考点08 情态动词（can、can’t, must、mustn’t, should、shouldn’t）（七下复习讲义）-2026年暑假七升八英语难点梳理+精准提优专练（仁爱科普版）

考点08 情态动词（can/can’t,must/mustn’t,should/shouldn’t) 考｜点｜梳｜理 情态动词：本身具有一定的意义，用于表达说话人的情感态度、语气或主观设想。情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词在特殊语境具有特殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall)和情态动词表推测是中考的热点和难点。常见情态动词的基本用法是中考考查的重点。必须根据具体语境判断使用相应的情态动词。 1.can/can’t的用法 （1）表示能力。 （2）I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久？ （2）表示可能(理论上或是逻辑上)。 He can't have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足够的钱买一辆新车。 （3） 表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen?我能看看你的新钢笔吗？ （4）用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，多用于否定或疑问句。 He can't be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁了。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么能这么粗心呢？ （5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can you lend me a hand? 你能帮我一下吗？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 2.must/mustn’t的用法 （1）表示义务，意为“必须”(主观意志)。 All visitors must report to reception. 所有来宾必须到接待处报到。 （2）用must提问，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't/don't have to。 （3）表示推测，暗含很大可能性，意为“想必，准是，一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale.他一定是病了。他看起来很苍白。 （4）表示“偏偏，非要”。 Must you ask me such a question?你非得问我这样的问题吗？ （5）mustn't 意为“不要，千万别”，表示禁止。 Children mustn't play with fire.孩子们不能玩火。 must not mustn’t表示“不准、禁止” You mustn’t tell her about it. 【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ...must.；否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must和have to的区别： ①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 3.should/shouldn’t的用法 （1）表示义务，意为“应该”(某件事适宜做)，用于各种人称。 You should be polite to your teachers.你应该对老师有礼貌。 （2）表示推测，意为“想必，一定，照说应该，估计”等。 They should be home by now.他们现在应该在家。 （3）should还可以用在if引导的虚拟条件从句中。should置于句首时，省略if，相当于“万一”的意思。 If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 Should you change your mind, please let us know.万一你改变主意，请让我们知道。 （4）should还可用在以 why, who, how等开头的疑问句或某些感叹句中，带有感情色彩。意为“竟然，竟会”。 Why should you be so late today?你今天竟然来得这么晚？ should ①“应该”，表示要求、命令或劝告、建议，否定式为shouldn’t ②表示征询意见，常用于疑问句中 ①You should take an umbrella with you. ②Should I call him later？ shall ①表示决心、警告、命令等，意为“必须，一定，应该”，多用于第二人称 ②表示请求或征求对方意见，多用于疑问句中，多用于第一人称 ①You shall sit on the seat until your paper is collected. ②Shall we go to the station by taxi？ 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．You ________ (can) open packages before paying in the supermarket. 2．Teng Fei ________ (can not) play Chinese chess, but he can play international chess. 3．You ________ (must) be late for class. That shows respect for your class and teacher. 4．You ________ (must) keep your promise to help stray animals. 5．Drivers ________ (must) drive after drinking. It’s very dangerous. 6．Students ________ (must not) run in the hospital waiting room. 7．The book ________ (must) be Mike’s—his name is on it. 8．________ (Shall) we visit the science museum this weekend? 9．—_________ I _________ (get) you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you. 10．—Shall we _________ (buy) some hair clips for Sandy? —Good idea! Her birthday is coming. 11．You ________ (should not) waste food when helping cook for poor families. 12．We ________ (not, should) give up when we meet difficulties in the team. 13．As students, we ________ (should) try our best to learn knowledge at school. 14．You ________ (must) finish your homework on time. 15．Everyone ________ (should) do something to protect our planet. 二、单项选择 16．You ________ open packages or eat food before paying in the supermarket. A．can B．can’t C．must D．need 17．The Moon has much weaker gravity than the Earth, so we ________ very high there. A．jump B．can jump C．jumped D．will jump 18．You ________ feed the animals in the zoo. It’s against the rules. A．can B．must C．can’t D．needn’t 19．The little girl ________ sing English songs well when she was 6, but now she can’t. A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 20．We ________ turn off our phones and we have to keep them in the lockers. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 21．You ________ cheat on tests. It’s against the school rules. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．may not 22．—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock? —No, you ________. You can finish it before ten. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．may not 23．—Must I donate my old books to the charity today? —No, you ________. You can bring them to the library tomorrow. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 24．You _________ run in the classroom. It’s dangerous. A．can B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may 25．The new ice animals ________ be ready. The workers have worked on them day and night. A．must B．can’t C．may not D．need 26．According to the traffic rules, students under 16 years old ________ ride electric bikes on public roads. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t 27．________ we go to see the sci-fi film? A．Shall B．Will C．Would D．Should 28．You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．couldn’t 29．It’s already 9 p.m. His parents _________ be back home soon—they usually finish work at this time. A．must B．can C．should D．might not 30．Everyone in town thought they ________ have a pair of earmuffs. A．can B．should C．must D．need 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hello? This is Mary. B: Hi, Mary. This is Dave. 31 ? A: I am playing with my sister in the snow. B: In the snow? Is it very cold there? A: Yes. 32 . And the temperature is -20℃. I’m going to skate this afternoon. B: 33 ? A: Yes, I can skate well. 34 ? B: It’s sunny and warm here. I’m playing football with my friends. A: Where are you playing football? B: In the park. I play football with my friends every weekend. A: I see. 35 . B: Thank you. 四、选词填空 用can/can’t, should, must完成句子。 36．You copy others’ inventions without permission. 37．We protect our environment for future generations. 38．People use new technology to improve their lives. 39．Students follow the rules in the lab when doing experiments. 40．Inventors always be curious about the world around them. 用 must /mustn’t /should/shouldn’t 填空 41．We follow all the traffic rules when we go out. It’s the rule. 42．You run in the classroom. It’s dangerous and breaks school rules. 43．Students listen carefully to teachers in class. 44．You speak loudly in the library. Keep quiet, please. 45．Everyone wear seatbelts when they take a car. 46．We throw rubbish everywhere. We need to keep public places clean. 47．You help your parents do housework in your free time. 48．Drivers drive after drinking wine. It’s against the law. 49．Kids cross the road alone. They need adults’ help. 50．We finish our homework before watching TV. 51．You eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. 52．All visitors show their ID cards before entering the building. 53．Students turn off lights when they leave the classroom to save energy. 54．You touch the wet electric wires. It may hurt you badly. 55．We be polite to classmates and teachers at school. 能力提升 一、语法选择 In China, numbers are not just for counting. They carry deep cultural meanings and play 1 important role in daily life. Many Chinese people believe certain numbers 2 bring good or bad luck according to their pronunciation (发音) in Chinese. The luckiest number is definitely 8 3 it sounds like the word for “wealth”.This connection makes 8 quite 4 in phone numbers, license plates, and business deals. Some people are even willing to pay more money 5 more 8s! The 2008 Beijing Olympics famously began at exactly 8:08 PM 6 August 8, 2008. Number 6 is another favorite one in Chinese culture. Do you know 7 ? It is connected to the word “smooth”. It means 8 and easy progress. At the same time, the number 9 means “long-lasting”, making it perfect for weddings and anniversaries. However, people don’t like to use 9 numbers. The number 4 sounds like “death”, 10 many buildings don’t have the 4th floor, just like some Western buildings don’t have 11 floor. Hospitals and hotels often replace “4” with “3A” or 12 choices. People even think numbers 2, 6, 8 are luckier than odd numbers (奇数) because they represent harmony and balance (和谐与平衡). And people 13 use even numbers (偶数) for gifts, wedding money in red envelopes, and even product pricing. Now 14 understand why numbers matter so much in Chinese culture! If you see a phone number full of 8s next time, you 15 it’s a wish for good luck! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．should B．must C．need D．can 3．A．if B．until C．because D．after 4．A．popular B．popularly C．most popular D．popularity 5．A．gets B．to get C．got D．to getting 6．A．at B．in C．on D．for 7．A．who B．why C．where D．what 8．A．success B．successfully C．succeeded D．succeed 9．A．some B．much C．few D．little 10．A．as B．but C．so D．or 11．A．thirteen B．the thirteen C．thirteenth D．the thirteenth 12．A．another B．others C．other D．the others 13．A．too B．also C．as well D．either 14．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 15．A．knowing B．will know C．knew D．known 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 happy; so; rule; break; he; with; think; and; food; should Tongtong was my little neighbor. There were lots of 16 in his family. For example, he couldn’t play soccer at home. He 17 his parents were too strict (严格的) with him, but his parents didn’t think 18 . They said the rules were useful 19 could help him with his study. One day, his mom went out. Tongtong was happy to play soccer in the room with his pet dog, Lucky. Oh, no! The ball hit (击中) a vase (花瓶) and it 20 into pieces. The room was in a mess. When Mom came home, Tongtong told his mom Lucky did it. “Lucky,” Mom said, “no 21 for you this evening.” Lucky didn’t have dinner. Tongtong felt sorry for it. He knew he should do something. He walked to his mom 22 the soccer ball. “Sorry, Mom,” he said, “Lucky didn’t break the vase. I threw the ball onto it when I played soccer in the room.” “Dear Tongtong, I’m afraid you can’t go to watch the soccer game with dad and me tomorrow. It’s a punishment (惩罚). You 23 remember to follow the rules.” Mom said gently yet firmly (温柔且坚定). Tongtong promised 24 mother, “I know I made mistakes and I will never play soccer at home again, Mom.” After hearing Tongtong’s words, his mother hugged (拥抱) him 25 . 三、短文填空 （一） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 We Chinese think of food as an important part of our lives. Here are some table manners in China. Taking the Right Seat There 26 many special rules about seats at Chinese dinner. There is usually a “Best Seat” for 27 most important person and a right seat for everyone. So, don’t sit in the wrong seat. Eating—Important Rules to Learn ● Always wait for the elders or others 28 try the dishes first. ● Don’t put too much food on your own plate. Using Chopsticks ● People 29 not put chopsticks in rice. ● Do not make a noise with chopsticks. ● Never point at people with chopsticks. When having meals 30 others, we should always remember these rules to show our respect for them. （二） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once there was a piano player in a bar (酒吧). People came just to hear him play. But one night, a customer asked him to sing a song. “I don’t sing,” said the man. But 31 customer told the waiter, “I’m tired of 32 (listen) to the piano. I want that man to sing!” With these words, he 33 (take) out a lot of money and put it on the table. The waiter shouted across the room, “Hey buddy! 34 you want to make money, sing a song!” He didn’t like singing. But there is a first time for everything. So he did. Some people already prepared to laugh at him. To 35 (they) great surprise, the piano player sang very 36 (good). He was really good 37 singing. He may spend the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar, but because he had to sing, he went on to become a famous singer and pianist in the USA．His name was Nat King Cole. This is one of my favorite 38 (story). You, too, have skills and talents (天赋). With hard work, you can 39 (improve) your skills. But you may have no 40 (succeed) at all if you just sit on your talents. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考点08 情态动词（can/can’t,must/mustn’t,should/shouldn’t) 考｜点｜梳｜理 情态动词：本身具有一定的意义，用于表达说话人的情感态度、语气或主观设想。情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词在特殊语境具有特殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall)和情态动词表推测是中考的热点和难点。常见情态动词的基本用法是中考考查的重点。必须根据具体语境判断使用相应的情态动词。 1.can/can’t的用法 （1）表示能力。 （2）I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。 How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久？ （2）表示可能(理论上或是逻辑上)。 He can't have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足够的钱买一辆新车。 （3） 表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen?我能看看你的新钢笔吗？ （4）用于推测，表示可能性，意为＂可能＂，多用于否定或疑问句。 He can't be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁了。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么能这么粗心呢？ （5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can you lend me a hand? 你能帮我一下吗？ 【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes, ...can；否定回答用No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗? —Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/No, I can’t 不，我不会。 2.must/mustn’t的用法 （1）表示义务，意为“必须”(主观意志)。 All visitors must report to reception. 所有来宾必须到接待处报到。 （2）用must提问，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't/don't have to。 （3）表示推测，暗含很大可能性，意为“想必，准是，一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale.他一定是病了。他看起来很苍白。 （4）表示“偏偏，非要”。 Must you ask me such a question?你非得问我这样的问题吗？ （5）mustn't 意为“不要，千万别”，表示禁止。 Children mustn't play with fire.孩子们不能玩火。 must not mustn’t表示“不准、禁止” You mustn’t tell her about it. 【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句，肯定回答为Yes, ...must.；否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must和have to的区别： ①用must表示＂必须＂的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to着重于客观需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我们必须努力学习英语。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。 ②用must表示＂必须＂，只有现在时态的形式，如果要表示过去时或将来时的＂必须＂，就要用have to的相应形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必须开车开快点来赶时间。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他们必须明天早晨起程。 3.should/shouldn’t的用法 （1）表示义务，意为“应该”(某件事适宜做)，用于各种人称。 You should be polite to your teachers.你应该对老师有礼貌。 （2）表示推测，意为“想必，一定，照说应该，估计”等。 They should be home by now.他们现在应该在家。 （3）should还可以用在if引导的虚拟条件从句中。should置于句首时，省略if，相当于“万一”的意思。 If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 Should you change your mind, please let us know.万一你改变主意，请让我们知道。 （4）should还可用在以 why, who, how等开头的疑问句或某些感叹句中，带有感情色彩。意为“竟然，竟会”。 Why should you be so late today?你今天竟然来得这么晚？ should ①“应该”，表示要求、命令或劝告、建议，否定式为shouldn’t ②表示征询意见，常用于疑问句中 ①You should take an umbrella with you. ②Should I call him later？ shall ①表示决心、警告、命令等，意为“必须，一定，应该”，多用于第二人称 ②表示请求或征求对方意见，多用于疑问句中，多用于第一人称 ①You shall sit on the seat until your paper is collected. ②Shall we go to the station by taxi？ 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．You ________ (can) open packages before paying in the supermarket. 【答案】can’t 【详解】句意：在超市付款前你不能打开包裹。结合生活常识，付款前不可以拆开商品包装，此处要用can的否定形式，故填can’t。 2．Teng Fei ________ (can not) play Chinese chess, but he can play international chess. 【答案】can’t 【详解】句意：腾飞不会下中国象棋，但他会下国际象棋。根据提示词“can not”和连词but，可知此处指腾飞不会下中国象棋，can not缩写为can’t。 3．You ________ (must) be late for class. That shows respect for your class and teacher. 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】句意：你不准上课迟到，这是对课堂和老师的尊重。根据后一句的语境，此处表达禁止的含义，must的否定形式mustn’t意为“禁止、不准”，符合语境。 4．You ________ (must) keep your promise to help stray animals. 【答案】must 【详解】句意：你必须遵守帮助流浪动物的承诺。空格处在句中作情态动词，与动词原形keep共同作谓语。情态动词must意为“必须”，其后接动词原形。 5．Drivers ________ (must) drive after drinking. It’s very dangerous. 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】句意：司机酒后禁止驾车，这非常危险。根据后句“It’s very dangerous.”可知，此处表达的是“禁止、不准”的含义。must表示“必须”，其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止、不准”，符合语境。 6．Students ________ (must not) run in the hospital waiting room. 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】句意：学生禁止在医院候诊室奔跑。医院候诊室奔跑属于违规行为，must not表禁止，缩写为mustn’t，后接动词原形“run”。 7．The book ________ (must) be Mike’s—his name is on it. 【答案】must 【详解】句意：这本书一定是迈克的——上面有他的名字。根据“his name is on it”可知，前半句表示肯定推测，因此空处填写情态动词must，意为“一定”。 8．________ (Shall) we visit the science museum this weekend? 【答案】Shall 【详解】句意：这周末我们去参观科学博物馆好吗？Shall是情态动词，用于第一人称I/we开头的疑问句，表提出建议、邀约。 9．—_________ I _________ (get) you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you. 【答案】 Shall get 【详解】句意：——我给你拿一份今天的报纸好吗？——非常感谢。根据“...I...you a copy of today’s newspaper?”可知，应表达我给你拿份报纸好吗，主语是第一人称I，表示“请求、许可”，用情态动词shall，位于句首，首字母大写，后面加动词原形。故填Shall；get。 10．—Shall we _________ (buy) some hair clips for Sandy? —Good idea! Her birthday is coming. 【答案】buy 【详解】句意：——我们给桑迪买几个发夹好吗？——好主意！她的生日就要到了。shall情态动词，后接动词原形。故填buy。 11．You ________ (should not) waste food when helping cook for poor families. 【答案】shouldn’t/should not 【详解】句意：你在为贫困家庭帮忙做饭时不应该浪费食物。should not“不应该”，是情态动词的否定形式，其缩写形式是shouldn’t，意为“不应该”。 12．We ________ (not, should) give up when we meet difficulties in the team. 【答案】shouldn’t 【详解】句意：在团队遇到困难时我们不应该放弃。本句语境是对团队成员提出劝告，should为情态动词，否定形式直接在后面加not，缩写形式是shouldn’t。 13．As students, we ________ (should) try our best to learn knowledge at school. 【答案】should 【详解】句意：作为学生，我们应该在学校尽力学习知识。should是情态动词，情态动词无人称和数的变化，其后直接接动词原形，此处直接使用原形should即可。 14．You ________ (must) finish your homework on time. 【答案】must 【详解】句意：你必须按时完成你的作业。must意为“必须”，是情态动词，无人称和数的变化。 15．Everyone ________ (should) do something to protect our planet. 【答案】should 【详解】句意：每个人都应该为保护我们的星球做点什么。should是情态动词，本身无人称和数的变化。 二、单项选择 16．You ________ open packages or eat food before paying in the supermarket. A．can B．can’t C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在超市付款之前，你不能打开包装或吃东西。can能，可以；can’t不能；must必须；need需要。根据“before paying in the supermarket”可知，超市规定未付款前不能打开包装或吃东西，表示不允许。故选B。 17．The Moon has much weaker gravity than the Earth, so we ________ very high there. A．jump B．can jump C．jumped D．will jump 【答案】B 【详解】句意：月球的引力比地球弱得多，所以我们在那里可以跳得很高。 根据前半句“The Moon has much weaker gravity than the Earth”可知，此处陈述的是一个物理常识，指我们在月球低重力的环境下“能够，可以”跳得很高，表示客观上的能力和可能性。因此，空处需用表示能力的“情态动词can+动词原形”结构，即构成can jump。 18．You ________ feed the animals in the zoo. It’s against the rules. A．can B．must C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你在动物园里不能喂动物。这是违反规定的。can可以；must必须；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“It’s against the rules.”可知，喂动物是违反规定的，表示禁止做某事，应用can’t。 19．The little girl ________ sing English songs well when she was 6, but now she can’t. A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位小女孩6岁时能唱好英文歌，但现在不行了。 can能够（一般现在时）；could能够（一般过去时）；can’t不能（现在）；couldn’t不能（过去）。句中“when she was 6”为过去时间，后文“but now she can’t”转折说明过去有能力，应填could。 20．We ________ turn off our phones and we have to keep them in the lockers. A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们必须关掉手机，并且得把它们锁在储物柜里。 must必须；mustn’t禁止；can能够；can’t不能。根据后半句“and we have to keep them in the lockers”（并且我们必须把它们锁在储物柜里）可知，前半句表达的是“必须关掉手机”，表示强制性要求，应填must。 21．You ________ cheat on tests. It’s against the school rules. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．may not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不许在考试中作弊。这违反校规。mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；may not可能不。根据“It’s against the school rules.”可知，这是强制性规定，表示禁止，应选mustn’t。 22．—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock? —No, you ________. You can finish it before ten. A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．may not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须八点前完成作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以在十点前完成。 needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；may not不可以。以Must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答表示“不必”时，需用 needn’t或don’t have to，而mustn’t表示“禁止”，语气过重。根据答语后句“你可以在十点前完成”可知，此处表示不是必须在八点前完成。应填needn’t。 23．—Must I donate my old books to the charity today? —No, you ________. You can bring them to the library tomorrow. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我必须今天把我的旧书捐给慈善机构吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天把它们带到图书馆。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；don’t have to不必。根据“No”及后句“You can bring them to the library tomorrow.”可知，此处表示没有必要今天捐，是对Must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答，应用don’t have to或needn’t，所以选D。 24．You _________ run in the classroom. It’s dangerous. A．can B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不准在教室里跑。这很危险。can能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；may可以。根据后句“It’s dangerous.”可知在教室里跑很危险，空格处应表示禁止做某事。故选B。 25．The new ice animals ________ be ready. The workers have worked on them day and night. A．must B．can’t C．may not D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新的冰雕动物一定准备好了。工人们日夜不停地制作它们。must一定；can’t不可能；may not可能不；need需要。根据“The workers have worked on them day and night.”可知工人们日夜赶工，付出巨大努力，推测出冰雕动物肯定准备好了，表示肯定推测用must。 26．According to the traffic rules, students under 16 years old ________ ride electric bikes on public roads. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据交通规则，16 岁以下的学生禁止在公共道路上骑电动自行车。 mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；wouldn’t不会；couldn’t不能。根据“According to the traffic rules”可知，此处表示法律法规明令禁止的行为，应填mustn’t。故选A。 27．________ we go to see the sci-fi film? A．Shall B．Will C．Would D．Should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们去看那部科幻电影好吗？  Shall用于第一人称（I/we）疑问句中，表示提出建议或征求对方意见；Will表示将来或意愿；Would表示过去将来或委婉语气；Should表示应该。根据句末问号及句意可知，此处是以第一人称we提出建议，征求对方是否同意去看电影，应填Shall。 28．You ________ eat fast food every day, son. It’s not good for you. A．should B．shouldn’t C．may not D．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：儿子，你不应该每天吃快餐。这对你不好。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；may not可能不；couldn’t不能。根据后句“It’s not good for you.”可知，每天吃快餐对身体不好，此处表示建议不应该这样做。故选B。 29．It’s already 9 p.m. His parents _________ be back home soon—they usually finish work at this time. A．must B．can C．should D．might not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：已经晚上9点了，他的父母应该很快就到家了——他们通常这个时间下班。 must一定；can能；should应该；might not可能不。根据下文“they usually finish work at this time”可知，他们通常这个时间下班，说明“父母快到家”是基于日常习惯做出的合理推测/预期，并非绝对肯定，应使用should进行基于常理、习惯的合理推测。 30．Everyone in town thought they ________ have a pair of earmuffs. A．can B．should C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：镇上所有人都认为他们理应拥有一副耳罩。 can能够，可以；should应该，理应；must一定，必须；need需要。结合教材原文语境，此处表达大家普遍觉得每个人都理应配备耳罩，should符合语义。 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hello? This is Mary. B: Hi, Mary. This is Dave. 31 ? A: I am playing with my sister in the snow. B: In the snow? Is it very cold there? A: Yes. 32 . And the temperature is -20℃. I’m going to skate this afternoon. B: 33 ? A: Yes, I can skate well. 34 ? B: It’s sunny and warm here. I’m playing football with my friends. A: Where are you playing football? B: In the park. I play football with my friends every weekend. A: I see. 35 . B: Thank you. 【答案】31．What are you doing right now 32．It’s very cold here/It’s snowy/It’s snowing 33．Can you skate 34．How’s the weather in your city/What’s the weather like in your city 35．Have a good time/Have fun/Enjoy yourself 【导语】本文主要讲述了Mary和Dave通话时，介绍了各自所在地不同的天气，以及各自正在进行的活动。 【详解】31．后文Mary回答自己当前正在做的事，可知此处Dave询问Mary此刻正在做什么。 32．前文Dave询问Mary那边是不是非常冷，Mary给出肯定回答，后文补充说明了当地的极低气温，可知此处进一步补充说明天气很冷。 33．后文Mary回答自己滑冰滑得很好，可知此处Dave询问Mary是否会滑冰。 34．后文Dave回答了自己所在地的天气状况，可知此处Mary询问Dave那边的天气情况。 35．后文Dave表达了感谢，前文Dave说明自己正在和朋友踢足球，可知此处Mary送上对对方的祝福。 四、选词填空 用can/can’t, should, must完成句子。 36．You copy others’ inventions without permission. 37．We protect our environment for future generations. 38．People use new technology to improve their lives. 39．Students follow the rules in the lab when doing experiments. 40．Inventors always be curious about the world around them. 【答案】36．can’t 37．should 38．can 39．must 40．should 【详解】36．句意：未经许可，你不能抄袭他人的发明。前文提到“copy others’ inventions without permission”，抄袭他人发明是错误行为，应用can’t表示“不能”。 37．句意：我们应该为子孙后代保护环境。前文提到“protect our environment for future generations”，保护环境是我们“应该”做的责任和义务，方框中should意为“应该”。 38．句意：人们可以利用新技术改善生活。前文提到“use new technology to improve their lives”，利用新技术是“能够”做到的事情，方框中can意为“能够”。 39．句意：学生在做实验时必须遵守实验室的规则。前文提到“follow the rules in the lab when doing experiments”，在实验室做实验“必须”遵守规则，这是强制性要求，方框中must意为“必须”。 40．句意：发明家应该对周围的世界保持好奇。前文提到“be curious about the world around them”，发明家“应该”对世界保持好奇，这是建议或期望，方框中should意为“应该”。 用 must /mustn’t /should/shouldn’t 填空 41．We follow all the traffic rules when we go out. It’s the rule. 42．You run in the classroom. It’s dangerous and breaks school rules. 43．Students listen carefully to teachers in class. 44．You speak loudly in the library. Keep quiet, please. 45．Everyone wear seatbelts when they take a car. 46．We throw rubbish everywhere. We need to keep public places clean. 47．You help your parents do housework in your free time. 48．Drivers drive after drinking wine. It’s against the law. 49．Kids cross the road alone. They need adults’ help. 50．We finish our homework before watching TV. 51．You eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. 52．All visitors show their ID cards before entering the building. 53．Students turn off lights when they leave the classroom to save energy. 54．You touch the wet electric wires. It may hurt you badly. 55．We be polite to classmates and teachers at school. 【答案】 41．must 42．mustn’t 43．should 44．mustn’t 45．must 46．mustn’t 47．should 48．mustn’t 49．shouldn’t 50．should/must 51．shouldn’t 52．must 53．should 54．mustn’t 55．should 【详解】41．句意：我们出门时必须遵守所有交通规则，这是规定。交通规则是强制性要求，用must“必须”。 42．句意：你不准在教室里跑，这很危险，也违反校规。禁止、不允许的行为，用mustn’t“不准，禁止”。 43．句意：学生应该在课堂上认真听老师讲课。这是建议性、义务性的要求，用should“应该”。 44．句意：你不准在图书馆大声说话，请保持安静。图书馆的硬性规定，禁止喧哗，用mustn’t“不准，禁止”。 45．句意：每个人乘车时必须系安全带。这是法律/安全强制要求，用must“必须”。 46．句意：我们不准到处扔垃圾，要保持公共场所干净。禁止不文明行为，用mustn’t“不准，禁止”。 47．句意：你空闲时应该帮父母做家务。这是一种道德上的建议和义务，用should“应该”。 48．句意：司机不准酒后驾车，这是违法的。法律明确禁止的行为，用mustn’t“不准，禁止”。 49．句意：孩子不应该独自过马路，他们需要大人帮助。这是安全方面的建议，语气比mustn’t稍弱，用shouldn’t“不应该”。 50．句意：我们看电视前应该/必须先完成作业。should表示建议；must表示强制要求，两者都合理。 51．句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品，这对健康不好。健康方面的建议，用shouldn’t“不应该”。 52．句意：所有访客进入大楼前必须出示身份证。场所的硬性规定，用must“必须”。 53．句意：学生离开教室时应该关灯以节约能源。环保节能的建议，用should“应该”。 54．句意：你不准触碰湿电线，可能会严重伤害到你。危险行为的绝对禁止，用mustn’t“不准，禁止”。 55．句意：我们在学校应该对同学和老师有礼貌。礼貌是一种应有的行为规范，用should“应该”。 能力提升 一、语法选择 In China, numbers are not just for counting. They carry deep cultural meanings and play 1 important role in daily life. Many Chinese people believe certain numbers 2 bring good or bad luck according to their pronunciation (发音) in Chinese. The luckiest number is definitely 8 3 it sounds like the word for “wealth”.This connection makes 8 quite 4 in phone numbers, license plates, and business deals. Some people are even willing to pay more money 5 more 8s! The 2008 Beijing Olympics famously began at exactly 8:08 PM 6 August 8, 2008. Number 6 is another favorite one in Chinese culture. Do you know 7 ? It is connected to the word “smooth”. It means 8 and easy progress. At the same time, the number 9 means “long-lasting”, making it perfect for weddings and anniversaries. However, people don’t like to use 9 numbers. The number 4 sounds like “death”, 10 many buildings don’t have the 4th floor, just like some Western buildings don’t have 11 floor. Hospitals and hotels often replace “4” with “3A” or 12 choices. People even think numbers 2, 6, 8 are luckier than odd numbers (奇数) because they represent harmony and balance (和谐与平衡). And people 13 use even numbers (偶数) for gifts, wedding money in red envelopes, and even product pricing. Now 14 understand why numbers matter so much in Chinese culture! If you see a phone number full of 8s next time, you 15 it’s a wish for good luck! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．should B．must C．need D．can 3．A．if B．until C．because D．after 4．A．popular B．popularly C．most popular D．popularity 5．A．gets B．to get C．got D．to getting 6．A．at B．in C．on D．for 7．A．who B．why C．where D．what 8．A．success B．successfully C．succeeded D．succeed 9．A．some B．much C．few D．little 10．A．as B．but C．so D．or 11．A．thirteen B．the thirteen C．thirteenth D．the thirteenth 12．A．another B．others C．other D．the others 13．A．too B．also C．as well D．either 14．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 15．A．knowing B．will know C．knew D．known 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国文化中数字的特殊含义，列举了幸运数字8、6、9和不幸运数字4的由来及其在生活中的具体应用。 【详解】1．句意：它们承载深厚的文化内涵，在日常生活中发挥重要作用。 play an important role是固定搭配，意为“发挥重要作用”，故填an。a“一个”、the“这个”表特指和不填均不符。 2．句意：许多中国人认为，依据中文发音，某些数字能带来好运或厄运。 根据语境和常识可知，这里表示可能性，填can。should“应该”、must“必须”和need“需要”均不符。 3．句意：最幸运的数字肯定是8，因为它听起来像“发”。 后半句“it sounds like the word for ‘wealth’”是前半句“The luckiest number is definitely 8”的原因，故填表示原因的连词because。if“如果”、until“直到”和after“在……之后”均不符。 4．句意：这种联系使得8在手机号、车牌和生意往来中很受欢迎。 make sth.后接形容词作宾语补足语，且quite只能修饰形容词原级，故填popular。popularly“受欢迎地”、most popular“最受欢迎的”和popularity“流行”均不符。 5．句意：有些人甚至愿意付更多的钱来获得更多的8。 “pay more money”是为了获得更多的8，表目的用动词不定式，故填to get。第三人称单数形式gets、过去式got过去式和错误结构to getting均不符。 6．句意：2008年北京奥运会在2008年8月8日晚上8:08开始。 “August 8, 2008”是具体日期，介词用on。其他介词搭配不当。at“在”表时刻，in“在”表年月，for“为了”，均不符。 7．句意：你知道为什么吗？ 后文“It is connected to the word…”是在解释原因，故此处问的是why。who“谁”、where“哪里”和what“什么”均不符。 8．句意：它意味着成功和顺利的进展。 means后需要名词作宾语，and连接两个并列的名词，故填success。副词successfully、过去式succeeded和动词succeed均不符。 9．句意：然而，人们不喜欢使用某些数字。 numbers是可数名词复数，且指代特定的不吉利数字，故填some。much“很多”和little“很少”修饰不可数名词，few“很少”表否定，均不符。 10．句意：数字4听起来像“死”，所以许多大楼没有4楼，就像西方一些建筑没有13楼。 前半句“The number 4 sounds like ‘death’”是后半句“many buildings don’t have the 4th floor”的原因，故填表示结果的连词so。as“因为，作为”、but“但是”和or“或者”均不符。 11．句意：数字4听起来像“死”，所以许多大楼没有4楼，就像西方一些建筑没有13楼。 表示第几层楼用序数词，且前面需要加the，故填the thirteenth。thirteen“十三”、the thirteen“这十三”和thirteenth“第十三”均不符。 12．句意：医院和酒店常用“3A”或其他选择代替“4”。 空后是复数名词choices，故填other。another“另一个”接单数名词，others“其他，其他人”，the others“剩余的”，均不符。 13．句意：人们也会在送礼、红包礼金、商品定价时使用偶数。 空处位于实义动词use之前，故填also。too和as well常置句末，either用于否定句，均不符。 14．句意：现在你明白为什么数字在中国文化中如此重要了！ 句子缺主语，用人称代词主格you。形容词性物主代词your“你的”、名词性物主代词yours“你的”和反身代词yourself“你自己”均不符。 15．句意：如果你下次看到满是8的电话号码，你就会知道这是对好运的祝愿。 本句是If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，故主句用一般将来时，填will know。现在分词knowing、过去式knew和过去分词known均不符。 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 happy; so; rule; break; he; with; think; and; food; should Tongtong was my little neighbor. There were lots of 16 in his family. For example, he couldn’t play soccer at home. He 17 his parents were too strict (严格的) with him, but his parents didn’t think 18 . They said the rules were useful 19 could help him with his study. One day, his mom went out. Tongtong was happy to play soccer in the room with his pet dog, Lucky. Oh, no! The ball hit (击中) a vase (花瓶) and it 20 into pieces. The room was in a mess. When Mom came home, Tongtong told his mom Lucky did it. “Lucky,” Mom said, “no 21 for you this evening.” Lucky didn’t have dinner. Tongtong felt sorry for it. He knew he should do something. He walked to his mom 22 the soccer ball. “Sorry, Mom,” he said, “Lucky didn’t break the vase. I threw the ball onto it when I played soccer in the room.” “Dear Tongtong, I’m afraid you can’t go to watch the soccer game with dad and me tomorrow. It’s a punishment (惩罚). You 23 remember to follow the rules.” Mom said gently yet firmly (温柔且坚定). Tongtong promised 24 mother, “I know I made mistakes and I will never play soccer at home again, Mom.” After hearing Tongtong’s words, his mother hugged (拥抱) him 25 . 【答案】 16．rules 17．thought 18．so 19．and 20．broke 21．food 22．with 23．should 24．his 25．happily 【导语】本文讲述了邻居小男孩童童在家违反家规踢足球打碎花瓶，一开始撒谎嫁祸给宠物狗，最后主动向妈妈承认错误的故事，告诉我们要遵守规则、做人诚实守信的道理。 【详解】16．句意：他家有很多家规。空格前“There were lots of”后需接可数名词复数，结合后文多处介绍家庭里的各项规定，备选词rule“规则、家规”符合语境，其复数形式为rules。 17．句意：他觉得父母对自己要求太严格了，可他的父母却不这么认为。本句缺少主句谓语动词，全文时态为一般过去时，需用动词的过去式；结合下文“but his parents didn’t think …”可知，此处是指他认为父母太严格了，备选词think“认为”符合语境，其过去式为thought，后接宾语从句。 18．句意：他觉得父母对自己要求太严格了，可他的父母却不这么认为。结合“but his parents didn’t think…”，此处为固定搭配think so，so用来指代上文男孩觉得父母过于严格这件事，其余单词无法用于该结构。 19．句意：他们说这些规则很有用，并且能在学习方面帮助他。空格前后两个分句为并列顺承关系，需要并列连词连接，备选词and“并且”符合句子逻辑，其余词汇没有连词属性。 20．句意：球撞到了花瓶，花瓶碎成了碎片。“and”连接两个并列分句，全文为一般过去时，此处缺少谓语动词的过去式；结合空格后“into pieces”可知，此处是指花瓶被撞碎了，备选词break“打碎”符合语境，其过去式为broke。 21．句意：“Lucky，”妈妈说，“今晚没有你的食物了。” 根据后文小狗没有吃晚饭可知，此处表示不给小狗食物，备选词food“食物”符合语境，no后接名词food。 22．句意：他拿着足球走向妈妈。此处需要介词表示伴随状态，备选词with“拿着、带着”符合男孩手握足球走向妈妈的场景。 23．句意：你应该记住要遵守规则。空格后接动词原形“remember”，备选词should为情态动词，后接动词原形，用来表达妈妈对男孩的劝告叮嘱，符合语法要求。 24．句意：童童向妈妈保证：“妈妈，我知道自己犯错了，以后再也不在家里踢足球了。” 空格后修饰名词“mother”，需要形容词性物主代词，备选词he对应的形容词性物主代词为his，表示“他的”，用来限定“mother”。 25．句意：听完童童的话，妈妈开心地拥抱了他。空格处需要副词修饰动词“hugged”，备选词happy“开心的”符合语境，其副词形式为happily，用来描述拥抱时的状态。 三、短文填空 （一） 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 We Chinese think of food as an important part of our lives. Here are some table manners in China. Taking the Right Seat There 26 many special rules about seats at Chinese dinner. There is usually a “Best Seat” for 27 most important person and a right seat for everyone. So, don’t sit in the wrong seat. Eating—Important Rules to Learn ● Always wait for the elders or others 28 try the dishes first. ● Don’t put too much food on your own plate. Using Chopsticks ● People 29 not put chopsticks in rice. ● Do not make a noise with chopsticks. ● Never point at people with chopsticks. When having meals 30 others, we should always remember these rules to show our respect for them. 【答案】26．are 27．the 28．to 29．should 30．with 【导语】本文介绍了中国的一些餐桌礼仪，包括就座礼仪、饮食重要规则以及使用筷子的规则等，强调和他人用餐时应记住这些规则以表尊重。 【详解】26．句意：中式宴席关于座位有许多特殊规矩。该处需一个be动词，在句中作谓语；“many special rules about seats at Chinese dinner”提示语义与“有很多规则”相关；句子为there be句型，rules为复数，要求使用be动词复数形式。应填are。 27．句意：通常设有“主位”，留给地位最高的人，其他人也各有对应座位。该处需一个定冠词，在句中作定语；“most important person”提示语义与“最重要的人”相关；形容词最高级前需用定冠词the。 28．句意：一定要等候长辈或其他人先动筷品尝菜品。该处需一个动词不定式符号to，与后面动词原形构成动词不定式结构；“Always wait for the elders or others...try the dishes first”提示语义与“等待长辈或其他人先尝菜”相关；“wait for sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，要求使用to do形式。故填to。 29．句意：人们不应把筷子插在米饭中。该处需一个情态动词，在句中作谓语；“not put chopsticks in rice”提示语义与“不应该把筷子插在米饭里”相关；句子表达一种建议、要求，结合语境可知用should。 30．句意：当和他人一同用餐时，我们应当牢记这些规矩，以此表达对他人的尊重。该处需一个介词，在句中作状语；“When having meals...others”提示语义与“和其他人一起吃饭时”相关；表示“和……一起”用介词with。 （二） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once there was a piano player in a bar (酒吧). People came just to hear him play. But one night, a customer asked him to sing a song. “I don’t sing,” said the man. But 31 customer told the waiter, “I’m tired of 32 (listen) to the piano. I want that man to sing!” With these words, he 33 (take) out a lot of money and put it on the table. The waiter shouted across the room, “Hey buddy! 34 you want to make money, sing a song!” He didn’t like singing. But there is a first time for everything. So he did. Some people already prepared to laugh at him. To 35 (they) great surprise, the piano player sang very 36 (good). He was really good 37 singing. He may spend the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar, but because he had to sing, he went on to become a famous singer and pianist in the USA．His name was Nat King Cole. This is one of my favorite 38 (story). You, too, have skills and talents (天赋). With hard work, you can 39 (improve) your skills. But you may have no 40 (succeed) at all if you just sit on your talents. 【答案】 31．another 32．listening 33．took 34．If 35．their 36．well 37．at 38．stories 39．improve 40．success 【导语】本文讲述了酒吧钢琴手纳京高被顾客要求唱歌后，意外发现自己歌唱天赋，最终成为美国著名歌手和钢琴家的故事。 【详解】31．句意：但是另一位顾客告诉服务员：“我厌倦了听钢琴。我想让那个人唱歌！”空格前有“But”表示转折，前文已提到“a customer”，此处表示“另一位顾客”，应用不定代词“another”，泛指三者及以上中的另一个。 32．句意：但是另一位顾客告诉服务员：“我厌倦了听钢琴。我想让那个人唱歌！”固定搭配“be tired of doing sth.”意为“厌倦做某事”，“listen”的动名词形式为“listening”。 33．句意：说完这些话，他拿出很多钱放在桌子上。描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。动词“take”的过去式为“took”，与后文“put”并列作谓语。 34．句意：服务员对着房间喊道：“嘿，伙计！如果你想赚钱，就唱首歌！” 此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果……”，应用连词“If”，位于句首首字母大写。 35．句意：令他们大为惊讶的是，这位钢琴手唱得很好。固定短语“to one’s surprise”意为“令某人惊讶的是”，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“surprise”，主语为“they”，故用“their”。 36．句意：令他们大为惊讶的是，这位钢琴手唱得很好。 修饰动词“sang”，应用副词形式。“good”的副词为“well”，表示“唱得好”。 37．句意：他真的很擅长唱歌。固定搭配“be good at”意为“擅长……”。 38．句意：这是我最喜欢的故事之一。“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，故“story”需变为复数形式“stories”。 39．句意：通过努力工作，你可以提高你的技能。情态动词“can”后接动词原形。 40．句意：但如果你只是坐拥天赋，你可能根本不会成功动词“have”后需接名词作宾语，“succeed”的名词形式为“success”，且为不可数名词，用原形。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $