内容正文:
专题5
动词、动词短语
2027年云南省职教高考 英语一轮复习·教学课件
6大核心考点 | 60道即时练习 | 18道真题回顾 | 备考策略
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课程目录
考情解码
命题趋势与复习目标
考点1
系动词与感官动词
考点2
易混动词辨析
考点3
动词短语辨析
考点4
非谓语动词固定搭配
考点5
情态动词
考点6
词性转换
真题精讲
2022-2026年真题回顾与备考建议
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考情分析
云南省职教高考英语·动词命题特征与趋势
必考内容
动词是每年云南职教高考英语必考内容,覆盖词汇语法单选、完形填空、阅读理解、词性转换四大题型
分值占比
约占总分的15%-20%,直接影响总成绩。其中词汇语法单选中每年均有3-5题涉及动词
高频考点
动词短语辨析、非谓语固定搭配、情态动词、易混动词辨析、词性转换、系动词
备考策略
“夹击式”备考:着重理解动词的语境功能,而非死记硬背,强化辨析能力与真题训练
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复习目标
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知识目标
掌握系动词、易混动词辨析、动词短语、非谓语动词固定搭配、情态动词、词性转换6大核心知识点
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能力目标
能结合语境选用恰当动词;读懂阅读中的动词短语;熟练完成动词各类词形转换
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应试目标
对标词汇语法单选、完形填空、阅读理解、词性转换四大题型,做到综合运用动词知识高效解题
▶ 动词是英语句子核心,也是云南职教高考必考内容。动词知识贯穿所有题型,必须全面掌握。
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知识体系思维导图
6大核心考点·系统化学习
系动词与感官动词
状态/持续/变化/感官
易混动词辨析
say/tell, see/look, borrow/lend...
动词短语辨析
turn/look/break/give/come系列
非谓语固定搭配
to do/doing 区分
情态动词
can/must/should/need/shall
词性转换
动词→名词/形容词/副词
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考点1
系动词与感官动词(上)
状态系动词与持续系动词
类别 例词 说明 示例
状态系动词 be (am/is/are/was/were) 最常用 He is a teacher. / They were happy.
持续系动词 keep, remain, stay, lie 保持某种状态 Keep quiet. / Stay calm. / The town lies quiet.
区别: keep强调主动保持;stay强调暂时状态;remain正式;lie表示处于某种状态
持续系动词均可后接形容词作表语。keep quiet = stay quiet = remain quiet
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考点1
系动词与感官动词(下)
变化系动词与感官系动词 + 核心规则
类别 例词 说明 示例
变化系动词 become, get, turn, grow, go, come 表示变化 It gets warmer. / He became angry. / The leaves turn yellow.
感官系动词 look, sound, taste, smell, feel 感官感受 The flowers smell sweet. / The plan sounds good.
♦ 核心规则:系动词后接形容词作表语,不接副词!He looks happy (√) He looks happily (×)
♦ 感官动词主动表被动,不用被动语态!The soup tastes delicious (√) is tasted (×)
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考点1 例题
系动词与感官动词(上)
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1. The flowers in the garden ______ sweet.
A. are smelt B. smell C. is smelt D. smelt
答案:B
smell作系动词“闻起来”,主动表被动。
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2. She ______ very young for her age.
A. sees B. looks C. watches D. finds
答案:B
look作系动词“看起来”,后接形容词。
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3. The soup ______ delicious. I want more.
A. is tasted B. tastes C. is tasting D. tasted
答案:B
taste作系动词“尝起来”,主动表被动。
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4. He ______ angry when he heard the news.
A. became B. turned C. grew D. all above
答案:D
become/turn/grow都可表示“变得”,强调状态变化。
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5. Please ______ quiet in the library.
A. keep B. stay C. remain D. all above
答案:D
keep/stay/remain都可表示“保持”。keep quiet最常用。
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考点1 例题
系动词与感官动词(下)
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6. The cloth ______ soft and smooth.
A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt
答案:A
feel作系动词“摸起来”,主动表被动。
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7. As spring comes, the weather gets ______.
A. warm and warm B. warmer and warmer
答案:B
get是变化系动词,比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越……”。
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8. The plan ______ good. Let's try it.
A. hears B. sounds C. listens D. listens to
答案:B
sound作系动词“听起来”,后接形容词。
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9. The story ______ interesting. Everyone likes it.
A. is sounded B. sounds C. is sounding D. was sounded
答案:B
interesting是形容词,前需系动词。sound interesting“听起来有趣”。
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10. He ______ very happy at the party last night.
A. looked B. looked at C. was looked D. looking
答案:A
look作系动词“看起来”,过去式looked。look at是行为动词“看着”。
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考点2
易混动词辨析(上)
say/speak/tell/talk · see/look/watch/read · listen/hear
易混词 辨析要点 示例
say / speak / tell / talk say+内容;speak+语言;tell sb. sth./故事;talk to/with sb. He said "Hello". / She speaks English. / Tell me a story.
see / look / watch / read see看见(结果);look at看(动作);watch观看(动态);read阅读 I saw a bird. / Look at the board. / Watch TV. / Read a book.
listen / hear listen to听(动作);hear听见(结果) Listen to me. / I heard a noise.
♦ 辨析技巧:看动词后面跟什么——say+说话内容;speak+语言;tell+人;talk+介词
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考点2
易混动词辨析(中)
receive/accept · bring/take/fetch/carry · spend/cost/pay/take
易混词 辨析要点 示例
receive / accept receive收到(客观);accept接受(主观) I received a gift but didn't accept it.
bring / take / fetch / carry bring带来;take带走;fetch去取来;carry搬运(无方向) Bring me the book. / Take it away. / Carry the bag.
spend / cost / pay / take sb. spend...on/(in)doing; sth. cost sb...; sb. pay...for; It takes sb...to do She spent 100 yuan on it. / It cost me 100. / I paid 100 for it. / It takes me 1h to do it.
♦ “花费”四组的主语是关键:spend人作主语;cost物作主语;pay人作主语+for;take用It作形式主语
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考点2
易混动词辨析(下)
borrow/lend/keep · raise/rise
易混词 辨析要点 示例
borrow / lend / keep borrow借入(borrow sth. from sb.);lend借出(lend sb. sth.);keep保留(延续性动词) Can I borrow your pen? / I lent him my book. / You can keep it for 2 weeks.
raise / rise raise及物动词“举起/提高”;rise不及物动词“上升/升起” Raise your hand. / The sun rises in the east.
♦ borrow/lend是短暂性动词,不能与时间段连用;keep是延续性动词,可与时间段连用。
♦ raise是及物动词,后接宾语;rise是不及物动词,不接宾语,无被动语态。
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考点2 例题
易混动词辨析(上)
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1. Can you ______ me the truth?
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
答案:C
tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。say+内容,speak+语言。
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2. I ______ a dog barking outside last night.
A. listened B. listened to C. heard D. heard of
答案:C
hear“听到”强调结果;listen to强调动作。
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3. It ______ me two hours to finish the task.
A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took
答案:D
It takes sb. some time to do sth.固定句型。
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4. Could you please ______ your book here tomorrow?
A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry
答案:B
bring“带来”,从别处带到说话人处。
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5. She ______ her English teacher about the exam yesterday.
A. said B. spoke C. told D. talked to
答案:D
talk to sb. about sth.“和某人谈论某事”。
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考点2 例题
易混动词辨析(下)
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6. I ______ 200 yuan for this beautiful dress.
A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took
答案:C
pay (money) for sth.“为某物付钱”。
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7. He ______ his hand to ask a question.
A. rose B. raised C. risen D. raising
答案:B
raise是及物动词,raise one's hand“举手”。
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8. You can ______ the book from the library for two weeks.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. get
答案:C
keep延续性动词,可与时间段for two weeks连用。
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9. I ______ him some money last week, but he hasn't returned it.
A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. got
答案:B
lend sb. sth.“借给某人某物”。borrow是借入。
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10. The price of the house ______ a lot in recent years.
A. raised B. rises C. has risen D. was raised
答案:C
rise不及物,无被动。in recent years现在完成时。
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考点3
动词短语辨析(上)
动词短语的四种类型
类型 结构 例词
动词+介词 v. + prep. look for(寻找), look at(看), wait for(等待), listen to(听), depend on(依靠)
动词+副词 v. + adv. turn on/off/up/down, pick up, put away, give up, look up
动词+副词+介词 v. + adv. + prep. look forward to, catch up with, come up with, get along with
动词+名词+介词 v. + n. + prep. take care of, pay attention to, make use of, take part in
♦ 动词短语的意义往往与动词原意不同,必须作为固定搭配整体记忆。例如:give up≠“给+向上”,而是“放弃”。
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考点3
动词短语辨析(中)
高频短语:turn系列 + look系列
核心动词 短语 含义 示例
turn turn on 打开(电器) Please turn on the TV.
turn off 关掉(电器) Turn off the light before you leave.
turn up 调大(音量)/出现 Can you turn up the radio? / He turned up late.
turn down 调小(音量)/拒绝 He turned down the job offer.
look look for 寻找(动作) She is looking for her keys.
look after 照顾 The old man looks after his grandson.
look up 查阅 Look up the new words in the dictionary.
look forward to 期待(+doing) I look forward to hearing from you.
♦ turn系列在真题中出现频率极高,尤其turn off、turn up、turn down电器类场景。
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考点3
动词短语辨析(下)
高频短语:break系列 + give系列 + come系列
核心动词 短语 含义 示例
break break out 爆发(火灾/战争) Fire broke out in the kitchen.
break down 出故障/崩溃 The car broke down on the way.
break up 分手/破碎 They broke up last year.
give give up 放弃 Never give up your dreams.
give out 分发/耗尽 The teacher gave out the papers.
give away 捐赠/泄露 He gave away his old clothes.
come come up with 想出(主意) He came up with a good idea.
come true 实现(梦想) His dream came true.
come across 偶遇 I came across an old friend.
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考点3 例题
动词短语辨析(上)
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1. Please ______ the light before you leave the room.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
答案:B
turn off“关掉(灯/电器)”。
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2. Can you ______ the radio ______ a little? I can't hear clearly.
A. turn; on B. turn; off C. turn; up D. turn; down
答案:C
turn up“调大(音量)”,听不清需要调大。
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3. She is looking ______ her keys everywhere.
A. at B. for C. after D. up
答案:B
look for“寻找”强调动作。
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4. The fire ______ in the kitchen and caused great damage.
A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke off
答案:B
break out“(火灾)爆发”;break down“出故障”。
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5. We should never ______ our dreams.
A. give out B. give away C. give up D. give in
答案:C
give up“放弃”。give out“分发”,give away“捐赠”。
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考点3 例题
动词短语辨析(下)
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6. He ______ a good idea for the project.
A. came up with B. came across C. came true D. came out
答案:A
come up with“想出(主意/计划)”。
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7. You need to ______ the new words in the dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after
答案:C
look up“查阅(字典/资料)”。
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8. The old man ______ his grandson while his son was at work.
A. looked at B. looked for C. looked after D. looked up
答案:C
look after“照顾”。
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9. I am looking forward ______ hearing from you.
A. at B. for C. to D. on
答案:C
look forward to doing sth.固定搭配,to是介词,后接动名词。
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10. He ______ a good job offer to start his own business.
A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down
答案:D
turn down“拒绝”一份好工作。
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考点4
非谓语动词固定搭配(上)
非谓语动词概述——不定式、动名词、分词
类型 形式 核心语义 与逻辑主语关系
不定式 to do / not to do ①目的(为了……);②未发生的动作 主动(逻辑主语发出动作)
动名词 doing / not doing ①习惯、抽象动作;②作宾语/主语 主动(逻辑主语发出动作)
现在分词 doing / not doing ①主动;②进行(动作正在发生) 主动、进行
过去分词 done / not done ①被动;②完成(动作已发生) 被动、完成
♦ 本考点重点掌握动词后接不定式(to do)或动名词(doing)的固定搭配,这是职教高考高频考点。
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考点4
非谓语动词固定搭配(中)
V. + to do / V. + doing / V. + sb. + to do
搭配类型 例词 示例
V. + to do want, decide, hope, wish, learn, plan, refuse, offer, promise, afford, choose, agree He decided to go abroad. / I want to be a doctor.
V. + doing enjoy, finish, practice, mind, avoid, suggest, consider, imagine, feel like, can't help, be busy, be worth We enjoy singing. / She practiced playing the piano. / Avoid making the same mistake.
V. + sb. + to do ask, tell, want, encourage, allow, invite, order, force, warn, expect, remind My teacher encourages me to study harder. / He asked me to help him.
♦ 记忆技巧:常见to do动词可编成顺口溜“想要决定希望学,计划拒绝提供答应”。doing可记“享受完成练习,介意避免建议”。
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考点4
非谓语动词固定搭配(下)
V. + sb. + doing + 意义不同组
搭配类型 例词 示例
V. + sb. + doing see, hear, watch, notice, find, keep, feel I saw him playing basketball. / She heard someone singing.
意义不同组 stop to do(停下来去做) / stop doing(停止在做) He stopped to smoke. vs He stopped smoking.
remember to do(记得去做) / remember doing(记得做过) Remember to lock the door. vs I remember locking it.
forget to do(忘记去做) / forget doing(忘记做过) Don't forget to call me. vs I'll never forget meeting you.
♦ 区分关键:to do表示未做/将做;doing表示已做/正在做。“stop to do = 停下来去做另一件事”,“stop doing = 停止正在做的事”。
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考点4 例题
非谓语动词固定搭配(上)
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1. He decided ______ abroad for further study.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
答案:B
decide to do“决定做某事”。
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2. We enjoy ______ English songs in class.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang
答案:C
enjoy doing“喜欢做某事”。
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3. My teacher encourages me ______ harder.
A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied
答案:B
encourage sb. to do“鼓励某人做某事”。
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4. I saw him ______ basketball when I passed by.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
答案:C
see sb. doing“看见某人正在做”。
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5. Don't forget ______ the door when you leave.
A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked
答案:B
forget to do“忘记去做(还没做)”。
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考点4 例题
非谓语动词固定搭配(下)
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6. She practiced ______ the piano every day for the competition.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
答案:C
practice doing“练习做某事”。
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7. He asked me ______ him with his math.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
答案:B
ask sb. to do“要求某人做某事”。
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8. I remember ______ the book to the library last week.
A. return B. to return C. returning D. returned
答案:C
remember doing“记得做过(已做)”。
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9. We should avoid ______ the same mistake again.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
答案:C
avoid doing“避免做某事”。
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10. What do you want ______ when you grow up?
A. be B. to be C. being D. been
答案:B
want to do“想要做某事”。
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考点5
情态动词(上)
can/could · may/might · must
情态动词 用法 例句
can / could 能力、允许、请求(could更委婉) I can swim. / Can I use your pen? / Could you help me?
may / might 允许、可能性(might更微弱) May I come in? / It may rain tomorrow.
must 必须(主观),否定mustn't=禁止 You must finish homework. / You mustn't smoke here.
♦ Must疑问句回答:肯定Yes, you must. 否定No, you needn't / don't have to. (千万不能用mustn't回答Must疑问句!)
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考点5
情态动词(中)
have to · should · need · shall
情态动词 用法 例句
have to 不得不(客观,有人称/时态变化) I have to get up early because of the bus. / She has to go now.
should 应该(义务、建议) You should see a doctor. / We should study hard.
need 需要(常用于否定/疑问句) Need I go? / You needn't come.
shall 征求意见(一/三人称疑问句) Shall we go now? / Shall he come in?
♦ Need疑问句回答:肯定Yes, you must. 否定No, you needn't.
♦ must vs have to:must主观必须;have to客观不得不。
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考点5
情态动词(下)
易错点对比与考试陷阱
对比项 区别 例句
mustn't vs needn't mustn't = 禁止(不能做);needn't = 不必(可以不做) You mustn't smoke. (禁止) / You needn't come. (不必)
must vs have to must主观必须;have to客观不得不,有时态变化 I must study hard. (自己觉得) / It's raining. I have to stay. (客观)
can vs may can表能力/请求;may表允许/可能(正式) Can you swim? (能力) / May I come in? (允许)
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考点5 例题
情态动词(上)
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1. You ______ cross the road when the traffic light is red.
A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't
答案:C
mustn't“禁止”,红灯时禁止过马路。
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2. — Must I finish the work today? — No, you ______.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't
答案:C
Must...?否定回答用needn't/don't have to“不必”。
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3. ______ you please pass me the salt?
A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need
答案:A
Can/Could you please...?表示请求。
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4. She ______ speak three languages fluently.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
答案:A
can表示“能力”,能够。
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5. You look tired. You ______ go to bed early tonight.
A. can B. may C. should D. need
答案:C
should表示建议“应该”。
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考点5 例题
情态动词(下)
1
6. — ______ I come in? — Yes, please.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Should
答案:B
May I...?表示请求许可,“我可以……吗?”
2
7. Children ______ play with fire. It's dangerous.
A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't
答案:D
mustn't“禁止”,禁止玩火。
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8. It's raining heavily. We ______ stay at home.
A. have to B. must C. can D. may
答案:A
have to强调客观“不得不”。下大雨不得不待在家。
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9. — Need I go with you? — Yes, you ______.
A. must B. need C. can D. may
答案:A
Need I...?肯定回答用Yes, you must.“是的,你必须”。
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10. ______ we go to the park this weekend?
A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Need
答案:B
Shall we...?表示建议,征求意见,“我们……好吗?”
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考点6
词性转换(上)
动词→名词 + 动词→形容词
转换类型 常见后缀/变化 例词
动词→名词 -tion/-sion, -ment, -ing, -ure develop→development; educate→education; build→building; decide→decision
动词→形容词 -ing/-ed, -able, -ive, -ful interest→interesting/-ed; enjoy→enjoyable; act→active; help→helpful
♦ interest词组是考试重点:interesting修饰物(the book is interesting);interested修饰人(be interested in)。
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考点6
词性转换(中)
动词→副词 + 动词否定 + 时态/语态变化
转换类型 常见后缀/变化 例词
动词→副词 -ly careful→carefully; happy→happily; quick→quickly
动词否定 un-, dis-, mis- like→dislike; agree→disagree; appear→disappear; understand→misunderstand
时态/语态变化 -s/-es, -ed, -ing, -en(不规则) play→plays/played/playing; write→wrote/written/writing
♦ 副词修饰动词:listen carefully“仔细听”,而非careful“仔细的”。
♦ y结尾变副词:去y+ily (happy→happily, easy→easily)
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考点6
词性转换(下)
高频易错词汇总
原词(动词) 名词 形容词 副词
believe belief believable -
develop development developed/developing -
decide decision decisive decisively
succeed success successful successfully
act action/activity active actively
interest interest interesting/interested interestingly
help help helpful helpfully
care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly
build building - -
educate education educational educationally
♦ 考试重点:decide→decision; succeed→success→successful→successfully; believe→belief(注意拼写)
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考点6 例题
词性转换(上)
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1. She has a strong ______ (believe) in herself.
答案:belief
have a strong belief in“对……有坚定信念”,belief是believe的名词。
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2. The ______ (develop) of AI technology is amazing.
答案:development
the development of“……的发展”,development名词。
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3. We should make a ______ (decide) as soon as possible.
答案:decision
make a decision“做决定”,decision是decide的名词。
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4. He is an ______ (act) member of the club.
答案:active
active member“活跃的成员”,active是act的形容词。
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5. This movie is very ______ (interest). I like it.
答案:interesting
interesting“有趣的”,修饰物,作表语。
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考点6 例题
词性转换(下)
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6. She is ______ (interest) in learning Chinese.
答案:interested
be interested in“对……感兴趣”,interested修饰人。
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7. Please listen ______ (careful) to the teacher.
答案:carefully
listen carefully“仔细听”,副词修饰动词。
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8. He ______ (success) in passing the exam last year.
答案:succeeded
succeed in doing“成功做某事”,过去式succeeded。
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9. We should be ______ (help) to others.
答案:helpful
be helpful to“对……有帮助”,helpful形容词。
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10. There is a beautiful ______ (build) near the park.
答案:building
a beautiful building“一栋漂亮的建筑”,building名词。
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真题精讲
2022年职教高考真题回顾
年份 题号 题目 选项 答案 解析
2022 9 I have ___ a gift from him, but I'm not going to ___ it. A. received; accepted B. received; accept C. accepted; receive D. accept; receive B receive客观“收到”;accept主观“接受”
2022 10 Fire ___ in the kitchen. A. broke out B. broke off C. broke on D. broke of A break out“(火灾/战争)爆发”
2022 15 I will call you as soon as I ___ back home. A. come B. comes C. will come D. shall come A “主将从现”:as soon as从句用一般现在时
2022 17 More and more people ___ mobile payment. A. prefers B. prefer to C. prefer D. prefering C prefer“更喜欢”,people复数用原形
2022 27 The baby is in danger, so a doctor must ___ at once. A. be sent for B. send C. send for D. be sent A send for a doctor被动语态 be sent for
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真题精讲
2023年职教高考真题回顾
年份 题号 题目 选项 答案 解析
2023 22 Put on more clothes. It's snowing ___ outside. A. strong B. heavy C. strongly D. heavily D snow heavily“下大雪”,heavily副词修饰snow
2023 24 We should ___ lights in time if we don't need them. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on C turn off“关掉(灯/电器)”
2023 25 He showed us pictures that he ___ in Shanghai. A. had taken B. took C. takes D. will take A take pictures“拍照”,发生在showed之前,过去完成时
2023 27 Wind can ___ to produce electricity. A. have used B. be used C. used D. use B can be used“可被用来”,被动语态
2023 29 Stop ___ about the situation. Just think about what we can do. A. complain B. to complain C. complaining D. complained C stop doing“停止做某事”
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真题精讲
2024—2025年职教高考真题回顾
年份 题号 题目 选项 答案 解析
2024 24 I often ___ English with my classmates. A. look for B. look in C. go over D. check in C go over“复习/重温”
2024 26 Tom ___ CCTV English News every morning. A. listen B. listen to C. hear D. listens to D He第三人称单数+listen to“听(广播)”
2024 30 He ___ to be excellent. A. prove B. proving C. has been proved D. was proving A prove (to be)+adj.系动词用法
2025 22 My English teacher encourages me ___ English. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice D encourage sb. to do“鼓励某人做某事”
2025 23 You can ___ the new words in a dictionary. A. look up B. look at C. look over D. look down A look up“查阅(单词/信息)”
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真题精讲
2026年职教高考真题回顾 + 命题规律
年份 题号 题目 选项 答案 解析
2026 19 My brother is interested in ___ stamps. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect D. collect A be interested in doing“对做某事感兴趣”
2026 21 Mike wanted ___ hiking, but it rained heavily. A. go B. to go C. going D. went B want to do“想要做某事”
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知识回顾——思维导图
系动词与感官动词
状态 be /持续 keep,stay /变化 become,get /感官 look,sound,taste
易混动词辨析
say/tell、see/look、hear/listen、receive/accept、bring/take、spend/cost/pay、borrow/lend、raise/rise
动词短语辨析
turn系列、look系列、break系列、give系列、come系列、三组介词短语、四组名词短语
非谓语固定搭配
to do (want,decide)、doing (enjoy,practice)、sb to do (encourage)、sb doing (see)、意义不同组
情态动词
can/could能力、may/might可能、must必须、have to不得不、should应该、need需要、shall征求意见
词性转换
动→名 -tion/-ment、动→形 -ing/-ed/-able、动→副 -ly、否定 un-/dis-、时态变化 -s/-ed/-ing
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总结与备考建议
专题5 动词、动词短语·课后作业
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① 复习笔记
完成本专题复习讲义、笔记整理,建立错题本
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② 专项训练
完成《专题5 动词、动词短语 专题训练卷》(53题)
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③ 真题精练
重点研究2022-2026年职教高考真题中的动词相关题目
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④ 短语积累
每天背诵10个动词短语,按turn/look/break/give/come分组记忆
专题5 动词、动词短语 · 讲课完毕
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