Unit3语法讲解及习题：that, which, who引导的定语从句2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了鲁教英语（五四学制）九年级Unit3中that, which, who引导的定语从句内容，涵盖基础概念、关系代词用法、特殊情况及易错点四大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“概念理解”到“用法辨析”再到“难点突破”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“表格对比”“关键区分标注”和“分题型专项练习”构建知识体系，如用表格清晰呈现关系代词的适用先行词、充当成分及省略规则，将“只能用that的特殊情况”标注为高频考点，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。设计“例句拆解”和“易错总结”模块，如从句谓语单复数由先行词决定的强调，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此设计针对性教学，提升课堂效率。

鲁教英语（五四学制）九年级Unit3语法讲解及习题： that, which, who引导的定语从句 一、语法系统讲解 （一）定语从句基础概念 定语从句相当于形容词，用来修饰名词或代词，被修饰的词叫作先行词；用来连接主句和从句的 that/which/who 叫作关系代词，关系代词指代先行词，同时在从句内部充当主语、宾语。 主句 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，中文译作 “…… 的”。 1. 先行词是人：用关系代词 who / that 2. 先行词是事物：用关系代词 which / that （二）三个关系代词用法梳理 关系代词 适用先行词 从句内充当成分 可否省略 例句 who 人 主语、宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 I like musicians who write their own songs. which 物 主语、宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 I prefer music which has gentle beats. that 人 / 物 主语、宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 The singer that you talked about is coming. 关键区分 1. 关系代词在从句中作主语：绝对不能省略； 例：I love music that tells warm stories.（that 在从句充当主语，不能删掉） 2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语：可以直接省略； 例：I love music (that/which) my mom likes.（that 作 likes 的宾语，可省略） （三）例句拆解 1. I love traditional music that /which tells a story. 我喜爱讲述故事的传统音乐。 先行词 music（事物），that/which 在从句作主语，指代 music。 2. I like musicians who are creative. 我喜欢富有创造力的音乐人。 先行词 musicians（人），who 在从句作主语。 3. We want to find out the kind of music (that /which) everyone likes. 我们想找到所有人都喜爱的音乐。 关系代词在从句作 likes 的宾语，可以省略。 （四）只能使用 that，不能用 which 的特殊情况（高频考点） 1. 先行词为不定代词：something, anything, nothing, everything, all, much, little 等 例：There is nothing that can stop him making music. 2. 先行词被序数词、最高级修饰 例：This is the most wonderful song that I have ever heard. 3. 先行词既包含人又包含物 例：I can remember the singers and songs that impressed me deeply. （五）只能用 which，不能用 that 的场景 关系代词前面出现介词时，介词之后只能放置 which（指物）、whom（指人），不能使用 that。 例：This is the band with which I am familiar. （六）易错重难点总结 1. 从句谓语动词单复数由先行词决定，不是主句主语 例：She likes songs that bring her peace.（先行词 songs 为复数，谓语用 bring） 2. who 只指代人，which 只指代物，that 二者均可，做题优先判断先行词是人还是物品。 3. 定语从句语序永远使用陈述句语序，不可以倒装。 二、专项练习题 题型一：选用 that, which, who 填空 1. The pop singer _________we watched on stage has released many new records. 2. I enjoy songs _________can calm my nervous mind down. 3. Anyone _________wants to join the school concert can sign up here. 4. The guitar _________lies beside the window belongs to the girl in the textbook. 5. The musician _________wrote this piece of music is Chopin. 6. All the melodies _________he creates are full of deep feelings. 7. This is the sweetest tune _________I have ever listened to. 8. The band and their works _________attract teenagers are widely popular. 9. The person _________you met outside the hall is our music teacher. 10. There is hardly any music _________he dislikes. 题型二：单项选择题 1. I prefer songs _________soft lyrics can bring me comfort. A. who B. which C. whose D. where 2. The young lady _________is playing the piano won first prize in the national competition. A. which B. who C. whose D. whom 3. This folk music _________we listened to last night comes from southern China. A. / B. what C. whose D. where 4. The most amazing concert _________I have ever seen was held last month. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 5. Do you know the composer _________works spread across the whole world? A. who B. which C. whose D. that 6. Those _________take part in the chorus will receive a small musical gift. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 7. The melody _________makes people relaxed is my favorite type of music. A. that B. whose C. who D. what 8. There is nothing _________can lift my mood better than classical music. A. which B. that C. who D. it 9. The song and the singer _________we talked about appear on TV tonight. A. whom B. which C. who D. that 10. The instrument _________he bought yesterday costs lots of money. A. which B. who C. whose D. when 题型三：句型合并 1. I found a record. The record was made by a famous musician. 2. The young man can play the erhu very well. We saw him at the school concert. 3. This is the piece of music. It touches plenty of listeners’ hearts. 4. The singer will give a speech. She stands beside the stage. 5. I keep the lyrics in my notebook. I wrote them down last year. 题型四：判断正误并改错 1. The song who I listened to yesterday is really moving.（） 2. People which love music can always find joy in daily life.（） 3. The band that performs folk songs gains lots of fans.（） 三、参考答案与解析 题型一：选用 that, which, who 填空 1. that /who（先行词 singer 是人，关系代词在从句作宾语） 解析：先行词是人，此处关系代词充当 watched 的宾语，who、that 均可，也可以省略。 2. that /which（先行词 songs 为事物，从句作主语，不可省略） 3. that /who（先行词 anyone 指人，不定代词作先行词优先使用 that） 4. that /which（先行词 guitar 是物品，从句充当主语） 5. that /who（先行词 musician 是人，从句作主语） 6. that /which（先行词 melodies 为事物） 7. that 解析：先行词被形容词最高级 the sweetest 修饰，只能选用 that，不能用 which。 8. that 解析：先行词同时包含人（band）和物（works），只能使用 that。 9. that /who（先行词 the person 为人，可作宾语，也能省略关系代词） 10. that 解析：先行词由 any 修饰，只能用 that。 题型二：单项选择题 1. 答案：C 解析：whose 表示所属关系，译作 “…… 的”，指代歌曲的歌词。 2. 答案：B 解析：先行词 lady 是人，关系代词在从句作主语，选用 who。 3. 答案：A 解析：先行词 folk music，关系代词在从句充当 listened to 的宾语，可以直接省略。 4. 答案：B 解析：先行词被最高级 the most amazing 修饰，只能用 that。 5. 答案：C 解析：whose 指代这位作曲家的作品，表所属。 6. 答案：B 解析：先行词 those 指代人，在从句作主语，使用 who。 7. 答案：A 解析：先行词 melody 是事物，从句缺少主语，选 that。 8. 答案：B 解析：先行词为不定代词 nothing，只能用 that。 9. 答案：D 解析：先行词既有人又有物，关系代词只用 that。 10. 答案：A 解析：先行词 instrument 是乐器，属于事物，选用 which。 题型三：句型合并 1. I found a record that/which was made by a famous musician. 2. The young man (who/that) we saw at the school concert can play the erhu very well. 3. This is the piece of music that/which touches plenty of listeners’ hearts. 4. The singer who/that stands beside the stage will give a speech. 5. I keep the lyrics (that/which) I wrote down last year in my notebook. 题型四：判断正误并改错 1. ×；改正：The song that/which I listened to yesterday is really moving. 解析：先行词 song 属于事物，不能使用 who，改用 that 或者 which。 2. ×；改正：People who/that love music can always find joy in daily life. 解析：先行词 people 是人，which 只能修饰物品，替换为 who 或 that。 3. √ 解析：先行词 band，that 在从句作主语，语法完全正确。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $