Unit 2 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）六年级英语暑假自学课（闽教版·新教材）

六年级上册暑假自学课（闽教版） Unit 2 Healthy Life 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错01 What’s the matter with you?的搭配与回答 【语法点拨】 What’s the matter with you?是询问别人身体状况的常用句型。 结构：What’s the matter with + 人称？ 回答用 I have a + 疾病名词，不用 I am... 。 例句： — What’s the matter with you? — I have a headache. 我头疼。 — What’s the matter with Sally? — She has a fever. 她发烧了。 常见疾病表达：have a headache头疼　have a fever发烧　have a cold感冒 【易错提示】 ① 回答“怎么了”要用have，不能用am/is/are： ✘ I am a headache. / She is a fever. ✔ I have a headache. / She has a fever. ② 第三人称单数用has，不能用have： ✘ She have a cold. ✔ She has a cold. ③ matter前面必须加the，是固定搭配：What’s the matter... 不能说 What’s matter... 知识演练01 一、选择填空。 1. — What’s the matter with you? — I ______ a headache. (have / has / am) 2. — What’s the matter with Tom? — He ______ a fever. (have / has / is) 3. — ______ the matter with you? — I have a cold. (What’s / How’s / Where’s) 4. Sally ______ a bad cold yesterday. (have / has / had) 5. — What’s the matter with ______? — She has a fever. (she / her / him) 6. I don’t feel well. Maybe I ______ a fever. (have / has / am) 语法易错02 频度副词always/sometimes在句中的位置 【语法点拨】 频度副词表示动作发生的频率，常见的有： always总是（100%） > usually通常 > often经常 > sometimes有时 位置规则： ① 在be动词后：He is always early. 他总是很早。 ② 在实义动词前：He always gets up early. 他总是早起。 ③ sometimes位置较灵活，可放句首、句末或动词前：Sometimes we play football. 【易错提示】 ① 频度副词不能直接放在实义动词后： ✘ He gets up always early. ✔ He always gets up early. ② 频度副词不能放在be动词前（除非sometimes在句首）： ✘ He always is late. / They always are busy. ✔ He is always late. / They are always busy. ③ always不能与否定词连用，如要表达“不总是”，用not always，不写成 always not。 知识演练02 二、选择填空。 1. Wang Tao ______ gets up early and goes running in the morning. (always / is always) 2. He ______ a basketball fan. (always is / is always) 3. ______ we play football on the sports ground. (Sometimes / Sometime) 4. My mother ______ goes to bed late. She has good habits. (always / never / sometimes) 5. They ______ happy to see each other. (always are / are always) 6. She ______ does exercise after dinner. (sometimes / sometime) 语法易错03 Why/Because的问答结构 【语法点拨】 Why用于对原因提问，Because用于回答原因，两者配对使用。 Why + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词？ Because + 主语 + 动词. 例句： — Why do you like Menu A? — Because I like cakes, hamburgers and chicken. — Why do you like Mount Wuyi? — Because it’s beautiful. 【易错提示】 ① Why问句用Because回答，不能用Yes/No回答： ✘ Why do you like it? — Yes, I like it. ✔ Why do you like it? — Because it’s healthy. ② Because不能单独作为答语，后面必须加原因句： ✘ Why do you like it? — Because. ✔ Why do you like it? — Because it’s delicious. ③ 注意Why问句中的助动词：一般现在时用do/does，不能漏掉： ✘ Why you like it? / Why he like it? ✔ Why do you like it? / Why does he like it? 知识演练03 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1. — ______ do you like this menu? — Because it’s healthy. 2. — Why ______ (do/does) she like vegetables? — Because they are good for her. 3. — Why do you like playing basketball? — ______ it’s fun. 4. — Why ______ Yang Ming like running? — Because it keeps him healthy. 5. I like fruits ______ they are juicy and healthy. 语法易错04 祈使句表示建议与指令 【语法点拨】 祈使句用于表达建议、指令或要求，主语省略，以动词原形开头。 肯定祈使句：动词原形 + 其他 否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他 例句： Take some medicine. 吃点药。 Drink a lot of water. 多喝水。 Don’t eat too much sweet food. 不要吃太多甜食。 First, eat healthy food. 第一，吃健康食物。 Second, do exercise an hour a day. 第二，每天做一小时运动。 Third, keep good habits. 第三，保持好习惯。 【易错提示】 ① 祈使句开头用动词原形，不能加to或加-s： ✘ To take some medicine. / Takes some medicine. ✔ Take some medicine. ② 否定祈使句用Don’t，不能用Not或Doesn’t： ✘ Not eat too much candy. / Doesn’t eat too much candy. ✔ Don’t eat too much candy. ③ 祈使句中没有主语（您/你是默认主语），不能写成： ✘ You take some medicine. / You don’t eat too much. ✔ Take some medicine. / Don’t eat too much. 知识演练04 四、用祈使句改写以下句子。 1. You should drink a lot of water. → ______ a lot of water. 2. You shouldn’t eat too much sweet food. → ______ too much sweet food. 3. You should keep your room clean. → ______ your room clean. 4. You shouldn’t go to bed late. → ______ to bed late. 5. You should take some medicine. → ______ some medicine. 综合提升（共50分） 一、情景交际（10分，每小题2分） 从右栏中选择最佳答语，将字母写在括号内。 A. Because they are good for me. B. I have a fever. C. Don’t eat too much candy. D. Take some medicine and stay in bed. E. She has a bad cold. 1. — What’s the matter with you? — ( ) 2. — What’s the matter with your sister? — ( ) 3. — Why do you eat vegetables every day? — ( ) 4. — I have a headache. What should I do? — ( ) 5. — I like candy very much. — ( ) 二、单项选择（10分，每小题1分） 1. — What’s the matter with him? — He ______ a headache. A. have B. has C. is D. does 2. Wang Tao ______ gets up early. He has good habits. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. often 3. ______ some water and stay in bed for two days. A. Drink B. Drinking C. Drinks D. To drink 4. — ______ do you like Mount Wuyi? — Because it’s beautiful. A. What B. How C. Why D. Where 5. Doing exercise ______ good for our health. A. are B. is C. be D. am 6. He is a basketball ______. He likes playing basketball very much. A. fan B. fun C. fine D. far 7. ______ too much sweet food. It’s not healthy. A. Eat B. Don’t eat C. Not eat D. Doesn’t eat 8. She ______ ill yesterday. She didn’t go to school. A. is B. were C. was D. are 9. He always ______ exercise in the morning. A. do B. does C. doing D. did 10. ______ walk on the grass. A. Not B. Doesn’t C. Don’t D. No 三、句子改错（10分，每小题2分） 找出句中的一处错误并在横线上改正。 1. What’s matter with you? ________________________ 2. He always is late for school. ________________________ 3. — Why do you like it? — Yes, I like it. ________________________ 4. Don’t eating too much candy. ________________________ 5. She have a fever today. ________________________ 四、阅读判断T/F（10分，每小题2分） Tom is a healthy boy. He always gets up early and goes running in the morning. He has rice, fish and vegetables for lunch. He doesn’t like sweet food. “Don’t eat too much candy,” he says. Sometimes he plays basketball with his friends after school. He is a basketball fan. His mother is a doctor. She tells him, “Doing exercise is good for your health. First, eat healthy food. Second, do exercise every day. Third, keep good habits.” Tom always follows her advice. 1. Tom always gets up late. 2. Tom has rice, fish and vegetables for lunch. 3. Tom doesn’t like sweet food. 4. Tom’s mother is a teacher. 5. Doing exercise is good for our health. 五、连词成句（10分，每小题2分） 1. you / what’s / the / with / matter (?) ________________________ 2. always / he / gets up / early / in the morning (.) ________________________ 3. don’t / too much / eat / sweet food (.) ________________________ 4. because / I / like / it / healthy / is (.) ________________________ 5. a headache / she / has / today (.) ________________________ 参考答案 【知识演练01】 1. have 2. has 3. What’s 4. had 5. her 6. have 【知识演练02】 1. always 2. is always 3. Sometimes 4. never 5. are always 6. sometimes 【知识演练03】 1. Why 2. does 3. Because 4. does 5. because 【知识演练04】 1. Drink 2. Don’t eat 3. Keep 4. Don’t go 5. Take 【综合提升】 一、情景交际 1. B 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. C 二、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 三、句子改错 1. What’s the matter with you? (matter前加the) 2. He is always late for school. (is always而不是always is) 3. Why do you like it? — Because I like it. (Because而不是Yes) 4. Don’t eat too much candy. (eat而不是eating) 5. She has a fever today. (has而不是have) 四、阅读判断 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 五、连词成句 1. What’s the matter with you? 2. He always gets up early in the morning. 3. Don’t eat too much sweet food. 4. I like it because it is healthy. 5. She has a headache today. 第 1 页 共 5 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $