Unit 1 Good habits（易错题专项训练·语法提升）英语译林版三起五年级上册（新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦小学英语语法高频易错点，通过“定义-规则-易错提示-练笔点拨”体系化突破一般现在时、祈使句、名词所有格，提升语言应用与应试能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一般现在时|8道三单填空+6道语法填空|三单变化规则（直接加s/es等）、句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问）|从定义（经常性动作等）到时间标志（频度副词/every短语），再到三单应用与句型转换| |祈使句|3道单选+3道填空|肯定/否定类型（Do/Be/Let型）、应答方式|以“命令/请求”功能切入，区分不同类型结构及否定式（Don’t+动原）| |名词所有格|6道单选|单复数所有格规则（单数加’s/复数s结尾加’等）、共有/各自拥有|从“所属关系”概念出发，分单数、复数（规则/不规则）、特殊无生命物品（of结构）递进|

Unit 1 Good habits 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 名词所有格的用法 高频易错点01 一般现在时的用法 高频易错点02 祈使句的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 一般现在时的用法 高频易错点01 一般现在时的定义 1.表示经常性、习惯性动作：比如每天上学、每周打篮球等。 I go to school every day. 我每天去上学。 2.表示现在的状态：描述人或事物当前的特征、状态等。 She is very happy. 她很开心。 3.表示客观事实、普遍真理：这些情况不受时间限制，永远是正确的。 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的时间标志 1.频度副词： (1). 频率词程度排序 从高到低：always > usually > often > sometimes > never （对应大致占比：100%、80%、60%、40%、0%） (2). 各频率词解析 always：频率最高，表动作/状态持续无间断，意为“总是、一直”，反义词是never。 She always comes late.（她总是迟到。） usually：意为“通常”，表常如此、少例外。 What do you usually do at weekends?（你通常在周末做什么？） often：意为“经常、常常”，频率低于usually，表动作重复但有间断。 My parents often take me to the zoo on Sundays.（我的父母经常在周日带我去动物园。） sometimes：意为“有时、不时”，表动作偶尔发生，频率低于often。 Sometimes they play football on Sunday afternoon.（他们有时在周日下午踢足球。） never：意为“从来不、未曾”，频率为0。 Tina never plays computer games after school.（蒂娜放学后从来不玩电脑游戏。） 2.every 构成的短语：every day（每天），every week（每周），every month（每月） 一般现在时的“三单形式” 当句子的主语是第三人称单数（he他，she她，it它，单独的人名、地名、单数可数名词等 ）时， 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，简称“三单形式” 。 动词变为三单形式的规则如下： 1.在动词原形后直接加 s 。如：work - works，play - plays; 2.以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词：在词尾加 es 。例如：watch - watches，box - boxes; 3.以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词：先把 y 变为 i ，再加 es 。如：study - studies 4. 特殊情况：have 的三单形式是 has 。 一般现在时的句型结构 肯定句: 主语 + 动词原形/动词三单形式 + 其他 主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 其他 否定句：主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + be动词 + not + 其他 一般疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 Be + 主语 + 其它？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 其他？ 易错点提示 （1）关于be动词和助动词的使用区别 助动词（do/does/did）主要功能是辅助行为动词，构建疑问、否定句式 。简言之：存在行 为动词时，常用助动词；无行为动词，用be动词。 Is he at home now?（句子中没有行为动词 ） Does he play football well?（句中有行为动词 ） 小练笔 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 1. watch ______ 2. pass ______ 3. do ______ 4. wash ______ 5. miss ______ 6. carry ______ 7. catch ______ 8. finish ______ 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 9. My mother often ______ (cook) nice food for us every evening. 10. Lily and Lucy ______ (be) good at dancing. 11. We ______ (not like) rainy days. 12. ______ his grandpa ______ (read) newspapers after breakfast? —Yes, he ______. 13. That student sometimes ______ (teach) us English songs. 14. It ______ (rain) a lot in spring here. 点拨 1. watches 解析：以ch结尾，加es 2. passes 解析：以s结尾，加es 3. does 解析：do特殊变化，加es 4. washes 解析：以sh结尾，加es 5. misses 解析：以s结尾，加es 6. carries 解析：辅音+y，变y为i加es 7. catches 解析：以ch结尾，加es 8. finishes 解析：以sh结尾，加es 9. cooks 解析：主语my mother是三单，动词变三单 10. are 解析：主语两个人，复数，be动词用are 11. don’t like 解析：主语we复数，否定用don’t，动词原形 12. Does; read; does 解析：主语grandpa三单，疑问用Does，后面动词还原；肯定回答用does 13. teaches 解析：主语that student三单，teach以ch结尾加es 14. rains 解析：主语it三单，直接加s 祈使句的用法高频易错点02 一、祈使句概念 1. 用于表达命令、请求、建议、劝告或禁止等的句子 2. 主语“You”通常被省略，一般以动词原形开头 3. 可在句首或句末加上Please表示礼貌 4. 句末用感叹号或者问号，用降调来读 二、祈使句类型 肯定祈使句 （1）Do型：动词原形开头 ，eg：Come on, please. （2）Be型：Be＋形容词 ，eg: Be quiet. （3）Let型：Let＋宾语＋动词原形 ，eg: Let me help you. 否定祈使句 （1）Do型和Be型：在句首加Don’t或never ，eg：Don’t be careless. （2）Let型：Let＋宾语＋not＋动原 或Don’t＋let＋宾语＋动原 ， eg：Let’s not say anything. Don’t let us go, please. 易错点提示 祈使句的应答方式 肯定回答：OK./Sure./All right. Please close the window. → OK. 否定回答：Sorry, I can’t.（需说明原因） Let’s go swimming today. → Sorry, I have to study. 小练笔 单项选择和用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 ( )1. Be quiet! ______late for class. A. Don't be B. Not be C. Be not ( )2. Let’s ______ the room. A. clean B. cleaning C. to clean ( )3. Boys and girls, ______leaning and have fun. A. keeping B. keep C. to keep 4. ______(Close) the door. It’s cold outside. 5. Don’t ______(make) noise in the library. 6. Let ______(we) have a rest. 点拨 1.答案：A 考查祈使句否定形式（Do/Be型 ）。“迟到” 是 “be late” ，否定祈使句用 “Don’t + 动词原形” ，所以是 “Don’t be late” ，选A 。 2.答案：A 考查Let型祈使句结构 。“Let’s + 动词原形” ，“clean” 是原形，选A （cleaning是现在分词，to clean是动词不定式 ，都不符合 ）。 3.答案：B 考查祈使句肯定形式（Do型 ）。祈使句以动词原形开头，“keep” 是原形，选B （keeping是现在分词，to keep是动词不定式 ，不符合 ）。 4.答案：close 考查祈使句肯定形式（Do型 ）。直接用动词原形开头，填Close 。 5.答案：make 考查祈使句否定形式（Do型 ）。“Don’t + 动词原形” ，填make 。 6.答案：us 考查Let型祈使句结构 。“Let + 宾格” ，“we” 的宾格是us ，填us 。 名词所有格的用法高频易错点03 一、什么是名词所有格 表示谁的、某物的，用来说明所属关系。 例：Mike 的钢笔、爷爷的农场、女孩的书 二、基础用法 用法1：单数名词 → 直接加’s 结构：单数名词 + ’s 1. dad’s bag 爸爸的包 2. the boy’s toy 男孩的玩具 3. grandpa’s farm 爷爷的农场 用法2：以s结尾的复数名词 → 只加’ 结构：复数名词+s 结尾 → 直接加’ 1. the teachers’ office 老师们的办公室 2. the girls’ room 女孩们的房间 用法3：不以s结尾的不规则复数 → 加’s 常见不规则复数：children（孩子们）、men（男人们） children’s books 孩子们的书 用法4：多人共有 / 各自拥有 1. 两人共同拥有：只在最后一个名词加 ’s Tom and Jerry’s room 两人共用一间房间 2. 两人各自拥有：每个人后面都加 ’s Tom’s and Jerry’s bags 两人各自的书包 三、特殊：无生命物品 物品、物体一般不用’s，用 of 结构：the + 物品 + of + 名词 例句： the door of the classroom 教室的门 易错点提示 1. ❌ 错误：grandpa farm ✅ 正确：grandpa’s farm （表示“某人的”，人后面一定要加所有格） 2. ❌ 错误：childs’ ✅ 正确：children’s （不规则复数不能只加撇） 3. ❌ 错误：the cates’ ✅ 正确：the cats’ （规则复数s结尾，只加 ’） 4. 分不清： girls’ ＝ 多个女孩的 girl’s ＝ 一个女孩的 5. 共有易错： Lily and Lucy’s mother 同一个妈妈 Lily’s and Lucy’s mothers 各自的妈妈 小练笔 单项选择。 ( ) 1. This is my ______ book. A. brother B. brother’s C. brothers ( ) 2. The ______ room is big and clean. A. girls’ B. girl C. girls ( ) 3. These are the ______ toys. A. childs’ B. children’s C. child’s ( )4. This is ______ and Lucy’s classroom. A. Lily B. Lily’s C. Lilys ( ) 5. We can see many ______ hats. A. teachers’s B. teachers’ C. teacher’s ( )6. That ______ bag is very nice. A. mans’ B. men’s C. man’s 点拨 1. B解析：单数名词表“……的”，直接加 ’s，brother’s 哥哥的。 2. A解析：girls 是s结尾复数，所有格直接加 ’，girls’ 女孩们的。 3. B解析：children 是不规则复数，所有格加 ’s，children’s 孩子们的。 4. A解析：两人共同拥有，只在最后一个人名加 ’s，前面人名不变。 5. B解析：teachers 以s结尾，所有格只加 ’，teachers’ 老师们的。 6. C解析：man 是单数，加 ’s；men 为复数，本题that搭配单数，选man’s。 综合训练 一、基础词汇：写出动词第三人称单数。 1. get ______ 2. brush ______ 3. wash ______ 4. go ______ 5. do ______ 6. have ______ 7. watch ______ 8. play ______ 9. finish ______ 10. walk ______ 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 1. Liu Tao often ______ (get) up early every morning. 2. My mother ______ (brush) her teeth before bedtime. 3. This is my ______ (brother) bedroom. He ______ (keep) it clean. 4. The twin ______ (girl) rooms are tidy. 5. He ______ (not do) his homework late at night. 6. ______ your sister ______ (finish) her homework before dinner? —Yes, she ______. 7. Whose books ______ (be) these? They’re my ______ (friend). 8. Yang Ling ______ (wash) her hands before dinner every day. 9. Please______ (not run) here. Running is not allowed here. 10. Please______(clean) your chair. 三、单项选择 ( )1. My father ______ TV after dinner every day. A. watch B. watches C. watching ( )2. This is ______ cap. A. Mike B. Mikes C. Mike’s ( )3. ______ you get up early every morning? A. Do B. Does C. Are ( )4. The girl ______ her teeth twice a day. A. brush B. brushes C. brushs ( )5. —Whose bedroom is that? —It’s the ______. A. twins B. twin’s C. twins’ ( )6. He ______ late for school. A. never be B. is never C. never is ( )7. Let’s ______ our room clean. A. keep B. keeps C. to keep ( )8. —Does Wang Bing go to bed early? —No, he ______. A. don’t B. isn’t C. doesn’t ( )9.—Wow, the library is so big! —_____________. They’re reading. A．Talk quietly B．Take turns C．Keep your desk clean ( )10.__________, could you please tell me the way __________ the supermarket? A．Excuse me, to B．Excuse me, in C．Sorry, to 四、按要求完成句子 1. He gets up at six every day.（改为一般疑问句） ________________________________________________ 2. This is Helen’s dress.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________ 3. These are the twins’ toys.（改为单数句） ________________________________________________ 4. Liu Tao finishes his homework before dinner.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________ 5. you, keep, should, room, your, clean (.)（连词成句） _______________________________________________ 五、阅读短文，根据提供首字母写出单词完成句子。。 Nancy is a good girl. Usually she gets up early and doesn’t go to bed l 1 either. After she gets up, she can make the bed and k 2 her bedroom in order. Often she finishes her homework before dinner. John is Nancy’s brother. He is twelve years old. He likes sports and often plays football a 3 school. And he always comes back home late. Usually he does his homework after dinner and goes to bed very late. Also he is often very t 4 and he can’t get up on time the next morning. Sometimes he doesn’t have breakfast and can be late f 5 school. 六、情景匹配 ( )1. Does Mike have good habits? A. It’s my cousin’s. ( )2. Whose bedroom is this? B. No, he doesn’t. He goes to bed late. ( )3. What good habits do you have? C. I get up early and help my mum. ( )4. Are these your books? D. Yes, I do. ( )5. Do you wash hands before meals? E. No, they’re my brother’s. 七、阅读理解，判断正(T)误(F)。 Liu Tao has many good habits. He always gets up early in the morning. He brushes his teeth before breakfast and before bedtime. He finishes his homework before dinner. He keeps his bedroom clean and tidy. He never goes to bed late. His friend Wang Bing has some bad habits. He often gets up late. He does his homework at night. Sometimes he goes to bed after ten. His room is messy. ( )1. Liu Tao gets up early every day. ( )2. Liu Tao brushes teeth only in the morning. ( )3. Wang Bing finishes homework before dinner. ( )4. Wang Bing’s bedroom is not tidy. ( )5. Liu Tao never sleeps late. 参考答案 一、写出动词第三人称单数 1. gets 解析：一般动词直接加s 2. brushes 解析：sh结尾，加es 3. washes 解析：sh结尾，加es 4. goes 解析：o结尾，加es 5. does 解析：do特殊变化，加es 6. has 解析：have不规则三单 7. watches 解析：ch结尾，加es 8. plays 解析：元音+y，直接加s 9. finishes 解析：sh结尾，加es 10. walks 解析：一般动词直接加s 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1. gets 解析：Liu Tao三单主语，动词变三单 2. brushes 解析：mother三单，brush以sh加es 3. brother’s；keeps 解析：名词所有格表“弟弟的房间”；He三单，keep变keeps 4. girls’ 解析：双胞胎女孩复数，复数名词所有格直接加’ 5. doesn’t do 解析：He三单，否定用doesn’t，后面动词还原原形do 6. Does; finish; does 解析：your sister三单，疑问助动词Does提前，动词用原形；肯定回答用does 7. are; friend’s 解析：books复数，be动词用are；名词所有格“朋友的” 8. washes 解析：Yang Ling三单，wash以sh加es 9. don’t run 解析：否定祈使句：Please don’t + 动词原形 10. clean 解析：肯定祈使句，please后接动词原形 三、单项选择 1. B 解析：father三单，watch ch结尾变watches 2. C 解析：人名所有格Mike’s，表“迈克的” 3. A 解析：主语you非三单，一般疑问用Do 4. B 解析：girl三单，brush变brushes 5. C 解析：twins复数，所有格twins’ 双胞胎共用的 6. B 解析：频度副词never放在be动词is后面 7. A 解析：Let’s 后固定加动词原形 8. C 解析：Does提问三单主语he，否定回答用doesn’t 9. A 解析：图书馆要小声说话，Talk quietly小声交谈 10. A 解析：Excuse me用于问路；the way to…去……的路 四、按要求完成句子 1. Does he get up at six every day? 解析：he三单，Does提前，动词还原get 2. Whose dress is this? 解析：对人名所有格Helen’s提问，用whose 3. This is the twin’s toy. 解析：复数改单数：these→this，are→is，twins’→twin’s，toys→toy 4. Liu Tao doesn’t finish his homework before dinner. 解析：三单主语否定加doesn’t，动词还原finish 5. You should keep your room clean. 解析：should情态动词后接动词原形 五、首字母填空 1. late 解析：go to bed late 晚睡，对应好习惯早睡 2. keep 解析：keep…in order 把……整理整齐 3. after 解析：after school 放学后 4. tired 解析：晚睡早上起不来，很累 5. for 解析：be late for school 上学迟到 完整短文： Nancy is a good girl. Usually she gets up early and doesn’t go to bed late either. After she gets up, she can make the bed and keep her bedroom in order. Often she finishes her homework before dinner. John is Nancy’s brother. He is twelve years old. He likes sports and often plays football after school. And he always comes back home late. Usually he does his homework after dinner and goes to bed very late. Also he is often very tired and he can’t get up on time the next morning. Sometimes he doesn’t have breakfast and can be late for school. 六、情景匹配 1.B 解析：问句问Mike有无好习惯，答句说他晚睡，没有好习惯 2.A 解析：问句问是谁的卧室，回答是堂兄的 3.C 解析：问句询问好习惯，回答早起帮妈妈 4.E 解析：问句问是不是你的书，否定说是哥哥的 5.D 解析：问句Do you提问，肯定回答Yes, I do 七、阅读判断(T/F) 1.T 解析：原文He always gets up early in the morning. 2.F 解析：早晚都刷牙，不是只早上刷 3.F 解析：Wang Bing晚上写作业，晚饭前不完成 4.T 解析：原文His room is messy.房间不整洁 5.T 解析：原文He never goes to bed late.从不晚睡 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $