摘要:
**基本信息**
以"介绍他人"主题为核心,通过口诀化梳理(be动词用法口诀)、易错点警示(This is不可缩写等)和梯度化练习(从基础填空到综合运用),构建"概念-规则-应用"的语法学习体系,夯实语言能力基础,培养规范表达习惯。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|核心语法梳理|4个语法点(含句型结构+注意要点)|be动词用法口诀、have/has选用规则、易错点专项提醒|从介绍句型(This is...)到性别区分(He's/She's...),再到be动词基础用法,最后到have/has表拥有,层层递进|
|对应练习|7类题型(填空/判断/选择/连词成句)|情境化辨析(近远处用This/That)、性别指代训练(He/She区分)、综合错误修正|基础巩固→易错突破→综合应用,实现语法规则到语言实践的转化|
内容正文:
译林版英语三年级上册 Unit 4 This is my friend 核心语法精讲精练
第一部分:核心语法梳理
本单元主题为"介绍朋友",核心是掌握用"This is..."和"He's/She's..."介绍他人的表达方式,以及人称代词、物主代词和动词have的基本用法。重点语法知识点有以下四个方面:
语法一:用 "This is..." 介绍他人
基本用法
"This is..."意为"这是……",用于将某人介绍给其他人认识,或介绍距离自己较近的某物。
句型结构:
- This is + 人名/身份/与自己的关系.
- 例如:This is my friend, Zhang Hua.(这是我的朋友张华。)
- 例如:This is Su Hai. She's my friend.(这是苏海。她是我的朋友。)
注意要点:
-this is 不可以缩写为 this's,这是一个易错点。
- This is 后面既可以接男性,也可以接女性。
- 介绍他人时,可先介绍姓名,再补充说明"他/她是我的朋友":This is Wang Bing. He's my friend.(这是王兵。他是我的朋友。)
-拓展:this的对应词是that,意为"那;那个",用于介绍距离自己较远的人或事物。
语法二:用 "He's/She's..." 介绍他人
基本用法
"He's..."(=He is)表示"他是……",用于介绍男性人物;"She's..."(=She is)表示"她是……",用于介绍女性人物。
句型结构:
- He's/She's + 姓名/身份/职业/特征.
- 例如:He's Tom. He's my friend.(他是汤姆。他是我的朋友。)
- 例如:She's Emily. She's my friend.(她是埃米莉。她是我的朋友。)
注意要点:
- he指代男性,she指代女性,区分性别是重点。
- He's/She's是He is/She is的缩写形式。
- 此句型也可用来介绍职业、年龄、特征等。
语法三:be动词的用法(am/is/are)
基本用法
be动词在一般现在时中有三种形式:am、is、are,意为"是"。
用法口诀:
-I 用 am:I am Mike.(我是迈克。)
-you 用 are:You are Lucy.(你是露西。)
- is 连着他(he)、她(she)、它(it):He is Tom.(他是汤姆。)/ She is my friend.(她是我的朋友。)/ It is a cat.(它是一只猫。)
-复数形式都用 are:We are friends.(我们是朋友。)/
They are boys.(他们是男孩。)
注意要点:
- 这是本单元的核心语法之一,要牢记不同主语对应的be动词形式。
语法四:have/has 表示"拥有"
基本用法
have/has意为"有",表示某人拥有某物,强调所属关系。
选用规则:
-have:主语为I、we、you、they(第一、二人称单复数及第三人称复数)
-has:主语为第三人称单数he、she、it
例句:
- I have many friends.(我有很多朋友。)
- My father has a storybook.(我爸爸有一本故事书。)
易错提醒:
-This is不能缩写为This's:This's是错误的写法,一定要写This is。
-He's和She's要分清性别:介绍男性用He's,女性用She's,不要混淆。
-be动词的选择:记住口诀"I用am,you用are,is连着他(he)她(she)它(it),复数都用are"。
-have和has的选择:I/We/You/They用have,He/She/It用has。
-too表示"也":放在肯定句句末,如Nice to meet you too.。
第二部分:对应练习
练习一:用 This is 或 That is 填空(5分)
1. __________ my friend, Zhang Hua.(近处介绍)
2. Look! __________ a bird over there.(远处)
3. __________ my mother. She's a teacher.(近处)
4. _________ my new book, and __________ is my old book.(一近一远)
练习二:用 He's 或 She's 填空(5分)
1. This is Sam. __________ my friend.
2. This is Su Hai. __________ my friend.
3. __________ my friend, Li Yun.(提示:女性)
4. __________ my brother. He's a good boy.
5. __________ my new teacher, Miss Li.
练习三:用 be 动词(am/is/are)的适当形式填空(10分)
1. I __________ Mike.
2. You __________ Lucy.
3. He __________ Tom.
4. She __________ my friend.
5. It __________ a cat.
6. We __________ good friends.
7. They __________ students.
8. My father __________ a driver.
9. Jim and I __________ in the same class.
10. This __________ my new book.
练习四:用 have 或 has 填空(5分)
1. I __________ a new friend.
2. She __________ a cute cat.
3. We __________ many books.
4. He __________ a big bag.
5. They __________ good teachers.
练习五:判断对错,对的画"✓",错的画"✗"并改正(5分)
1. This's my friend, Mike. ( )改正:_______________
2. He is my brother. He's a good boy. ( )改正:_______________
3. She are my sister. ( )改正:_______________
4. I has a new book. ( )改正:_______________
5. This is Sam. She's my friend. ( )改正:_______________
练习六:单项选择(10分)
( ) 1. _____ my friend, Zhang Hua.
A. This's B. This is C. This
( ) 2. This is Su Hai. _____ my friend.
A. He's B. She's C. She
( ) 3. This is Wang Bing. _____ my friend too.
A. He's B. She's C. He
( ) 4. I _____ many friends in my class.
A. have B. has C. am
( ) 5. My father _____ a new car.
A. have B. has C. is
( ) 6. Look at the bird over there. _____ is small.
A. He B. She C. It
( ) 7. _____ you my friend?
A. Am B. Is C. Are
( ) 8. This is my mother. _____ is a doctor.
A. He B. She C. It
( ) 9. —Nice to meet you. —Nice to meet you _____.
A. to B. two C. too
( ) 10. _____ are good friends.
A. I and he B. He and I C. Me and he
练习七:连词成句(5分)
1. is, This, friend, my (.)
________________________________________________
2. my, He's, brother (.)
________________________________________________
3. is, she, Who (?)
________________________________________________
4. many, have, I, friends (.)
________________________________________________
5. my, is, This, sister (.)
________________________________________________
参考答案
练习一:用 This is 或 That is 填空
1. This is 2. That is 3. This is 4. This is; that is
练习二:用 He's 或 She's 填空
1. He's 2. She's 3. She's 4. He's 5. She's
练习三:用 be 动词填空
1. am 2. are 3. is 4. is 5. is 6. are 7. are 8. is 9. are 10. is
练习四:用 have 或 has 填空
1. have 2. has 3. have 4. has 5. have
练习五:判断对错
1. ✗ 改正:This is my friend, Mike.(this is不能缩写为this's)
2. ✓
3. ✗ 改正:She is my sister.(she用is,不用are)
4. ✗ 改正:I have a new book.(I用have,不用has)
5. ✗ 改正:This is Sam. He's my friend.(Sam是男孩,用He's)
练习六:单项选择
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B
练习七:连词成句
1. This is my friend.
2. He's my brother.
3. Who is she?
4. I have many friends.
5. This is my sister.
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