精品解析：湖南长沙市立信中学2025-2026学年下学期八年级期末考试英语试卷

2025-2026-2 立信中学八下期末考试 英 语 命题人：初二英语组 审题人：李芙蓉 罗辑 注意事项： 1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。 试卷分四个部分，61 小题， 时量 100 分钟，满分 100 分。 I. 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）略 II. 阅读（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A READING LOG Name: Peter Title The Little Prince Writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Main characters The little prince, the pilot, the rose, the fox, the snake Type of novel Fantasy Summary The little prince leaves his small planet after arguing with his rose. He travels to many other planets and meets some strange adults. They only care about money or power. Later he comes to Earth and makes a new friend—a fox. The fox helps him learn that love means care. Finally, the prince knows his rose is very important to him. My opinion This book teaches me to stay honest and value the people I love. Though the story is easy to read, it brings me many meaningful lessons. It makes me think deeply about friendship and true love. Quote from the book “It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential (极其重要的) is invisible (看不见的) to the eye.” 1. What does the prince do after an argument with his rose? ①Travel to different planets. ②Meet many strange grown-ups. ③Look for other roses. ④Make friends with a fox. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ 2. What can we learn from the book? A. To only care about money and power. B. To see everything clearly with our eyes. C. To treasure our loved ones and stay honest. B At 4:30 a.m., while most teenagers are still dreaming, 15-year-old Kofi from Ghana (加纳) has already started his daily work — collecting recyclable (可回收的) waste on the streets. Many people feel sorry for him, but Kofi does not think he is unlucky. Using the money he makes, he buys books and attends night school. “Cleaning the city and taking lessons both bring me joy,” he says with bright eyes. Not long ago, Kofi designed a simple hand-pushed cart (手推车) that sorts plastic, glass and paper while he walks. His idea not only saves time but also increases the value of recycled waste. A local company noticed his clever invention and offered him a small scholarship (奖学金). “My hands don’t look that beautiful, but my mind never stops thinking,” Kofi smiles. “Work is not only for making a living. It helps me grow little by little.” His neighbor Mensah is totally different. He is a high school graduate (毕业生), yet he refuses to do any “dirty work” . He stays at home all day long and often says, “No good work, no happiness.” However, Kofi disagrees. “Happiness doesn’t fall from a fancy job. It grows from honest work, watered by hard work.” Kofi’s story teaches us a meaningful lesson: No matter what job we have, we should pour our thoughts into it. Even a rubbish collector can turn waste into treasure and turn hard work into true happiness. 3. What does Kofi use his money to do? A. Travel around Ghana. B. Buy books and study. C. Help his neighbors. 4. Why does the writer mention Mensah in Paragraph 3? A. To explain why some people dislike dirty jobs. B. To prove that only graduates can find happiness. C. To compare Mensah’s thoughts with Kofi’s positive ideas. 5. Which of the following is TRUE about Kofi? A. The local government gave him a lot of money. B. He designed a simple hand-pushed cart to sort waste. C. He hates cleaning the streets because the work is hard. 6. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Poor Boy’s Hard Life in Ghana B. Happiness Grows from Honest Work C. How to Become a Successful Designer C The men’s World Cup takes place every four years. Recently, people have been arguing about a question: Is it OK to miss school for sports? Some people think it is a good idea to let children stay at home for big games. First, big sports events only come once every few years. Second, watching sports is exciting and fun. A study even shows that watching sports improves people’s well-being. Third, many kids will stay up late to watch matches and feel tired in class the next day. For this reason, supporters believe it might be better to let them rest at home instead of sitting in class without learning much. Some parents also hold the view that missing one day of school is not a great loss(损失). However, other people hold different opinions. They argue that education matters more than sports. In Mexico, the government once planned to end school early for the World Cup, but parents got angry and the plan failed. One parent group stated, “We cannot sacrifice our children’s education for a sports event.” Besides, making special rules just for football is unfair. What if students want to miss school to watch other sports? There will be no clear standards. What’s more, kids can enjoy matches after school without missing lessons. Parents can control whether their children stay up late. Some schools even play the games on classroom TVs during breaks. There is no simple answer to this heated discussion. On the one hand, it is unreasonable to say sports are more important than education. On the other hand, unexpected emergencies like heavy rain also cause students to miss classes. In short, each family should make a suitable choice for themselves. 7. How often does the men’s World Cup happen? A. Every year. B. Every two years C. Every four years. 8. Why do some people think it is OK to miss school for sports? A. Sports are less important than education. B. Watching sports brings people good feelings. C. Missing school for games is a big waste of time. 9. What does the underlined word “sacrifice” mean in Paragraph 3? A. 牺牲 B. 享受 C. 支持 10. We can infer(推断) from this text that ________. A. schools should value sports above school education B. all parents support missing school for the World Cup C. every family should make their own proper decisions 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 While learning a subject you don’t like may seem like a difficult task, there are ways to make it more acceptable — and even enjoyable. Here are some helpful tips. Find interesting ways to study You can make good use of technology. ____11____. Find ones that work for you. You can also try coming up with your own studying ways like making cards and creating mind maps. Connect the subject with your daily life Try to find some interesting use of the subject in your daily life. When the subject is connected with real life, ____12____. Then it will be easier to focus when you’re studying it. ____13____ Study with someone else who is in the same boat as you — someone who also has to study this unlikable subject. You can encourage and help each other when one of you gets stuck. Make a study plan and stick to it If you treat studying like a chore that you have to do, ____14____. But if you create a study plan and keep to it, then studying doesn’t seem so bad. Treat yourself after achieving a goal Give yourself a small treat after every book you read or difficult problem you solve. ____15____. Over time, this may make it easier for you to stay focused when studying. A. Find a study partner B. you may hardly make progress C. it may become interesting to you D. Small joys push you to keep going E. There are many fun apps that can help you learn III. 语言运用（共两节，满分25 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was the last lesson before the zhongkao. After sharing exam advice, the geography teacher Ms. Zhu closed her book and looked at us softly. “All my classes for you ____16____ today. I hope over these years, you’ve learned more than just exam skills. After all, the zhongkao is not an end, but a new start of life,” she said ____17____. Then she talked about a geography term: orientation (方向). It means knowing where you are and where you are going. This idea also fits our daily life. No matter what you do, be clear about your past ____18____ and future goals before moving on. I nodded but failed to fully catch her words then. However, her talk left a deep ____19____ on me. Looking back now, I truly understand this sense of orientation. When life changes, many people face hard choices and an uncertain future, therefore, they feel worried and ____20____. Ms. Zhu also told us the story of Odysseus, a hero in the ancient Greek fiction The Odyssey (《奥德赛》). The war ____21____ him to leave home, and lots of difficulties destroyed his journey. He was once kept on an island for years, feeling lonely. But he never ____22____ himself and stuck to his goal all the time. His clear orientation and strong will helped him face all the ____23____. Life is full of unknown challenges. When you ____24____ or feel stressed, stop to think about your past progress and your wishes. It’s helpful to deal with it in ____25____ ways. Build your own sense of direction, and keep moving forward day by day. 16. A. begin B. end C. continue 17. A. hopefully B. thankfully C. successfully 18. A. secrets B. suggestions C. achievements 19. A. expression B. decision C. impression 20. A. confused B. bored C. relaxed 21. A. helped B. forced C. invited 22. A. trusted B. doubted C. proved 23. A. difficulties B. punishments C. preparations 24. A. lock up B. calm down C. get lost 25. A. practical B. historical C. classical 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Almost everyone has dropped tasty food on the floor and still wanted to eat it. If someone saw you drop it, they might shout the popular “5-second rule”. This rule says food is safe to eat if you pick it up in five ____26____ (second) or less. But is that really true? Recently, scientists from a British university ____27____ (do) lots of tests. For the study, they tested many kinds of foods — bread, cookies and candies. They allowed the food ____28____ (lie) on different types of flooring for 3 to 30 seconds. Not ____29____ (surprising), the longer food stays on the floor, the more bacteria (细菌) it gets. And the type of floor where the dropped food landed also has ____30____ effect. Besides, wet food gets bacteria much more easily than dry food. Many later studies agreed with this result. Many people trust the 5-second rule, ____31____ it cannot stop all bacteria. For people with healthy bodies, a little bacteria from clean floors may seldom cause problems. While if the floor carries ____32____ (harm) bacteria like Salmonella (沙门氏菌), the food will make you sick. Still, cleaning floors often is the key to staying safe. Though science has broken the rule, people still love to use it. Most people are familiar ____33____ this old saying and treat it as a fun social excuse. It lets people laugh when they pick up dropped snacks without feeling embarrassed. However, we should think about ____34____ (we) own safety before eating food off the ground. Small good habits can make a ____35____ (different) to the health, so we’d better stay away from dirty fallen food. IV. 读写综合（共两节，满分 25 分） 第一节 简答（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last October, Typhoon Halong swept through villages in western Alaska(阿拉斯加). It brought strong winds and floods and destroyed many homes and communities. Villagers rushed to shelters in cities, but they couldn’t take their pet dogs with them as animals weren’t allowed on evacuation flights(疏散航班). Some owners tied their dogs outside buildings. As floodwater kept rising, other dogs were stuck inside broken houses with no way out. A few days after the storm, an elderly man phoned Bethel Friends of Canines, a local pet rescue group. He asked them for help to save his dog. Jesslyn Elliott, the organization’s director, took action to start a rescue team right away. Soon, about 25 volunteers came to join the team. In only one week, they saved 170 dogs in total. The job was pretty challenging. “We have never met such a terrible natural disaster before,” Elliott said. When more local people heard the story, rescue teams from central and southern Alaska came to give a hand. They helped look for foster families(寄养家庭) and prepared special shelters for these dogs. Joel Jorgensen, an animal doctor from Anchorage, said, “All animal lovers pulled together. It was really heartwarming.” Dog owners felt greatly relaxed when they saw their pets were safe on online posts. “The typhoon was terrible, but it made people care more about each other. And no one was left behind,” one owner said. “In the face of hardship, love showed up and never went missing.” 36. Why couldn’t the villagers take their pet dogs with them? ________________________________________________________ 37. Who first started a rescue team for dogs after the typhoon? ________________________________________________________ 38. How many dogs did the volunteers save in seven days? ________________________________________________________ 39. Did rescue teams prepare shelters for dogs? ________________________________________________________ 40. What should we do when facing hardship? ________________________________________________________ 41. 书面表达 你所在的社区报上刊登了以下志愿者招聘广告。假如你是李华， 在读完上面短文中的故事后深受触动，对志愿服务产生了浓厚的兴趣，请你根据提示，用英语写一封电子邮件，申请成为一名志愿者。 要求: (1)短文必须包括图示中的所有要点，可适当发挥； (2)短文中不能出现真实的人名和校名； (3)词数 80 左右 (邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Sir or Madam, I saw your advertisement, and I’m writing to _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026-2 立信中学八下期末考试 英 语 命题人：初二英语组 审题人：李芙蓉 罗辑 注意事项： 1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。 试卷分四个部分，61 小题， 时量 100 分钟，满分 100 分。 I. 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）略 II. 阅读（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A READING LOG Name: Peter Title The Little Prince Writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Main characters The little prince, the pilot, the rose, the fox, the snake Type of novel Fantasy Summary The little prince leaves his small planet after arguing with his rose. He travels to many other planets and meets some strange adults. They only care about money or power. Later he comes to Earth and makes a new friend—a fox. The fox helps him learn that love means care. Finally, the prince knows his rose is very important to him. My opinion This book teaches me to stay honest and value the people I love. Though the story is easy to read, it brings me many meaningful lessons. It makes me think deeply about friendship and true love. Quote from the book “It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential (极其重要的) is invisible (看不见的) to the eye.” 1. What does the prince do after an argument with his rose? ①Travel to different planets. ②Meet many strange grown-ups. ③Look for other roses. ④Make friends with a fox. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ 2. What can we learn from the book? A. To only care about money and power. B. To see everything clearly with our eyes. C. To treasure our loved ones and stay honest. 【答案】1. B 2. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是读书概要，文章介绍《小王子》主要情节，讲述小王子的旅途经历，告诉我们要心怀真诚，珍惜身边所爱之人。 【1题详解】 根据“Summary”部分，王子与玫瑰争吵后：①“travels to many other planets“（前往不同星球）； ②“meets some strange adults”（遇见奇怪的成年人）；④“makes a new friend—a fox”（与狐狸交朋友）；③“寻找其他玫瑰”未提及，故正确选项为①②④。 【2题详解】 根据“My opinion”部分，书中教训为“stay honest and value the people I love”（保持诚实，珍惜所爱的人），与选项C“To treasure our loved ones and stay honest”完全一致。 B At 4:30 a.m., while most teenagers are still dreaming, 15-year-old Kofi from Ghana (加纳) has already started his daily work — collecting recyclable (可回收的) waste on the streets. Many people feel sorry for him, but Kofi does not think he is unlucky. Using the money he makes, he buys books and attends night school. “Cleaning the city and taking lessons both bring me joy,” he says with bright eyes. Not long ago, Kofi designed a simple hand-pushed cart (手推车) that sorts plastic, glass and paper while he walks. His idea not only saves time but also increases the value of recycled waste. A local company noticed his clever invention and offered him a small scholarship (奖学金). “My hands don’t look that beautiful, but my mind never stops thinking,” Kofi smiles. “Work is not only for making a living. It helps me grow little by little.” His neighbor Mensah is totally different. He is a high school graduate (毕业生), yet he refuses to do any “dirty work” . He stays at home all day long and often says, “No good work, no happiness.” However, Kofi disagrees. “Happiness doesn’t fall from a fancy job. It grows from honest work, watered by hard work.” Kofi’s story teaches us a meaningful lesson: No matter what job we have, we should pour our thoughts into it. Even a rubbish collector can turn waste into treasure and turn hard work into true happiness. 3. What does Kofi use his money to do? A. Travel around Ghana. B. Buy books and study. C. Help his neighbors. 4. Why does the writer mention Mensah in Paragraph 3? A. To explain why some people dislike dirty jobs. B. To prove that only graduates can find happiness. C. To compare Mensah’s thoughts with Kofi’s positive ideas. 5. Which of the following is TRUE about Kofi? A. The local government gave him a lot of money. B. He designed a simple hand-pushed cart to sort waste. C. He hates cleaning the streets because the work is hard. 6. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Poor Boy’s Hard Life in Ghana B. Happiness Grows from Honest Work C. How to Become a Successful Designer 【答案】3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了加纳15岁少年科菲（Kofi）靠回收废品为生、坚持学习与创新，最终在平凡劳动中收获成长与幸福的故事，传递了“诚实劳动带来真正快乐”的价值观。 【3题详解】 根据文章第一段“Using the money he makes, he buys books and attends night school.”可知，Kofi用赚的钱买书和学习。 【4题详解】 根据文章第三段Mensah认为“No good work, no happiness.”，但Kofi不同意，认为“Happiness doesn’t fall from a fancy job. It grows from honest work, watered by hard work.”可知，作者写Mensah是为了对比Mensah的想法和Kofi的积极观点。 【5题详解】 根据文章第二段“Not long ago, Kofi designed a simple hand-pushed cart (手推车) that sorts plastic, glass and paper while he walks.”可知，他设计了一个手推车来分类垃圾。 【6题详解】 通读全文可知，文章主旨是Kofi通过踏实的工作获得成长与快乐，最后一段也提到“Even a rubbish collector can turn waste into treasure and turn hard work into true happiness.”，所以最佳标题是Happiness Grows from Honest Work。 C The men’s World Cup takes place every four years. Recently, people have been arguing about a question: Is it OK to miss school for sports? Some people think it is a good idea to let children stay at home for big games. First, big sports events only come once every few years. Second, watching sports is exciting and fun. A study even shows that watching sports improves people’s well-being. Third, many kids will stay up late to watch matches and feel tired in class the next day. For this reason, supporters believe it might be better to let them rest at home instead of sitting in class without learning much. Some parents also hold the view that missing one day of school is not a great loss(损失). However, other people hold different opinions. They argue that education matters more than sports. In Mexico, the government once planned to end school early for the World Cup, but parents got angry and the plan failed. One parent group stated, “We cannot sacrifice our children’s education for a sports event.” Besides, making special rules just for football is unfair. What if students want to miss school to watch other sports? There will be no clear standards. What’s more, kids can enjoy matches after school without missing lessons. Parents can control whether their children stay up late. Some schools even play the games on classroom TVs during breaks. There is no simple answer to this heated discussion. On the one hand, it is unreasonable to say sports are more important than education. On the other hand, unexpected emergencies like heavy rain also cause students to miss classes. In short, each family should make a suitable choice for themselves. 7. How often does the men’s World Cup happen? A. Every year. B. Every two years C. Every four years. 8. Why do some people think it is OK to miss school for sports? A. Sports are less important than education. B. Watching sports brings people good feelings. C. Missing school for games is a big waste of time. 9. What does the underlined word “sacrifice” mean in Paragraph 3? A. 牺牲 B. 享受 C. 支持 10. We can infer(推断) from this text that ________. A. schools should value sports above school education B. all parents support missing school for the World Cup C. every family should make their own proper decisions 【答案】7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕“是否可以为观看体育赛事缺课”展开讨论，分别阐述支持与反对该做法的两类观点，并在文末提出每个家庭应当结合自身情况做出合适选择。 【7题详解】 第一段指出原文信息：“The men’s World Cup takes place every four years.”，这直接说明男子世界杯每四年举办一次。 【8题详解】 第二段说明支持方理由：“A study even shows that watching sports improves people’s well-being.”，观看体育赛事刺激有趣，能提升人们的幸福感，因此部分人认为为体育赛事缺课是可行的。 【9题详解】 第三段结合上下文语境：家长群体不愿为体育赛事舍弃孩子的学业，由此推断划线单词“sacrifice”含义为“牺牲”。 【10题详解】 最后一段给出总结观点：“In short, each family should make a suitable choice for themselves.”，由此可推断每个家庭应当做出适合自身的恰当决定。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 While learning a subject you don’t like may seem like a difficult task, there are ways to make it more acceptable — and even enjoyable. Here are some helpful tips. Find interesting ways to study You can make good use of technology. ____11____. Find ones that work for you. You can also try coming up with your own studying ways like making cards and creating mind maps. Connect the subject with your daily life Try to find some interesting use of the subject in your daily life. When the subject is connected with real life, ____12____. Then it will be easier to focus when you’re studying it. ____13____ Study with someone else who is in the same boat as you — someone who also has to study this unlikable subject. You can encourage and help each other when one of you gets stuck. Make a study plan and stick to it If you treat studying like a chore that you have to do, ____14____. But if you create a study plan and keep to it, then studying doesn’t seem so bad. Treat yourself after achieving a goal Give yourself a small treat after every book you read or difficult problem you solve. ____15____. Over time, this may make it easier for you to stay focused when studying. A. Find a study partner B. you may hardly make progress C. it may become interesting to you D. Small joys push you to keep going E. There are many fun apps that can help you learn 【答案】11. E 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】学习不喜欢的科目很难，文章给出了五条实用方法：找趣味学习方式、联系日常生活、找学习搭档、制定并坚持学习计划、完成目标奖励自己。 【11题详解】 根据空前一句“You can make good use of technology.（你可以好好利用科技。）”以及空后一句“Find ones that work for you.（找到适合你的。）”可知，空处应与“科技”相关，且包含复数名词以对应后文的代词“ones”。选项E中的“apps（应用程序）”正是科技在学习中的具体应用，符合语境。 【12题详解】 根据空前“When the subject is connected with real life（当这门学科与现实生活联系起来时）”以及空后“ Then it will be easier to focus when you’re studying it.（那么学习时你就更容易集中注意力。）”可知，联系生活会带来积极的变化。选项C“it may become interesting to you（它可能会让你觉得有趣）”符合逻辑，因为觉得有趣才会更容易集中注意力。 【13题详解】 本空为段落小标题。根据该段正文“Study with someone else...You can encourage and help each other...（和别人一起学习……你们可以互相鼓励和帮助。）”可知，本段的核心建议是找人一起学习。选项A“Find a study partner（找一个学习伙伴）”完美概括了段落大意。 【14题详解】 空前提到“If you treat studying like a chore that you have to do（如果你把学习当作必须做的苦差事）”，空后用“But（但是）”进行转折，说明如果制定计划并坚持，情况就不会那么糟。由此推断，空处应填入把学习当苦差事带来的消极后果。选项B“you may hardly make progress（你可能很难取得进步）”符合语境。 【15题详解】 空前建议“Give yourself a small treat...（给自己一点小奖励……）”，选项D“Small joys push you to keep going（小小的快乐会推动你继续前进）”中的“Small joys”与前文的“small treat”相呼应，恰好解释了给自己小奖励的作用和意义，逻辑连贯。 III. 语言运用（共两节，满分25 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was the last lesson before the zhongkao. After sharing exam advice, the geography teacher Ms. Zhu closed her book and looked at us softly. “All my classes for you ____16____ today. I hope over these years, you’ve learned more than just exam skills. After all, the zhongkao is not an end, but a new start of life,” she said ____17____. Then she talked about a geography term: orientation (方向). It means knowing where you are and where you are going. This idea also fits our daily life. No matter what you do, be clear about your past ____18____ and future goals before moving on. I nodded but failed to fully catch her words then. However, her talk left a deep ____19____ on me. Looking back now, I truly understand this sense of orientation. When life changes, many people face hard choices and an uncertain future, therefore, they feel worried and ____20____. Ms. Zhu also told us the story of Odysseus, a hero in the ancient Greek fiction The Odyssey (《奥德赛》). The war ____21____ him to leave home, and lots of difficulties destroyed his journey. He was once kept on an island for years, feeling lonely. But he never ____22____ himself and stuck to his goal all the time. His clear orientation and strong will helped him face all the ____23____. Life is full of unknown challenges. When you ____24____ or feel stressed, stop to think about your past progress and your wishes. It’s helpful to deal with it in ____25____ ways. Build your own sense of direction, and keep moving forward day by day. 16. A. begin B. end C. continue 17. A. hopefully B. thankfully C. successfully 18. A. secrets B. suggestions C. achievements 19. A. expression B. decision C. impression 20. A. confused B. bored C. relaxed 21. A. helped B. forced C. invited 22. A. trusted B. doubted C. proved 23. A. difficulties B. punishments C. preparations 24. A. lock up B. calm down C. get lost 25. A. practical B. historical C. classical 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述中考前朱老师结课寄语，借助地理方位概念和奥德修斯的故事，告诉我们人生要有方向感、坚定目标，从容面对人生挑战的道理。 【16题详解】 句意：今天我为你们上的所有课程都结束了。 根据前文“这是中考前的最后一节课”的语境可知，课程到此结束，end“结束”符合语境。begin“开始”、continue“继续”均与前文结课场景矛盾。 【17题详解】 句意：她满怀希望地说道。 根据后文老师鼓励学生中考是人生新起点的寄语可知，老师是带着期许和希望说话，hopefully“满怀希望地”符合语境。thankfully“感激地”、successfully“成功地”均不符句意。 【18题详解】 句意：无论做什么事，在继续前行前，都要清楚自己过往的成就和未来的目标。 根据并列结构“past ____ and future goals”可知，此处需要与未来目标对应的过往收获，achievements“成就”符合语境。secrets“秘密”、suggestions“建议”均不符合文意。 【19题详解】 句意：然而，她的一番话给我留下了深刻的印象。 固定搭配leave a deep impression on sb.表示“给某人留下深刻印象”，impression“印象”符合固定搭配和语境。expression“表情、表达”、decision“决定”均不适用该搭配。 【20题详解】 句意：当生活发生变故，很多人面临艰难抉择和未知的未来，因此他们感到焦虑困惑。 根据前文未知的未来、艰难抉择的语境可知，此处表达迷茫困惑的状态，confused“困惑的”符合语境。bored“无聊的”、relaxed“放松的”均与消极心境不符。 【21题详解】 句意：战争迫使他背井离乡，诸多磨难摧毁了他的旅途。 根据历史背景可知，战争逼迫人们离家，forced“迫使”符合语境。helped“帮助”、invited“邀请”均不符合战争的残酷语境。 【22题详解】 句意：但他从未怀疑自己，始终坚守目标。 根据后文坚守目标、最终成功的内容可知，他从未自我怀疑，doubted“怀疑”符合语境。trusted“信任”、proved“证明”均与句意相反。 【23题详解】 句意：清晰的人生方向和强大的意志帮助他直面所有困境。 根据前文他遭遇诸多旅途磨难的内容可知，此处指直面各种困难，difficulties“困难、困境”符合语境。punishments“惩罚”、preparations“准备”均不符合文意。 【24题详解】 句意：当你迷失方向或感到压力重重时，停下来回顾自己过往的进步与心愿。 根据全文核心主题人生方向感可知，此处指人生迷茫、迷失方向，get lost“迷失”符合语境。lock up“锁住”、calm down“冷静”均与主题不符。 【25题详解】 句意：用切实可行的方式应对困境会很有帮助。 根据前文反思过往、明确目标的有效应对方法可知，这些都是实用的方式，practical“实用的、切实可行的”符合语境。historical“历史的”、classical“经典的”均不符合句意。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Almost everyone has dropped tasty food on the floor and still wanted to eat it. If someone saw you drop it, they might shout the popular “5-second rule”. This rule says food is safe to eat if you pick it up in five ____26____ (second) or less. But is that really true? Recently, scientists from a British university ____27____ (do) lots of tests. For the study, they tested many kinds of foods — bread, cookies and candies. They allowed the food ____28____ (lie) on different types of flooring for 3 to 30 seconds. Not ____29____ (surprising), the longer food stays on the floor, the more bacteria (细菌) it gets. And the type of floor where the dropped food landed also has ____30____ effect. Besides, wet food gets bacteria much more easily than dry food. Many later studies agreed with this result. Many people trust the 5-second rule, ____31____ it cannot stop all bacteria. For people with healthy bodies, a little bacteria from clean floors may seldom cause problems. While if the floor carries ____32____ (harm) bacteria like Salmonella (沙门氏菌), the food will make you sick. Still, cleaning floors often is the key to staying safe. Though science has broken the rule, people still love to use it. Most people are familiar ____33____ this old saying and treat it as a fun social excuse. It lets people laugh when they pick up dropped snacks without feeling embarrassed. However, we should think about ____34____ (we) own safety before eating food off the ground. Small good habits can make a ____35____ (different) to the health, so we’d better stay away from dirty fallen food. 【答案】26. seconds 27. have done 28. to lie 29. surprisingly 30. an 31. but 32. harmful 33. with 34. our 35. difference 【解析】 【导语】本文主要探讨了“5秒定律”（食物掉在地上5秒内捡起还能吃）是否科学，通过科学家的研究指出该定律并不完全可靠，提醒人们注意饮食卫生和自身安全。 【26题详解】 句意：这个定律说，如果你在五秒或更短的时间内把食物捡起来，它就是安全可食用的。分析句子结构可知，空前有数词“five”修饰，此处应使用名词的复数形式，故填seconds。 【27题详解】 句意：最近，来自英国一所大学的科学家们做了许多测试。分析句子结构可知，根据时间状语Recently“最近”可知，句子时态通常用现在完成时，构成为“have/has done”，主语“scientists”为复数，故填have done。 【28题详解】 句意：他们让食物在不同类型的地板上放置3到30秒。分析句子结构可知，allow sb./sth. to do sth.意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，为固定用法，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to lie。 【29题详解】 句意：毫不奇怪，食物在地板上停留的时间越长，沾染的细菌就越多。分析句子结构可知，设空处位于句首且用逗号隔开，修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式，故填surprisingly。 【30题详解】 句意：而且掉落的食物落在哪种类型的地板上也有影响。分析句子结构可知，have an effect (on…)意为“（对……）有影响”，为固定搭配，且effect是以元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。 【31题详解】 句意：许多人相信5秒定律，但它不能阻止所有的细菌。分析句子结构和语境可知，前半句说人们相信该定律，后半句说它不能阻止所有细菌，前后句意存在转折关系，故填but。 【32题详解】 句意：然而，如果地板上带有像沙门氏菌这样的有害细菌，食物就会让你生病。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰其后的名词“bacteria（细菌）”，作定语，应用形容词形式，harm的形容词为harmful“有害的”，故填harmful。 【33题详解】 句意：大多数人都熟悉这句老话，并把它当作一个有趣的社交借口。根据“Most people are familiar…this old saying”可知，此处为固定搭配be familiar with，意为“对……熟悉”，故填with。 【34题详解】 句意：然而，在吃掉在地上的食物之前，我们应该考虑我们自己的安全。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰其后的名词短语“own safety”，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词为our，故填our。 【35题详解】 句意：微小的好习惯能对健康产生影响，所以我们最好远离掉在地上的脏食物。分析句子结构可知，make a difference (to…)意为“（对……）有影响/起作用”，为固定搭配，空前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式，故填difference。 IV. 读写综合（共两节，满分 25 分） 第一节 简答（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Last October, Typhoon Halong swept through villages in western Alaska(阿拉斯加). It brought strong winds and floods and destroyed many homes and communities. Villagers rushed to shelters in cities, but they couldn’t take their pet dogs with them as animals weren’t allowed on evacuation flights(疏散航班). Some owners tied their dogs outside buildings. As floodwater kept rising, other dogs were stuck inside broken houses with no way out. A few days after the storm, an elderly man phoned Bethel Friends of Canines, a local pet rescue group. He asked them for help to save his dog. Jesslyn Elliott, the organization’s director, took action to start a rescue team right away. Soon, about 25 volunteers came to join the team. In only one week, they saved 170 dogs in total. The job was pretty challenging. “We have never met such a terrible natural disaster before,” Elliott said. When more local people heard the story, rescue teams from central and southern Alaska came to give a hand. They helped look for foster families(寄养家庭) and prepared special shelters for these dogs. Joel Jorgensen, an animal doctor from Anchorage, said, “All animal lovers pulled together. It was really heartwarming.” Dog owners felt greatly relaxed when they saw their pets were safe on online posts. “The typhoon was terrible, but it made people care more about each other. And no one was left behind,” one owner said. “In the face of hardship, love showed up and never went missing.” 36. Why couldn’t the villagers take their pet dogs with them? ________________________________________________________ 37. Who first started a rescue team for dogs after the typhoon? ________________________________________________________ 38. How many dogs did the volunteers save in seven days? ________________________________________________________ 39. Did rescue teams prepare shelters for dogs? ________________________________________________________ 40. What should we do when facing hardship? ________________________________________________________ 41. 书面表达 你所在的社区报上刊登了以下志愿者招聘广告。假如你是李华， 在读完上面短文中的故事后深受触动，对志愿服务产生了浓厚的兴趣，请你根据提示，用英语写一封电子邮件，申请成为一名志愿者。 要求: (1)短文必须包括图示中的所有要点，可适当发挥； (2)短文中不能出现真实的人名和校名； (3)词数 80 左右 (邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Sir or Madam, I saw your advertisement, and I’m writing to _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】36. Because animals weren’t allowed on evacuation flights. 37. Jesslyn Elliott, the director of Bethel Friends of Canines. 38. They saved 170 dogs in total. 39. Yes. 40. We should care for each other and face hardship with love. 41. Dear Sir or Madam, I saw your advertisement, and I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer in Willow Gardens Nursing Home. I’m patient and caring, and I’m free every Sunday afternoon from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. I’m good at communicating with the elderly. I can help them with daily activities and read newspapers or interesting stories for them. Besides, I’m ready to chat with them to cheer them up. After reading the dog rescue story, I deeply realize the power of love and volunteer work. I really want to give warmth to the old people. I hope I can get this chance. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了台风过后，阿拉斯加的村民们被迫留下宠物狗撤离，随后当地和外地的救援组织及志愿者齐心协力营救这些狗的感人故事。 【36题详解】 根据文章第2段“Villagers rushed to shelters in cities, but they couldn’t take their pet dogs with them as animals weren’t allowed on evacuation flights(疏散航班).”可推知结论因为疏散航班上不允许带动物。 【37题详解】 根据文章第4段“Jesslyn Elliott, the organization’s director, took action to start a rescue team right away.可推知结论是Jesslyn Elliott首先成立了救援队。 【38题详解】 根据文章第5段“In only one week, they saved 170 dogs in total.”可推知结论是一周（七天）内志愿者救了170只狗。 【39题详解】 根据文章第6段“They helped look for foster families(寄养家庭) and prepared special shelters for these dogs.”可推知结论是救援队确实为狗准备了避难所，作肯定回答。 【40题详解】 根据文章最后一段“The typhoon was terrible, but it made people care more about each other.”以及“In the face of hardship, love showed up and never went missing.”可推知结论是面对困难时，我们应该互相关心，展现爱心。 【总体分析】电子邮件/一般现在时和一般将来时/根据海报内容，写一封申请成为养老院志愿者的电子邮件，需包含任务、时间、自身条件及申请原因等要点。 【41题详解】 【写作步骤】 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：申请邮件，主体时态一般现在时 明确要点：应聘意愿；个人性格、空闲时间；志愿工作内容；申请缘由（阅读救援故事深受触动） 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) 注意事项：词数80左右，不能出现真实校名姓名，覆盖广告全部信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接给定开头，表明写信目的——申请养老院志愿者岗位 主体段：介绍自身符合招募要求的条件，说明可以完成的志愿服务工作 结尾段：结合阅读短文的感悟阐述申请动机，表达希望获得机会 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：应聘基础条件 表达：patient and caring/free on Sunday afternoons等；good with the elderly/have enough spare time等 要点二：志愿者工作任务 表达：help the elderly with daily activities/read stories or newspapers等；chat with the elderly/cheer them up等 要点三：申请理由 表达：be moved by the dog rescue story/realize the power of volunteer work等；want to bring warmth to old people等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $