召,你校上周组织学生代表到社区参加全民义务植树活动。假如你是李华,请给校英文报写一篇英文报道,介绍该活动及意义。 写作素养提升 38 写作素养提升 39 Last week, 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(为了响应国家的号召) for ecological civilization construction, our school organized student representatives to join in a community-wide voluntary tree-planting activity. in response to the national call 写作素养提升 40 At the site, the students were all fired up. With the help of community staff, they learned tree-planting skills and planted saplings carefully. Though tired, 2._______________________________　　　(每一个人都情绪高涨). By day‘s end, over a hundred saplings stood tall, 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (把曾经光秃秃的土地变成绿地). everyone was in high spirits turning the once bare land into a green area 写作素养提升 This activity taught us that planting trees is not just about putting saplings in the ground, 4._____________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　_____________________________________________________(还关于理解我们在保护地球中所扮演的关键角色). As young citizens, we're ready to 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(承担更多的责任) and contribute to a greener, more beautiful world. critical/crucial role in protecting the planet/Earth but about understanding our vital/ shoulder/take on more responsibility 写作素养提升 Part Ⅱ 读后续写 32.外貌细节描写(二) 【语言素材】 苍白的双颊 pale cheeks 蓄胡子 grow a beard 方脸 a square face 红润的双颊 rosy cheeks 有雀斑的脸 a freckled face 厚/薄嘴唇 thick/thin lips 光滑的皮肤 smooth skin 气色好的 fresh-faced 头发扎成马尾辫 wear one's hair in a ponytail 浓密的眉毛 bushy eyebrows 小/大耳朵 small/large ears 宽额头 a broad forehead 写作素养提升 43 【跟踪演练】 Ⅰ 单句表达 1.Unforgettable were his pale blue eyes that sparkled like diamonds, 　 　　　　 , and 　　　　　. 让人难忘的是他那像钻石般闪闪发亮的淡蓝色眼眸,还有红润的脸颊与薄唇。 rosy cheeks thin lips　 写作素养提升 44 2.He was a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and_______________. 他是个瘦骨嶙峋的少年,有着浅褐色头发和一张有雀斑的脸。 3.There is a pair of big eyes below 　　　　　　　　　　. 他浓密的眉毛下有一双大眼睛。 his bushy eyebrows a freckled face 写作素养提升 45 4.[人教选必一 U1] To the public, he was seen as a slightly ______________ but kind and funny man. He ________________________　　　and 　　　　　　　, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 在大众眼中,他(爱因斯坦)是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。 odd-looking had a thick moustache long white hair 写作素养提升 46 5.[人教选必一U5] Indeed, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯与千千万万的中国农民并无二致,他的一生都奉献给了他们。 his slim but strong body 写作素养提升 47 6.[外研选必三U2] (改编) A 　　　　 　　　　　 riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always _______________________ 　　　　　　　　 and simple black running shoes. 一位白发老人总是穿着相同的蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋,骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。 white-haired old man wore the same blue Worker’s jacket 写作素养提升 48 Ⅱ 语段表达 [外研必修一U3](改编) Dad has changed quite a bit! In his thirties, he was quite 1.　　　　　　　(消瘦及苍白), with a head of red, bushy hair. Nowadays, he’s well-built and tanned. He’s always had a square jaw, but now 2.　　　　　　　　　　　(他已经蓄起了胡子). thin and pale　 he has grown a beard 写作素养提升 49 Strangely, his beard is still red even though 3.________________________　　(他的头发正在变成灰白)! Mum still has 4.____________________________ _____________(光滑的皮肤,黑色的直发), and jogging has kept her slim and fit. I still 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (有着浅色的皮肤和黑色的头发), of course. I usually 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(把头发扎成马尾辫) these days as it has got a lot longer. Mum says I had cute rosy cheeks, but now I have freckles. have light skin and black hair wear my hair in a ponytail his hair is turning grey　 smooth skin and straight black hair　 写作素养提升 50 课 时 作 业 51 Ⅰ 阅读理解 A [2025·湖南永州高三二模] 文体:新闻报道　主题:人与自然　词数:331 On the beach of San Miguel, a Mexican surf heaven in Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, a small freshwater stream flows into the bay. While it doesn't look like much, this connection of stream and sea is key to the bay's famous surf break. For years, though, this delicate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (限时:35分钟) 课 时 作 业 52 bond has been threatened by illegal landfills and proposed projects to expand the port facilities of Ensenada. “The construction of coastal protection infrastructure (基础设施) is especially lethal to waves,” says Salazar, a local surfer. Three breakwaters have been responsible for wave extinction in Ensenada: two of them built to secure ports and a third constructed to protect a gas company. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 Although the biologists and surfers could see they urgently needed a conservation plan, the big question was how to design a project attractive enough for local politicians to get on board. So from 2014 to 2015, Trent E. Hodges, conservation programme manager of Save the Waves Coalition (STW), an international nonprofit committed to the protection of surf ecosystems around the world, studied the surfing activity of several hot spots in Todos Santos Bay in Ensenada using “surfonomics”, a methodology adopted by STW to measure the economic influence of surfing. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 His study revealed that tourists had an average budget per day of US $111 and stayed an average of 10 days. Combined, the expenditures of tourists and local surfers ranged from $746,000 to $969,000 annually. With the surfonomics data on board, the wave protection movement entered a new stage. In 2021, Arroyo San Miguel State Park was established and it was the first state park in Baja California. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 For now, San Miguel’s waves keep rolling in. Surfers watch for them; children laugh and play near the stream that helps create them. This unique state park in Mexico seems to be ringing with the sounds of community and cooperation, nature and conservation, and the waves that will, hopefully, keep breaking far into the future. Together, these seem like a victory song. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了墨西哥冲浪胜地面临危机时,各方通过合作促成当地州立公园的建立,达到保护冲浪点的目的。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 (　)1.What does the underlined word “lethal” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Extremely harmful. B.Directly beneficial. C.Highly responsive. D.Relatively sensitive. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 58 [解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文the construction of coastal protection infrastructure以及第二段“Three breakwaters have been responsible for wave extinctions…”可知,防波堤造成了波浪的灭绝,说明海岸保护基础设施的建设对海浪来说是有害的,lethal意为“极其有害的”。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 59 (　)2.What might be a logical starting point for involving politicians in wave conservation? A.Urgent need for coastal protection. B.Environmental impact of wave loss. C.Economic benefits from surf tourism. D.Wave extinction in Todos Santos Bay. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 60 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段“Although the biologists and surfers could see they urgently needed a conservation plan, the big question was how to design a project attractive enough for local politicians to get on board…using ‘surfonomics’, a methodology adopted by STW to measure the economic influence of surfing.”可知,当地政治家参与保护的原因是他们知道了冲浪胜地带来的经济利益。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 61 (　)3.What's the main idea of Paragraph 4? A.The data collected by Hodges. B.The implications of Hodges' study. C.The current situation of surf tourism. D.The process of wave protection movement. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 62 [解析] 段落大意题。根据第四段“His study revealed that tourists had an average budget per day of US $111 and stayed an average of 10 days. Combined, the expenditures of tourists and local surfers ranged from $746,000 to $969,000 annually. With the surfonomics data on board, the wave protection movement entered a new stage. In 2021, Arroyo San Miguel State Park was established and it was the first state park in Baja California.”可知,第四段主要介绍了Hodges的研究结果,以及在该研究的影响下,护浪行动取得了进一步的进展。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 63 (　)4.What does the author think of the establishment of the state park? A.It's a short-term fix. B.It's the result of joint efforts. C.It's only a temporary success. D.It's a once-and-for-all victory. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 64 [解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This unique state park in Mexico seems to be ringing with the sounds of community and cooperation, nature and conservation, and the waves that will, hopefully, keep breaking far into the future. Together, these seem like a victory song.”可知,作者认为州立公园的建立是共同努力的结果。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 65 B [2025·江苏南通学科基地高三大联考] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:362 In a world where the news frequently warns of approaching fresh water scarcity, a group of forward-thinking researchers are looking to the skies to find a solution. Dr Michael Tam, a distinguished professor at the University of Waterloo, along with his brilliant students, Yi Wang and Weinan Zhao, is diving deep into nature's playbook. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 66 “Water is efficiently captured by the web. The spider doesn’t need to go to the river to drink, as it traps moisture (水分) from the air,” Dr Tam said. This revelation led to the exploration of how such natural phenomena could be replicated (复制) to address the global challenge of fresh water scarcity. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 Furthermore, the Namib Desert beetle showcases another masterclass in nature's engineering. Despite living in one of the driest environments on the Earth, these beetles manage to obtain water from thin air. A textured body surface captures water droplets from fog when they face into the wind. The collected moisture then accumulates and drips right into their mouths. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 Tapping into the lessons offered by these natural wonders, Dr Tam and his team are working one particularly promising technology termed “atmospheric water harvesting”. To replicate the beetle's water-gathering method, Tam's team is developing a special surface that attracts small water droplets and quickly releases bigger ones. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 But that's not all. Dr Tam's commitment to sustainability shines through in his choice of materials. Using zero-carbon materials, like plant-based substances, his team has developed an energy-efficient surface that captures atmospheric moisture. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 The team's innovations don't stop there. Drawing inspiration from unique mushroom structures, they've designed smart structural systems for solar evaporation(蒸发). These systems effectively use solar energy, absorbing water and transforming it into fresh, collectible steam. The potential impact of these fresh water generation systems is enormous. Not only are they cost-effective and energy-efficient, but they also represent the essence of environmental friendliness. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 In a world increasingly bothered by water scarcity, the work of Dr Tam and his team offers a ray of hope. By looking to nature's wonderful solutions, we're reminded that sometimes, the answers to our most pressing challenges have been right in front of us all along. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。面对淡水短缺问题,Tam博士团队受蜘蛛和甲虫获取水的自然现象启发,研发大气集水等技术,为解决难题带来希望。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 (　)5.Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “revelation” in Paragraph 2? A.Challenge.　　　　 B.Discovery. C.Curiosity. D.Definition. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 74 [解析] 词义猜测题。根据第二段“‘Water is efficiently captured by the web. The spider doesn't need to go to the river to drink, as it traps moisture (水分) from the air,’ Dr Tam said. This revelation led to the exploration of how such natural phenomena could be replicated (复制) to address the global challenge of fresh water scarcity.”(“水被蜘蛛网有效地捕获。蜘蛛不需要去河边喝水,因为它 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 75 能从空气中捕获水分,”Tam博士说。这一发现引发了对如何复制这种自然现象以应对全球淡水短缺挑战的探索。)可知,Tam博士发现了蜘蛛能从空气中捕获水分这一现象,然后才有了后面的探索,所以revelation应该是“发现”的意思。只有B选项discovery符合语境。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 76 (　)6.Why can the Namib Desert beetles harvest water in deserts? A.Because of their unique body structure. B.Because of their skills of weaving webs. C.Because of complex weather conditions. D.Because of their organ for storing water. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 77 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermore, the Namib Desert beetle showcases another masterclass in nature's engineering. Despite living in one of the driest environments on the Earth, these beetles manage to obtain water from thin air. A textured body surface captures water droplets from fog when they face into the wind. The collected moisture then accumulates and drips right into 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 78 their mouths.”(此外,纳米布沙漠甲虫展示了自然界工程学的另一个大师级作品。尽管生活在地球上最干燥的环境之一,但这些甲虫能够从稀薄的空气中获取水分。当它们迎风时,有纹理的身体表面能从雾中捕获水滴。收集到的水分随后会积累起来,直接滴进它们的嘴里。)可知,纳米布沙漠甲虫能在沙漠中收集水是因为它们独特的身体结构,即有纹理的身体表面能捕获水滴。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 79 (　)7.On what basis does the team conduct their innovative work? A.How materials are chosen. B.How nature repairs itself. C.How solar energy is used. D.How nature captures water. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 80 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段中蜘蛛从空气中捕获水分,第三段中纳米布沙漠甲虫从空气中获取水分,以及第四段“Tapping into the lessons offered by these natural wonders, Dr Tam and his team are working one particularly promising technology termed ‘atmospheric water harvesting’. To replicate the beetle's water-gathering method, Tam's team is developing a special surface that attracts small water 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 81 droplets and quickly releases bigger ones.”(借鉴这些自然奇观所提供的经验教训,Tam博士和他的团队正在研究一种特别有前景的技术,称为“大气集水”。为了复制甲虫的集水方法,Tam博士的团队正在开发一种特殊的表面,它能吸引小水滴并迅速释放大水滴。)可知,团队的创新工作是基于自然界是如何捕获水的。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 82 (　)8.What is the author's attitude towards the solutions to water scarcity? A.Doubtful. B.Cautious. C.Dismissive. D.Confident. √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 83 [解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a world increasingly bothered by water scarcity, the work of Dr Tam and his team offers a ray of hope. By looking to nature's wonderful solutions, we're reminded that sometimes, the answers to our most pressing challenges have been right in front of us all along.”可知,作者认为Tam博士团队的工作给解决水资源短缺问题带来了希望,并且认可从自然界寻找解决方案的方式,所以作者对解决水资源短缺的方案是有信心的。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 时 作 业 84 Ⅱ语法填空 [2025·山东名校联考高三联合检测] 文体:说明文　主题:人与自然　词数:260 The fireflies are a huge group containing over 2,000 species, with new ones being discovered all the time. The feature which makes fireflies so 1.　　　　　(appeal) is their ability to produce a display of light. The light is used by the adult fireflies as a signal 2.___________　　　(attract) a mate, and each species must develop its own call-sign to appealing to attract 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 85 avoid being confused with other species nearby. So within any one area each species will differ from its neighbours in some way, for example, in the colour or pattern of its light, how long the light lasts, and 3.　　　　　 it displays in flight or from the ground. whether 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 86 The fireflies' almost magical light has attracted human attention for 4.　　 　　　(generation). It is described in an ancient Chinese encyclopaedia 5.　　　　　(write) over 2,000 years ago by a pupil of Confucius. Fireflies often featured in Japanese and Arabian folk medicine. All over the world they have been the 6.　　　　　(inspire) for countless poems, paintings and stories. In Britain, for example, there are plenty of anecdotes describing how fireflies have been used to read 7.　　　　 their light or used as emergency bicycle lamps. generations written inspiration by 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 87 It is impossible to be sure exactly when and where the first firefly appeared. The highest concentrations of firefly species today are to be found in the tropics (热带) of South America, 8.　　　　 may mean either that this is where they first evolved (进化), or 9.__________　(simple) that they prefer the conditions there. Wherever they first 10.　　　　　(arise), fireflies have since spread to almost every part of the globe. which 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 simply arose 课 时 作 业 88 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是萤火虫的发光特性、物种多样性及其在人类文化中的影响。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 1.__________ [解析] 考查形容词。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构,这里用appealing作宾语补足语,意为“有吸引力的”。故填appealing。 2.___________ [解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰signal,表示“用来吸引配偶的信号”,所以使用动词不定式形式。故填to attract。 appealing to attract 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 90 3.____________ [解析] 考查连词。根据后面的or可知,这里表示“是在飞行中还是在地面上展示”,用whether引导宾语从句,与or搭配。故填whether。 4.___________ [解析] 考查名词复数。for generations是固定短语,意为“好几代,世世代代”。故填generations。 whether generations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 91 5.__________ [解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰encyclopaedia, encyclopaedia和write为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故填written。 6.___________ [解析] 考查名词。定冠词the后接名词,inspire的名词为inspiration“灵感”,满足句意要求。故填inspiration。 written inspiration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 92 7.________ [解析] 考查考查介词。根据句意可知,read by their light表示“借助萤火虫的光阅读”,by 表示“通过,借助”。故填by。 8.___________ [解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整句话,在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which。故填which。 by which 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 93 9.________ [解析] 考查副词。这里用副词 simply修饰动词mean,表示“仅仅,只是”。故填simply。 10.________ [解析] 考查动词时态。根据语境可知,这里说的是过去萤火虫首次出现的情况,用一般过去时,arise的过去式是arose。故填arose。 simply arose 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 时 作 业 94 Ⅲ完形填空 [2025·安徽安庆高三二模] 文体:记叙文　主题: 人与自我　词数:241 My grandmother, Mary, was a gardening artist. She 　1　 herself with the garden and each element there vividly showed her 　2　 for plants. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 95 However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit. Mary studied all in an attempt to change the 　3　. She spoke to the tree, sang to the tree, 　4　 with this tree—but all in vain. Finally, she contacted a farm expert for help. After Mary’s 　5　 a long list of what she had done, the expert made a dramatic suggestion—　6　 the base of the tree. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 96 Concerned about being considered as a 　7　, Grandma looked both ways before hitting the tree. She knew the shocks would find their way down to the root system and 　8　 the tree, but still doubted the result. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 97 To her 　9　, the next spring the tree bore many fruits. We enjoyed the products of the tree for years to come and often 　10　 together at how silly this elderly woman must have looked as she hit the defenseless tree. The story will always 　11　 a great source of joy for our family. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 98 At one time in depression, I called Grandma for 　12　. “The tree's greatest strength and value 　13　 after hardship.” She reminded me 　14　 that my roots were being awoken by the challenges I faced and that I would be a more 　15　 “tree” because of them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 99 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者的祖母玛丽热爱园艺,精心打理花园,却遇到一棵果树不结果的问题。在尝试多种方法无果后,听从专家建议击打树基,最终果树结果。多年后作者情绪低落时,祖母用这个经历鼓励作者,让作者明白经历困难能使人更有收获。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 100 (　)1.A.connected　　B.busied C.challenged D.provided [解析] 根据上文“My grandmother, Mary, was a gardening artist.”可知,此处表示祖母把时间和精力都花在花园上,busy oneself with sth是固定搭配,意为“某人忙于某事”。故选B。connect连接;busy忙于; challenge挑战;provide提供。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 101 (　)2.A.passion B.concern C.support D.respect [解析] 根据上文“…was a gardening artist.”可知,祖母是园艺艺术家,她对植物怀有深厚的热爱。故选A。 passion激情,热爱;concern关心;support支持;respect尊重。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 102 (　)3.A.agreement B.decision C.environment D.situation [解析] 根据上文“However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit.”可知,果树不结果是一种状况,玛丽想改变的就是这种不结果的状况。故选D。agreement协议;decision决定;environment环境;situation情况,状况。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 103 (　)4.A.struggled B.parted C.reasoned D.argued [解析] 根据上文“She spoke to the tree, sang to the tree…”可知,祖母为了让果树结果,做了很多努力,reason with表示“和……讲道理”,符合祖母尝试各种方法让树结果的行为。故选C。struggle挣扎;part分开; reason讲道理;argue争论。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 104 (　)5.A.hearing B.comparing C.reciting D.discovering [解析] 根据下文“…a long list of what she had done…”可知,玛丽要向专家求助,需要把自己做过的事情详细说出来。故选C。 hear听到; compare比较;recite详述,背诵;discover发现。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 105 (　)6.A.beat B.protected C.dug D.watered [解析] 根据下文“…before hitting the tree.”可知,专家的建议是击打树基。故选A。beat击打;protect保护;dig挖掘;water浇水。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 106 (　)7.A.cheat B.loser C.fool D.thief [解析] 根据下文“…Grandma looked both ways before hitting the tree.”以及下文silly可知,祖母觉得击打树的行为可能很奇怪,怕被别人认为是个傻瓜才会环顾四周。故选C。cheat骗子;loser失败者;fool傻瓜; thief小偷。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 107 (　)8.A.stimulate B.shake C.remove D.damage [解析] 根据上文“She knew the shocks would find their way down to the root system…”可推知,祖母认为击打树产生的震动传导到根系后会对树起到某种积极作用,stimulate表示“刺激”,符合让树结果的意图。故选A。stimulate刺激;shake摇晃;remove移除;damage损坏。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 108 (　)9.A.satisfaction B.shame C.regret D.amazement [解析] 根据下文“…the next spring the tree bore many fruits.”可知,之前祖母对击打树的方法半信半疑,所以当看到树结果时感到很惊讶。故选D。satisfaction满意;shame羞愧;regret后悔;amazement惊讶。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 109 (　)10.A.screamed B.laughed C.wondered D.jumped [解析] 根据下文“…how silly this elderly woman must have looked as she hit the defenseless tree.”可知,大家觉得祖母击打树的行为很有趣很傻,所以会一起笑。故选B。scream尖叫;laugh笑;wonder想知道; jump跳跃。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 110 (　)11.A.come from B.rely on C.serve as D.lead to [解析] 根据下文“…a great source of joy for our family.”可知,这个故事对家庭来说有着带来快乐的作用,serve as表示“作为,充当”,符合语境,即这个故事充当着家庭快乐的来源。故选C。 come from来自;rely on依靠;serve as作为,充当;lead to导致。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 111 (　)12.A.sympathy B.advice C.company D.action [解析] 根据上文“At one time in depression, I called Grandma for…”以及后文祖母用树的故事鼓励作者可知,作者情绪低落时给祖母打电话是为了寻求建议。故选B。sympathy同情;advice建议;company陪伴; action行动。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 112 (　)13.A.survived B.changed C.reduced D.came [解析] 根据上文“…the next spring the tree bore many fruits.”可知,祖母想表达树在经历艰难后才会展现出它的力量和价值,D项came表示“出现”,符合文意。故选D。survive幸存;change改变;reduce减少;come到来,出现。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 113 (　)14.A.gently B.frequently C.suddenly D.nervously [解析] 祖母是在鼓励作者,语气应该是温柔的。故选A。gently温柔地;frequently频繁地;suddenly突然地;nervously紧张地。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 114 (　)15.A.beautiful B.impressive C.influential D.fruitful [解析] 根据上文“…the next spring the tree bore many fruits.”和“…my roots were being awoken by the challenges I faced…”可知,祖母以树为例鼓励作者,经历困难后会像那棵结果的树一样,变得更有收获。故选 D。beautiful美丽的;impressive令人印象深刻的;influential有影响力的;fruitful富有成效的,多产的。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 时 作 业 115 A.词汇积累 1.flow into流入 2.illegal adj.非法的;违法的 3.landfill n.废物填埋地(或场);填埋的废物;垃圾填埋 4.hot spot n.热点;热点地区 课 时 作 业 5.distinguished adj.卓越的,杰出的 6.textured adj.起纹理的 7.tap into开发,利用 8.dramatic adj.戏剧性的;夸张做作的;引人注目的 课 时 作 业 B.熟词生义 1.ring v.(声音)回响,回荡<生义> n.戒指;铃声;圆形;环状物 This unique state park in Mexico seems to be ringing with the sounds of community and cooperation, nature and conservation… (阅读A, Para.5) 【译文】这个墨西哥独特的州立公园里似乎正回荡着社区与协作、自然与保护的和谐之声…… 课 时 作 业 2.bear v.开(花),结(果)<生义>;承受,忍受;携带 n.熊 However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit. (完形填空, Para.2) 【译文】然而有棵果树始终不结果实。 课 时 作 业 $