Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Can & Could 表委婉请求与许可（核心语法精练）26-27学年英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦Can/Could表委婉请求与许可，通过知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升三阶训练，系统构建语法应用体系，强化语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|表格对比+场景句式|Can/Could语气/用法对比，请求/许可场景句式归纳|从基础含义区分到场景应用，形成"概念-句式-拓展"逻辑链| |考点夯基|单选15题/填空15题/完成句子15题|基础用法辨析+句式转换训练|覆盖词形变化、句型转换等基础考点，巩固语法规则| |综合提升|语法选择1篇/短文填空1篇|语篇语境中语法综合应用|从单句到语篇，提升语言运用的思维品质与学习能力|

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Can & Could 表委婉请求与许可（核心语法精练） 一、单项选择。 1-5：BCBBC 6-10：CCCCC 11-15：ACBBB 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．nodded 2．Freshly 3．to join 4．planned 5．texts 6．smells 7．matter 8．notes 9．movie 10．with 11．until 12．hunt 13．almost 14．joy/joys 15．decoration 三、按要求完成句子。 1． share them with 2． clean up 3． be careful with 4． take notes 5． give you a lift 6． No matter where 7． couldn’t wait to 8． lent to 9．Could you please pass me the new book 10． Can you help to cook dinner tonight? Yes, I can. No, I can’t. 11． Does Helen need to go to the flower shop? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. 12． Will they meet at the paint shop on Sunday? Yes, they will. No, they won’t. 13． don’t clean 14．Could I use your pen? 15． Will mum grow flowers on the balcony? Yes, she will. No, she won’t. 1、 语法选择 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 二、语法填空 1．suggestions 2．a 3．actually 4．ourselves 5．importance 6．of 7．meaningful 8．meeting 9．to learn 10．and 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Can & Could 表委婉请求与许可（核心语法精练） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 6 三、按要求完成句子 8 1 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 13 Can / Could 表委婉请求与许可 1. 基础含义区分 词汇 语气 核心用法 例句 can 语气直白、口语普通 ① 现在的能力② 直白请求、许可 Can you help me?You can watch TV. could 语气更委婉、礼貌（不代表过去式） 礼貌提出请求、征求许可（日常交际首选） Could you clean the room?Could I use your phone? 2. 两大场景用法 场景①：提出请求（请求别人做某事） 句式：Can / Could you (please) + 动词原形 …? 例：Could you take out the rubbish? 场景②：征求许可（询问自己能否做某事） 句式：Can / Could I + 动词原形 …? 回答： · 肯定：Yes, you can. · 否定：Sorry, you can’t. 补充：could 表过去能力 could 可作 can 过去式，表过去拥有的能力 I could swim when I was five. 我五岁就会游泳。 一、单项选择 1．William ________ draw when he was young. Now he ________ draw much better. A．Can; could B．could; can C．can; can D．could; could 【答案】B 【详解】句意：威廉年轻时会画画，现在他能画得好得多。 can表示现在的能力，could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。根据句中“when he was young”这个过去的时间状语，第一空要用过去式could；“Now”指代当下，第二空要用现在时态的can。 2．She’d like me ________ her with her English. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helps 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她想让我帮她学习英语。 would like sb. to do sth.是固定结构，意为“想要某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式to help。 3．We need to pack up our things ________ we move to the new house. A．after B．before C．when D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要在搬进新房子之前收拾好东西。 after在……之后；before在……之前；when当……时候；because因为。根据生活常识，搬家前需要先收拾整理物品，“pack up our things”发生在“move to the new house”之前，before符合逻辑。 4．The________ smell in my home always makes me feel relaxed and warm. A．fresh B．familiar C．strange D．average 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我家熟悉的香味总是让我感到放松和温暖。 fresh新鲜的；familiar熟悉的；strange奇怪的；average普通的。根据“in my home”和“feel relaxed and warm”可知，家里的味道应该是熟悉的，这种熟悉感能让人产生放松和温暖的感觉。应填familiar。 5．— Could you please sweep the floor?   — ________. I’m doing my homework now. A．Sure B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, I can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——请问你可以扫一下地吗？——抱歉，我不能。我现在正在做作业。 Sure当然；No problem没问题；Sorry, I can’t抱歉，我不能；Yes, I can是的，我可以。根据“I’m doing my homework now.”可知，此处需要委婉拒绝对方的请求，应填Sorry, I can’t。 6．— Can you help me tidy the room?   — ________. I’m busy now. A．Sure B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, I can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能帮我整理房间吗？——抱歉，我不能。我现在很忙。 Sure当然；No problem没问题；Sorry, I can’t抱歉，我不能；Yes, I can是的，我可以。根据答语后半句“我现在很忙”的提示，此处需要礼貌拒绝请求，应选Sorry, I can’t。 7．________ tidy and comfortable our small flat is! A．What B．What a C．How D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的小公寓多么干净舒适啊！ What什么；What a好一个；How怎样；How an搭配有误。中心词为形容词“tidy and comfortable”，符合How引导的感叹句结构：“How + 形容词 + 主谓!”，故用How。 8．I often help my parents ________ housework after school. A．in B．at C．with D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：放学后我经常帮助我的父母做家务。 in在……里面；at在；with和……一起；for为了。固定搭配“help sb. with sth.”，意为“帮助某人做某事”，此处应用介词with。 9．— Could I hang out with my friends? — ______, but you have to finish your homework first. A．Yes, you could B．No, you couldn’t C．Yes, you can D．No, you can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 我能和朋友们一起出去玩吗？—— 可以，但你必须先完成作业。 Yes, you could可以；No, you couldn’t不可以；Yes, you can可以；No, you can’t不可以。根据“…, but you have to finish your homework first.”可知，是对请求的肯定回答。could提问表示委婉语气，回答时常用can，应用Yes, you can。 10．—______ I use your computer? —Sure. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Can D．Should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的电脑吗？——当然可以。给你。 Must必须；Need需要；Can能，可以；Should应该。根据“Sure. Here you are.”可知，此处是请求许可，Can常用于口语中表示请求许可。应填Can。 11．My dad will ________ flowers on the balcony this spring. A．grow B．feed C．sweep D．pack 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今年春天我爸爸将在阳台上种植花。 grow种植；feed喂养；sweep打扫；pack打包。句中“flowers on the balcony”，说明此处表示在阳台上种植花卉，grow flowers为固定搭配。应填grow。 12．—Could you please water the plants? —________. I’m busy now. A．Yes, I can B．Sure C．Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom D．No problem 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能给植物浇下水吗？——抱歉，我得去打扫浴室。我现在很忙。   Yes, I can是的，我能；Sure当然；Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom抱歉，我得去打扫浴室；No problem没问题。根据后句“I’m busy now”可知，回答者因忙碌而无法接受请求，需要礼貌拒绝，应选Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom。 13．Which sentence is a request asking the listener to do something? A．Can I open the window? B．Could you please pass me the book? C．Can I use your pen? D．Could I leave early? 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下面哪一句是请求听话人做某事的句子？ Can I open the window我可以开窗吗；Could you please pass me the book你能把书递给我吗；Can I use your pen我可以用一下你的笔吗； Could I leave early我可以早点走吗。A、C、D项主语为I，句式“Can/Could I...”用于请求许可；B项主语为you，句式“Could you please...”用于请求对方做某事；根据题干要求找出表示请求的选项，“Could you please pass me the book?”符合。 14．— Can I go to the movies? — Of course. But you ________ come back before ten. A．can B．must C．could D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以去看电影吗？——当然可以。但是你必须在十点之前回来。 can可以；must必须；could能；may可能。根据答语“Of course”可知同意了对方的请求，但连词“But”表示转折，引出后续的要求或规定，结合“come back before ten”可知这是一种强制性的义务，应用must表示“必须”。 15．—Could you give me a ride to town now? —I’m sorry, I ________. I have to do some work now. A．can B．can’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你现在能载我去镇上吗？——对不起，我不能。我现在得做些工作。 can能；can’t不能；could能；couldn’t不能。根据问句“Could you give me a ride to town now?”可知是请求对方送自己去镇上。根据答语中的“I’m sorry”以及后句“I have to do some work now.”可知对方无法帮忙，需用否定形式。虽然问句用了Could表示委婉请求，但回答现在的能力通常用can/can’t。应填can’t。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．When the man walked past our classroom, he ________ (nod) to us. 【答案】nodded 【详解】句意：当那个男人走过我们教室时，他向我们点了点头。“When the man walked past our classroom”是时间状语从句, 使用了一般过去时，提示主句时态为一般过去时，此处需填nod的过去式nodded。 2．The grass in the garden is ________ (fresh) watered and looks so green. 【答案】freshly 【详解】句意：花园里的草刚刚被浇过水，看起来很绿。空处修饰动词watered，应填副词；fresh的副词形式为freshly。 3．She practices the piano for hours every day ________ (join) in the competition. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：为了加入比赛，她每天练几个小时钢琴。结合语境，可知“join in the competition”是“practices the piano”的目的，不定式作目的状语，应填to join。 4．Our class ________ (plan) to have a study trip to the UK last month. 【答案】 planned 【详解】句意：上个月我们班计划去英国研学旅行。 根据时间状语last month（上个月）可知句子要用一般过去时，plan的过去式为planned。 5．I send short ________ (text) to my family every day. 【答案】texts 【详解】句意：我每天给我的家人发送短信息。text作名词意为“短信、文字消息”，是可数名词；此处前面无冠词，表泛指多条短信，需要使用复数形式，text的复数直接在词尾加-s，故填texts。 6．The flower ________ (smell) very sweet. 【答案】smells 【详解】句意：这朵花闻起来很香。句中主语The flower是单数可数名词，句子描述花朵本身客观的气味特征，使用一般现在时；感官系动词smell要变为第三人称单数形式smells，故填smells。 7．It doesn’t ________ (matter) if you come late. 【答案】matter 【详解】句意：你来晚了也没关系。助动词doesn’t后面必须接动词原形，括号内给出的matter本身就是动词原形。It doesn’t matter意为“没关系，不要紧”。故填matter。 8．Please take some ________ (note) about your housework. 【答案】notes 【详解】句意：请记录一下你做家务的情况。句中some后面要接可数名词复数或不可数名词，note是可数名词，应用其复数形式notes，take notes意为“记笔记”。 9．We plan to watch a ________ (movie) this Saturday. 【答案】movie 【详解】句意：我们计划这周六去看一场电影。冠词a后面要接可数名词单数，括号给出单词movie（电影）本身就是单数形式，所以直接填原形即可。 10．Be careful ________ (with) the glass plates. 【答案】with 【详解】句意：小心那些玻璃盘子。根据“Be careful”及“the glass plates”提示，be careful with“小心……”，with为介词。 11．I will wait ________ (until) you finish cleaning. 【答案】until 【详解】句意：我会一直等到你打扫完为止。“I will wait”是主句，“you finish cleaning”是从句，强调“我会一直等到你打扫完为止”，空处应填连词引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……为止”。until为连词，意为“直到”，符合句意。 12．We play a fun treasure ________ (hunt) game together. 【答案】hunt 【详解】句意：我们一起玩一个有趣的寻宝游戏。固定搭配treasure hunt表示“寻宝（游戏）”，此处用名词hunt“搜寻”。 13．We ________ (almost) finished all housework. 【答案】 almost 【详解】句意：我们几乎做完了所有家务。所给的词almost为副词，意为“几乎，差不多”。此处副词almost修饰动词finished，故填almost。 14．We shared lots of ________ (joy) during the festival. 【答案】joy/joys 【详解】句意：节日期间我们分享了许多喜悦/许多快乐的事。“lots of ”后既可接不可数名词，也可接可数名词复数。joy表示抽象笼统的“喜悦”时为不可数名词，直接用原形joy；joy表示“一件件具体开心的事”时为可数名词，复数规则变化直接加-s。 15．We bought some things for room ________ (decorate). 【答案】decoration 【详解】句意：我们购买了一些用于房间装饰的物品。for是介词，后接名词作宾语；room作定语修饰空格处名词，动词decorate变名词decoration，此处表示“装饰”这个行为用途，作不可数名词，因此填decoration。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．他们每个周末都做饼干，并和邻居们分享。 They make biscuits every weekend and ________ ________ ________ their neighbors. 【答案】 share them with 【详解】原句中“和……分享”是关键词：“和某人分享某物”对应固定搭配share sth. with sb.，此处用them指代前文的biscuits，and连接并列谓语，时态与make一致用原形。 2．在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子。 In China, people usually ________ ________ their houses before the Spring Festival. 【答案】 clean up 【详解】原句中“打扫房子”是关键词，英文中clean up表示“打扫干净”，usually（通常）是一般现在时的标志词，表示习惯性动作，主语people为复数，clean应用原形。 3．我们初来乍到，必须小心自己的一举一动。 We’re new here and must _______ __________ ________ what we do. 【答案】 be careful with 【详解】原句中“小心”是关键词。固定搭配be careful with表示“小心、留意”，must为情态动词，后接动词原形。 4．我们需要在课堂上认真记笔记。 We need to ________ ________ carefully in class. 【答案】 take notes 【详解】原句中固定搭配take notes表示记笔记，need to后接动词原形，因此填take；notes，符合句子逻辑及语境。 5．我直到晚上七点才能捎你一程。 I can’t ________ ________ ________ ________ until seven o’clock in the evening. 【答案】 give you a lift 【详解】原句中“捎你一程”是关键词，give you a lift表示“捎你一程”，can’t为情态动词否定形式，后接动词原形。 6．无论你去哪里，我都想和你一起去。 ________ ________ ________ you go, I want to go with you. 【答案】 No matter where 【详解】原句中“无论哪里”是关键词，表示“无论哪里”的短语是No matter where，此处“No matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句，符合语境，第一空位于句首，首字母大写。 7．昨晚我迫不及待地想打开父母送我的生日礼物。 I ________ ________ ________ open my birthday gift from my parents last night. 【答案】 couldn’t wait to 【详解】中文“迫不及待地做某事”对应的常用英语短语是can’t wait to do sth.。根据句末的时间状语last night（昨晚）可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故依次填写couldn’t；wait；to。 8．Jack今天早上把他的围巾借给了我。 Jack ________ his scarf ________ me this morning. 【答案】 lent to 【详解】关键词“借给”对应的英文动词是lend，其固定搭配为lend sth. to sb.（把某物借给某人），根据句末的时间状语this morning（今天早上），可知动作发生在过去，句子应使用一般过去时，动词lend的过去式是lent。因此第一空填lent，第二空填to。 9．Pass me the new book. (用could提问句子) _________________________? 【答案】Could you please pass me the new book 【详解】句意：把新书递给我。原句为祈使句，用“could”提问表示礼貌请求，需改为一般疑问句结构“Could you please + 动词原形 + 其他？”。改写后的句子为含情态动词的一般疑问句，句首用Could，后接主语you，please表示礼貌，动词pass用原形。 10．You can help to cook dinner tonight. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答） 一般疑问句：_________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 【答案】 Can you help to cook dinner tonight? Yes, I can. No, I can’t. 【详解】原句句意：今晚你能帮忙做晚饭。原句中含有情态动词can。变为一般疑问句时，将can直接提到句首，首字母大写，句末句号改为问号。肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语+can”。否定回答结构为“No, 主语+can’t ”。 11．Helen needs to go to the flower shop. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 【答案】 Does Helen need to go to the flower shop? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. 【详解】句意：海伦需要去花店。原句为一般现在时的陈述句，主语Helen是第三人称单数，谓语needs是实义动词，改为一般疑问句时，借助助动词Does提到句首并大写，后接动词原形need。肯定回答用“Yes, she does.”，否定回答用“No, she doesn’t.”。 12．They will meet at the paint shop on Sunday. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 【答案】 Will they meet at the paint shop on Sunday? Yes, they will. No, they won’t. 【详解】句意：他们周日将在油漆店碰面。原句含有助动词will，改为一般疑问句时应将will提到句首，首字母大写，其余不变，句末改为问号；其肯定回答为“Yes, 主语+will.”，否定回答为“No, 主语+won’t.”，主语用they与原句保持一致。 13．I clean my bedroom every day. (改为否定句) I ________ ________ my bedroom every day. 【答案】 don’t clean 【详解】句意：我每天打扫我的卧室。原句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称I，谓语动词是实义动词clean；变否定句时，需要借助助动词do的否定形式don’t，后接动词原形clean。 14．Can I use your pen?（将问句改为更礼貌的could问句，保持原意） → _________________________________________________ 【答案】Could I use your pen? 【详解】句意：我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？原句用Can引导表示请求，改为礼貌句式将Can替换为Could，其余内容不变，故填Could I use your pen? 15．Mum will grow flowers on the balcony. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_____________________ 否定回答：_____________________ 【答案】 Will mum grow flowers on the balcony? Yes, she will. No, she won’t. 【详解】句意：妈妈将在阳台上种花。原句为一般将来时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，将助动词Will提到句首且大写，后接主语Mum。肯定回答用Yes, she will.，否定回答用No, she won’t. 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Home is the warmest place on earth. I 1 in a small flat with my parents. They are hard-working and gentle. They always make our home 2 and full of joy. Every early morning, my mum gets up early 3 breakfast for our family. My dad usually helps me 4 my difficult lessons after work. I am a student who 5 to keep my personal space neat. I often spend 30 minutes 6 my bedroom every day. On weekends, my family often 7 together for fun. We share funny stories and our daily feelings. There is no place 8 home. I believe a nice family environment makes people 9 healthy and happy. I love my family and I will try my best 10 a better kid at home. 1．A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 2．A．clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．cleans 3．A．make B．to make C．making D．makes 4．A．at B．in C．with D．for 5．A．like B．likes C．liked D．liking 6．A．tidy B．tidying C．to tidy D．tidied 7．A．stay B．stays C．staying D．stayed 8．A．as B．than C．like D．for 9．A．feel B．feels C．feeling D．felt 10．A．be B．being C．to be D．been 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者温暖的家庭生活，包括父母的付出、作者的习惯以及家庭活动，表达了对家的热爱。 【详解】1．句意：我和父母住在一个小公寓里。 根据主语“I”且时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形，live符合语境。lives三单，lived过去式，living不能作谓语。 2．句意：他们总是让我们的家干净且充满欢乐。 根据“make+宾语+形容词”结构，此处需形容词作宾补，clean为形容词。cleaning/cleaned/cleans均为动词形式，不符合语法。 3．句意：每天清晨，我妈妈早起为我们家人做早餐。 根据语境，早起是为了做早餐，表目的用动词不定式to make。make/making/makes均不能表目的。 4．句意：我爸爸通常下班后帮我解决困难的功课。 根据固定搭配help sb. with sth.“在某方面帮助某人”，可知选with。at/in/for搭配不当。 5．句意：我是一个喜欢保持个人空间整洁的学生。 根据先行词“a student”是单数，从句谓语动词用三单形式，likes符合语境。like原形，liked过去式，liking不能作谓语。 6．句意：我每天经常花30分钟整理卧室。 根据固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，可知用动名词tidying。tidy/to tidy/tidied形式错误。 7．句意：周末，我们家人经常待在一起娱乐。 根据后文“We share”可知family此处指家庭成员，视作复数，谓语用原形，stay符合语境。stays三单，staying/stayed时态或形式不符。 8．句意：没有地方比得上家。 根据固定俗语There is no place like home“金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝”，可知选like。as/than/for语义不通。 9．句意：我相信良好的家庭环境让人们感到健康快乐。 根据make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，可知用动词原形feel。feels、feeling、felt形式错误。 10．句意：我会尽我最大的努力在家里成为一个更好的孩子。 根据固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.，可知用不定式to be。be/being/been形式错误。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you do any chores at home or take any labor (劳动) courses at school? These activities can not only help you form good habits but also benefit (受益) you in the future. But do you know how to make your hands-on abilities better? Here are some 1 (suggestion). First, do chores at home. It’s not difficult to do some simple tasks like washing dishes or taking out the rubbish. Many students think it is 2 waste of time. But 3 (actual), it is necessary because it teaches us basic life skills. We can live independently (独立) by 4 (we) and deal with changes in life. Second, take labor courses at school. Now primary and middle schools offer different kinds of labor courses. These courses can let students realize the 5 (important) of labor. In fact, many Japanese schools have made practical training a key part of education. Students can freely choose from these courses to learn life skills. Don’t forget to take part in competitions. For example, if you win in a cake-making competition, your parents will be proud 6 you. These competitions make your school life more 7 (meaning). Through them, you may look forward to 8 (meet) new friends. Moreover, they will encourage you 9 (learn) more social skills. It’s really important to take labor education both at school 10 at home, which will help you become more and more independent when growing up. 【答案】 1．suggestions 2．a 3．actually 4．ourselves 5．importance 6．of 7．meaningful 8．meeting 9．to learn 10．and 【导语】本文从在家做家务、在学校参加劳动课程和参与相关比赛三个方面，介绍了提升动手能力的方法，强调了学校和家庭劳动教育对个人成长、培养独立性的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：这里有一些建议。“some”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，suggestion是可数名词，所以要变为复数形式suggestions。 2．句意：许多学生认为这是浪费时间。固定搭配a waste of time表示“浪费时间”。 3．句意：但实际上，这是必要的，因为它教会我们基本的生活技能。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，actual的副词形式是actaully。 4．句意：我们可以独立生活，应对生活中的变化。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自”，这里主语是“We”，所以反身代词用ourselves。 5．句意：这些课程能让学生认识到劳动的重要性。“the+名词+of...”结构表示“……的……”，important的名词形式是importance。 6．句意：例如，如果你在蛋糕制作比赛中获胜，你的父母会为你感到骄傲。固定搭配be proud of表示“为……感到骄傲”。 7．句意：这些比赛让你的学校生活更有意义。“make sth+形容词”表示“使某物……”，meaning的形容词形式是meaningful。 8．句意：通过它们，你可能会期待认识新朋友。固定搭配look forward to doing sth.表示“期待做某事”，应用meet的动名词形式meeting。 9．句意：此外，它们会鼓励你学习更多的社交技能。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to learn。 10．句意：在学校和家庭都接受劳动教育真的很重要，这将帮助你在成长过程中变得越来越独立。固定搭配both...and...表示“……和……都”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Can & Could 表委婉请求与许可（核心语法精练） 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 6 三、按要求完成句子 8 1 一、语法选择 11 二、短文填空 13 Can / Could 表委婉请求与许可 1. 基础含义区分 词汇 语气 核心用法 例句 can 语气直白、口语普通 ① 现在的能力② 直白请求、许可 Can you help me?You can watch TV. could 语气更委婉、礼貌（不代表过去式） 礼貌提出请求、征求许可（日常交际首选） Could you clean the room?Could I use your phone? 2. 两大场景用法 场景①：提出请求（请求别人做某事） 句式：Can / Could you (please) + 动词原形 …? 例：Could you take out the rubbish? 场景②：征求许可（询问自己能否做某事） 句式：Can / Could I + 动词原形 …? 回答： · 肯定：Yes, you can. · 否定：Sorry, you can’t. 补充：could 表过去能力 could 可作 can 过去式，表过去拥有的能力 I could swim when I was five. 我五岁就会游泳。 一、单项选择 1．William ________ draw when he was young. Now he ________ draw much better. A．Can; could B．could; can C．can; can D．could; could 2．She’d like me ________ her with her English. A．help B．helping C．to help D．helps 3．We need to pack up our things ________ we move to the new house. A．after B．before C．when D．because 4．The________ smell in my home always makes me feel relaxed and warm. A．fresh B．familiar C．strange D．average 5．— Could you please sweep the floor?   — ________. I’m doing my homework now. A．Sure B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, I can 6．— Can you help me tidy the room?   — ________. I’m busy now. A．Sure B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, I can 7．________ tidy and comfortable our small flat is! A．What B．What a C．How D．How an 8．I often help my parents ________ housework after school. A．in B．at C．with D．for 9．— Could I hang out with my friends? — ______, but you have to finish your homework first. A．Yes, you could B．No, you couldn’t C．Yes, you can D．No, you can’t 10．—______ I use your computer? —Sure. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Can D．Should 11．My dad will ________ flowers on the balcony this spring. A．grow B．feed C．sweep D．pack 12．—Could you please water the plants? —________. I’m busy now. A．Yes, I can B．Sure C．Sorry, I have to clean the bathroom D．No problem 13．Which sentence is a request asking the listener to do something? A．Can I open the window? B．Could you please pass me the book? C．Can I use your pen? D．Could I leave early? 14．— Can I go to the movies? — Of course. But you ________ come back before ten. A．can B．must C．could D．may 15．—Could you give me a ride to town now? —I’m sorry, I ________. I have to do some work now. A．can B．can’t C．could D．couldn’t 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．When the man walked past our classroom, he ________ (nod) to us. 2．The grass in the garden is ________ (fresh) watered and looks so green. 3．She practices the piano for hours every day ________ (join) in the competition. 4．Our class ________ (plan) to have a study trip to the UK last month. 5．I send short ________ (text) to my family every day. 6．The flower ________ (smell) very sweet. 7．It doesn’t ________ (matter) if you come late. 8．Please take some ________ (note) about your housework. 9．We plan to watch a ________ (movie) this Saturday. 10．Be careful ________ (with) the glass plates. 11．I will wait ________ (until) you finish cleaning. 12．We play a fun treasure ________ (hunt) game together. 13．We ________ (almost) finished all housework. 14．We shared lots of ________ (joy) during the festival. 15．We bought some things for room ________ (decorate). 三、按要求完成句子。 1．他们每个周末都做饼干，并和邻居们分享。 They make biscuits every weekend and ________ ________ ________ their neighbors. 2．在中国，人们通常在春节前打扫房子。 In China, people usually ________ ________ their houses before the Spring Festival. 3．我们初来乍到，必须小心自己的一举一动。 We’re new here and must _______ __________ ________ what we do. 4．我们需要在课堂上认真记笔记。 We need to ________ ________ carefully in class. 5．我直到晚上七点才能捎你一程。 I can’t ________ ________ ________ ________ until seven o’clock in the evening. 6．无论你去哪里，我都想和你一起去。 ________ ________ ________ you go, I want to go with you. 7．昨晚我迫不及待地想打开父母送我的生日礼物。 I ________ ________ ________ open my birthday gift from my parents last night. 8．Jack今天早上把他的围巾借给了我。 Jack ________ his scarf ________ me this morning. 9．Pass me the new book. (用could提问句子) _________________________? 10．You can help to cook dinner tonight. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答） 一般疑问句：_________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 11．Helen needs to go to the flower shop. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 12．They will meet at the paint shop on Sunday. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________ 否定回答：_________________ 13．I clean my bedroom every day. (改为否定句) I ________ ________ my bedroom every day. 14．Can I use your pen?（将问句改为更礼貌的could问句，保持原意） → _________________________________________________ 15．Mum will grow flowers on the balcony. 一般疑问句：_________________________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_____________________ 否定回答：_____________________ 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Home is the warmest place on earth. I 1 in a small flat with my parents. They are hard-working and gentle. They always make our home 2 and full of joy. Every early morning, my mum gets up early 3 breakfast for our family. My dad usually helps me 4 my difficult lessons after work. I am a student who 5 to keep my personal space neat. I often spend 30 minutes 6 my bedroom every day. On weekends, my family often 7 together for fun. We share funny stories and our daily feelings. There is no place 8 home. I believe a nice family environment makes people 9 healthy and happy. I love my family and I will try my best 10 a better kid at home. 1．A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 2．A．clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．cleans 3．A．make B．to make C．making D．makes 4．A．at B．in C．with D．for 5．A．like B．likes C．liked D．liking 6．A．tidy B．tidying C．to tidy D．tidied 7．A．stay B．stays C．staying D．stayed 8．A．as B．than C．like D．for 9．A．feel B．feels C．feeling D．felt 10．A．be B．being C．to be D．been 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Do you do any chores at home or take any labor (劳动) courses at school? These activities can not only help you form good habits but also benefit (受益) you in the future. But do you know how to make your hands-on abilities better? Here are some 1 (suggestion). First, do chores at home. It’s not difficult to do some simple tasks like washing dishes or taking out the rubbish. Many students think it is 2 waste of time. But 3 (actual), it is necessary because it teaches us basic life skills. We can live independently (独立) by 4 (we) and deal with changes in life. Second, take labor courses at school. Now primary and middle schools offer different kinds of labor courses. These courses can let students realize the 5 (important) of labor. In fact, many Japanese schools have made practical training a key part of education. Students can freely choose from these courses to learn life skills. Don’t forget to take part in competitions. For example, if you win in a cake-making competition, your parents will be proud 6 you. These competitions make your school life more 7 (meaning). Through them, you may look forward to 8 (meet) new friends. Moreover, they will encourage you 9 (learn) more social skills. It’s really important to take labor education both at school 10 at home, which will help you become more and more independent when growing up. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $