专题02 名词与数词（讲义）-2027年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣吉林省高职分类考试中职英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第2个专题，内容为名词与数词。 2027年吉林省（高职分类考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题02 名词与数词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 名词的用法 即时训练 考点2 数词的用法 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 吉林省2021—2025年高职分类考试真题统计 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 名词的数与所有格 考查可数名词复数的规则与不规则变化、名词所有格、名词作定语以及不可数名词的辨析。解题关键：①掌握以o结尾的名词加-es（hero→heroes）、不规则复数（goose→geese、child→children）、单复数同形（sheep）；②名词所有格’s用法（children’s home、eight hours’ sleep、Mary’s）；③名词作定语（flower shops、woman volunteer）；④不可数名词（progress、wood、rain）的辨析。常在词汇知识、语法知识和短文改错中设题。 （15）（32） 完形（63） （11）（31）（36） 改错（91） （41） 改错（95）（98） （38） 改错（91） （32）（45） 改错（91） 名词词义辨析 考查在具体语境中区分近义名词的含义。考查范围包括home/family、fever、pride、balance、fun、touch、belief、color、problem等常用名词，要求根据句义或固定短语搭配选择正确名词。主要集中在词汇知识和完形填空中考查。部分名词如progress同时涉及不可数名词的用法。 （15） （13）（16）（18） （19）（21） （12）（20） 完形（55）（59） 基数词与序数词 考查基数词和序数词的构成规则与用法。主要包括：①hundred/thousand用法：前有具体数字时用单数形式，表示概数时用hundreds of；②序数词的构成（hundredth、twenty-first）及其与定冠词the的连用；③复合数词作定语（10,000-meter-long）；④“in one’s +整十数复数”表示年龄段（in his twenties）。考查形式包括单项选择和短文改错。 （13） 改错（97） （34） 改错（94） （36） 改错（92） 名词和数词是吉林省高职分类考试英语真题中的基础考点，在词汇知识、语法知识、完形填空和短文改错中均有涉及。从2021—2025年的真题来看，命题方式主要有三类： 一是考查名词的数，包括可数名词复数的规则与不规则变化（如hero→heroes、goose→geese、sheep单复数同形）、名词所有格（’s和of结构）、名词作定语（flower shops、woman volunteer）以及不可数名词的辨析（progress、wood等）； 二是考查名词词义辨析，要求在具体语境中区分近义名词（home/family、fever/pride/balance、fun/touch/belief等）； 三是考查基数词与序数词，包括hundred/thousand的用法（具体数字+单数、hundreds of）、序数词的构成与使用（hundredth、twenty-first）以及复合数词作定语（10,000-meter-long）。名词与数词常与冠词、主谓一致、介词短语等知识点交叉考查，综合性较强。 【考点1 名词的用法】 1. 名词分类、可数名词&不可数名词 一、名词两大分类 1.专有名词（独一无二，首字母大写） 分类+例句 1）人名：Li Ming, Tom, Jack 2）地名：Jiangxi, Nanchang, China 3）节日：Spring Festival, Teachers’ Day 4）国家/机构：the United States, No.1 Middle School 2.普通名词 （1）可数名词：能直接数出个数，有单数、复数 个体名词：student, pen, apple, desk 集体名词：family, class, team, police 补充：集体名词考点（江西三校生高频） 强调整体（单数）：My family ______ a big one. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 强调成员（复数）：My family ______ watching TV. 我的家人正在看电视。 （2）不可数名词：无法直接计数，无复数，不能单独加a/an 1）物质名词（材料、液体、食物） water, rice, bread, milk, paper, meat, wood 2）抽象名词（情感、健康、建议、消息） health, happiness, advice, news, information, trouble 二、不可数名词量化表达 不可数名词不能直接加数字，需要量词短语 量词结构 例句 a piece of + 不可数名词 a piece of news 一条消息 a piece of bread 一片面包 a bottle of a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 a glass of a glass of water 一杯水 two kilos of two kilos of rice 两公斤大米 三、易混名词：既可数又不可数（词义不同） 1. chicken 可数：小鸡 a chicken；不可数：鸡肉 2. orange 可数：橙子 an orange；不可数：橙汁 3. glass 可数：玻璃杯 two glasses；不可数：玻璃 4. paper 可数：试卷、论文 a paper；不可数：纸张 2. 可数名词复数变化规则 一、规则变化（表格） 变化规则 例词 1.一般名词直接+s book→books；pen→pens；student→students 2. s/x/ch/sh/o结尾+es bus→buses；box→boxes；watch→watches；brush→brushes；tomato→tomatoes；potato→potatoes 3.辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i+es city→cities；family→families；country→countries 4.元音字母＋y结尾，直接+s boy→boys；toy→toys；day→days 5. f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v+es knife→knives；leaf→leaves；wife→wives；wolf→wolves 二、特殊不规则复数（江西三校生必考，强制背诵） 1. 单复数同形：sheep绵羊；deer鹿；fish鱼（同种类） 2. 内部元音变化：man→men；woman→women；foot→feet；tooth→teeth；child→children 3. 外来词：mouse→mice老鼠 4. 以o结尾只加s（无生命）：photo→photos；radio→radios；piano→pianos 三、名词作定语只用单数 sport sports shoes（特例），其余一律单数： apple tree → two apple trees；girl student → five girl students 3. 名词所有格 一、’s所有格（人、动物、时间、地点） 1. 单数名词直接+’s Tom’s bag 汤姆的包；today’s newspaper 今天的报纸 2. 以s结尾复数名词只加’ the students’ classroom 学生们的教室 3. 不以s结尾复数名词加’s children’s park 儿童公园；men’s room 男卫生间 4. 两人共有物品，只在后一个名词加’s Lucy and Lily’s room 露西和莉莉共有的房间 两人各自拥有物品，两个名词都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 露西和莉莉各自的书包 二、of所有格（无生命物品） the door of the classroom 教室的门 the window of the house 房子的窗户 三、双重所有格（of + 名词性物主代词/名词’s） 结构：a/an + 单数名词 + of + 名词性物主代词 / 名词’s a friend of mine 我的一位朋友 a student of Tom’s 汤姆的一名学生 即时训练 1. The teacher gave us two useful ______ on how to remember words. A. advice B. advices C. pieces of advice D. piece of advices 【答案】C 【详解】advice不可数，表示两条建议用two pieces of advice。 2. There ______ much information about the skills competition on the website. A. is B. are C. were D. be 【答案】A 【详解】information为不可数名词，作主语时谓语用单数is。 3. These ______ are used in our training room every day. A. equipment B. equipments C. tools D. tool 【答案】C 【详解】tools为可数复数，可与These和are搭配；equipment不可数不能加-s。 4. He has made great ______ in English reading this term. A. progresses B. progress C. a progress D. many progress 【答案】B 【详解】progress为不可数名词，make great progress为固定表达。 5. There are a few ______ in the notice, so please read it carefully. A. rule B. rules C. information D. advice 【答案】B 【详解】a few修饰可数名词复数，rules符合语法和语义。 6. The story tells us that many ______ worked hard for our country. A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's 【答案】C 【详解】many修饰可数复数，hero的复数为heroes。 7. There are three ______ teachers in the training center. A. woman B. women C. woman's D. womens 【答案】B 【详解】woman作定语修饰复数teachers时也变复数，women teachers表示女教师。 8. The students took a ______ bus ride to the museum. A. two hour B. two-hours C. two-hour D. two hours 【答案】C 【详解】数词+连字符+名词构成复合形容词，名词用单数形式。 9. The old worker has repaired many ______ in the factory. A. machines B. machine C. machineries D. machine's 【答案】A 【详解】many修饰可数复数，machines符合结构。 10. Several ______ fell from the tree after the wind. A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leave 【答案】C 【详解】leaf的复数为leaves。 11. The ______ room is on the second floor, and they often prepare lessons there. A. teachers B. teacher's C. teachers' D. teacher 【答案】C 【详解】表示多位教师共同使用的办公室，用复数所有格teachers'。 12. This is ______ bike. He bought it last week. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom's D. Toms' 【答案】C 【详解】表示Tom的自行车，用单数名词所有格Tom's。 13. The city will build a new ______ center next year. A. children B. children's C. childrens' D. child 【答案】B 【详解】children是不规则复数，所有格为children's。 14. We talked about the safety rules of the workshop. The phrase 'of the workshop' shows ______. A. time B. place relation C. number D. comparison 【答案】B 【详解】of the workshop表示“车间的”，无生命名词常用of结构表达所属或关联。 15. It is about ______ walk from my home to the station. A. ten minutes B. ten minute's C. ten minutes' D. ten minute 【答案】C 【详解】表示“十分钟的路程”，复数minutes后加所有格符号'，为ten minutes' walk。 【考点2 数词的用法】 1. 1-100基数词与序数词 数字 基数词 数字（序数形式） 序数词 数字 基数词 数字（序数形式） 序数词 1 one 1st first 51 fifty - one 51st fifty - first 2 two 2nd second 52 fifty - two 52nd fifty - second 3 three 3rd third 53 fifty - three 53rd fifty - third 4 four 4th fourth 54 fifty - four 54th fifty - fourth 5 five 5th fifth 55 fifty - five 55th fifty - fifth 6 six 6th sixth 56 fifty - six 56th fifty - sixth 7 seven 7th seventh 57 fifty - seven 57th fifty - seventh 8 eight 8th eighth 58 fifty - eight 58th fifty - eighth 9 nine 9th ninth 59 fifty - nine 59th fifty - ninth 10 ten 10th tenth 60 sixty 60th sixtieth 11 eleven 11th eleventh 61 sixty - one 61st sixty - first 12 twelve 12th twelfth 62 sixty - two 62nd sixty - second 13 thirteen 13th thirteenth 63 sixty - three 63rd sixty - third 14 fourteen 14th fourteenth 64 sixty - four 64th sixty - fourth 15 fifteen 15th fifteenth 65 sixty - five 65th sixty - fifth 16 sixteen 16th sixteenth 66 sixty - six 66th sixty - sixth 17 seventeen 17th seventeenth 67 sixty - seven 67th sixty - seventh 18 eighteen 18th eighteenth 68 sixty - eight 68th sixty - eighth 19 nineteen 19th nineteenth 69 sixty - nine 69th sixty - ninth 20 twenty 20th twentieth 70 seventy 70th seventieth 21 twenty - one 21st twenty - first 71 seventy - one 71st seventy - first 22 twenty - two 22nd twenty - second 72 seventy - two 72nd seventy - second 23 twenty - three 23rd twenty - third 73 seventy - three 73rd seventy - third 24 twenty - four 24th twenty - fourth 74 seventy - four 74th seventy - fourth 25 twenty - five 25th twenty - fifth 75 seventy - five 75th seventy - fifth 26 twenty - six 26th twenty - sixth 76 seventy - six 76th seventy - sixth 27 twenty - seven 27th twenty - seventh 77 seventy - seven 77th seventy - seventh 28 twenty - eight 28th twenty - eighth 78 seventy - eight 78th seventy - eighth 29 twenty - nine 29th twenty - ninth 79 seventy - nine 79th seventy - ninth 30 thirty 30th thirtieth 80 eighty 80th eightieth 31 thirty - one 31st thirty - first 81 eighty - one 81st eighty - first 32 thirty - two 32nd thirty - second 82 eighty - two 82nd eighty - second 33 thirty - three 33rd thirty - third 83 eighty - three 83rd eighty - third 34 thirty - four 34th thirty - fourth 84 eighty - four 84th eighty - fourth 35 thirty - five 35th thirty - fifth 85 eighty - five 85th eighty - fifth 36 thirty - six 36th thirty - sixth 86 eighty - six 86th eighty - sixth 37 thirty - seven 37th thirty - seventh 87 eighty - seven 87th eighty - seventh 38 thirty - eight 38th thirty - eighth 88 eighty - eight 88th eighty - eighth 39 thirty - nine 39th thirty - ninth 89 eighty - nine 89th eighty - ninth 40 forty 40th fortieth 90 ninety 90th ninetieth 41 forty - one 41st forty - first 91 ninety - one 91st ninety - first 42 forty - two 42nd forty - second 92 ninety - two 92nd ninety - second 43 forty - three 43rd forty - third 93 ninety - three 93rd ninety - third 44 forty - four 44th forty - fourth 94 ninety - four 94th ninety - fourth 45 forty - five 45th forty - fifth 95 ninety - five 95th ninety - fifth 46 forty - six 46th forty - sixth 96 ninety - six 96th ninety - sixth 47 forty - seven 47th forty - seventh 97 ninety - seven 97th ninety - seventh 48 forty - eight 48th forty - eighth 98 ninety - eight 98th ninety - eighth 49 forty - nine 49th forty - ninth 99 ninety - nine 99th ninety - ninth 50 fifty 50th fiftieth 100 one hundred 100th one hundredth 2.数词的应用 数词分类 用法细则 英文例句 中文翻译 基数词 1.表具体数字：hundred/thousand/million/billion不加s three million 三百万 2.模糊概数：hundreds/thousands/millions + of，变复数 thousands of people 成千上万的人 序数词 表示事物顺序，常用搭配the+序数词 the third lesson 第三课 数词实际应用 ①时刻：顺读法 时+分 8:15 eight fifteen 八点十五分 ①时刻：≤30分，分+past+整点 7:16 sixteen past seven 七点十六分 ①时刻：＞30分，差额+to+下一个整点 11:45 fifteen to twelve 十一点四十五（差十五分十二点） 年份、日期读法 October the tenth,2021 2021年10月10日 年代：in the+整十数复数 in the 2020s 在21世纪20年代 年龄1：基数词+years old I am 18 years old. 我十八岁。 年龄2：at the age of+基数词 at the age of seven 在七岁时 年龄3：复合形容词 数词-year-old（作定语，year单数） an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩 年龄4：in one's+整十复数，在某人几十多岁 She is in her fifties. 她五十多岁。 数词实际应用 分数/小数/百分数 分数：子基母序，分子＞1分母加s two-fifths 五分之二 小数：point表示小数点，小数位逐个读 603.09 six hundred and three point zero nine 六百零三点零九 百分数：数字+percent，percent无复数 15 percent 百分之十五 倍数：once一次/一倍，twice两次/两倍，three times三次/三倍 twice a week 一周两次 编号表达 名词+基数词=the+序数词+名词 Lesson Three=the third lesson 第三课 数词句法功能 作主语 Six will be enough. 六个就够了。 作定语 the first month 第一个月份 作表语 Two times three is six. 二乘三等于六。 作宾语 Please pass me the third. 请递给我第三个。 即时训练 16. We will learn ______ lesson tomorrow. A. the third B. three C. third D. the three 【答案】A 【详解】表示第三课这一顺序，用the third。 17. Please turn to ______ and read the dialogue. A. Page Ten B. the Page Ten C. Ten Page D. the Ten Page 【答案】A 【详解】页码编号用Page + 基数词，通常不用the。 18. About ______ of the students joined the volunteer activity. A. two third B. two thirds C. second three D. two three 【答案】B 【详解】分子大于1时分母用复数，two thirds表示三分之二。 19. He failed twice, but he wanted to try ______ time. A. the third B. a third C. three D. third 【答案】B 【详解】a third time表示“又一次、再一次”，不用the。 20. The meeting will begin at ______. A. eight thirty B. thirty eight C. the eight thirty D. eight thirtieth 【答案】A 【详解】时刻表达用基数词，eight thirty表示八点三十。 21. ______ people visited the museum during the holiday. A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Five hundreds D. Five hundreds of 【答案】B 【详解】概数表达用hundreds of，表示数以百计的。 22. There are about two ______ students in the hall. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 【答案】A 【详解】具体数字two后hundred不加-s，不接of。 23. The students had a ______ break after two classes. A. fifteen minute B. fifteen-minutes C. fifteen-minute D. fifteen minutes 【答案】C 【详解】复合形容词作定语，中间用连字符，名词minute用单数。 24. A number of tourists ______ planning to visit the lake tomorrow. A. is B. are C. was D. be 【答案】B 【详解】a number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语用复数。 25. The number of books in our reading room ______ increasing. A. is B. are C. were D. be 【答案】A 【详解】the number of表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语用单数。 题型迁移·专项应用 26. The two ______ are helping in the community service center. A. man doctor B. men doctors C. man doctors D. men doctor 【答案】B 【详解】man作定语修饰复数名词时也变复数，men doctors表示男医生。 27. There is little ______ in the bottle. A. waters B. water C. bottle D. cups 【答案】B 【详解】little修饰不可数名词，water不可数。 28. The ______ bags are on the playground. A. boys B. boy's C. boys' D. boy 【答案】C 【详解】表示多个男孩的书包，用复数所有格boys'。 29. Our classroom is on ______ floor. A. the five B. fifth C. the fifth D. five 【答案】C 【详解】表示第五层，用序数词the fifth。 30. The factory bought ______ new machines last month. A. three hundred B. three hundreds C. three hundred of D. three hundreds of 【答案】A 【详解】具体数字three后hundred不加-s，不接of。 31. This is a ______ training plan for new students. A. five day B. five-day C. five days D. five-days 【答案】B 【详解】复合形容词作定语用five-day，day用单数。 32. 错误识别：She gave me many useful information about the exam. A. gave B. many C. information D. about 【答案】B 【详解】information不可数，不能用many修饰，应改为much或a lot of。 33. 错误识别：There are two women teacher in our class. A. are B. two C. women D. teacher 【答案】D 【详解】women作定语修饰复数名词时，中心名词teacher也应为复数teachers。 34. 错误识别：The number of volunteers are growing quickly. A. number B. volunteers C. are D. quickly 【答案】C 【详解】the number of作主语时谓语用单数，应改为is。 35. 错误识别：He finished the work after a two hours rest. A. finished B. after C. two hours D. rest 【答案】C 【详解】复合形容词应为two-hour，名词hour用单数并加连字符。 36. （2021年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第32题）President Xi said in his speech that ______ come from the people and every ______ is unusual. A. hero; person B. heroes; person C. heroes; persons D. heros; person 【答案】B 【详解】hero的复数为heroes；every后接可数名词单数person。 37. （2024年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第34题）We are going to learn the ______ unit in Book ______ tomorrow. A. two; One B. second; One C. two; First D. second; First 【答案】B 【详解】the second unit表示第二单元；Book One为编号结构，用基数词One。 38. （2025年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第32题）The ______ volunteer goes to a ______ home once a week. A. woman; children B. women; children C. women; children's D. woman; children's 【答案】D 【详解】volunteer为单数，前面名词作定语用woman；children是不规则复数，所有格为children's。 39. （2025年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第36题）______ people took part in the ______ race yesterday. A. Hundreds of; 10,000-meter-long B. Hundred; 10,000 meters long C. Hundreds of; 10,000 meters long D. Hundred; 10,000-meter-long 【答案】A 【详解】概数表达为Hundreds of；复合形容词10,000-meter-long中meter用单数并用连字符。 40. （2024年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第38题）Politics ______ one of my favorite ______. A. is; subject B. is; subjects C. are; subject D. are; subjects 【答案】B 【详解】Politics作学科名词时谓语用单数is；one of后接可数名词复数subjects。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣吉林省高职分类考试中职英语真题考情，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语一轮讲练测》的第2个专题，内容为名词与数词。 2027年吉林省（高职分类考试） 《英语一轮讲练测》复习讲义 专题02 名词与数词 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 名词的用法 即时训练 考点2 数词的用法 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 考点 内容解读 吉林省2021—2025年高职分类考试真题统计 2021年 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 名词的数与所有格 考查可数名词复数的规则与不规则变化、名词所有格、名词作定语以及不可数名词的辨析。解题关键：①掌握以o结尾的名词加-es（hero→heroes）、不规则复数（goose→geese、child→children）、单复数同形（sheep）；②名词所有格’s用法（children’s home、eight hours’ sleep、Mary’s）；③名词作定语（flower shops、woman volunteer）；④不可数名词（progress、wood、rain）的辨析。常在词汇知识、语法知识和短文改错中设题。 （15）（32） 完形（63） （11）（31）（36） 改错（91） （41） 改错（95）（98） （38） 改错（91） （32）（45） 改错（91） 名词词义辨析 考查在具体语境中区分近义名词的含义。考查范围包括home/family、fever、pride、balance、fun、touch、belief、color、problem等常用名词，要求根据句义或固定短语搭配选择正确名词。主要集中在词汇知识和完形填空中考查。部分名词如progress同时涉及不可数名词的用法。 （15） （13）（16）（18） （19）（21） （12）（20） 完形（55）（59） 基数词与序数词 考查基数词和序数词的构成规则与用法。主要包括：①hundred/thousand用法：前有具体数字时用单数形式，表示概数时用hundreds of；②序数词的构成（hundredth、twenty-first）及其与定冠词the的连用；③复合数词作定语（10,000-meter-long）；④“in one’s +整十数复数”表示年龄段（in his twenties）。考查形式包括单项选择和短文改错。 （13） 改错（97） （34） 改错（94） （36） 改错（92） 名词和数词是吉林省高职分类考试英语真题中的基础考点，在词汇知识、语法知识、完形填空和短文改错中均有涉及。从2021—2025年的真题来看，命题方式主要有三类： 一是考查名词的数，包括可数名词复数的规则与不规则变化（如hero→heroes、goose→geese、sheep单复数同形）、名词所有格（’s和of结构）、名词作定语（flower shops、woman volunteer）以及不可数名词的辨析（progress、wood等）； 二是考查名词词义辨析，要求在具体语境中区分近义名词（home/family、fever/pride/balance、fun/touch/belief等）； 三是考查基数词与序数词，包括hundred/thousand的用法（具体数字+单数、hundreds of）、序数词的构成与使用（hundredth、twenty-first）以及复合数词作定语（10,000-meter-long）。名词与数词常与冠词、主谓一致、介词短语等知识点交叉考查，综合性较强。 【考点1 名词的用法】 1. 名词分类、可数名词&不可数名词 一、名词两大分类 1.专有名词（独一无二，首字母大写） 分类+例句 1）人名：Li Ming, Tom, Jack 2）地名：Jiangxi, Nanchang, China 3）节日：Spring Festival, Teachers’ Day 4）国家/机构：the United States, No.1 Middle School 2.普通名词 （1）可数名词：能直接数出个数，有单数、复数 个体名词：student, pen, apple, desk 集体名词：family, class, team, police 补充：集体名词考点（江西三校生高频） 强调整体（单数）：My family ______ a big one. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 强调成员（复数）：My family ______ watching TV. 我的家人正在看电视。 （2）不可数名词：无法直接计数，无复数，不能单独加a/an 1）物质名词（材料、液体、食物） water, rice, bread, milk, paper, meat, wood 2）抽象名词（情感、健康、建议、消息） health, happiness, advice, news, information, trouble 二、不可数名词量化表达 不可数名词不能直接加数字，需要量词短语 量词结构 例句 a piece of + 不可数名词 a piece of news 一条消息 a piece of bread 一片面包 a bottle of a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 a glass of a glass of water 一杯水 two kilos of two kilos of rice 两公斤大米 三、易混名词：既可数又不可数（词义不同） 1. chicken 可数：小鸡 a chicken；不可数：鸡肉 2. orange 可数：橙子 an orange；不可数：橙汁 3. glass 可数：玻璃杯 two glasses；不可数：玻璃 4. paper 可数：试卷、论文 a paper；不可数：纸张 2. 可数名词复数变化规则 一、规则变化（表格） 变化规则 例词 1.一般名词直接+s book→books；pen→pens；student→students 2. s/x/ch/sh/o结尾+es bus→buses；box→boxes；watch→watches；brush→brushes；tomato→tomatoes；potato→potatoes 3.辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i+es city→cities；family→families；country→countries 4.元音字母＋y结尾，直接+s boy→boys；toy→toys；day→days 5. f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v+es knife→knives；leaf→leaves；wife→wives；wolf→wolves 二、特殊不规则复数（江西三校生必考，强制背诵） 1. 单复数同形：sheep绵羊；deer鹿；fish鱼（同种类） 2. 内部元音变化：man→men；woman→women；foot→feet；tooth→teeth；child→children 3. 外来词：mouse→mice老鼠 4. 以o结尾只加s（无生命）：photo→photos；radio→radios；piano→pianos 三、名词作定语只用单数 sport sports shoes（特例），其余一律单数： apple tree → two apple trees；girl student → five girl students 3. 名词所有格 一、’s所有格（人、动物、时间、地点） 1. 单数名词直接+’s Tom’s bag 汤姆的包；today’s newspaper 今天的报纸 2. 以s结尾复数名词只加’ the students’ classroom 学生们的教室 3. 不以s结尾复数名词加’s children’s park 儿童公园；men’s room 男卫生间 4. 两人共有物品，只在后一个名词加’s Lucy and Lily’s room 露西和莉莉共有的房间 两人各自拥有物品，两个名词都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 露西和莉莉各自的书包 二、of所有格（无生命物品） the door of the classroom 教室的门 the window of the house 房子的窗户 三、双重所有格（of + 名词性物主代词/名词’s） 结构：a/an + 单数名词 + of + 名词性物主代词 / 名词’s a friend of mine 我的一位朋友 a student of Tom’s 汤姆的一名学生 即时训练 1. The teacher gave us two useful ______ on how to remember words. A. advice B. advices C. pieces of advice D. piece of advices 2. There ______ much information about the skills competition on the website. A. is B. are C. were D. be 3. These ______ are used in our training room every day. A. equipment B. equipments C. tools D. tool 4. He has made great ______ in English reading this term. A. progresses B. progress C. a progress D. many progress 5. There are a few ______ in the notice, so please read it carefully. A. rule B. rules C. information D. advice 6. The story tells us that many ______ worked hard for our country. A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's 7. There are three ______ teachers in the training center. A. woman B. women C. woman's D. womens 8. The students took a ______ bus ride to the museum. A. two hour B. two-hours C. two-hour D. two hours 9. The old worker has repaired many ______ in the factory. A. machines B. machine C. machineries D. machine's 10. Several ______ fell from the tree after the wind. A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leave 11. The ______ room is on the second floor, and they often prepare lessons there. A. teachers B. teacher's C. teachers' D. teacher 12. This is ______ bike. He bought it last week. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom's D. Toms' 13. The city will build a new ______ center next year. A. children B. children's C. childrens' D. child 14. We talked about the safety rules of the workshop. The phrase 'of the workshop' shows ______. A. time B. place relation C. number D. comparison 15. It is about ______ walk from my home to the station. A. ten minutes B. ten minute's C. ten minutes' D. ten minute 【考点2 数词的用法】 1. 1-100基数词与序数词 数字 基数词 数字（序数形式） 序数词 数字 基数词 数字（序数形式） 序数词 1 one 1st first 51 fifty - one 51st fifty - first 2 two 2nd second 52 fifty - two 52nd fifty - second 3 three 3rd third 53 fifty - three 53rd fifty - third 4 four 4th fourth 54 fifty - four 54th fifty - fourth 5 five 5th fifth 55 fifty - five 55th fifty - fifth 6 six 6th sixth 56 fifty - six 56th fifty - sixth 7 seven 7th seventh 57 fifty - seven 57th fifty - seventh 8 eight 8th eighth 58 fifty - eight 58th fifty - eighth 9 nine 9th ninth 59 fifty - nine 59th fifty - ninth 10 ten 10th tenth 60 sixty 60th sixtieth 11 eleven 11th eleventh 61 sixty - one 61st sixty - first 12 twelve 12th twelfth 62 sixty - two 62nd sixty - second 13 thirteen 13th thirteenth 63 sixty - three 63rd sixty - third 14 fourteen 14th fourteenth 64 sixty - four 64th sixty - fourth 15 fifteen 15th fifteenth 65 sixty - five 65th sixty - fifth 16 sixteen 16th sixteenth 66 sixty - six 66th sixty - sixth 17 seventeen 17th seventeenth 67 sixty - seven 67th sixty - seventh 18 eighteen 18th eighteenth 68 sixty - eight 68th sixty - eighth 19 nineteen 19th nineteenth 69 sixty - nine 69th sixty - ninth 20 twenty 20th twentieth 70 seventy 70th seventieth 21 twenty - one 21st twenty - first 71 seventy - one 71st seventy - first 22 twenty - two 22nd twenty - second 72 seventy - two 72nd seventy - second 23 twenty - three 23rd twenty - third 73 seventy - three 73rd seventy - third 24 twenty - four 24th twenty - fourth 74 seventy - four 74th seventy - fourth 25 twenty - five 25th twenty - fifth 75 seventy - five 75th seventy - fifth 26 twenty - six 26th twenty - sixth 76 seventy - six 76th seventy - sixth 27 twenty - seven 27th twenty - seventh 77 seventy - seven 77th seventy - seventh 28 twenty - eight 28th twenty - eighth 78 seventy - eight 78th seventy - eighth 29 twenty - nine 29th twenty - ninth 79 seventy - nine 79th seventy - ninth 30 thirty 30th thirtieth 80 eighty 80th eightieth 31 thirty - one 31st thirty - first 81 eighty - one 81st eighty - first 32 thirty - two 32nd thirty - second 82 eighty - two 82nd eighty - second 33 thirty - three 33rd thirty - third 83 eighty - three 83rd eighty - third 34 thirty - four 34th thirty - fourth 84 eighty - four 84th eighty - fourth 35 thirty - five 35th thirty - fifth 85 eighty - five 85th eighty - fifth 36 thirty - six 36th thirty - sixth 86 eighty - six 86th eighty - sixth 37 thirty - seven 37th thirty - seventh 87 eighty - seven 87th eighty - seventh 38 thirty - eight 38th thirty - eighth 88 eighty - eight 88th eighty - eighth 39 thirty - nine 39th thirty - ninth 89 eighty - nine 89th eighty - ninth 40 forty 40th fortieth 90 ninety 90th ninetieth 41 forty - one 41st forty - first 91 ninety - one 91st ninety - first 42 forty - two 42nd forty - second 92 ninety - two 92nd ninety - second 43 forty - three 43rd forty - third 93 ninety - three 93rd ninety - third 44 forty - four 44th forty - fourth 94 ninety - four 94th ninety - fourth 45 forty - five 45th forty - fifth 95 ninety - five 95th ninety - fifth 46 forty - six 46th forty - sixth 96 ninety - six 96th ninety - sixth 47 forty - seven 47th forty - seventh 97 ninety - seven 97th ninety - seventh 48 forty - eight 48th forty - eighth 98 ninety - eight 98th ninety - eighth 49 forty - nine 49th forty - ninth 99 ninety - nine 99th ninety - ninth 50 fifty 50th fiftieth 100 one hundred 100th one hundredth 2.数词的应用 数词分类 用法细则 英文例句 中文翻译 基数词 1.表具体数字：hundred/thousand/million/billion不加s three million 三百万 2.模糊概数：hundreds/thousands/millions + of，变复数 thousands of people 成千上万的人 序数词 表示事物顺序，常用搭配the+序数词 the third lesson 第三课 数词实际应用 ①时刻：顺读法 时+分 8:15 eight fifteen 八点十五分 ①时刻：≤30分，分+past+整点 7:16 sixteen past seven 七点十六分 ①时刻：＞30分，差额+to+下一个整点 11:45 fifteen to twelve 十一点四十五（差十五分十二点） 年份、日期读法 October the tenth,2021 2021年10月10日 年代：in the+整十数复数 in the 2020s 在21世纪20年代 年龄1：基数词+years old I am 18 years old. 我十八岁。 年龄2：at the age of+基数词 at the age of seven 在七岁时 年龄3：复合形容词 数词-year-old（作定语，year单数） an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩 年龄4：in one's+整十复数，在某人几十多岁 She is in her fifties. 她五十多岁。 数词实际应用 分数/小数/百分数 分数：子基母序，分子＞1分母加s two-fifths 五分之二 小数：point表示小数点，小数位逐个读 603.09 six hundred and three point zero nine 六百零三点零九 百分数：数字+percent，percent无复数 15 percent 百分之十五 倍数：once一次/一倍，twice两次/两倍，three times三次/三倍 twice a week 一周两次 编号表达 名词+基数词=the+序数词+名词 Lesson Three=the third lesson 第三课 数词句法功能 作主语 Six will be enough. 六个就够了。 作定语 the first month 第一个月份 作表语 Two times three is six. 二乘三等于六。 作宾语 Please pass me the third. 请递给我第三个。 即时训练 16. We will learn ______ lesson tomorrow. A. the third B. three C. third D. the three 17. Please turn to ______ and read the dialogue. A. Page Ten B. the Page Ten C. Ten Page D. the Ten Page 18. About ______ of the students joined the volunteer activity. A. two third B. two thirds C. second three D. two three 19. He failed twice, but he wanted to try ______ time. A. the third B. a third C. three D. third 20. The meeting will begin at ______. A. eight thirty B. thirty eight C. the eight thirty D. eight thirtieth 21. ______ people visited the museum during the holiday. A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Five hundreds D. Five hundreds of 22. There are about two ______ students in the hall. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 23. The students had a ______ break after two classes. A. fifteen minute B. fifteen-minutes C. fifteen-minute D. fifteen minutes 24. A number of tourists ______ planning to visit the lake tomorrow. A. is B. are C. was D. be 25. The number of books in our reading room ______ increasing. A. is B. are C. were D. be 题型迁移·专项应用 26. The two ______ are helping in the community service center. A. man doctor B. men doctors C. man doctors D. men doctor 27. There is little ______ in the bottle. A. waters B. water C. bottle D. cups 28. The ______ bags are on the playground. A. boys B. boy's C. boys' D. boy 29. Our classroom is on ______ floor. A. the five B. fifth C. the fifth D. five 30. The factory bought ______ new machines last month. A. three hundred B. three hundreds C. three hundred of D. three hundreds of 31. This is a ______ training plan for new students. A. five day B. five-day C. five days D. five-days 32. 错误识别：She gave me many useful information about the exam. A. gave B. many C. information D. about 33. 错误识别：There are two women teacher in our class. A. are B. two C. women D. teacher 34. 错误识别：The number of volunteers are growing quickly. A. number B. volunteers C. are D. quickly 35. 错误识别：He finished the work after a two hours rest. A. finished B. after C. two hours D. rest 36. （2021年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第32题）President Xi said in his speech that ______ come from the people and every ______ is unusual. A. hero; person B. heroes; person C. heroes; persons D. heros; person 37. （2024年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第34题）We are going to learn the ______ unit in Book ______ tomorrow. A. two; One B. second; One C. two; First D. second; First 38. （2025年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第32题）The ______ volunteer goes to a ______ home once a week. A. woman; children B. women; children C. women; children's D. woman; children's 39. （2025年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第36题）______ people took part in the ______ race yesterday. A. Hundreds of; 10,000-meter-long B. Hundred; 10,000 meters long C. Hundreds of; 10,000 meters long D. Hundred; 10,000-meter-long 40. （2024年吉林省高职高专院校单独招生统一考试英语试题第38题）Politics ______ one of my favorite ______. A. is; subject B. is; subjects C. are; subject D. are; subjects 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $