Unit 5 A Fine Balance暑假预习通关练 2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

Unit 5 A Fine Balance暑假预习通关练九年级上册新外研版 预习航标｜析目标·明方向 模块 核心目标 预习重点 预习难点 词汇​ 掌握16个核心词汇：balance, ecosystem, smog, farmland, rapid, endangered, vulnerable, survival, disappear, remain, permit, drop, admire, cancel，effort，species 熟记固定搭配：keep the balance, endangered species, make great efforts, benefit from, play an important role 熟词生义（如drop作“下降”，balance作动词“使平衡”） 语法​ 复习并巩固关系代词引导的定语从句（who/which/that/whose），能在环保主题语境中准确运用 ① 用定语从句描述自然现象或环保措施；② 区分which与that在限制性定语从句中的用法 在复杂语境中判断先行词，并选用正确的关系词 听说​ 能用英语讨论环境问题（如雾霾、森林减少），表达简单的环保观点 使用What will happen if...?, We should..., It's important to...等句型 将语法知识（定语从句）自然融入口语表达 读写​ 能读懂关于生态平衡的说明文；能写80-100词的短文介绍一种濒危动物或一项环保行动 按“现状→原因→措施→呼吁”逻辑写作；运用本单元核心词汇和定语从句 用具体数据或事实支撑观点，避免空喊口号 教材全解｜析教材·学新知 考点一：核心词汇精讲（Unit 5 重点） 1. balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡；v. 使平衡 • 搭配：keep the balance of...（保持……的平衡）；lose the balance（失去平衡）；a fine balance（微妙的平衡） • 例句：Humans must keep the balance of nature. 人类必须保持大自然的平衡。 2. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 • 搭配：protect the ecosystem（保护生态系统）；a fragile ecosystem（脆弱的生态系统） • 例句：The rainforest is a complex ecosystem. 雨林是一个复杂的生态系统。 3. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒危的 • 搭配：endangered species（濒危物种） • 例句：The giant panda is an endangered species. 大熊猫是濒危物种。 4. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ adj. 脆弱的；易受伤的 • 搭配：vulnerable animals（脆弱的动物）；be vulnerable to...（易受……伤害） • 例句：Young birds are vulnerable to cold weather. 幼鸟易受寒冷天气的伤害。 5. permit /pəˈmɪt/ v. 允许；*/ˈpɜːmɪt/ n. 许可证 • 搭配：permit sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事）；permit doing sth.（允许做某事） • 例句：The law permits us to cut down trees only for necessary reasons. 法律只允许我们在必要情况下砍树。 6. survival /səˈvaɪvəl/ n. 生存 • 搭配：the survival of...（……的生存）；fight for survival（为生存而战） • 例句：The survival of this species depends on our protection. 这个物种的生存取决于我们的保护。 7. make great efforts 付出巨大努力 • 同义：spare no effort • 例句：The government has made great efforts to reduce air pollution. 政府已付出巨大努力减少空气污染。 8. play an important role 发挥重要作用 • 例句：Forests play an important role in cleaning the air. 森林在净化空气方面发挥着重要作用。 考点二：语法精讲（定语从句在环保主题中的应用） 本单元继续巩固关系代词引导的定语从句，重点学习如何在介绍环境、动物、环保措施的语境中自然运用。 核心结构回顾： • which/that（指物）：The air which/that is polluted is harmful to us. • who/that（指人）：Scientists who/that study climate change work very hard. • whose（表所属）：We should protect animals whose homes are in the forest. 单元特色句型（预习重点）： 1. 描述自然现象： ◦ The smog which covers the city often comes from factory waste. （笼罩城市的雾霾常来源于工业废料。） ◦ The river that was once clean is now seriously polluted. （曾经清澈的河流现在已被严重污染。） 2. 介绍环保措施： ◦ The new law which was passed last year aims to protect farmland. （去年通过的新法律旨在保护农田。） ◦ We should plant more trees that/which can provide shelter for birds. （我们应该种更多能为鸟类提供庇护所的树。） 3. 说明动物现状： ◦ Pandas which live in Sichuan are a national treasure. （生活在四川的大熊猫是国宝。） ◦ This is a species whose survival is threatened by human activities. （这是一个生存正受到人类活动威胁的物种。） ✅ 例题精析 The government has built many nature reserves ______ protect endangered animals. A. which B. where C. who D. whom 答案：A 解析：先行词是nature reserves（物），在从句中做主语（protect的执行者），故用which引导。where是关系副词，在从句中做地点状语，不符合此处语法结构。 考点三：写作精讲（环保主题短文） 写作任务：介绍一种濒危动物或一项环保行动 写作框架： 段落 内容要点 定语从句运用示例 开头（引入）​ 点明主题（如动物名称或环保项目名称）及其重要性 The Tibetan antelope, which is a protected animal, is in danger. 主体（现状与原因）​ 描述现状（数量减少等），分析主要原因（人类活动、环境变化） Its habitat, which was once vast, has been reduced by human activities. 主体（措施）​ 列举已采取或应采取的环保措施 The government has set up parks where​ they can live safely. 结尾（呼吁）​ 发出保护倡议，展望未来 We hope that everyone who loves nature​ will join us. 高分句型储备： • 现状描述： The number of... is dropping rapidly because of... • 原因分析： ..., which is mainly caused by... • 措施建议： It is necessary to... so that... / Laws should be made to... • 呼吁： Let's take action to... / Only by working together can we... 原创范文（介绍藏羚羊）： Protecting the Tibetan Antelope The Tibetan antelope is a beautiful animal which lives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is famous for its soft wool, which unfortunately made it a target for hunters. In the 1980s and 1990s, its number dropped sharply due to illegal hunting. At that time, there were only about 70,000 antelopes left, which was a worrying situation. To save this endangered species, the government has made great efforts. Nature reserves where antelopes can live safely have been set up. Police officers who patrol the plateau day and night have cracked down on poaching. Thanks to these measures, the number of Tibetan antelopes has risen to over 300,000. This is a success story that shows we can make a difference. However, we cannot stop here. Climate change and human activities still threaten their survival. We should continue to protect their habitat and raise public awareness. Let's remember that we are not the only species that lives on this planet. Protecting the Tibetan antelope means protecting the balance of nature itself. 基础巩固 一、根据首字母或中文提示填空 1. We must keep the b______ of nature, or many animals will die. 2. Cutting down too many trees destroys the e______. 3. The panda is one of the most famous e______ species in the world. 4. Baby turtles are v______ to predators when they crawl to the sea. 5. The s______ of the polar bear is threatened by melting ice. 6. The government has made g______ e______ to reduce plastic pollution. 7. Education plays an i______ r______ in promoting environmental protection. 8. The new law does not p______ killing wild animals for their fur. 9. The price of oil has d______ greatly this year. 10. We can all b______ f______ small changes in our daily lives, like recycling. 二、用适当的关系代词（who, which, that, whose）填空 1. The river ______ flows through our city is badly polluted. 2. Scientists ______ study climate change are worried about the future. 3. This is the national park ______ was set up to protect wild elephants. 4. We should protect animals ______ homes are in the rainforests. 5. The air ______ we breathe every day must be kept clean. 6. The farmer ______ I met yesterday grows organic vegetables. 7. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is about endangered species. 8. Is this the factory ______ produces harmful chemicals? 9. The girl ______ mother is a biologist loves animals very much. 10. We should learn from heroes ______ have devoted themselves to environmental protection. 三、单项选择 1. The smog ______ covered Beijing last week made many people cough. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 2. This is the most interesting book ______ I have read on ecology. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 3. We visited the nature reserve ______ many rare birds live. A. which B. that C. where D. whose 4. The man ______ is giving a speech on environmental protection is a famous expert. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 5. I have lost the pen ______ my father gave me as a birthday gift. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 能力提升 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Protecting our planet is a duty 1.______ everyone should take seriously. The earth is the only home 2.______ we have, and it provides us with everything 3.______ we need to survive: air, water, and food. However, human activities 4.______ (cause) many problems so far. The rainforests, 5.______ are often called the "lungs of the earth", are disappearing at an alarming rate. Animals 6.______ habitats are being destroyed are becoming endangered. But there is still hope. Many countries have realized the importance of environmental protection and are taking action. New technologies 7.______ can clean polluted water and air are being developed. Young people 8.______ care about the future are starting campaigns to raise awareness. The "Green Movement", 9.______ started in our school last year, has planted over 1,000 trees. We believe that everyone 10.______ makes a small change can help to create a better world. 二、完形填空 Every year, millions of birds fly from the north to the south for the winter. This long journey, 1.______ is called migration, is full of dangers. One of the biggest challenges they face now is the loss of wetlands, 2.______ they stop to rest and find food. Wetlands are like "nature's supermarkets" for birds. They provide fish, insects, and plants 3.______ the birds need to eat. However, many wetlands have been turned into farmland or cities. This means that the birds have fewer places 4.______ they can rest. Some birds die of hunger during the long flight because they cannot find enough food. To help these birds, many organizations have started projects 5.______ aim to protect and restore wetlands. Volunteers 6.______ join these projects often plant trees and clean up trash. They also build small ponds 7.______ can attract insects and provide water for the birds. Local governments have also made laws 8.______ forbid hunting in these areas. These efforts have made a difference. In some areas, the number of migratory birds 9.______ visit each year has increased. This shows that when we work together, we can help to keep the balance of nature. We should remember that we share this planet with many other living things, and it is our responsibility to protect 10.______. 1. A. which B. where C. who D. whom 2. A. that B. where C. which D. when 3. A. who B. which C. where D. what 4. A. where B. which C. when D. why 5. A. which B. who C. whose D. where 6. A. who B. which C. whose D. where 7. A. that B. who C. where D. whose 8. A. which B. who C. whose D. whom 9. A. who B. which C. where D. when 10. A. them B. it C. him D. her 三、阅读理解 The Return of the Bald Eagle The bald eagle, with its white head and brown body, is a symbol of the United States. However, this majestic bird was once in danger of disappearing. In the 1950s and 1960s, the number of bald eagles dropped rapidly. The main reason was DDT, a chemical which was used to kill insects. When eagles ate fish that had absorbed DDT, the chemical made their eggshells too thin. As a result, the eggs often broke before the baby eagles could hatch. By 1963, there were only about 487 nesting pairs of bald eagles left in the lower 48 states. This shocking number led to a nationwide effort to save the species. In 1972, the U.S. government banned the use of DDT. This was a crucial step that allowed the eagle population to recover. In addition to banning DDT, many other measures were taken. Wildlife centers where injured eagles could be treated were established. Conservationists who worked tirelessly raised and released young eagles into the wild. They also protected nesting sites to give the eagles a safe place to raise their young. These efforts paid off. In 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list of endangered species. Today, there are over 10,000 nesting pairs in the lower 48 states. The recovery of the bald eagle is a great success story that proves humans can make a difference when we take action to protect nature. 1. What was the main reason for the decline of the bald eagle population in the 1950s and 1960s? A. Hunting by humans. B. Loss of habitat. C. The use of DDT. D. Climate change. 2. What was the effect of DDT on bald eagles? A. It made their eggshells too thin. B. It killed them immediately. C. It made them unable to fly. D. It changed their color. 3. When was the use of DDT banned in the United States? A. In 1950. B. In 1963. C. In 1972. D. In 2007. 4. Which of the following was NOT a measure taken to protect the bald eagle? A. Banning DDT. B. Establishing wildlife centers. C. Raising and releasing young eagles. D. Teaching them to hunt in cities. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The bald eagle is a symbol of the United States. B. DDT is a harmful chemical that should be banned worldwide. C. The recovery of the bald eagle shows that conservation efforts can work. D. Wildlife centers are important for treating injured animals. 四、书面表达 假设你是李华，你校英语报正在举办以“Protecting Endangered Animals”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇80-100词的短文投稿。 提示： 1. 介绍一种你熟悉的濒危动物（如华南虎、亚洲象等），说明其现状和面临的主要威胁。 2. 提出至少两条保护措施。 3. 发出呼吁，号召大家共同保护野生动物。 参考词汇： endangered, habitat, threat, reserve, protect ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 基础巩固一、1. balance 2. ecosystem 3. endangered 4. vulnerable 5. survival 6. great efforts 7. important role 8. permit 9. dropped 10. benefit from 二、1. which/that 2. who/that 3. which/that 4. whose 5. which/that 6. who/that 7. which/that 8. which/that 9. whose 10. who/that 三、1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 能力提升 一、语法填空 1. that/which 2. that 3. that 4. have caused 5. which 6. whose 7. that/which 8. who 9. which 10. who 二、完形填空 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A 三、阅读理解 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C 四、书面表达（参考范文） Protecting Endangered Animals The Asian elephant, a magnificent creature that lives in the forests of Yunnan, is now endangered. Its population is decreasing rapidly because its habitat is being destroyed by human activities. Moreover, they are often threatened by poachers who hunt them for their ivory. To protect these gentle giants, we must take action immediately. First, more nature reserves where they can live safely should be established. Second, stricter laws that punish illegal hunting must be enforced. We should also educate local people about the importance of coexistence. Let's remember that we share this planet with these amazing animals. Protecting the Asian elephant is not just about saving a species; it's about maintaining the fine balance of our ecosystem. Everyone who loves nature should join this effort. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $