摘要:
**基本信息**
以“定义-标志-变化-句型-对比-口诀”为逻辑链,构建一般过去时系统性训练,融合语言能力培养与应试技巧提炼。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法精讲|6大模块|时间标志词定位法、动词变化双轨记忆法、句型结构公式化、时态对比分析法、避错口诀|从核心定义出发,通过时间标志词建立场景关联,以动词变化规则为基础,构建四大句型体系,结合时态对比形成完整认知闭环|
|语法精练|4题型(15+10+5+5题)|动词变形专项训练、时态应用情境填空、句型辨析选择、句型转换规则应用|针对动词变化、句型应用、易错点设置分层题型,实现从基础记忆到综合应用的能力递进|
内容正文:
人教版六年级上册英语Unit 2 Getting together 语法精讲精练(一般过去时专项)
单元核心语法:一般过去时(本单元唯一重难点、考试必考语法)
语法适配主题:描述过去的节日团聚、校园活动、周末欢聚经历
第一部分 语法精讲(吃透核心考点)
一、一般过去时 基本定义
表示过去某个时间发生的动作、行为,或存在的状态。本单元专门用来讲述:过去的节日活动、家庭团聚、校园艺术节、马拉松、书市等过往经历。
二、一般过去时 必备时间标志词(看到必用过去式)
last weekend(上周末)、last night(昨晚)、yesterday(昨天)、last festival(上个节日)、during the festival(节日期间)、last holiday(上个假期)
三、动词过去式 两大变化规则(单元重中之重)
1. 规则变化(直接变形,有规律)
①一般动词直接加-ed:count→counted、cheer→cheered、paste→pasted、dress→dressed
② 以不发音字母e结尾,直接加 -d:like→liked
2. 不规则变化(无规律,单元必考,必须背诵)
本单元高频核心不规则动词(考试100%考查)
get → got(相聚、得到) make → made(制作)
read → read(阅读,拼写不变,读音变化)
run → ran(奔跑、赛跑)have → had(吃、有)
do → did(做)
四、一般过去时 四大核心句型(单元问答全部来自这里)
1.肯定句(陈述过去做了某事)
结构:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他
例句:We got together and had a big dinner. 我们团聚并吃了一顿大餐。
2.否定句(陈述过去没做某事)
结构:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他
关键易错点:加了didn’t,后面动词必须变回原形,不能用过去式!
例句:I didn’t paste fu last festival. 我上个节日没有贴福字。
3.一般疑问句(询问过去是否做了某事)
结构:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn’t.
例句:— Did you cheer for the runners? 你为选手加油了吗?
— Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
4.特殊疑问句(询问过去做了什么)
结构:特殊疑问词(What/How) + Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
单元核心句型:What did you do during the festival? 你在节日期间做了什么?
情景句型:How was your festival? 你的节日过得怎么样?
五、时态易错对比(必记)
一般现在时:描述日常、经常、习惯性动作(usually/often)
一般过去时:描述过去某一次的动作(last/yesterday)
例句对比:
We usually get together on festivals.(日常习惯)
We got together last Spring Festival.(过去单次经历)
第二部分 语法专项精练(分层针对性训练)
重点:只考本单元核心语法,精准查漏补缺
题型一:写出下列动词的过去式
1.get __________ 2.make __________ 3.read __________
4.run __________ 5.have __________ 6.do __________
7.paste __________ 8.count __________ 9.cheer __________
10.dress __________ 11.watch __________ 12 play __________
13.want __________ 14.talk __________ 15.walk __________
题型二:用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I __________ (get) together with my family last weekend.
2. She __________ (paste) fu on the door yesterday.
3. They __________ (cheer) for the runners last marathon.
4. Tom __________ (read) books at the book fair last Saturday.
5. My sister __________ (make) a paper flower last festival.
6. We __________ (have) a big dinner last night.
7.He __________ (not count) down last New Year’s Eve.(否定形式)
8.Did you __________ (dress) up for the gala?(动词原形)
9. What __________ (do) you do during the holiday?
10. The festival __________ (be) very exciting.
题型三:单项选择(每小题3分,共15分)
( ) 1. I ______ a wonderful time last Mid-Autumn Festival.
A. have B. had C. has
( ) 2. — Did you ______ together with your friends?
— Yes, I did.
A. get B. got C. gets
( ) 3. She didn’t ______ mooncakes last festival.
A. ate B. eat C. eats
( ) 4. What ______ you do last weekend?
A. do B. did C. does
( ) 5. My parents ______ TV last night.
A. watched B. watch C. watches
题型四:句型转换(每小题5分,共25分)
1.I got together with my family last holiday.(改为否定句)
________________________________________
2.She pasted fu on the door yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________
3.We had a big dinner last night.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________
4.Did he read books last weekend?(肯定回答)
________________________________________
5.The marathon was exciting.(改为否定句)
________________________________________
参考答案+详细语法解析
题型一:动词过去式答案
1. got 2. made 3. read 4. ran 5. had 6. did
7. pasted 8. counted 9. cheered 10. dressed
11. watched 12. played 13. wanted 14. talked 15. walked
解析:1-6为单元必考不规则变形,7-15为规则加ed变形。
题型二:动词适当形式填空答案
1. got(last weekend 过去时间,用过去式)
2. pasted(yesterday 过去时间,规则变形)
3. cheered(last marathon 过去场景,加ed)
4. read(last Saturday 过去时间,不规则变形)
5. made(last festival 过去时间,不规则变形)
6. had(last night 过去时间,不规则变形)
7. didn’t count(didn’t后接动词原形)
8. dress(Did提问,后接动词原形)
9. did(过去特殊疑问句助动词用did)
10. was(festival单数,过去式用was)
题型三:单项选择答案
1. B 解析:last Mid-Autumn Festival 为过去时间,have变had。
2. A 解析:Did引导疑问句,后面动词用原形。
3. B 解析:didn’t 后必须跟动词原形。
4. B 解析:last weekend 过去时间,助动词用did。
5. A 解析:last night 过去时间,watch变watched。
题型四:句型转换答案
1. I didn’t get together with my family last holiday.
2. Did she paste fu on the door yesterday?
3. What did you do last night?
4. Yes, he did.
5. The marathon was not (wasn’t) exciting.
语法终极避错口诀(直接背诵)
过去时态看时间,last、yesterday是关键;
肯定句子变过去,规则加ed不规则单独记;
疑问否定找did,后面动词回原形;
时态一致不混乱,团聚活动全搞定!
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