高考词汇变形记3、名词后缀–ance、-ence 专练-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦名词后缀-ance/-ence/-ancy/-ency，通过分类规则讲解、词例对比及梯度训练，构建“概念-规则-应用”的系统性学习链，提升词形转换能力与语言应用素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |后缀规则讲解|含3类变化细则及30+词例|分类归纳变化规则（直接加、去e加、与-ant/-ent形容词互变）|从后缀概念（适用对象、含义）到具体变化规则，形成规则认知链| |跟踪训练|12题同源词填空|通过形容词-名词互变强化规则应用|链接规则讲解与实际语境，实现知识迁移| |基础训练|名词辨析15题+语法填空20题+短语填空10题|结合高频考点（如importance/significance）考查词形转换与词义辨析|从单一词形转换到语境中综合运用，提升语言能力| |能力提升|阅读理解4题+七选五5题|在语篇中考查后缀派生词汇理解|通过语篇应用深化规则掌握，培养思维品质与学习能力|

高考词汇变形记-----------------------------后缀篇 3、名词后缀–ance/-ence 思维导图： 一、名词性后缀–ance/-ence 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后，或者同形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 2. 内在含义：表示行动或状况。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）在动词后面直接加-ance/-ence: 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 accept acceptance 接受 allow allowance 补贴 assist assistance 协助 annoy annoyance 恼怒 appear appearance 出现；外貌 perform performance 表演 disappear disappearance 消失 resist resistance 抵抗 differ difference 区别 refer reference 参考 exist existence 存在 prefer preference 偏好 个别词需双写词尾辅音字母再加-ence: occur occurrence 发生 (2)去-e再加-ance: 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 guide guidance 指导 insure insurance 保险 enter entrance 进入，入口 （3）与形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 形容词 名词 中文含义 形容词 名词 中文含义 important importance 重要性 distant distance 距离 significant significance 意义 resistant resistance 抵抗 ignorant ignorance 无知 assistant assistance 援助 fragrant fragrance 芳香 tolerant tolerance 宽容 elegant elegance 优雅 abundant abundance 丰富 absent absence 缺席 patient patience 耐心 present presence 在场 silent silence 沉默 confident confidence 信心 convenient convenience 方便 coincident coincidence 巧合 different difference 区别 evident evidence 证据 violent violence 暴力 excellent excellence 优秀 adolescent adolescence 青春期 dependent dependence 依靠 innocent innocence 无辜 independent independence 独立 intelligent intelligence 智力 二、名词性后缀–ancy/-ency 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后，或者与形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 2. 内在含义：表示状况或性质。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃: （1）直接加在动词之后 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 expect expectancy 期待 tend tendency 趋势 （2）与形容词后缀-ant/-ency互变 形容词 名词 中文含义 形容词 名词 中文含义 pregnant pregnancy 怀孕，孕期 efficient efficiency 效率 fluent fluency 流畅性 proficient proficiency 熟练程度 frequent frequency 频率 emergent emergency 紧急情况 current currency 通货 跟踪训练 根据句意，选择方框中的正确同源词填入句中横线。 distant—distance, fragrant—fragrance, significant—significance tolerant—tolerance, important—importance, elegant—elegance 1.Wandering in the schoolyard, you can smell the sweet __________of roses and lilies. 2.Inside this pleasingly _________ cafe, the spirit of generosity is instantly noticeable: a donation box stands in place of a cash register. 3.When the child apologized for breaking the vase, she gave him a_________ smile and let him go. 4.If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their _________. 5.Please don’t feed wild animals in a close _________ because they may attack people. 6.My grandmother is just a _________ memory for me now because I was only four when she passed away. 7.They are spending a _________ amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. 8.Decorating the house for the spring festival with plants, fruits and flowers carries special _________. 9.For many older people, driving is _________ for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others. 10.The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great_________ to African ecosystem. 11.Truly_________ chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 12.Some people believe ladies who dress with casual _________ look more attractive. 1.fragrance 2.fragrant 3.tolerant 4.tolerance. 5.distance 6.distant 7.significant 8.significance. 9.important 10. importance 11. elegant 12.elegance 基础训练 一、名词辨析题 1.The door and the windows were all closed and there was no_______of forced entry. A.scene B.sign C.signal D.sight 2.I think her opinion_________,because she is an experienced teacher. A.numbers B.calculates C.figures D.counts 3.I got a chance to work in a supermarket during my summer vacation,which has many ________ throughout the world. A.branches B.groups C.companies D.organizations 4.--I am thinking of going away after Christmas for a week or so.Somewhere warm,you know. --What kind of price ________were you thinking about?I can find the exact information for you. A.variety B.range C.list D.level 5.Competition for entry to these programs is keen,and applicants need above average grades to gain ________. A.ambition B.preference C.admission D.ability 6.The __________ behind the decision made by our restaurant is the desire to improve our service offered to our customers. A.problem B.motivation C.attempt D.realization 7.--Why are you so mad at her？ --She should give in to _______ and opened my handbag without my permission. A.concern B.convenience C.consideration D.curiosity 8.--Could you tell me the________ of making such tasty cakes？ --Well I just follow the directions in the cookbook. A.feature B.plan C.trick D.cost 9.Planning so far ahead makes no________--so many things will have changed by next year. A.sense B.room C.choice D.effort 10.It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little_______. A.use B.good C.difference D.result 11.--I'm hungry.Do you want to get much lunch now？ --Sure.Let's try the Safari Café.I'm in the ______ for a hamburger and French fries. A.emotion B.mood C.fancy D.vision 12.Although war still exists on our planet,I do believe it's possible for different ethnic groups to live together in________. A.agreement B.harmony C.connection D.comparison 13.There are hundreds of websites that will give you________on how to fish. A.expressions B.conditions C.experiences D.instructions 14.Chinese political TV series In the Name of People,which began airing on March 28th,gives a deep_______into what makes a politician's soul twisted. A.insight B.inquiry C.inspiration D.inspection 15.The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be a(n)_______ to your performance at school. A.solution B.invitation C.block D.access 1．B；2．D；3．A；4．B；5．C；6．B；7．D；8．C；9．A；10．C；11．B；12．B；13．D；14．A；15．C； 二、单句语法填空题 1.We needn't bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their ____________ (powerful) to help us. 2.Now that you are old enough to make your own ___________ (judge), you should start to pursue your career. 3.The new traffic law has gone through and will soon be put into __________ (affect). 4.The research team will brave the __________ (element) during the expedition, as they must continue collecting data despite the approaching storm. 5.The survey indicates that young learners have a strong _________ (prefer) for studying in small groups rather than working alone. 6.New measures are in place to improve English ____________ (translate) in public places in China. 7.The company is willing to bring in the new technology if it can be shown to reduce _____________ (produce) costs. 8.The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them. They hope to reach an ____________ (agree) soon. 9.I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a __________ (converse) with her. 10.Following in the footsteps of his teacher all those years ago, Mr. Wang has now passed on his skills to the new ___________ (member). 11.A conference was held to negotiate for the (resolve) of energy crisis. 12.The research team is working to reduce (expose) to air pollution. 13.In many countries, a driving license is a valid (prove) of identity. 14.They often use stories and interesting (compare) to describe historical figures or events vividly, thus engaging the reader’s interest. 15.The barefoot kid had been living in poverty, surrounded by crime and (violent). 16.He opposed (expand) of the army and navy. 17.The (assess) for the course involves written assignments and practical tests. 18.A (distinct) should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 19.Standard Entropy, standard Dissipative Structure, Ordering, — (operate) Mechanism of standardization. 20.My speech went quite well until I was put off my stroke by the (interrupt). 1.power 2.judgment/judgement 3.effect 4.elements 5.preference 6.translations 7.production 8.agreement 9.conversation 10.members 11.resolution 12.exposure 13.proof 14.comparisons 15.violence 16.expansion 17.assessment 18.distinction 19.Operation 20.interruption 三、短语填空 tear apart; consist of; cry out for; throw oneself into; be down to; speak volumes about; in one’s own right; for good measure; as opposed to; do the trick 1.Nowadays, people are spending less and less time outdoors and their body systems are _______________________ vitamin D. 2.Political disagreement about the war appeared and then __________________ this father and son. 3.These pills should ___________________, and you will feel much better in no time. 4.Every time Mum cooks lunch for us, she prepares 50g rice per person and an extra spoonful _______________________. 5.With the examination approaching, it’s time that I should ___________________ hard work. 6.This article seeks to look at benefits of physical activities _____________________ reading a book or watching television. 7.Your posture, movements and expression will __________________ you before you even open your month. 8.She became rich __________________________ rather than by any other means. 9.A committee, _______________________ ten members, will take charge of the whole project. 10.Many health problems ________________________ unhealthy habits, such as overeating, smoking and drinking. 1.crying out for  2.tore apart  3.do the trick 4.for good measure  5.throw myself into  6.as opposed to  7.speak volumes about 8.in her own right 9.consisting of 10.are down to 能力提升 一、阅读理解 For too long, we have held a narrow and biased view of nature, seeing it as something separate from our urban lives — something to be visited in natural parks or distant wilderness. We pass by the moss in a crack or the algae in a gutter (水沟) with indifference, even disgust. However, cities are not empty of life but are unique, lively ecosystems, and recognizing this should allow us to redefine what it means to be a naturalist in the modern world. Within ordinary urban landscapes, life displays extraordinary toughness and creativity. Plants and microorganisms not only survive but grow well in the heat and pollution of city gutters. Urban animals have also developed smart behaviors: Japanese crows use cars to crack nuts, and Australian cockatoos open trash bins for food. Furthermore, cities drive physical changes in their residents. Some lizards have developed stickier feet to better hold on smooth man-made surfaces. This concrete “jungle” is thus not a biological desert but a dynamic, human-made ecosystem, representing a fascinating new chapter in the story of life on our planet. Therefore, the old image of a naturalist — a professional in remote wilds — is outdated. Academic papers and online courses make biology and ecology procurable to everyone. Community labs and nature clubs enable ordinary people to do research with microscopes and other simple tools. When we accept the city as a real ecosystem, we allow everyone to become a “community scientist”. For those feeling disconnected from nature in cities, there’s a new way: just stay curious and notice the ignored ecological corners, and city life may be filled with new surprises and joys. You don’t need to be a professional scientist — anyone can be a naturalist-explorer in the urban wilderness. 1. What phenomenon does the author point out in Paragraph 1? A. Naturalists need professional training. B. City residents overlook nearby nature. C. People favor wilderness over urban life. D. Ecologists redefine biased nature concepts. 2. How does the author show cities are lively ecosystems? A. By criticizing current opinions. B. By suggesting new research findings. C. By giving examples of organism adaptation. D. By comparing biodiversity from different habitats. 3. What does the underlined word “procurable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Suitable. B. Comfortable. C. Reasonable. D. Accessible. 4. What idea does the author aim to challenge in the passage? A. Naturalists are limited to professionals. B. Evolution mainly exists in wild nature. C. Urbanization damages the environment. D. City holds a distinct and dynamic ecology. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章挑战了将自然与城市生活割裂的传统观念，指出城市本身就是充满活力的生态系统，并主张每个人都可以成为城市中的“自然主义者”。 【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“For too long, we have held a narrow and biased view of nature, seeing it as something separate from our urban lives — something to be visited in natural parks or distant wilderness. We pass by the moss in a crack or the algae in a gutter (水沟) with indifference, even disgust. (长期以来，我们对自然持有狭隘且有偏见的看法，将其视为与我们城市生活分离的东西——是在自然公园或遥远荒野中才能看到的东西。我们对裂缝中的苔藓或水沟里的藻类漠不关心，甚至厌恶)”可知，作者在第一段指出的现象是城市居民将自然视为与城市生活分离的东西，忽视身边的大自然。故选B项。 【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Plants and microorganisms not only survive but grow well in the heat and pollution of city gutters. Urban animals have also developed smart behaviors: Japanese crows use cars to crack nuts, and Australian cockatoos open trash bins for food. Furthermore, cities drive physical changes in their residents. Some lizards have developed stickier feet to better hold on smooth man-made surfaces. This concrete “jungle” is thus not a biological desert but a dynamic, human-made ecosystem, representing a fascinating new chapter in the story of life on our planet. (植物和微生物不仅在城市水沟的高温和污染中生存，而且生长良好。城市动物也发展出了聪明的行为：日本的乌鸦利用汽车来敲开坚果，澳大利亚的凤头鹦鹉会打开垃圾箱寻找食物。此外，城市还推动了其居民的身体变化。一些蜥蜴进化出了粘性更强的脚，以便更好地抓握光滑的人造表面。 这片钢筋水泥的‌“丛林”并非生态荒漠，而是一个充满活力的人造生态系统，正书写着地球生命故事中一个引人入胜的新篇章)”可知，作者通过举例说明生物在城市的适应能力来展示城市是充满活力的生态系统。故选C项。 【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Academic papers and online courses make biology and ecology procurable to everyone. (学术论文和在线课程使生物学和生态学对每个人来说都procurable)”以及后文“Community labs and nature clubs enable ordinary people to do research with microscopes and other simple tools. (社区实验室和自然俱乐部让普通人能够使用显微镜和其他简单工具进行研究)”可推知，这些资源让生物学和生态学变得“可获得的”或“易于接触的”。故划线词意为“可获得的”，与“Accessible”同义。故选D项。 【4题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第三段中“Therefore, the old image of a naturalist — a professional in remote wilds — is outdated. (因此，自然主义者的旧有形象——一个在遥远荒野工作的专业人士——已经过时了)”以及最后一段“You don’t need to be a professional scientist — anyone can be a naturalist-explorer in the urban wilderness. (你不需要成为专业的科学家——任何人都可以成为城市荒野中的自然主义探险家)”可知，作者旨在挑战“自然主义者仅限于专业人士”这一观念。故选A项。 二、七选五 Malta: Travel Guided by Locals With huge amounts of information at our fingertips in the social media-fueled Internet age, we are in theory better equipped to travel more and better. But for this Malta trip, we decided to do something different. ____1____ We’d build the trip by talking to random locals. No guidebook allowed. No smartphone either — unless we were completely lost. Approaching locals for travel tips can be awkward. So I came up with a trick: a deck of cards with common holiday questions. ____2____ Locals would draw a card and give a tip based on it. We’d follow the tip, then ask them to recommend another local to help us. How did it go? ____3____ Philip,wonderful and friendly, introduced us to almost the whole island. When asked about his “favourite lunch spot”, he drew the card and recommended Claire, who runs Mojo restaurant in Victoria. For the “favourite cafe” card, Claire suggested Gleneagles in Mgarr Harbour. It’s run by approachable Tony-a goldmine for tips and stories. ____4____ Tony, a silver-haired man with a rough voice, was one such local. He told stories of his coffee shop’s 40 years, full of emotions and old regulars. His words made those times almost tangible, making him a living connection to Gozo’s past. My message is simple. If you visit Malta, leave your guidebook and phone in your room. Go to a cafe, order a local drink, chat randomly with a local. ____5____ It grows meaningful and exciting when we connect with locals. We learn their stories, and maybe gain a new perspective. A. Our experiment started in Gozo with a local restaurant owner. B. Malta has been known for its coastal scenery and ancient ruins. C. At its core, travel revolves around genuine human connections. D. There’s no time machine, but some locals connect you to the past. E. As a natural icebreaker, these cards served to reduce the awkwardness. F. We visited many famous attractions recommended by travelers in Gozo. G. Instead of overplanning with blogs, Instagram or guidebooks, we chose chance. 【答案】1. G 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在马耳他旅行时，摒弃攻略、手机和指南书，通过随机与当地人交流、接力获取建议的方式完成旅程，体会到旅行的核心是人与人之间真诚的联结。 【1题详解】根据上文“But for this Malta trip, we decided to do something different.(不过这次马耳他之行，我们决定做些不一样的事) 以及后文“No guidebook allowed. No smartphone either — unless we were completely lost.(禁止使用旅游指南，也不准用智能手机 —— 除非我们彻底迷路了。)”可知，空格处应说明不一样的方面有哪些。G选项“Instead of overplanning with blogs, Instagram or guidebooks, we chose chance.”(我们不靠博客、社交软件或旅行指南过度规划，而是选择随缘)承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。 【2题详解】根据上文“Approaching locals for travel tips can be awkward. So I came up with a trick: a deck of cards with common holiday questions.(主动向当地人请教旅行小贴士可能会很尴尬。于是我想到了一个小妙招：一副印有常见度假问题的卡片)”可知，空格处解释卡片的作用。E选项“As a natural icebreaker, these cards served to reduce the awkwardness.(这些卡片是天然的破冰方式，能缓解尴尬)”承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。 【3题详解】根据上文“How did it go?(进展如何？)以及后文“Philip, wonderful and friendly, introduced us to almost the whole island.(出色又友好的菲利普几乎带我们认识了整座岛)”可知，空格处引出旅程的开始。A选项“Our experiment started in Gozo with a local restaurant owner.(我们的尝试从戈佐岛的一位当地餐馆老板开始)”引出下文，符合语境。故选A项。 【4题详解】根据下文“Tony, a silver-haired man with a rough voice, was one such local. He told stories of his coffee shop’s 40 years, full of emotions and old regulars. His words made those times almost tangible, making him a living connection to Gozo’s past.(托尼，一位头发花白、嗓音沙哑的男子，就是这样一位当地人。他饱含深情地讲述着自己的咖啡馆历经40年的故事，满是昔日老主顾的回忆。他的话语让那些岁月仿佛触手可及，他本人也成了连接戈佐岛过往的鲜活纽带)”可知，当地人的故事能将人们带到过去。D选项“There’s no time machine, but some locals connect you to the past.(没有时光机，但一些当地人能带你连接过去)”引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。 【5题详解】根据下文“It grows meaningful and exciting when we connect with locals.(当我们和当地人交流时，旅行变得有意义又令人兴奋)”可知，空格处点明旅行的核心。C选项“At its core, travel revolves around genuine human connections.(旅行的核心，是围绕人与人之间真诚的联结展开)总结主题，符合语境。故选C项。 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高考词汇变形记-----------------------------后缀篇 3、名词后缀–ance/-ence 思维导图： 一、名词性后缀–ance/-ence 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后，或者同形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 2. 内在含义：表示行动或状况。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）在动词后面直接加-ance/-ence: 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 accept acceptance 接受 allow allowance 补贴 assist assistance 协助 annoy annoyance 恼怒 appear appearance 出现；外貌 perform performance 表演 disappear disappearance 消失 resist resistance 抵抗 differ difference 区别 refer reference 参考 exist existence 存在 prefer preference 偏好 个别词需双写词尾辅音字母再加-ence: occur occurrence 发生 (2)去-e再加-ance: 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 guide guidance 指导 insure insurance 保险 enter entrance 进入，入口 （3）与形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 形容词 名词 中文含义 形容词 名词 中文含义 important importance 重要性 distant distance 距离 significant significance 意义 resistant resistance 抵抗 ignorant ignorance 无知 assistant assistance 援助 fragrant fragrance 芳香 tolerant tolerance 宽容 elegant elegance 优雅 abundant abundance 丰富 absent absence 缺席 patient patience 耐心 present presence 在场 silent silence 沉默 confident confidence 信心 convenient convenience 方便 coincident coincidence 巧合 different difference 区别 evident evidence 证据 violent violence 暴力 excellent excellence 优秀 adolescent adolescence 青春期 dependent dependence 依靠 innocent innocence 无辜 independent independence 独立 intelligent intelligence 智力 二、名词性后缀–ancy/-ency 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后，或者与形容词后缀-ant/-ent互变 2. 内在含义：表示状况或性质。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃: （1）直接加在动词之后 动词 派生名词 中文含义 动词 派生名词 中文含义 expect expectancy 期待 tend tendency 趋势 （2）与形容词后缀-ant/-ency互变 形容词 名词 中文含义 形容词 名词 中文含义 pregnant pregnancy 怀孕，孕期 efficient efficiency 效率 fluent fluency 流畅性 proficient proficiency 熟练程度 frequent frequency 频率 emergent emergency 紧急情况 current currency 通货 跟踪训练 根据句意，选择方框中的正确同源词填入句中横线。 distant—distance, fragrant—fragrance, significant—significance tolerant—tolerance, important—importance, elegant—elegance 1.Wandering in the schoolyard, you can smell the sweet __________of roses and lilies. 2.Inside this pleasingly _________ cafe, the spirit of generosity is instantly noticeable: a donation box stands in place of a cash register. 3.When the child apologized for breaking the vase, she gave him a_________ smile and let him go. 4.If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their _________. 5.Please don’t feed wild animals in a close _________ because they may attack people. 6.My grandmother is just a _________ memory for me now because I was only four when she passed away. 7.They are spending a _________ amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. 8.Decorating the house for the spring festival with plants, fruits and flowers carries special _________. 9.For many older people, driving is _________ for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others. 10.The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great_________ to African ecosystem. 11.Truly_________ chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 12.Some people believe ladies who dress with casual _________ look more attractive. 基础训练 一、名词辨析题 1.The door and the windows were all closed and there was no_______of forced entry. A.scene B.sign C.signal D.sight 2.I think her opinion_________,because she is an experienced teacher. A.numbers B.calculates C.figures D.counts 3.I got a chance to work in a supermarket during my summer vacation,which has many ________ throughout the world. A.branches B.groups C.companies D.organizations 4.--I am thinking of going away after Christmas for a week or so.Somewhere warm,you know. --What kind of price ________were you thinking about?I can find the exact information for you. A.variety B.range C.list D.level 5.Competition for entry to these programs is keen,and applicants need above average grades to gain ________. A.ambition B.preference C.admission D.ability 6.The __________ behind the decision made by our restaurant is the desire to improve our service offered to our customers. A.problem B.motivation C.attempt D.realization 7.--Why are you so mad at her？ --She should give in to _______ and opened my handbag without my permission. A.concern B.convenience C.consideration D.curiosity 8.--Could you tell me the________ of making such tasty cakes？ --Well I just follow the directions in the cookbook. A.feature B.plan C.trick D.cost 9.Planning so far ahead makes no________--so many things will have changed by next year. A.sense B.room C.choice D.effort 10.It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little_______. A.use B.good C.difference D.result 11.--I'm hungry.Do you want to get much lunch now？ --Sure.Let's try the Safari Café.I'm in the ______ for a hamburger and French fries. A.emotion B.mood C.fancy D.vision 12.Although war still exists on our planet,I do believe it's possible for different ethnic groups to live together in________. A.agreement B.harmony C.connection D.comparison 13.There are hundreds of websites that will give you________on how to fish. A.expressions B.conditions C.experiences D.instructions 14.Chinese political TV series In the Name of People,which began airing on March 28th,gives a deep_______into what makes a politician's soul twisted. A.insight B.inquiry C.inspiration D.inspection 15.The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be a(n)_______ to your performance at school. A.solution B.invitation C.block D.access 二、单句语法填空题 1.We needn't bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their ____________ (powerful) to help us. 2.Now that you are old enough to make your own ___________ (judge), you should start to pursue your career. 3.The new traffic law has gone through and will soon be put into __________ (affect). 4.The research team will brave the __________ (element) during the expedition, as they must continue collecting data despite the approaching storm. 5.The survey indicates that young learners have a strong _________ (prefer) for studying in small groups rather than working alone. 6.New measures are in place to improve English ____________ (translate) in public places in China. 7.The company is willing to bring in the new technology if it can be shown to reduce _____________ (produce) costs. 8.The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them. They hope to reach an ____________ (agree) soon. 9.I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a __________ (converse) with her. 10.Following in the footsteps of his teacher all those years ago, Mr. Wang has now passed on his skills to the new ___________ (member). 11.A conference was held to negotiate for the (resolve) of energy crisis. 12.The research team is working to reduce (expose) to air pollution. 13.In many countries, a driving license is a valid (prove) of identity. 14.They often use stories and interesting (compare) to describe historical figures or events vividly, thus engaging the reader’s interest. 15.The barefoot kid had been living in poverty, surrounded by crime and (violent). 16.He opposed (expand) of the army and navy. 17.The (assess) for the course involves written assignments and practical tests. 18.A (distinct) should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 19.Standard Entropy, standard Dissipative Structure, Ordering, — (operate) Mechanism of standardization. 20.My speech went quite well until I was put off my stroke by the (interrupt). 三、短语填空 tear apart; consist of; cry out for; throw oneself into; be down to; speak volumes about; in one’s own right; for good measure; as opposed to; do the trick 1.Nowadays, people are spending less and less time outdoors and their body systems are _______________________ vitamin D. 2.Political disagreement about the war appeared and then __________________ this father and son. 3.These pills should ___________________, and you will feel much better in no time. 4.Every time Mum cooks lunch for us, she prepares 50g rice per person and an extra spoonful _______________________. 5.With the examination approaching, it’s time that I should ___________________ hard work. 6.This article seeks to look at benefits of physical activities _____________________ reading a book or watching television. 7.Your posture, movements and expression will __________________ you before you even open your month. 8.She became rich __________________________ rather than by any other means. 9.A committee, _______________________ ten members, will take charge of the whole project. 10.Many health problems ________________________ unhealthy habits, such as overeating, smoking and drinking. 能力提升 一、阅读理解 For too long, we have held a narrow and biased view of nature, seeing it as something separate from our urban lives — something to be visited in natural parks or distant wilderness. We pass by the moss in a crack or the algae in a gutter (水沟) with indifference, even disgust. However, cities are not empty of life but are unique, lively ecosystems, and recognizing this should allow us to redefine what it means to be a naturalist in the modern world. Within ordinary urban landscapes, life displays extraordinary toughness and creativity. Plants and microorganisms not only survive but grow well in the heat and pollution of city gutters. Urban animals have also developed smart behaviors: Japanese crows use cars to crack nuts, and Australian cockatoos open trash bins for food. Furthermore, cities drive physical changes in their residents. Some lizards have developed stickier feet to better hold on smooth man-made surfaces. This concrete “jungle” is thus not a biological desert but a dynamic, human-made ecosystem, representing a fascinating new chapter in the story of life on our planet. Therefore, the old image of a naturalist — a professional in remote wilds — is outdated. Academic papers and online courses make biology and ecology procurable to everyone. Community labs and nature clubs enable ordinary people to do research with microscopes and other simple tools. When we accept the city as a real ecosystem, we allow everyone to become a “community scientist”. For those feeling disconnected from nature in cities, there’s a new way: just stay curious and notice the ignored ecological corners, and city life may be filled with new surprises and joys. You don’t need to be a professional scientist — anyone can be a naturalist-explorer in the urban wilderness. 1. What phenomenon does the author point out in Paragraph 1? A. Naturalists need professional training. B. City residents overlook nearby nature. C. People favor wilderness over urban life. D. Ecologists redefine biased nature concepts. 2. How does the author show cities are lively ecosystems? A. By criticizing current opinions. B. By suggesting new research findings. C. By giving examples of organism adaptation. D. By comparing biodiversity from different habitats. 3. What does the underlined word “procurable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Suitable. B. Comfortable. C. Reasonable. D. Accessible. 4. What idea does the author aim to challenge in the passage? A. Naturalists are limited to professionals. B. Evolution mainly exists in wild nature. C. Urbanization damages the environment. D. City holds a distinct and dynamic ecology. 二、七选五 Malta: Travel Guided by Locals With huge amounts of information at our fingertips in the social media-fueled Internet age, we are in theory better equipped to travel more and better. But for this Malta trip, we decided to do something different. ____1____ We’d build the trip by talking to random locals. No guidebook allowed. No smartphone either — unless we were completely lost. Approaching locals for travel tips can be awkward. So I came up with a trick: a deck of cards with common holiday questions. ____2____ Locals would draw a card and give a tip based on it. We’d follow the tip, then ask them to recommend another local to help us. How did it go? ____3____ Philip,wonderful and friendly, introduced us to almost the whole island. When asked about his “favourite lunch spot”, he drew the card and recommended Claire, who runs Mojo restaurant in Victoria. For the “favourite cafe” card, Claire suggested Gleneagles in Mgarr Harbour. It’s run by approachable Tony-a goldmine for tips and stories. ____4____ Tony, a silver-haired man with a rough voice, was one such local. He told stories of his coffee shop’s 40 years, full of emotions and old regulars. His words made those times almost tangible, making him a living connection to Gozo’s past. My message is simple. If you visit Malta, leave your guidebook and phone in your room. Go to a cafe, order a local drink, chat randomly with a local. ____5____ It grows meaningful and exciting when we connect with locals. We learn their stories, and maybe gain a new perspective. A. Our experiment started in Gozo with a local restaurant owner. B. Malta has been known for its coastal scenery and ancient ruins. C. At its core, travel revolves around genuine human connections. D. There’s no time machine, but some locals connect you to the past. E. As a natural icebreaker, these cards served to reduce the awkwardness. F. We visited many famous attractions recommended by travelers in Gozo. G. Instead of overplanning with blogs, Instagram or guidebooks, we chose chance. 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $