复习篇05 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 【暑假打卡】2026年八年级下册英语复习篇+新九年级上册预习篇（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“自然灾害”主题为载体，系统整合词汇、短语、句型及核心语法（过去进行时+when/while），通过基础巩固与能力闯关实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心语法|15题（填空/选择/转换）|总结过去进行时“was/were+doing”结构，明确when（短动作）与while（长动作）用法差异，对比一般过去时与过去进行时|从概念（定义/标志词）到辨析（when/while）再到应用（语法填空/选择），构建“理解-区分-运用”逻辑链| |能力闯关|5题型（语法选择等）|语法选择结合语境分析时态，完形填空通过上下文推断词义，阅读理解定位关键信息|以“自然灾害”主题串联词汇（如flood, earthquake）、语法（过去进行时）与语用（读写综合描述事件），实现知识从输入到输出的转化|

【暑假打卡】2026年八年级下册英语复习篇+新九年级上册预习篇（人教版） 复习篇05 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 目录： 1、 基础知识:重点单词、重点短语、重点句型、单元核心语法 2、 能力闯关：语法选择、完形填空、阅读理解、选词填空、读写综合 基础知识 第一部分 重点单词 1.  n. 脾气；怒气 ____________ 2. n. 地震 ____________ 3. n. 台风 ____________ 4. n. 野火 ____________ 5. n. 暴风雪 ____________ 6. n. 洪水 v. 淹没 ____________ 7. n. 干旱 ____________ 8. v. 警告；提醒 __________ 名词：警告____________ 9.  v. 摇晃；震动 __________ 过去式 ____________ 10.  v. 击打；袭击 __________ 过去式 ____________ 11. adj. 睡着的 __________ 12. adv. 大量地；猛烈地__________ 形容词：重的 ____________ 13. adj. 突然的_________副词 ____________ 14. n. 窗户 ____________ 15. v. 落下 __________过去式____________ 16. n. 碎片；片 ____________ 17. n. 速度 ____________ 18. n. 火柴；比赛 __________复数_________ 19. v. 供应 ____________ 20. n. 准备工作 __________ 动词：准备__________ 21. n. 电力；力量 ____________ 22. adv. 酣睡地；彻底地 ____________ 23. adj. 厚的；浓密的 ____________ 24. v. 敲打；拍打 ____________ 25. v. 躲藏；隐藏 _________ 过去式__________过去分词__________ 26. n. 龙卷风 ____________ 27. adj.&adv. 最坏的/地 ____________ 28. adj. 不幸的 __________副词__________ 29. n. 雷声；雷雨 ____________ 30. adj. 严重的；恶劣的 ____________ 31. adj. 平静的 v. 使冷静 _________ 32. n. 警报；闹钟 ____________ 33. n. 安全__________adj.安全的_________ adv.安全地___________ 34. v. 尖叫 ____________ 35. adv. 幸亏；感激地 ____________ 36. n. 街区；居民区 ____________ 37. n. 屋顶 __________（复数）__________ 38. adv. 几乎；将近 ____________ 39. n. 亲戚 ____________ 40. n. 卡车 ____________ 重点单词参考答案 1. temper 2. earthquake 3. typhoon 4. wildfire 5. snowstorm 6. flood 7. drought 8. warn；warning 9. shake；shook 10. strike；struck 11. asleep 12. heavily；heavy 13. sudden；suddenly 14. window 15. drop；dropped 16. piece 17. speed 18. match；matches 19. supply 20. preparation；prepare 21. power 22. soundly 23. thick 24. beat 25. hide；hid；hidden 26. tornado 27. worst 28. unlucky；unfortunately 29. thunder 30. severe 31. calm 32. alarm 33. safety；safe；safely 34. scream 35. thankfully 36. neighbourhood 37. roof；roofs 38. nearly 39. relative 40. truck 第二部分 重点短语 1. 自然的脾气（自然灾害）____________ 2. 自然灾害 ____________ 3. 天气预报 ____________ 4. 闹钟发出响声 ____________ 5. 入睡；睡着 ____________ 6. 逐渐减弱；慢慢消失 ____________ 7. 冷静下来；保持冷静 ____________ 8. 敲打；撞击窗户 ____________ 9. 立刻；马上 ____________ 10. 及时 ____________ 11. 听说；得知 ____________ 12. 摔倒；跌倒 ____________ 13. 吹倒；刮落 ____________ 14. 准备…… ____________ 15. 应急物资 ____________ 16. 处于危险中 ____________ 17. 脱离危险 ____________ 18. 保护……免受……伤害 ____________ 19. 警告某人做某事 ____________ 20. 警告某人不要做某事 ____________ 21. 一……就…… ____________ 22. 陷入困境 ____________ 23. 做某事有困难 ____________ 24. 除……之外 ____________ 25. 减速；放慢速度 ____________ 26. 掉落；脱落 ____________ 27. 突如其来；突然 ____________ 28. 使某人猝不及防 ____________ 29. 防范；提防 ____________ 30. 用……覆盖 ____________ 重点短语参考答案 1. Nature’s Temper 2. natural disaster 3. weather forecast 4. go off 5. fall asleep 6. die down 7. calm down / stay calm 8. beat against the window 9. right away 10. in time 11. hear about 12. fall down 13. blow down 14. prepare for / make preparations for 15. emergency supplies 16. in danger 17. out of danger 18. protect...from... 19. warn sb. to do sth. 20. warn sb. not to do sth. 21. as soon as 22. get into trouble / be in trouble 23. have trouble (in) doing sth. 24. except for 25. slow down 26. come off 27. all of a sudden 28. take sb. by surprise 29. guard against 30. cover...with... 第三部分 重点句型 1. 暴风雨来临的时候你正在做什么？ What ______ you ______ when the rainstorm ______? 2. 昨晚八点我正在图书馆看书。 I ______ ______ in the library at eight last night. 3. 当大雨猛烈敲打着窗户时，Ben正在睡觉。 Ben ______ ______ while the heavy rain ______ ______ the window. 4. 闹钟响了，但是我太困了又睡着了。 The alarm ______ ______, but I was so sleepy that I ______ ______ again. 5. 风逐渐变小，太阳升起来了。 The wind ______ ______ and the sun rose. 6. 我们应该提前储备应急物资，防范台风。 We should store emergency supplies in advance to ______ ______ typhoons. 7. 老师警告我们不要在洪水期间外出。 The teacher ______ us ______ ______ outside during the flood. 8. 突然，所有电力都中断了，四周一片漆黑。 ______ ______ ______ ______, all the power went out and everything was dark. 9. 幸运的是，救援队及时把村民带到安全地带。 Thankfully, the rescue team took villagers to safe places ______ ______. 10. 当我到家时，我发现屋顶掉下来几块碎片。 When I got home, I found some pieces ______ ______ the roof. 重点句型参考答案 1. were; doing; came 2. was reading 3. was sleeping; beat against 4. went off; fell asleep 5. died down 6. guard against 7. warned; not to go 8. All of a sudden 9. in time 10. coming off 第四部分 单元核心语法 核心语法：过去进行时 + when / while 时间状语从句 一、过去进行时 1. 含义：过去某一具体时刻正在发生的动作 2. 结构 肯定：主语 + was/were + doing 否定：主语 + was/were + not + doing 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + doing? 3. 时间标志：at that time, at 8:00 last night, when/while引导过去动作 二、when & while 区别（本单元重中之重） 1. when 后可接短暂性动词/延续性动词（瞬间动作） 主句：过去进行时（长动作）；从句：一般过去时（短动作） I was walking when it rained. 2. while 后只接延续性动词（长动作），主从句都用过去进行时 Ben was reading while his sister was sleeping. 三、易混区分：一般过去时 vs 过去进行时 一般过去时：过去完整做完的动作 过去进行时：过去正在进行、未结束的动作 第五部分 语法巩固小题 一、用所给词正确形式填空 1. I ____________ (wash) clothes at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. 2. They ____________ (not play) basketball when the typhoon came. 3. ____________ he ____________ (sleep) when the alarm went off? 4. While my mom ____________ (cook), my dad was reading newspapers. 5. When the earthquake ____________ (happen), people ____________ (run) outside. 二、单项选择 1. —What were you doing ______ the snowstorm arrived? —I was staying at home. A. while B. when C. since 2. My sister ______ TV while I ______ my homework last night. A. watched; did B. was watching; was doing C. watch; do 3. He fell asleep when the wind ______ down at midnight. A. die B. died C. was dying 三、句型转换 1. She was cleaning the window at that time.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ the window at that time. 2. They were having a meeting when the rain came.（一般疑问句） ______ they ______ a meeting when the rain came? 语法题参考答案 一、用所给词正确形式填空 1. was washing 2. weren’t playing 3. Was; sleeping 4. was cooking 5. happened; were running 二、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. B 三、句型转换 1. wasn’t cleaning 2. Were; having 能力闯关 一、语法选择 In late March 2026, a powerful storm hit the central United States. It was 1 most terrible natural disaster in that area in the past twenty years. Winds reached over 100 miles per hour and heavy rain flooded the streets. Many people 2 when the strong wind suddenly broke their windows. “I 3 believe my eyes,” said Jack, a local person. “The trees were falling like matches.” He tried his best 4 his family to the basement (地下室). They stayed there for about two hours, listening to the terrible noise above them. When the storm finally passed, they came out 5 and saw the sun rise over the broken city. The whole neighborhood was in a mess. 6 they lost their home, they felt lucky to be alive. The government sent help and gave 7 food and warm clothes. “We 8 many terrible storms so far, but this is the worst,” said a volunteer. “We will pull together and rebuild our homes. Even though nature is powerful, together we can go through anything.” 9 days of hard cleaning and rebuilding, the community got much better. People helped each other to fix their houses and clean up the roads. The force of nature can be strong, but we can be even 10 when we stand side by side. Even the hardest times become warm and hopeful when we work together. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．slept B．sleep C．were sleeping 3．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t 4．A．take B．to take C．taking 5．A．care B．careful C．carefully 6．A．Because B．Although C．Unless 7．A．they B．them C．their 8．A．saw B．will see C．have seen 9．A．After B．Before C．In 10．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 二、完形填空 Jason and his father were going to the supermarket by car. It was a(n) 11 day. The sky was dark with few clouds. As they 12 down the street, a terrible sound came from the ground. Jason’s father realized a tornado was coming. He stopped the car and shouted to Jason, “Rush to the 13 building beside the field!” The wind blew harder and harder, so it was hard to see and hear. Jason could not see his father at all and feared he could not reach the building quickly enough. He was afraid the wind would 14 him up and throw him into the air. As he made his way to the 15 , he saw a ditch (沟渠) near the field. He hurried to the ditch in great 16 and lay in it. Lots of things flew overhead, and his heart beat quickly. He had never experienced a tornado before. After a while, the winds 17 . Jason slowly raised his head and nervously looked around. Everything was in a terrible mess. 18 , he heard his father calling out to him. He headed to the 19 and found his father inside the building. His father rushed over and held him tightly in his arms. Safe in his father’s hug, Jason finally calmed down. Everyone should always try to protect 20 when in danger, and never lose their calm mind. 11．A．happy B．normal C．calm D．unusual 12．A．ran B．rode C．drove D．walked 13．A．tallest B．busiest C．widest D．nearest 14．A．lift B．wake C．cheer D．look 15．A．room B．building C．street D．yard 16．A．joy B．shame C．panic D．peace 17．A．died down B．took place C．picked up D．went on 18．A．Sadly B．Suddenly C．Completely D．Carefully 19．A．smoke B．smell C．wind D．sound 20．A．itself B．yourself C．ourselves D．themselves 三、阅读理解 A A flood disaster Place: Yongsheng Village Date: June 4th Weather: The flood disaster situation:The flood first appeared in the south of the village, and soon it covered the whole village. About 50 houses fell down, about 200 people lost their homes, 10 people died in the flood and about 15 people were missing. When the flood came: Mr Smith was reading newspapers on the sofa. Mrs Smith was washing clothes in the bathroom. Eric Smith was playing computer games. Annie Smith was playing the piano. Actions: Policemen arrived there on the second day by plane. People from other villages sent clothes, food and water to Yongsheng Village. 21．When did the heavy rain start on June 4th? A．In the morning B．In the afternoon.C．In the evening. D．At midnight. 22．How many people lost their lives in the flood? A．10. B．15. C．50. D．200. 23．What was Annie doing when the flood came? A．She was reading newspapers. B．She was playing the piano. C．She was washing clothes. D．She was playing computer games. 24．We can’t find ________ in the passage. A．where the flood appeared B．when the flood appeared C．when the flood disappeared D．how many houses fell down 25．What can we learn from the passage? A．The flood came from the north. B．Mr Smith has only one child. C．The police arrived on June 4th.D．Many people from other places came to help. B When a storm is coming, people can stay safe with the right knowledge and preparation. Here is the true story about how a family survived a tornado. It was a sunny afternoon in Oklahoma, USA．Tom, his wife Lisa, and their two children were at home. Tom was watching TV when the news warned that a tornado would hit their town in minutes. Tom immediately told his family to get ready. They carried their emergency kit (应急包), which had water, food, a flashlight, and a first-aid kit. They ran to the basement to hide, which was the safest place in their house. Just as they closed the door, they heard a loud noise. The tornado hit their home. The wind was so strong that it rocked the house. Lisa held the scared children. Tom kept checking the door, making sure it stayed closed. It felt like forever, but the family kept calm to keep themselves safe. After about five minutes, the noise stopped. When they came out of the basement, they saw the damage. Part of their roof was gone, and their living room was destroyed. But the family was safe. They were lucky. Many other homes in the area were completely destroyed, and some people were hurt. Nature is powerful, but with the right steps, we can protect ourselves and our families. 26．Why did the family run to the basement? A．To find their emergency kit. B．To hide from the tornado. C．To listen to the news report. D．To stop the tornado from landing. 27．How did the family feel during the tornado? A．Excited and curious. B．Scared but calm. C．Angry and worried. D．Bored and tired. 28．What does the underlined word rocked in paragraph 4 mean? A．Unlocked. B．Shocked. C．Guarded. D．Shook. 29．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ① Many homes were destroyed and some people were hurt. ② Lisa held the scared children to keep them calm. ③ Tom was watching TV and knew a tornado was coming. ④ The tornado hit the home with a loud noise. A．③④②① B．③①④② C．④③②① D．④①②③ 30．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Natural Disasters Around the World. B．How Tornadoes Hit America. C．A True Tornado Survival Story. D．A Natural Disaster That Hurt Many People. 四、选词填空 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。（每个词只能用一次） temper, adapt, cover, storm, measure, future, project, nature, transport, save Nature has its own temper. When a 31 comes, the strong wind and heavy rain show its fierce temper. To deal with nature’s temper, we need to 32 to the changing environment. We should take some 33 to protect ourselves and the nature. For example, we can plant more trees and 34 resources. In the 35 , we will build more eco-friendly 36 systems. Scientists are also working on new 37 to prevent natural disasters. The 38 around us is beautiful but sometimes dangerous. We should 39 the soil to prevent erosion. We need to understand the 40 of nature and live in harmony with it. 五、读写综合 A.回答问题 请阅读下面的短文，根据所提供的信息回答五个问题，要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 Peruvian officials (秘鲁官员) confirmed on the evening of May 20, 2026, local time that a magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck the southern Pacific coastal area of the country. At least 27 people have been injured and many buildings have been damaged to varying degrees. No deaths have been reported so far. Though it was a moderate earthquake, it caused noticeable damage as the epicenter lies near densely populated areas. Amadeo Flores, Peru’s Defense Minister, rushed to Ica City right after the earthquake to inspect the disaster situation. He checked multiple damaged buildings, including Saint Luis Gonzaga University. Footage showed cracks on outer walls, fallen roof tiles and scattered rubble on streets. Local hospitals admitted 27 injured people. Civil defense authorities launched emergency responses to assess building safety and warned residents of possible aftershocks. The country has been severely hit by powerful quakes before. An 8.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Ica in 2007, claiming more than 500 lives. 41．How many people got hurt in the earthquake? ________________________________________________ 42．Why did the moderate earthquake bring obvious damage? ________________________________________________ 43．Where did Amadeo Flores go to check the disaster? ________________________________________________ 44．What did civil defense authorities warn people about? ________________________________________________ 45．What happened in Ica in 2007? ________________________________________________ B.书面表达 46．2026年5月20日，李华的家乡广西壮族自治区柳州市柳南区发生了一场地震，幸运的是，李华一家安然无恙。假如你是李华，请根据以下思维导图内容提示，用英语写一篇短文，描述一下地震发生时的活动及地震后社区的状况。 注意： （1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯，词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at 00:21 a.m. on 20 May. ______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了2026年3月美国中部遭遇风暴，人们受灾后互助重建，展现了团结合作战胜困难的主题。 【详解】1．句意：这是该地区过去二十年来最严重的一场自然灾害。 空后为形容词最高级most terrible，最高级前必须加定冠词the，a、an不能修饰最高级。 2．句意：大风突然吹碎窗户时，许多人正在睡觉。 本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句动作突然发生，主句为过去正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时were sleeping，slept、sleep时态不符。 3．句意：我不敢相信自己的眼睛。 根据后文树木成片倒下的惨烈场景，此处表达难以置信的心情，couldn’t表示“不能、无法”，shouldn’t“不应该”、mustn’t“禁止”不符合语境。 4．句意：他尽全力把家人带到地下室。 固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，需用动词不定式to take。 5．句意：暴风雨终于过去后，他们小心翼翼地走出来，看见阳光洒在破败的城市上空。 此处需要副词修饰动词came out，carefully“小心地”为副词，care是名词、careful是形容词，均不能修饰动词。 6．句意：虽然他们失去了家园，但能活着就觉得很幸运。 前后句存在让步转折关系，although表示“虽然、尽管”，because表原因，unless表除非，均不符合逻辑。 7．句意：政府送来援助，为他们提供食物和保暖衣物。 固定搭配give sb. sth.，此处作gave的宾语，需用人称代词宾格them，they是主格，their是形容词性物主代词。 8．句意：一名志愿者说：“到目前为止我们见过许多可怕的风暴，但这是最严重的一次。” 根据时间状语“so far”可知用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，have seen符合语境。 9．句意：经过数日的清理和重建工作，社区的情况好了很多。 结合语境，清理重建工作完成之后环境变好，after表示“在……之后”，before“在……之前”、in“在……内”不符合句意。 10．句意：大自然的力量很强大，但我们并肩团结时会变得更强大。 空前副词even修饰形容词比较级，结合语境存在对比含义，需用strong的比较级stronger。 二、 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文讲述了Jason父子遭遇龙卷风，Jason躲进沟渠避险，最终与父亲团聚，强调了危险中保护自己和保持冷静的重要性。 【详解】11．句意：那是不寻常的一天。 根据“The sky was dark with few clouds.”可知，天空阴暗，云层稀少，这是天气异常的表现，unusual“不寻常的”符合语境；happy“快乐的”，normal“正常的”，calm“平静的”不符合语境。 12．句意：当他们开车沿着街道行驶时，一声可怕的声音从地上传来。 根据上文“Jason and his father were going to the supermarket by car”和下文“He stopped the car…”可知，此处指开车，drove“开车，驾驶”符合语境；ran“跑”，rode“骑”，walked“走路”不符合语境。 13．句意：他停下车，对Jason喊道：“冲到田野旁最近的建筑物！” 根据“Jason’s father realized a tornado was coming.”可知，龙卷风要来了，此处是紧急避险，最近的建筑物最安全且能快速到达，nearest“最近的”符合语境；tallest“最高的”，busiest“最忙的”，widest“最宽的”不符合语境。 14．句意：他害怕风会把他吹起来，把他抛到空中。 根据“throw him into the air”可知，风很大，会把人吹起来，lift up“卷起/举起”，lift符合语境；wake“唤醒”，cheer“欢呼”，look“看”均不符合语境。 15．句意：当他走向那栋建筑时，他看到田地附近有一条沟。 根据前文“building beside the field”可知，此处指上文中提到的建筑物，building“建筑物”符合语境；room“房间”，street“街道”，yard“院子”均不符合语境。 16．句意：他惊慌失措地冲向沟渠，躺了进去。 根据上文“feared”和下文“heart beat quickly”可知，他处于极度恐惧和恐慌中，panic“恐慌”符合语境；joy“快乐”，shame“羞愧”，peace“和平”不符合语境。 17．句意：过了一会儿，风停了。 根据后文“Jason slowly raised his head and nervously looked around.”可知，他抬头环顾四周，说明风停了或风势减弱，died down“逐渐减弱或消失”符合语境；took place“发生”，picked up“捡起”，went on“继续”不符合语境。 18．句意：突然，他听到父亲在叫他。 此处指观察周围情况时突然听到父亲的呼唤声，强调突发性，Suddenly“突然”符合语境；Sadly“伤心地”，Completely“完全地”，Carefully“仔细地”不符合语境。 19．句意：他朝声音的方向走去，发现他的父亲在那栋建筑物里。 根据前文“he heard his father calling out to him”可知，他是循声而去，sound“声音”符合语境；smoke“烟”，smell“气味”，wind“风”不符合语境。 20．句意：每个人在危险中都应该始终努力保护自己，并且永远不要失去冷静。 根据“Everyone（表示群体）”和后文“their”可知，themselves“他们自己”符合语境；itself“它自己”，yourself“你自己”，ourselves“我们自己”不符合语境。 三、 21．B 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文主要记录了永胜村在6月4日发生洪灾的时间、天气变化、受灾情况、村民当时的活动以及后续的救援行动。 【详解】21．根据天气变化时间线，下午1:00起刮风，下午3:00开始降雨，持续到次日凌晨0:00。因此“heavy rain”开始于下午。 22．根据受灾情况描述：“10 people died in the flood”，直接得出死亡人数为10。 23．根据“When the flood came”部分，Annie Smith当时正在弹钢琴（playing the piano）。 24．文中提到了洪水出现的地点（south of the village）、出现的时间（从天气变化可推知）、倒塌房屋数量（50 houses fell down），但未提到洪水何时消退（disappeared），故选C。 25．A项错误，洪水来自南方（south）；B项未提及子女数量；C项错误，警察第二天（June 5th）到达；D项正确，文中明确说“People from other villages sent clothes, food and water”，故选D。 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一户家庭凭借正确的应对方法顺利躲过龙卷风、成功脱险的真实经历。 【详解】26．依据第三段“They ran to the basement to hide, which was the safest place in their house.”可知一家人前往地下室的目的是躲避龙卷风。 27．根据第四段“Lisa held the scared children.”以及“but the family kept calm to keep themselves safe.”能够看出孩子们心怀恐惧，但是全家人保持镇定，B选项Scared but calm契合语境。 28．由第四段“The wind was so strong that it rocked the house.”可知大风使房屋晃动，rocked此处含义为摇晃，和Shook词义一致。 29．梳理原文事件先后：③Tom看电视获知龙卷风将至（第二段）；④龙卷风到来，屋子传出巨响（第三段）；②Lisa安抚受惊的孩子（第四段）；①风暴过后很多住宅遭到损毁、部分人员受伤（第五段），正确排序是③④②①。 30．文章首段就点明本文围绕一户家庭从龙卷风中幸存的真实故事展开，C选项“A True Tornado Survival Story.”最适配作为标题。 四、 31．storm 32．adapt 33．measures 34．save 35．future 36．transport 37．projects 38．nature 39．cover 40．temper 【导语】本文主要介绍面对自然的威力，人类应采取积极措施适应环境、保护生态，并最终实现与自然的和谐共生。 【详解】31．句意：当一场风暴来临时，强风和暴雨展现了它狂暴的脾气。根据后文“strong wind and heavy rain”这一典型天气现象，可知此处应填表示“暴风雨”的名词，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，所以用storm。 32．句意：为了应对自然的脾气，我们需要适应不断变化的环境。adapt to意为“适应……”，符合句意“我们需要适应变化的环境”，前面是need to，to后接动词原形，所以填adapt。 33．句意：我们应该采取一些措施来保护自己和自然。take measures意为“采取措施”。且some后接可数名词复数，故必须用复数形式measures。 34．句意：例如，我们可以种更多的树并节约资源。save resources意为“节约资源”，符合环保主题。与plant more trees并列，都是保护自然的措施。can是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以填save。 35．句意：在未来，我们将建立更多生态友好的交通系统。in the future意为“在未来”，所以填future。 36．句意：在未来，我们将建立更多生态友好的交通系统。transport systems表示“交通系统”，符合语境，所以填transport。 37．句意：科学家们也在致力于新的项目以预防自然灾害。科学家们致力于新的项目来预防自然灾害，project是可数名词，这里要用复数形式projects，所以填projects。 38．句意：我们周围的自然既美丽又有时危险。前文一直在围绕自然展开，这里说我们周围的自然既美丽又危险，所以填nature。 39．句意：我们应该覆盖土壤以防止侵蚀。cover the soil表示“覆盖土壤”，可以防止土壤侵蚀，should是情态动词，后面接动词原形，所以填cover。 40．句意：我们需要理解自然的脾气，并与之和谐共处。文章开头提到“Nature has its own temper”，这里表示我们要了解自然的脾气，与自然和谐相处，所以填temper。 五、A. 41．At least 27 people. 42．Because the epicenter lies near densely populated areas. 43．Ica City. 44．Possible aftershocks. 45．An 8.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Ica, claiming more than 500 lives. B.46．例文① My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at 00:21 a.m. on 20 May. At that moment, I was reading books in my bedroom. My parents were sleeping tightly. Suddenly the house started to shake heavily. We felt very scared and rushed outside at once. Luckily, our family were all safe. After the earthquake, some trees fell down and some windows were broken in our community. Volunteers came to help clean up the rubbish. I learned a lot of self-rescue skills from this experience. 例文② My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake at 00:21 a.m. on 20 May. When the earthquake came, I was doing my homework. My father was watching TV, and my mother was sleeping. We were very afraid and rushed downstairs quickly. After the earthquake, the community was in a mess. Some leaves and rubbish were everywhere. Many windows were broken, and some walls had cracks. Luckily, we were all safe and no one was hurt. Everyone stayed calm and worked together. We knew how to protect ourselves now. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了2026年5月20日秘鲁南部太平洋沿岸地区发生5.8级地震的情况，包括伤亡人数、破坏程度、官员视察灾情以及该国历史上的地震情况。 【详解】41．第一段“At least 27 people have been injured...”提到地震中至少有27人受伤。 42．第二段第一句“Though it was a moderate earthquake, it caused noticeable damage as the epicenter lies near densely populated areas.”可知中等强度的地震造成明显破坏是因为震中位于人口稠密地区附近。 43．第二段第二句“Amadeo Flores, Peru’s Defense Minister, rushed to Ica City right after the earthquake to inspect the disaster situation.”提到Amadeo Flores去了Ica视察灾情。 44．第三段第三句“Civil defense authorities launched emergency responses to assess building safety and warned residents of possible aftershocks.”可知民防部门警告人们可能发生余震。 45．第四段第二句“An 8.0-magnitude earthquake rocked Ica in 2007, claiming more than 500 lives.”提到2007年Ica发生了一场8.0级地震，夺去了500多人的生命。 46．例文①：写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：叙事记叙文，时态以一般过去时、过去进行时为主 明确要点：以李华的身份，描述地震发生时自己和家人的活动，介绍震后社区的状况 确定人称：以第一人称I为主 注意事项：不得照抄原文，不能出现真实校名和考生姓名，保证语句连贯 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：题目已给出，点明地震发生的时间 主体段：按照思维导图要求，分别描述地震来临之时我、父母各自的活动和全家的应急行动 结尾段：描述震后社区的整体状况，点明全家安然无恙的结果，可补充简短个人感悟 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：地震发生时的家人活动 我的活动：I was reading books in my bedroom./We felt very scared and rushed outside at once./I was watching TV in the living room./I was still reading in my bedroom when I felt the walls shake badly. I reacted right away and shouted to wake up my parents.等 父母的活动：My parents were sleeping tightly./We felt very scared and rushed outside at once./My parents had just fallen asleep. They got up quickly, grabbed the emergency bag and led me to evacuate our apartment building calmly.等 要点二：震后社区状况 人员与建筑：some trees fell down and some windows were broken in our community/All community residents gathered on the open central square. No one was badly hurt, and only a few old buildings got small cracks on walls, no building fell down.等 后续安排：Volunteers came to help clean up the rubbish./Community workers came to check people’s safety soon, and warned us about possible aftershocks.等 收尾点题：I learned a lot of self-rescue skills from this experience./This experience taught me the importance of learning earthquake safety knowledge.等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $