专题5 动词、动词短语（讲义）-2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为动词、动词短语。 2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题5 动词、动词短语（复习讲义） 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 系动词与感官动词 即时训练 考点2 易混动词辨析 即时训练 考点3 动词短语辨析 即时训练 考点4 非谓语动词固定搭配 即时训练 考点5 情态动词 即时训练 考点6 词性转换 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 动词是英语句子核心，也是云南职教高考必考内容。结合 2023—2026 年真题考情，本次复习将对标词汇语法单选、完形填空、阅读理解、词性转换四大题型，熟练掌握易混动词辨析、动词短语、情态动词与非谓语固定搭配，能结合语境选用恰当动词，读懂阅读中的动词短语，熟练完成动词各类词形转换，做到综合运用动词知识高效解题。 【考点1 系动词与感官动词】 常见系动词分类： 类别 例词 说明 状态系动词 be (am/is/are/was/were) 最常用 持续系动词 keep, remain, stay, lie 保持某种状态 变化系动词 become, get, turn, grow, go, come 表示变化 感官系动词 look, sound, taste, smell, feel 感官感受 注意：系动词后接形容词作表语，而非副词。He looks happy. (√) He looks happily. (×) 【即时练习】 1. The flowers in the garden ______ sweet. A. are smelt B. smell C. is smelt D. smelt 【答案】B 【解析】smell作系动词，意为“闻起来”，主动表被动，后接形容词sweet。 2. She ______ very young for her age. A. sees B. looks C. watches D. finds 【答案】B 【解析】look作系动词，意为“看起来”，相当于seem。 3. The soup ______ delicious. I want more. A. is tasted B. tastes C. is tasting D. tasted 【答案】B 【解析】taste作系动词，意为“尝起来”，主动表被动，主语是单数The soup。 4. He ______ angry when he heard the news. A. became B. turned C. grew D. all above 【答案】D 【解析】become、turn、grow都可表示“变得”，强调状态变化。 5. Please ______ quiet in the library. A. keep B. stay C. remain D. all above 【答案】D 【解析】keep、stay、remain都可表示“保持”。keep quiet最常用。 6. The cloth ______ soft and smooth. A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt 【答案】A 【解析】feel作系动词，意为“摸起来”，主动表被动。 7. As spring comes, the weather gets ______. A. warm and warm B. warmer and warmer C. warmly D. more warm 【答案】B 【解析】get是变化系动词，比较级+and+比较级表示“越来越……”。 8. The plan ______ good. Let's try it. A. hears B. sounds C. listens D. listens to 【答案】B 【解析】sound作系动词，意为“听起来”。 9. The story ______ interesting. Everyone likes it. A. is sounded B. sounds C. is sounding D. was sounded 【答案】B 【解析】interesting是形容词，前需系动词。sound interesting意为“听起来有趣”。 10. He ______ very happy at the party last night. A. looked B. looked at C. was looked D. looking 【答案】A 【解析】look作系动词，意为“看起来”，过去式是looked。 【考点2 易混动词辨析】 易混词 辨析要点 例句 say / speak / tell / talk say+内容；speak+语言；tell+sb. sth./故事；talk+to/with sb. about sth. He said “Hello”. / She speaks English. / Tell me a story. / Let's talk about it. see / look / watch / read see看见（结果）；look看（动作，常+at）；watch观看（动态）；read阅读（书、报） I saw a bird. / Look at the blackboard. / Watch TV. / Read a book. listen / hear listen听（动作，常+to）；hear听见（结果） Listen to me carefully. / I heard a noise. receive / accept receive收到（客观）；accept接受（主观） I received a gift but didn't accept it. bring / take / fetch / carry bring带来；take带走；fetch去取来；carry搬运（无方向） Bring me the book. / Take it away. / Fetch some water. / Carry the bag. spend / cost / pay / take spend人+spend+时间/钱+(in)doing/on sth.；cost物+cost+人+钱；pay人+pay+钱+for sth.；takeIt takes+人+时间+to do sth. She spent 100 yuan on the dress. / It cost me 100 yuan. / I paid 100 yuan for it. / It takes me an hour to do homework. borrow / lend / keep borrow借入；lend借出；keep保留（延续性动词） Can I borrow your pen? / I lent him my book. / You can keep the book for two weeks. raise / rise raise及物动词，意为“举起、提高”；rise不及物动词，意为“上升、升起” Raise your hand. / The sun rises in the east. 【即时练习】 1. Can you ______ me the truth? A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk 【答案】C 【解析】tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”，是固定搭配。 2. I ______ a dog barking outside last night. A. listened B. listened to C. heard D. heard of 【答案】C 【解析】hear意为“听到”，强调结果；listen to强调动作。 3. It ______ me two hours to finish the task. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 【答案】D 【解析】It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。 4. Could you please ______ your book here tomorrow? A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry 【答案】B 【解析】bring意为“带来”，指从别处带到说话人处。句意为“明天把你的书带来”。 5. She ______ her English teacher about the exam yesterday. A. said B. spoke C. told D. talked to 【答案】D 【解析】talk to sb. about sth.意为“和某人谈论某事”。 6. I ______ 200 yuan for this beautiful dress. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 【答案】C 【解析】pay (money) for sth.意为“为某物付钱”。 7. He ______ his hand to ask a question. A. rose B. raised C. risen D. raising 【答案】B 【解析】raise是及物动词，后直接接宾语；rise是不及物动词。 8. You can ______ the book from the library for two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. get 【答案】C 【解析】keep是延续性动词，可与时间段连用；borrow和lend都是短暂性动词。 9. I ______ him some money last week, but he hasn't returned it. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. got 【答案】B 【解析】lend sb. sth.意为“借给某人某物”。 10. The price of the house ______ a lot in recent years. A. raised B. rises C. has risen D. was raised 【答案】C 【解析】rise意为“上升”，是不及物动词，无被动语态。与in recent years连用，应用现在完成时。 【考点3 动词短语辨析】 动词短语是动词+介词/副词构成的固定搭配，意义往往与动词原意不同。常见类型： 类型 例词 动词+介词 look for (寻找), look at (看), wait for (等待), listen to (听), depend on (依靠) 动词+副词 turn on (打开), turn off (关掉), turn up (调大/出现), turn down (调小/拒绝), pick up (捡起/接人), put away (收拾), give up (放弃), look up (查阅) 动词+副词+介词 look forward to (期待), catch up with (赶上), come up with (想出), get along with (与……相处) 动词+名词+介词 take care of (照顾), pay attention to (注意), make use of (利用), take part in (参加) 高频考点短语： · turn系列：turn on/off/up/down · look系列：look for/at/over/up/after/forward to · break系列：break out (爆发), break down (出故障/崩溃), break up (分手/破碎) · give系列：give up (放弃), give out (分发/耗尽), give away (捐赠/泄露) · come系列：come up with (想出), come true (实现), come across (偶遇) 【即时练习】 1. Please ______ the light before you leave the room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 【答案】B 【解析】turn off意为“关掉（灯、电器等）”，符合句意。 2. I can't hear the radio clearly. Can you ______ it ______ a little? A. turn; on B. turn; off C. turn; up D. turn; down 【答案】C 【解析】turn up意为“调大（音量）”，符合句意“听不清楚，需要调大”。 3. She is looking ______ her keys everywhere, but can't find them. A. at B. for C. after D. up 【答案】B 【解析】look for意为“寻找”，强调动作。 4. The fire ______ in the kitchen and caused great damage. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke off 【答案】B 【解析】break out意为“（战争、火灾等）爆发”，符合句意。 5. We should never ______ our dreams. A. give out B. give away C. give up D. give in 【答案】C 【解析】give up意为“放弃”，符合句意“不应放弃梦想”。 6. He ______ a good idea for the project. A. came up with B. came across C. came true D. came out 【答案】A 【解析】come up with意为“想出（主意、计划等）”，符合句意。 7. You need to ______ the new words in the dictionary. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after 【答案】C 【解析】look up意为“查阅（字典、资料等）”，符合句意。 8. The old man ______ his grandson while his son was at work. A. looked at B. looked for C. looked after D. looked up 【答案】C 【解析】look after意为“照顾”，符合句意“照顾孙子”。 9. I am looking forward ______ hearing from you. A. at B. for C. to D. on 【答案】C 【解析】look forward to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”。 10. He ______ a good job offer because he wanted to start his own business. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down 【答案】D 【解析】turn down意为“拒绝”，符合句意“拒绝了一份好工作”。 【考点4 非谓语动词固定搭配】 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）在句中充当除谓语以外的成分。本考点重点掌握动词后接不定式或动名词的固定搭配。 类型 形式 核心语义 与逻辑主语关系 不定式 肯定： to do 否定： not to do ①目的（为了……）； ②未发生的动作； 主动（逻辑主语发出动作） 动名词 肯定：doing 否定：not doing ①习惯、抽象动作； ②作宾语/主语（表动作） 主动（逻辑主语发出动作，或无明确逻辑主语） 现在分词 肯定：doing 否定：not doing ①主动（逻辑主语发出动作）； ②进行（动作正在发生） 主动、进行 过去分词 肯定：done 否定：not done ①被动（逻辑主语承受动作）； ②完成（动作已发生） 被动、完成 搭配类型 例词 V. + to do want, decide, hope, wish, learn, plan, refuse, offer, promise, afford, choose, agree V. + doing enjoy, finish, practice, mind, avoid, suggest, consider, imagine, feel like, can't help, be busy, be worth V. + sb./sth. + to do ask, tell, want, encourage, allow, invite, order, force, warn, expect, remind V. + sb./sth. + doing see, hear, watch, notice, find, keep, feel V. + to do / doing 意义不同 stop to do（停下来去做）/ stop doing（停止在做）；remember to do（记得去做）/ remember doing（记得做过）；forget to do（忘记去做）/ forget doing（忘记做过） 【即时练习】 1.He decided ______ abroad for further study. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 【答案】B 【解析】decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。 2. We enjoy ______ English songs in class. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang 【答案】C 【解析】enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。 3. My teacher encourages me ______ harder. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 【答案】B 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 4. I saw him ______ basketball on the playground when I passed by. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 【答案】C 【解析】see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。 5. Don't forget ______ the door when you leave. A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked 【答案】B 【解析】forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事（还没做）”。句意：离开时别忘了锁门。 6. She practiced ______ the piano every day for the competition. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 【答案】C 【解析】practice doing sth.意为“练习做某事”。 7. He asked me ______ him with his math. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 【答案】B 【解析】ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求/请求某人做某事”。 8. I remember ______ the book to the library last week. A. return B. to return C. returning D. returned 【答案】C 【解析】remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事（已做）”。句意：我记得上周把书还给图书馆了。 9. We should avoid ______ the same mistake again. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【答案】C 【解析】avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。 10. What do you want ______ when you grow up? A. be B. to be C. being D. been 【答案】B 【解析】want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。 【考点5 情态动词】 情态动词本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 情态动词 用法 例句 can / could 能力、允许、请求（could更委婉） I can swim. / Can I use your pen? / Could you help me? may / might 允许、可能性（might更微弱） May I come in? / It may rain tomorrow. must 必须（主观）、否定mustn't表示禁止 You must finish your homework. / You mustn't smoke here. have to 不得不（客观，有人称和时态变化） I have to get up early because of the bus. should 应该（义务、建议） You should see a doctor. need 需要（作情态动词常用于否定和疑问句） Need I go? / You needn't come. shall 征求对方意见（用于一、三人称疑问句） Shall we go now? 【即时练习】 1. You ______ cross the road when the traffic light is red. A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't 【答案】C 【解析】mustn't表示“禁止”，符合句意“红灯时禁止过马路”。 2. — Must I finish the work today? — No, you ______. You can do it tomorrow. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't 【答案】C 【解析】回答Must...?的否定回答用No, ... needn't.或No, ... don't have to.意为“不必”。 3. ______ you please pass me the salt? A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need 【答案】A 【解析】Can/Could you please...?表示请求，意为“请你……好吗？”。 4. She ______ speak three languages fluently. A. can B. may C. must D. need 【答案】A 【解析】can表示“能力”，意为“能够”。 5. You look tired. You ______ go to bed early tonight. A. can B. may C. should D. need 【答案】C 【解析】should表示建议，意为“应该”。 6. — ______ I come in? — Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Should 【答案】B 【解析】May I...?表示请求许可，意为“我可以……吗？”。 7. Children ______ play with fire. It's dangerous. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 【答案】D 【解析】mustn't表示“禁止”，符合句意“禁止玩火”。 8. It's raining heavily. We ______ stay at home. A. have to B. must C. can D. may 【答案】A 【解析】have to强调客观“不得不”。句意：下大雨，我们不得不待在家里。 9. — Need I go with you? — Yes, you ______. A. must B. need C. can D. may 【答案】A 【解析】回答Need I...?的肯定回答用Yes, you must.意为“是的，你必须”。 10. ______ we go to the park this weekend? A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Need 【答案】B 【解析】Shall we...?表示建议，征求意见，意为“我们……好吗？”。 【考点6 词性转换】 转换类型 常见后缀/变化 例词 动词→名词 -tion/-sion, -ment, -ing, -ure develop→development; educate→education; build→building 动词→形容词 -ing/-ed, -able, -ive, -ful interest→interesting/interested; enjoy→enjoyable; act→active; help→helpful 动词→副词 -ly careful→carefully; happy→happily 动词否定 un-, dis-, mis- like→dislike; agree→disagree; appear→disappear 动词时态/语态 -s/-es, -ed, -ing, -en play→plays/played/playing; write→wrote/written/writing 【即时练习】 1.She has a strong ______ (believe) in herself. 【答案】belief 【解析】have a strong belief in意为“对……有坚定的信念”，belief是believe的名词形式。 2. The ______ (develop) of AI technology is amazing. 【答案】development 【解析】the development of意为“……的发展”，development是develop的名词形式。 3. We should make a ______ (decide) as soon as possible. 【答案】decision 【解析】make a decision意为“做决定”，decision是decide的名词形式。 4. He is an ______ (act) member of the club. 【答案】active 【解析】active member意为“活跃的成员”，active是act的形容词形式。 5. This movie is very ______ (interest). I like it. 【答案】interesting 【解析】interesting意为“有趣的”，修饰物，作表语。 6. She is ______ (interest) in learning Chinese. 【答案】interested 【解析】be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，interested修饰人。 7. Please listen ______ (careful) to the teacher. 【答案】carefully 【解析】listen carefully意为“仔细听”，副词修饰动词。 8. He ______ (success) in passing the exam last year. 【答案】succeeded 【解析】succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，根据last year应用过去式。 9. We should be ______ (help) to others. 【答案】helpful 【解析】be helpful to意为“对……有帮助”，helpful是help的形容词。 10. There is a beautiful ______ (build) near the park. 【答案】building 【解析】a beautiful building意为“一栋漂亮的建筑”，building是build的名词。 1. （2023年职教高考真题第22题）Put on more clothes. It's snowing ________ outside. A. strong B. heavy C. strongly D. heavily 【答案】D 【解析】snow heavily意为“下大雪”，heavily为副词修饰动词snow。 2.（2023年职教高考真题第24题）In order to save energy, we should ________ lights in time if we don't need them. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on 【答案】C 【解析】turn off意为“关掉（灯、电器等）”，符合句意。 3.（2023年职教高考真题第25题）He showed us pictures that he ________ in Shanghai. A. had taken B. took C. takes D. will take 【答案】A 【解析】take pictures意为“拍照”，showed是过去式，took发生在showed之前，应用过去完成时had taken。 4.（2023年职教高考真题第27题）Wind can ________ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. A. have used B. be used C. used D. use 【答案】B 【解析】can be used to do sth.意为“可以被用来做某事”，used是use的过去分词，表被动。 5.（2023年职教高考真题第28题）If there ________ no buying and selling of animals, there will be no killing in nature. A. is B. will be C. has D. will have 【答案】A 【解析】"主将从现"原则。if 引导条件从句用一般现在时 is，主句 there will be 为将来时。 6.（2023年职教高考真题第29题）Stop ________ about the situation. Just think about what we can do to improve it. A. complain B. to complain C. complaining D. complained 【答案】C 【解析】stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事”，符合句意。 7. （2022年职教高考真题第9题）I have ________ a gift from him, but I'm not going to ________ it. A. received; accepted B. received; accept C. accepted; receive D. accept; receive 【答案】B 【解析】receive“收到”（客观），accept“接受”（主观）。前半句用现在完成时，后半句用不定式。 8.（2022年职教高考真题第10题）Fire ________ in the kitchen. A. broke out B. broke off C. broke on D. broke of 【答案】A 【解析】break out意为“（战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发”，符合句意。 9. （2022年职教高考真题第15题） I will call you as soon as I ________ back home. A. come B. comes C. will come D. shall come 【答案】A 【解析】"主将从现"原则。主句 will call 为一般将来时，as soon as 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时 come 表将来。 10.（2022年职教高考真题第17题）More and more people ________ mobile payment. A. prefers B. prefer to C. prefer D. prefering 【答案】C 【解析】prefer意为“更喜欢”，主语people是复数，用动词原形。 11.（2022年职教高考真题第27题）The baby is in danger, so a doctor must ________ at once. A. be sent for B. send C. send for D. be sent 【答案】A 【解析】send for a doctor意为“派人去请医生”，此处应用被动语态be sent for。 12. （2024年职教高考真题第24题）I often ______ English with my classmates. It is easier for us to learn from each other. A. look for B. look in C. go over D. check in 【答案】C 【解析】go over意为“复习、重温”，符合句意“和同学复习英语”。 13.（2024年职教高考真题第26题）Tom learns English very hard. He ______ CCTV English News every morning. A. listen B. listen to C. hear D. listens to 【答案】D 【解析】主语He是第三人称单数，listen to意为“听（广播、音乐等）”。 14.（2024年职教高考真题第30题）He ______ to be excellent. A. prove B. proving C. has been proved D. was proving 【答案】A 【解析】prove (to be) + adj.是固定搭配，prove在此作系动词，意为“证明是”。 15.（2025年职教高考真题第22题）My English teacher often encourages me ______ English as much as possible. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice 【答案】D 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 16.（2025年职教高考真题第23题）You can ______ the new words that you don't know in a dictionary. A. look up B. look at C. look over D. look down 【答案】A 【解析】look up意为“查阅（单词、信息等）”，符合句意。 17.（2026年职教高考真题第19题）My brother is interested in ______ stamps. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect D. collect 【答案】A 【解析】be interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”。 18.（2026年职教高考真题第21题）Mike wanted ______ hiking, but it rained heavily. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 【答案】B 【解析】want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣教材，将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为动词、动词短语。 2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语一轮讲练测》 专题5 动词、动词短语（复习讲义） 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 系动词与感官动词 即时训练 考点2 易混动词辨析 即时训练 考点3 动词短语辨析 即时训练 考点4 非谓语动词固定搭配 即时训练 考点5 情态动词 即时训练 考点6 词性转换 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 动词是英语句子核心，也是云南职教高考必考内容。结合 2023—2026 年真题考情，本次复习将对标词汇语法单选、完形填空、阅读理解、词性转换四大题型，熟练掌握易混动词辨析、动词短语、情态动词与非谓语固定搭配，能结合语境选用恰当动词，读懂阅读中的动词短语，熟练完成动词各类词形转换，做到综合运用动词知识高效解题。 【考点1 系动词与感官动词】 常见系动词分类： 类别 例词 说明 状态系动词 be (am/is/are/was/were) 最常用 持续系动词 keep, remain, stay, lie 保持某种状态 变化系动词 become, get, turn, grow, go, come 表示变化 感官系动词 look, sound, taste, smell, feel 感官感受 注意：系动词后接形容词作表语，而非副词。He looks happy. (√) He looks happily. (×) 【即时练习】 1. The flowers in the garden ______ sweet. A. are smelt B. smell C. is smelt D. smelt 2. She ______ very young for her age. A. sees B. looks C. watches D. finds 3. The soup ______ delicious. I want more. A. is tasted B. tastes C. is tasting D. tasted 4. He ______ angry when he heard the news. A. became B. turned C. grew D. all above 5. Please ______ quiet in the library. A. keep B. stay C. remain D. all above 6. The cloth ______ soft and smooth. A. feels B. is felt C. is feeling D. felt 7. As spring comes, the weather gets ______. A. warm and warm B. warmer and warmer C. warmly D. more warm 8. The plan ______ good. Let's try it. A. hears B. sounds C. listens D. listens to 9. The story ______ interesting. Everyone likes it. A. is sounded B. sounds C. is sounding D. was sounded 10. He ______ very happy at the party last night. A. looked B. looked at C. was looked D. looking 【考点2 易混动词辨析】 易混词 辨析要点 例句 say / speak / tell / talk say+内容；speak+语言；tell+sb. sth./故事；talk+to/with sb. about sth. He said “Hello”. / She speaks English. / Tell me a story. / Let's talk about it. see / look / watch / read see看见（结果）；look看（动作，常+at）；watch观看（动态）；read阅读（书、报） I saw a bird. / Look at the blackboard. / Watch TV. / Read a book. listen / hear listen听（动作，常+to）；hear听见（结果） Listen to me carefully. / I heard a noise. receive / accept receive收到（客观）；accept接受（主观） I received a gift but didn't accept it. bring / take / fetch / carry bring带来；take带走；fetch去取来；carry搬运（无方向） Bring me the book. / Take it away. / Fetch some water. / Carry the bag. spend / cost / pay / take spend人+spend+时间/钱+(in)doing/on sth.；cost物+cost+人+钱；pay人+pay+钱+for sth.；takeIt takes+人+时间+to do sth. She spent 100 yuan on the dress. / It cost me 100 yuan. / I paid 100 yuan for it. / It takes me an hour to do homework. borrow / lend / keep borrow借入；lend借出；keep保留（延续性动词） Can I borrow your pen? / I lent him my book. / You can keep the book for two weeks. raise / rise raise及物动词，意为“举起、提高”；rise不及物动词，意为“上升、升起” Raise your hand. / The sun rises in the east. 【即时练习】 1. Can you ______ me the truth? A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk 2. I ______ a dog barking outside last night. A. listened B. listened to C. heard D. heard of 3. It ______ me two hours to finish the task. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 4. Could you please ______ your book here tomorrow? A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry 5. She ______ her English teacher about the exam yesterday. A. said B. spoke C. told D. talked to 6. I ______ 200 yuan for this beautiful dress. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 7. He ______ his hand to ask a question. A. rose B. raised C. risen D. raising 8. You can ______ the book from the library for two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. get 9. I ______ him some money last week, but he hasn't returned it. A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. got 10. The price of the house ______ a lot in recent years. A. raised B. rises C. has risen D. was raised 【考点3 动词短语辨析】 动词短语是动词+介词/副词构成的固定搭配，意义往往与动词原意不同。常见类型： 类型 例词 动词+介词 look for (寻找), look at (看), wait for (等待), listen to (听), depend on (依靠) 动词+副词 turn on (打开), turn off (关掉), turn up (调大/出现), turn down (调小/拒绝), pick up (捡起/接人), put away (收拾), give up (放弃), look up (查阅) 动词+副词+介词 look forward to (期待), catch up with (赶上), come up with (想出), get along with (与……相处) 动词+名词+介词 take care of (照顾), pay attention to (注意), make use of (利用), take part in (参加) 高频考点短语： · turn系列：turn on/off/up/down · look系列：look for/at/over/up/after/forward to · break系列：break out (爆发), break down (出故障/崩溃), break up (分手/破碎) · give系列：give up (放弃), give out (分发/耗尽), give away (捐赠/泄露) · come系列：come up with (想出), come true (实现), come across (偶遇) 【即时练习】 1. Please ______ the light before you leave the room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 2. I can't hear the radio clearly. Can you ______ it ______ a little? A. turn; on B. turn; off C. turn; up D. turn; down 3. She is looking ______ her keys everywhere, but can't find them. A. at B. for C. after D. up 4. The fire ______ in the kitchen and caused great damage. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke off 5. We should never ______ our dreams. A. give out B. give away C. give up D. give in 6. He ______ a good idea for the project. A. came up with B. came across C. came true D. came out 7. You need to ______ the new words in the dictionary. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after 8. The old man ______ his grandson while his son was at work. A. looked at B. looked for C. looked after D. looked up 9. I am looking forward ______ hearing from you. A. at B. for C. to D. on 10. He ______ a good job offer because he wanted to start his own business. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down 【考点4 非谓语动词固定搭配】 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）在句中充当除谓语以外的成分。本考点重点掌握动词后接不定式或动名词的固定搭配。 类型 形式 核心语义 与逻辑主语关系 不定式 肯定： to do 否定： not to do ①目的（为了……）； ②未发生的动作； 主动（逻辑主语发出动作） 动名词 肯定：doing 否定：not doing ①习惯、抽象动作； ②作宾语/主语（表动作） 主动（逻辑主语发出动作，或无明确逻辑主语） 现在分词 肯定：doing 否定：not doing ①主动（逻辑主语发出动作）； ②进行（动作正在发生） 主动、进行 过去分词 肯定：done 否定：not done ①被动（逻辑主语承受动作）； ②完成（动作已发生） 被动、完成 搭配类型 例词 V. + to do want, decide, hope, wish, learn, plan, refuse, offer, promise, afford, choose, agree V. + doing enjoy, finish, practice, mind, avoid, suggest, consider, imagine, feel like, can't help, be busy, be worth V. + sb./sth. + to do ask, tell, want, encourage, allow, invite, order, force, warn, expect, remind V. + sb./sth. + doing see, hear, watch, notice, find, keep, feel V. + to do / doing 意义不同 stop to do（停下来去做）/ stop doing（停止在做）；remember to do（记得去做）/ remember doing（记得做过）；forget to do（忘记去做）/ forget doing（忘记做过） 【即时练习】 1.He decided ______ abroad for further study. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 2. We enjoy ______ English songs in class. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang 3. My teacher encourages me ______ harder. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 4. I saw him ______ basketball on the playground when I passed by. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 5. Don't forget ______ the door when you leave. A. lock B. to lock C. locking D. locked 6. She practiced ______ the piano every day for the competition. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 7. He asked me ______ him with his math. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 8. I remember ______ the book to the library last week. A. return B. to return C. returning D. returned 9. We should avoid ______ the same mistake again. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 10. What do you want ______ when you grow up? A. be B. to be C. being D. been 【考点5 情态动词】 情态动词本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 情态动词 用法 例句 can / could 能力、允许、请求（could更委婉） I can swim. / Can I use your pen? / Could you help me? may / might 允许、可能性（might更微弱） May I come in? / It may rain tomorrow. must 必须（主观）、否定mustn't表示禁止 You must finish your homework. / You mustn't smoke here. have to 不得不（客观，有人称和时态变化） I have to get up early because of the bus. should 应该（义务、建议） You should see a doctor. need 需要（作情态动词常用于否定和疑问句） Need I go? / You needn't come. shall 征求对方意见（用于一、三人称疑问句） Shall we go now? 【即时练习】 1. You ______ cross the road when the traffic light is red. A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't 2. — Must I finish the work today? — No, you ______. You can do it tomorrow. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't 3. ______ you please pass me the salt? A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need 4. She ______ speak three languages fluently. A. can B. may C. must D. need 5. You look tired. You ______ go to bed early tonight. A. can B. may C. should D. need 6. — ______ I come in? — Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Should 7. Children ______ play with fire. It's dangerous. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 8. It's raining heavily. We ______ stay at home. A. have to B. must C. can D. may 9. — Need I go with you? — Yes, you ______. A. must B. need C. can D. may 10. ______ we go to the park this weekend? A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Need 【考点6 词性转换】 转换类型 常见后缀/变化 例词 动词→名词 -tion/-sion, -ment, -ing, -ure develop→development; educate→education; build→building 动词→形容词 -ing/-ed, -able, -ive, -ful interest→interesting/interested; enjoy→enjoyable; act→active; help→helpful 动词→副词 -ly careful→carefully; happy→happily 动词否定 un-, dis-, mis- like→dislike; agree→disagree; appear→disappear 动词时态/语态 -s/-es, -ed, -ing, -en play→plays/played/playing; write→wrote/written/writing 【即时练习】 1.She has a strong ______ (believe) in herself. 2. The ______ (develop) of AI technology is amazing. 3. We should make a ______ (decide) as soon as possible. 4. He is an ______ (act) member of the club. 5. This movie is very ______ (interest). I like it. 6. She is ______ (interest) in learning Chinese. 7. Please listen ______ (careful) to the teacher. 8. He ______ (success) in passing the exam last year. 9. We should be ______ (help) to others. 10. There is a beautiful ______ (build) near the park. 1. （2023年职教高考真题第22题）Put on more clothes. It's snowing ________ outside. A. strong B. heavy C. strongly D. heavily 2.（2023年职教高考真题第24题）In order to save energy, we should ________ lights in time if we don't need them. A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on 3.（2023年职教高考真题第25题）He showed us pictures that he ________ in Shanghai. A. had taken B. took C. takes D. will take 4.（2023年职教高考真题第27题）Wind can ________ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. A. have used B. be used C. used D. use 5.（2023年职教高考真题第28题）If there ________ no buying and selling of animals, there will be no killing in nature. A. is B. will be C. has D. will have 6.（2023年职教高考真题第29题）Stop ________ about the situation. Just think about what we can do to improve it. A. complain B. to complain C. complaining D. complained 7. （2022年职教高考真题第9题）I have ________ a gift from him, but I'm not going to ________ it. A. received; accepted B. received; accept C. accepted; receive D. accept; receive 8.（2022年职教高考真题第10题）Fire ________ in the kitchen. A. broke out B. broke off C. broke on D. broke of 9. （2022年职教高考真题第15题） I will call you as soon as I ________ back home. A. come B. comes C. will come D. shall come 10.（2022年职教高考真题第17题）More and more people ________ mobile payment. A. prefers B. prefer to C. prefer D. prefering 11.（2022年职教高考真题第27题）The baby is in danger, so a doctor must ________ at once. A. be sent for B. send C. send for D. be sent 12. （2024年职教高考真题第24题）I often ______ English with my classmates. It is easier for us to learn from each other. A. look for B. look in C. go over D. check in 13.（2024年职教高考真题第26题）Tom learns English very hard. He ______ CCTV English News every morning. A. listen B. listen to C. hear D. listens to 14.（2024年职教高考真题第30题）He ______ to be excellent. A. prove B. proving C. has been proved D. was proving 15.（2025年职教高考真题第22题）My English teacher often encourages me ______ English as much as possible. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice 16.（2025年职教高考真题第23题）You can ______ the new words that you don't know in a dictionary. A. look up B. look at C. look over D. look down 17.（2026年职教高考真题第19题）My brother is interested in ______ stamps. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect D. collect 18.（2026年职教高考真题第21题）Mike wanted ______ hiking, but it rained heavily. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $