考点05 方位介词（七下复习讲义）-2026年暑假七升八英语难点梳理+精准提优专练（仁爱科普版）

考点05 方位介词 考｜点｜梳｜理 介词短语可在句中 作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。如： 介词短语 示例 作定语 The woman with a flower on her head is from the countryside. (定语) 作状语 We have breakfast at seven.（表时间） He goes to work by bus every day.(方式状语) They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因） What do you mean by doing such a thing?（表方法） Nothing in the world could live without air or water.（表条件） For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. 一百多年来，最有影响力的英语词典是塞缪尔·约翰逊于1755年出版的词典。（表时间） 作表语 My glasses are on the desk. 我的眼镜在课桌上放着。 A few apples remain on the tree.树上还留有机关苹果。 作补足语 I found the old building in a bad condition.我发现那栋旧建筑状况很差。 They must keep their hands behind their backs.他们必须把手放在背后。 方位介词：at, in, on, to, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through at, in, at表示“在某地（较狭窄的场所）”； in表示“在某地（较宽敞的场所）”。 at home在家 at a factory在一家工厂 in Beijing在北京 in the world在世界上 on, above, over和below, under on表示“在……上面（有接触面）”；above表示“在……上方”；over表示“在……正上方”；under表示“在……正下方”；below表示“在……下方”。 on the wall在墙上 above the clouds在云端 over the sea在海上 under the chair在椅子下 below the surface of the water在水面下 by, near by表示“在……旁边”； near表示“在……附近”。 by me在我旁边 near the house在房子附近 between, among, around between表示“在两者之间”； among表示“在三者（以上）之中”； around表示“环绕（四周）”。 between A and B在A和B之间 among the trees在树林中 around the table围在桌边 in front of, opposite, behind in front of表示“在……前面/正面”； behind表示“在……后面”； opposite表示“在……对面”。 in front of the classroom在教室前面 behind my house在我家房子后面 opposite me在我对面 in, into, out of , up in表示“在……之内”， into表示“进入”； out of表示“从……到外面”； up表示“向上移动”。 be in the classroom在教室里 ran into the classroom跑进教室 rush out of the room冲出房间 climb up the tree爬上树 along, across, past, through along表示“沿着”； across表示“横穿（平面）”； past表示“经过”； through表示“通过（内部空间）”其含义与in有关，。 along the river/railway沿着河边/铁路 across the river横渡过河 past the city hall经过市政厅 through the city/forest穿过城市/森林 to, for, from to表示“到达……目的地或目标”； for表示“向……（目的地）”； from表示“从……（地点）起”。 get to the airport到达机场 leave for动身去 from Beijing to Shanghai从北京到上海 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．It was quiet and the mirror ________ (在……对面) him was reflecting the light into his eyes. 2．The river runs ________ (在……下面) the bridge. 3．We can see the moon ________（在……上面）the mountain. 4．Xinjiang cotton is ________ the best of its kind. (在……中) 5．They are moving ________ (向) the city center. 6．Please put your book ________ (在……上面) the desk. 7．The library is ________ (在……后面) the gym. 8．My home is ________ (在……附近) the underground station. 9．Go ________ this road and turn right. (沿着) 10．Be careful when you walk ________ (横穿) the street. 11．There is no one ________ (在……里面) the classroom. Where does everyone go? 12．Sandy wants to know what is ________ (在里面) the toy box. 13．My school is ________ the library. (在……旁边) 14．I drove ________ (到另一侧) the bookstore and met my old friend by the road. 15．Don’t park (停车) the car just ________ (在外面) our house, please. 二、单项选择 16．Look at the picture on the right. The Culture Corner is two floors ________ the AI Corner. A．over B．under C．above D．below 17．It’s so hot today, and the sun is shining high ________ the city. A．in B．above C．below D．behind 18．—Where is your sister, Tim? —Oh. She is telling stories ________ many children over there. A．among B．over C．from D．between 19．— Do you know the Ferris wheel in Squirrel Town? — Sure. When it reaches the top, the beautiful view of Wuhu is ________ us. A．between B．over C．above D．below 20．—Do you know the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河)? —Yes, it’s a beautiful river, runs through Yangzhou and there are many beautiful bridges _________ the river. A．across B．above C．over D．on 21．— Excuse me, where are the children’s clothes shops? — They are ________ the ________ floor. You can take the lift (电梯) there. A．in; four B．on; fourth C．in; fourth D．on; four 22．We held a basketball match ________ our school gym last Friday afternoon. A．on B．to C．in D．with 23．—Excuse me, where is the bank? —Go ________ the bridge and you can see it on your right. A．through B．across C．past 24．The pay phone is ________ Green Street and it’s across ________ the library. A．in; to B．at; through C．on; from 25．The park is ________ my home. A．between B．near C．next 26．The desk is ________ the window and the door. A．between B．near C．on 27．The bank is ________ the hotel and the restaurant. A．between B．in C．on D．among 28．—Look! I just can’t do this movement perfectly! What should I do? —Well, in Dunhuang dance, this part needs you to lift your hands ________ your head. A．across B．under C．between D．above 29．The little dog sits ________ my foot. It’s very warm. A．beside B．between C．above D．below 30．There is a village behind the mountain. The mountain is ________ the village. A．in front of B．behind C．between D．next to 三、选词填空 介词备选：across, on, behind, in front of, between, next to, beside, left, right 31．Walk the bridge, and the zoo is there. 32．The zoo is your right after you cross the bridge. 33．There is a big lake the teaching building. 34．The little girl stands the wooden door. We can only see half her body. 35．The park is the school and the hospital. 36．My home is the shopping mall. We are neighbors. 37．The bank is of the library. (左边) 38．The restaurant is of the park. (右边) 39．There is a small village the high mountain. (山的前面) 40．The mountain is the small village. (村庄的后面) 41．The bookshop is the library and the classroom. 42．The hotel is the hospital. It’s very close. (beside同义) 43．Turn , and you’ll see the post office. 44．The tree is Mr. Li’s house, there are no houses there. 45．Mr. Liu lives Mr. Lin and Mr. Wang. 46．Mr. Zhang’s house is Mr. Wang’s house. 47．The Jones live Mr. Zhang. 48．Go the river, you can see a zoo. 49．A big playground is our classroom building. 50．Don’t stand the door, others can’t come in. 能力提升 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last weekend, I went to Huangguoshu Waterfall in Guizhou with my parents. The weather was sunny and the air was fresh. We got up early because we wanted to enjoy the nice waterfall. Also we prepared three 1 of water for the trip because it took a long time to walk. On the way, we saw many colorful flowers and they made us feel 2 . When we got there, my father asked me to walk beside him. And I could 3 around freely. I followed 4 parents all the way. I 5 run near the waterfall to stay safe. Suddenly I heard someone shouting, “Look 6 . There is a beautiful rainbow above the waterfall.” Wow! It was so amazing to see the lucky rainbow. And mom asked, “Dear son, can you see the people over there? 7 are they doing?” I ran quickly to find out and said, “Mom and Dad. Come and see! They 8 pictures of the rainbow over the waterfall.” Later, we had 9 good rest under a tall tree. “Would you like to eat beef 10 fish for dinner?” Mom asked us. Finally we had Guizhou Sour Soup Fish (酸汤鱼). It was really a day to remember. 1．A．bottle B．bottles C．bottles’ 2．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily 3．A．/lʊk/ B．/lʊks/ C．/lʊkt/ 4．A．I B．me C．my 5．A．don’t B．didn’t C．wasn’t 6．A．up B．down C．over 7．A．Why B．What C．Where 8．A．take B．took C．are taking 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．and B．so C．or 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Fan Kuan was a famous painter of the Song Dynasty. He made many good 11 (painting). Young artists wanted Fan to teach them. “You must learn from a 12 (great) teacher than me. He lives all around you. 13 (he) name is Nature,” Fan said. Fan Kuan believed that if you wanted to understand nature, you had to touch it, smell it, and listen to it. He lived in the mountains and 14 (watch) the seasons change. One morning, Fan met 15 old farmer on a mountain path. The farmer was scared at first, 16 he relaxed after knowing Fan was not a danger. Then, Fan Kuan 17 (invite) by the farmer to his home for a meal. In return, he painted a picture for the farmer. Everything 18 the painting looked so real that the farmer was shocked. As Fan was leaving, the farmer asked 19 he lived. “Mountains or forests, east or west, all can be my home,” Fan answered 20 (quiet). The farmer thought Fan was strange. Fan just smiled and said, “I have lived in nature for many years.” 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Section B shows us different club posters 21 emails to apply for clubs. The book club lets people read and act 22 stories. The nature club members go hiking, watch birds and take photos outdoors. The cooking club teaches students 23 cook tasty Chinese dishes like jiaozi and mapo tofu. Every poster tells us the club activities, meeting time, place 24 contact emails. Xu Cong writes an email 25 Bill to join the book club. He loves reading very much but can’t find good books alone. He hopes 26 share ideas with other book lovers in the club. We choose one club we like 27 write a short email to the organizer. We talk about our hobbies and the things we 28 do well. Joining school clubs lets us find our talents and interests, 29 our hobbies make us special and interesting 30 school life. 三、选词填空 根据句意填入across 或through One day, Little Peter goes to see his grandma. First, he needs to go 31 the river, but there are no boats. He looks around and finds a bridge. He walks 32 the bridge and goes into the forest. He runs 33 the forest because he is a little scared. When he gets there, he runs 34 the door and hugs his grandma. He gives her a scarf and he says it is popular 35 the whole country. 选用方框中的介词或介词短语填空 (每个限用一次) in front of  behind  next to  between  across from  on  under 36．The library is the classroom building. 37．The bookcases are the window. 38．There is a teacher’s building the school hall. 39．There is a student centre the library and the gym. 40．There are some trees the sports field. 41．There’s a screen the wall. 42．The teacher’s desk is a window. 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） | walk up | turn left onto | opposite | go straight | past | 43．— Excuse me. How can I get to the post office?   — Kingswell Street and Green Road. 44．— Is the post office on Green Road?   — Yes. It’s the cinema. 45．— Where is the police station?   — Walk along Eaton Road, the bookshop and the hospital. 46．— Do I need to turn right?   — No, just for two blocks. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考点05 方位介词 考｜点｜梳｜理 介词短语可在句中 作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。如： 介词短语 示例 作定语 The woman with a flower on her head is from the countryside. (定语) 作状语 We have breakfast at seven.（表时间） He goes to work by bus every day.(方式状语) They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因） What do you mean by doing such a thing?（表方法） Nothing in the world could live without air or water.（表条件） For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. 一百多年来，最有影响力的英语词典是塞缪尔·约翰逊于1755年出版的词典。（表时间） 作表语 My glasses are on the desk. 我的眼镜在课桌上放着。 A few apples remain on the tree.树上还留有机关苹果。 作补足语 I found the old building in a bad condition.我发现那栋旧建筑状况很差。 They must keep their hands behind their backs.他们必须把手放在背后。 方位介词：at, in, on, to, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through at, in, at表示“在某地（较狭窄的场所）”； in表示“在某地（较宽敞的场所）”。 at home在家 at a factory在一家工厂 in Beijing在北京 in the world在世界上 on, above, over和below, under on表示“在……上面（有接触面）”；above表示“在……上方”；over表示“在……正上方”；under表示“在……正下方”；below表示“在……下方”。 on the wall在墙上 above the clouds在云端 over the sea在海上 under the chair在椅子下 below the surface of the water在水面下 by, near by表示“在……旁边”； near表示“在……附近”。 by me在我旁边 near the house在房子附近 between, among, around between表示“在两者之间”； among表示“在三者（以上）之中”； around表示“环绕（四周）”。 between A and B在A和B之间 among the trees在树林中 around the table围在桌边 in front of, opposite, behind in front of表示“在……前面/正面”； behind表示“在……后面”； opposite表示“在……对面”。 in front of the classroom在教室前面 behind my house在我家房子后面 opposite me在我对面 in, into, out of , up in表示“在……之内”， into表示“进入”； out of表示“从……到外面”； up表示“向上移动”。 be in the classroom在教室里 ran into the classroom跑进教室 rush out of the room冲出房间 climb up the tree爬上树 along, across, past, through along表示“沿着”； across表示“横穿（平面）”； past表示“经过”； through表示“通过（内部空间）”其含义与in有关，。 along the river/railway沿着河边/铁路 across the river横渡过河 past the city hall经过市政厅 through the city/forest穿过城市/森林 to, for, from to表示“到达……目的地或目标”； for表示“向……（目的地）”； from表示“从……（地点）起”。 get to the airport到达机场 leave for动身去 from Beijing to Shanghai从北京到上海 基础过关 1、 用所给单词适当形式填空 1．It was quiet and the mirror ________ (在……对面) him was reflecting the light into his eyes. 【答案】opposite 【详解】句意：周围很安静，他对面的镜子把光线反射进他的眼睛里。opposite意为“在……对面”，介词。故填opposite。 2．The river runs ________ (在……下面) the bridge. 【答案】under 【详解】句意：河水从桥下流过。此处需要介词表示位置，河流从桥的垂直正下方流过，“在……下面”用under。 3．We can see the moon ________（在……上面）the mountain. 【答案】above 【详解】句意：我们可以在山上看到月亮。在……上面：above，介词；月亮在山的上方，不是正上方关系，故用above。 4．Xinjiang cotton is ________ the best of its kind. (在……中) 【答案】among 【详解】句意：新疆棉花在同类产品中属于上乘。 表达“在……之中”且用于最高级范围，among适用于多类事物之间，符合本句语境。 5．They are moving ________ (向) the city center. 【答案】towards 【详解】句意：他们正朝市中心走去。move towards是固定搭配，towards为介词，表示朝向、向，后接地点名词。故填towards。 6．Please put your book ________ (在……上面) the desk. 【答案】on 【详解】句意：请把你的书放在书桌上面。“在……上面”对应的英文表达是on，介词。 7．The library is ________ (在……后面) the gym. 【答案】behind 【详解】句意：图书馆在体育馆后面。空格处在句中作介词，与后面的名词短语the gym共同构成介词短语作表语，用于表示空间方位。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应填入behind。 8．My home is ________ (在……附近) the underground station. 【答案】near 【详解】句意：我家在地铁站附近。“在……附近”对应的英文表达为near，介词短语“near the underground station”在句中作表语。 9．Go ________ this road and turn right. (沿着) 【答案】down 【详解】句意：沿着这条路走并右转。根据空格前的“Go”和中文提示“沿着”,结合短语go down意为“沿着……走”，可知此处可填down。 10．Be careful when you walk ________ (横穿) the street. 【答案】across 【详解】句意：过马路的时候要小心。括号提示词义“横穿”，句中已有动词walk，不能再用动词cross；介词across表示“从表面横穿”，固定搭配walk across the street 意为“过马路”，因此填across。 11．There is no one ________ (在……里面) the classroom. Where does everyone go? 【答案】in 【详解】句意：教室里一个人都没有，大家都去哪里了？“在……里面”对应的英文为in，“在教室里”是固定搭配in the classroom，表示人处于教室内部空间，应用in。 12．Sandy wants to know what is ________ (在里面) the toy box. 【答案】inside 【详解】句意：桑迪想知道玩具盒里面有什么。 此处需要填入表示“在里面”的介词，inside意为“在……里面”，符合句子语境。 13．My school is ________ the library. (在……旁边) 【答案】next to 【详解】句意： 我的学校在图书馆旁边。next to“在……旁边”，介词短语，表示位置紧邻、挨着。 14．I drove ________ (到另一侧) the bookstore and met my old friend by the road. 【答案】past 【详解】句意：我开车经过书店，在路边遇到了我的老朋友。“past”是介词，意为“从一侧到另一侧，经过”，常与drive等动词搭配，表示从某物旁边经过，故填past。 15．Don’t park (停车) the car just ________ (在外面) our house, please. 【答案】outside 【详解】句意：请不要把车就停在我们家外面。根据汉语提示“在外面”可知，此处应用介词outside，构成介词短语outside our house，在句中作地点状语。 二、单项选择 16．Look at the picture on the right. The Culture Corner is two floors ________ the AI Corner. A．over B．under C．above D．below 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看右边的图片。文化角在人工智能角上方两层。over在……正上方；under在……正下方；above在……上方；below在……下方。根据图片及“two floors”可知，Culture Corner在三楼（3F），AI Corner在一楼（1F），此处指隔了两层楼的上方，above表示“在……上方”且可强调楼层间隔，符合语境。 17．It’s so hot today, and the sun is shining high ________ the city. A．in B．above C．below D．behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天太热了，太阳高高地照耀在城市上空。in在……里面；above在……上方；below在……下方；behind在……后面。根据“It’s so hot today, and the sun is shining high”可知，太阳高悬，位置应该是在城市上方。 18．—Where is your sister, Tim? —Oh. She is telling stories ________ many children over there. A．among B．over C．from D．between 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你妹妹在哪里？——哦。她正在那边许多孩子中间讲故事。 among在……中间（三者或以上）；over在……上方；from来自；between在……中间（两者之间）。根据“many children”可知是许多孩子，表示在三者或三者以上中间，应用 among。故选A。 19．— Do you know the Ferris wheel in Squirrel Town? — Sure. When it reaches the top, the beautiful view of Wuhu is ________ us. A．between B．over C．above D．below 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道松鼠小镇的摩天轮吗？——当然。当它到达最高点时，芜湖的美景就在我们下方。 between在两者之间；over在……正上方（垂直）；above在……上方（不强调垂直）；below在……下方。摩天轮升到最高处，地面上的风景处在人的下方，用below。 20．—Do you know the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河)? —Yes, it’s a beautiful river, runs through Yangzhou and there are many beautiful bridges _________ the river. A．across B．above C．over D．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道京杭大运河吗？——是的，它是一条美丽的河流，流经扬州，河上横跨着许多美丽的桥梁。across穿过；above在……上方；over在……正上方，横跨；on在……上面。根据“there are many beautiful bridges…the river”可知，桥梁横跨在河流上方，且不接触水面，应填over。 21．— Excuse me, where are the children’s clothes shops? — They are ________ the ________ floor. You can take the lift (电梯) there. A．in; four B．on; fourth C．in; fourth D．on; four 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，童装店在哪里？——它们在四楼。你可以乘电梯去那里。in在……里面，介词；four四，基数词；on在……上面，介词；fourth第四，序数词。第一空，表示在某楼层用介词on。第二空，表示第几层楼用序数词，填fourth。 22．We held a basketball match ________ our school gym last Friday afternoon. A．on B．to C．in D．with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周五下午我们在学校体育馆里举行了一场篮球比赛。on在……上面；to到……；in在……里面；with和……一起。根据“our school gym”可知，表示在建筑物或封闭空间内部，应用介词in。 23．—Excuse me, where is the bank? —Go ________ the bridge and you can see it on your right. A．through B．across C．past 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，银行在哪里？——走过这座桥，你就能在右边看到它。through从内部穿过；across从表面横穿；past经过。根据“Go…the bridge”可知是指从桥面上走过，使用搭配go across the bridge。 24．The pay phone is ________ Green Street and it’s across ________ the library. A．in; to B．at; through C．on; from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个公用电话在格林街上，它在图书馆的对面。in在……里面；to不存在across to表示“在某物对面”的方位搭配；at一般用于修饰具体的小地点（比如具体门牌号、某个站点）；through通过，没有across through的短语搭配；on在……上面；from从……、来自，across from表示“在……对面”。此处表示在具体的街道路面上常用介词on；across from为固定短语，意为“在……对面”。应填on； from。 25．The park is ________ my home. A．between B．near C．next 【答案】B 【详解】句意：公园在我家附近。  between在……之间（两者之间）；near在……附近；next下一个（next to为“紧挨着”）。near表示“在附近”，符合“公园在我家附近”的语境且语法正确。 26．The desk is ________ the window and the door. A．between B．near C．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：书桌在窗户和门中间。 between在……两者之间；near在……附近；on在……上面。between固定搭配between...and...表示在两者之间，句中出现the window and the door两个事物，符合该用法；near不能和and搭配使用，on表示在物体表面，语义不符。应填between。 27．The bank is ________ the hotel and the restaurant. A．between B．in C．on D．among 【答案】A 【详解】句意：银行在旅馆和饭店之间。between在……之间（两者）；in在……里面；on在……上面；among在……之间（三者或以上）。根据“... the hotel and the restaurant”可知，此处涉及两个地点，且有关键词and，固定搭配between... and... 表示“在……和……之间”，应填between。 28．—Look! I just can’t do this movement perfectly! What should I do? —Well, in Dunhuang dance, this part needs you to lift your hands ________ your head. A．across B．under C．between D．above 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！我就是不能完美地完成这个动作！我该怎么办？——嗯，在敦煌舞中，这一部分需要你把手举到头的上方。across穿过；under 在……下面；between在……之间；above在……上面。根据“lift your hands”并结合敦煌舞特点及语境可知，动作方向是向上，手应在头的上方，above符合。 29．The little dog sits ________ my foot. It’s very warm. A．beside B．between C．above D．below 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这只小狗坐在我的脚边，非常暖和。beside在……旁边；between在……之间（需接两个对象）；above在……上方；below在……下方。根据“It’s very warm.”（很暖和）和语境，小狗应是坐在脚边，应填beside。 30．There is a village behind the mountain. The mountain is ________ the village. A．in front of B．behind C．between D．next to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：山后面有一个村庄。这座山在村庄的前面。in front of在……前面，behind在……后面，between 在……之间，next to表示在……旁边。前句指出“There is a village behind the mountain”村庄位于山的后面，根据方位相对关系，山应位于村庄的前面，应用in front of。 三、选词填空 介词备选：across, on, behind, in front of, between, next to, beside, left, right 31．Walk the bridge, and the zoo is there. 32．The zoo is your right after you cross the bridge. 33．There is a big lake the teaching building. 34．The little girl stands the wooden door. We can only see half her body. 35．The park is the school and the hospital. 36．My home is the shopping mall. We are neighbors. 37．The bank is of the library. (左边) 38．The restaurant is of the park. (右边) 39．There is a small village the high mountain. (山的前面) 40．The mountain is the small village. (村庄的后面) 41．The bookshop is the library and the classroom. 42．The hotel is the hospital. It’s very close. (beside同义) 43．Turn , and you’ll see the post office. 44．The tree is Mr. Li’s house, there are no houses there. 45．Mr. Liu lives Mr. Lin and Mr. Wang. 46．Mr. Zhang’s house is Mr. Wang’s house. 47．The Jones live Mr. Zhang. 48．Go the river, you can see a zoo. 49．A big playground is our classroom building. 50．Don’t stand the door, others can’t come in. 【答案】 31．across 32．on 33．in front of 34．behind 35．between 36．next to/beside 37．on the left 38．on the right 39．in front of 40．behind 41．between 42．next to 43．left 44．on the right of 45．between 46．on the left of 47．next to 48．across 49．in front of 50．behind 【详解】31．句意：走过这座桥，动物园就在那里。 固定短语walk across the bridge（步行穿过桥，across表示从物体表面横穿），应填across。 32．句意：过桥之后，动物园在你的右手边。 固定搭配on one’s right（在某人的右边），应填on。 33．句意：教学楼前面有一个大湖。 in front of表示在物体外部的前方，湖泊在教学楼外部的前面，应填in front of。 34．句意：小女孩站在木门后面，我们只能看到她半个身子。方位介词辨析behind表示在……的后方，符合只能看到半个身体的语境，应填behind。 35．句意：公园在学校和医院中间。 固定结构between A and B（在A和B两者之间），应填between。 36．句意：我家挨着购物中心，我们是邻居。 neighbors说明两家相邻，next to/beside都表示在……旁边、紧邻，应填next to/beside。 37．句意：银行在图书馆的左边。 中文提示“左边”，固定搭配on the left of（在……的左侧），应填on the left。 38．句意：餐馆在公园的右边。 中文提示“右边”，固定搭配on the right of（在……的右侧），应填on the right。 39．句意：高山前面有一座小村庄。 中文提示“山的前面”，村庄在高山外部的前方，用in front of。 40．句意：大山在小村庄的后面。 中文提示“村庄的后面”，behind表示在……后方，应填behind。 41．句意：书店在图书馆和教室中间。 between...and...表示在两者之间，符合两个地点中间的语境，应填between。 42．句意：宾馆在医院旁边，距离非常近。 beside同义短语为next to，意为紧邻、在……旁边，应填next to。 43．句意：向左转，你就会看到邮局。 固定搭配turn left是固定短语，意为向左转弯，应填left。 44．句意：树在李先生房子的右边，那里没有其他房子了。 on the right of表示在……的右侧，符合语境，应填on the right of。 45．句意：刘先生住在林先生和王先生中间。 between...and...用于两者之间，这里指两位男士的住所中间，应填between。 46．句意：张先生的家在王先生家的左边。 on the left of表示在……的左侧，用于两个居所的方位描述，应填on the left of。 47．句意：琼斯一家住在张先生隔壁。 live next to sb.表示住在某人的隔壁、紧邻某人，符合邻里语境，应填next to。 48．句意：横穿这条河，你就能看到一家动物园。 go across the river表示从河面横穿过去，across侧重从物体表面穿过，应填across。 49．句意：我们教学楼前面有一个大操场。 操场在教学楼外部的前方，用in front of。 50．句意：不要站在门后面，其他人进不来。 behind the door表示在门的后方，会挡住其他人进门，符合语境，应填behind。 能力提升 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Last weekend, I went to Huangguoshu Waterfall in Guizhou with my parents. The weather was sunny and the air was fresh. We got up early because we wanted to enjoy the nice waterfall. Also we prepared three 1 of water for the trip because it took a long time to walk. On the way, we saw many colorful flowers and they made us feel 2 . When we got there, my father asked me to walk beside him. And I could 3 around freely. I followed 4 parents all the way. I 5 run near the waterfall to stay safe. Suddenly I heard someone shouting, “Look 6 . There is a beautiful rainbow above the waterfall.” Wow! It was so amazing to see the lucky rainbow. And mom asked, “Dear son, can you see the people over there? 7 are they doing?” I ran quickly to find out and said, “Mom and Dad. Come and see! They 8 pictures of the rainbow over the waterfall.” Later, we had 9 good rest under a tall tree. “Would you like to eat beef 10 fish for dinner?” Mom asked us. Finally we had Guizhou Sour Soup Fish (酸汤鱼). It was really a day to remember. 1．A．bottle B．bottles C．bottles’ 2．A．happy B．unhappy C．happily 3．A．/lʊk/ B．/lʊks/ C．/lʊkt/ 4．A．I B．me C．my 5．A．don’t B．didn’t C．wasn’t 6．A．up B．down C．over 7．A．Why B．What C．Where 8．A．take B．took C．are taking 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．and B．so C．or 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者上周和父母去贵州黄果树瀑布游玩的经历，包括沿途见闻、安全注意事项、看到彩虹及晚餐选择等美好回忆。 【详解】1．句意：我们为这次出行准备了三瓶水，因为走路要花费很长时间。 数词three后接可数名词复数，bottle是单数形式，不能和three连用；bottles’是名词所有格，用于修饰名词，此处无后续名词，不符合句子结构。 2．句意：在路上，我们看见了许多五颜六色的花朵，它们让我们感到开心。 feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，根据前文“many colorful flowers”的美好语境，应选用happy，表示“开心的”；unhappy“不开心”，和鲜花带来愉悦的语境冲突；happily是副词，系动词后不能使用副词，均排除。 3．句意：而且我可以自由地四处张望。 音标/lʊk/对应单词look，/lʊks/是第三人称单数形式looks，/lʊkt/是动词过去式looked，look around是固定短语，表示四处张望，情态动词could后必须接动词原形。 4．句意：我一路上都跟在我的父母身后。 此处修饰名词parents，应填形容词性物主代词，选用my，表示“我的”。I是主格人称代词，只能作句子主语；me是宾格人称代词，只能作宾语，二者都无法修饰名词。 5．句意：为了保证安全，我没有在瀑布边奔跑。 全文时态为一般过去时，空后是动词原形run，需用助动词didn’t构成过去式否定；don’t是一般现在时否定，和全文过去时态不统一；wasn’t后只能接名词、形容词或现在分词，不能搭配动词原形run。 6．句意：突然我听见有人大喊：“向上看，瀑布上方有一道漂亮的彩虹。” 根据后文“above the waterfall”的线索，可知是让大家向上看；look up表示“向上看”，符合语境；look down“向下看”，和彩虹在高处的场景矛盾；look over“检查、俯视”，不符合抬头看彩虹的语境。 7．句意：他们正在做什么？ 根据“doing”可知，句子询问正在进行的动作内容，询问行为用What；Why用于询问原因，Where用于询问地点，均不符。 8．句意：他们正在拍彩虹的照片。 根据直接引语中“Come and see”可知，描述此刻正在发生的动作，需用现在进行时are taking；take是动词原形，无法体现正在进行；took是一般过去式，和现场对话语境不匹配。 9．句意：后来，我们在一棵大树下好好休息了一下。 good以辅音音素开头，应选用不定冠词a，have a good rest表示“好好休息”；an用于元音音素开头单词前；the是定冠词，表特指，均不符。 10．句意：晚餐你想吃牛肉还是鱼？ 本句是疑问句，应使用or，表示beef和fish两种食物进行二选一；and用于陈述句连接并列事物；so表因果关系，和选择食物的逻辑无关。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Fan Kuan was a famous painter of the Song Dynasty. He made many good 11 (painting). Young artists wanted Fan to teach them. “You must learn from a 12 (great) teacher than me. He lives all around you. 13 (he) name is Nature,” Fan said. Fan Kuan believed that if you wanted to understand nature, you had to touch it, smell it, and listen to it. He lived in the mountains and 14 (watch) the seasons change. One morning, Fan met 15 old farmer on a mountain path. The farmer was scared at first, 16 he relaxed after knowing Fan was not a danger. Then, Fan Kuan 17 (invite) by the farmer to his home for a meal. In return, he painted a picture for the farmer. Everything 18 the painting looked so real that the farmer was shocked. As Fan was leaving, the farmer asked 19 he lived. “Mountains or forests, east or west, all can be my home,” Fan answered 20 (quiet). The farmer thought Fan was strange. Fan just smiled and said, “I have lived in nature for many years.” 【答案】 11．paintings 12．greater 13．His 14．watched 15．an 16．but 17．was invited 18．in 19．where 20．quietly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了宋代著名画家范宽的故事，他认为大自然是最好的老师，并长期生活在山林中观察自然，从而创作出逼真的画作。 【详解】11．句意：他创作了许多优秀的画作。该处需一个可数名词复数，在句中作宾语；空前单词many提示语义与 “多个画作” 相关；many后必须搭配可数名词复数形式，painting的复数形式是paintings。 12．句意：你们必须向一位比我更厉害的老师学习。该处需一个形容词比较级，在句中作定语；句中连词than提示语义存在两者比较的含义；有比较标志词than时，形容词great需要变为比较级greater。 13．句意：他的名字是大自然。该处需一个形容词性物主代词，在句中作定语；前文提到这位特殊的老师，提示语义与 “他的” 相关；空格后有名词name，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，he对应的形容词性物主代词为His，位于句首首字母大写，故填His。 14．句意：他住在山里，观察四季更迭。该处需一个动词过去式，在句中作并列谓语；整篇文章讲述范宽过往生平，整体时态为一般过去时；and连接并列谓语，前面动词lived为过去式，watch也要变为过去式watched。 15．句意：一天早上，范宽在山间小路上遇见一位老农。该处需一个不定冠词，在句中作名词限定词；后面单数名词farmer提示语义为 “一位农夫”；old是以元音音素开头的单词，单数可数名词前要用不定冠词an。 16．句意：农夫一开始很害怕，但知晓范宽并无恶意之后就放松下来了。该处需一个并列连词，在句中连接前后两个分句；前半句scared (害怕)、后半句relaxed (放松)，提示语义存在转折关系；前后分句表转折逻辑，需要使用转折连词but。 17．句意：之后农夫邀请范宽到他家吃饭。该处需一般过去时的被动语态结构，在句中作谓语；主语Fan Kuan是动作的承受者，提示语义为 “被邀请”；文章时态为一般过去时，主语为单数，被动语态结构为was+动词过去分词，invite过去分词为invited。 18．句意：画里的所有事物看上去十分逼真，让农夫大为震惊。该处需一个介词，在句中构成介词短语作后置定语；后面the painting提示语义与 “画作内部” 相关；固定搭配in the painting表示 “在画作之中”。 19．句意：范宽准备离开时，农夫询问他住在哪里。该处需一个连接副词，在句中引导宾语从句；后文回答内容均为地点，提示语义是询问住址；宾语从句缺少地点引导词，表示在哪里用where。 20．句意：“山或森林，东或西，皆可为我家乡。”范宽平静地回答道。该处需一个副词，在句中作方式状语；用来修饰说话的状态，提示语义与 “平静地” 相关；修饰动词answered必须使用副词，quiet的副词形式为 quietly。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词，使短文通顺、意思完整。 Section B shows us different club posters 21 emails to apply for clubs. The book club lets people read and act 22 stories. The nature club members go hiking, watch birds and take photos outdoors. The cooking club teaches students 23 cook tasty Chinese dishes like jiaozi and mapo tofu. Every poster tells us the club activities, meeting time, place 24 contact emails. Xu Cong writes an email 25 Bill to join the book club. He loves reading very much but can’t find good books alone. He hopes 26 share ideas with other book lovers in the club. We choose one club we like 27 write a short email to the organizer. We talk about our hobbies and the things we 28 do well. Joining school clubs lets us find our talents and interests, 29 our hobbies make us special and interesting 30 school life. 【答案】 21．and 22．out 23．to 24．and 25．to 26．to 27．and 28．can 29．because 30．in 【导语】本文通过介绍教材Section B里各类社团海报与社团申请邮件相关内容，讲解不同社团活动、申请邮件写作要点，点明参加校园社团对丰富校园生活的意义。 【详解】21．句意：Section B向我们展示不同的社团海报以及用于申请社团的邮件。空格前后“club posters”与“emails”为并列名词，并列同类事物用并列连词and。 22．句意：读书俱乐部让人们阅读并表演故事。固定搭配“act out”表示“表演（故事、剧本）”，为固定短语搭配。 23．句意：烹饪俱乐部教学生做美味的中国菜，例如饺子和麻婆豆腐。固定搭配“teach sb. to do sth.”表示“教某人做某事”，to后接动词原形作宾语补足语。 24．句意：每张海报都向我们说明社团活动、集会时间、地点以及联系邮箱。空格前后“meeting time, place”与“contact emails”为并列信息，并列列举事物用并列连词and。 25．句意：徐聪给比尔写邮件想要加入读书俱乐部。固定搭配“write an email to sb.”表示“给某人写邮件”，介词to表动作接收对象。 26．句意：他希望和俱乐部里其他读书爱好者交流想法。固定搭配“hope to do sth.”表示“希望做某事”，to后接动词原形作宾语。 27．句意：我们挑选一个自己喜欢的社团，然后给组织者写一封简短邮件。“choose one club we like”与“write a short email”是顺承并列动作，连接并列谓语用并列连词and。 28．句意：我们谈论自己的爱好以及自己擅长做的事。此处表达自身具备、能够完成的事，情态动词can体现个人能力，后接动词原形do。 29．句意：参加校园社团能让我们发掘自身天赋与兴趣，因为爱好让我们在校生活里变得独特有趣。前后分句存在因果逻辑，后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because。 30．句意：参加校园社团能让我们发掘自身天赋与兴趣，因为爱好让我们在校生活里变得独特有趣。固定搭配“in school life”表示“在校生活中”，介词in用于限定生活场景范围。 三、选词填空 根据句意填入across 或through One day, Little Peter goes to see his grandma. First, he needs to go 31 the river, but there are no boats. He looks around and finds a bridge. He walks 32 the bridge and goes into the forest. He runs 33 the forest because he is a little scared. When he gets there, he runs 34 the door and hugs his grandma. He gives her a scarf and he says it is popular 35 the whole country. 【答案】31．across 32．across 33．through 34．through 35．across 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小彼得去看望奶奶的过程。 【详解】31．句意：首先，他需要过河，但是没有船。根据“the river”可知，此处表达的是过河，go across“穿过，横过”，强调从一定范围的一边至另一边，故填across。 32．句意：他步行穿过桥然后走进森林。根据“the bridge”可知，此处指穿过桥，walk across“步行穿过”，强调从一定范围的一边至另一边，与第一空一样，故填across。 33．句意：他跑着穿过森林，因为他有点儿害怕。根据“the forest”以及“because he is a little scared”可知，此处指从森林内部穿过，run through“跑着穿过”，强调从物体内部穿过，故填through。 34．句意：当他到达那里时，他跑着穿过门，拥抱了他的祖母。根据“the door”可知，此处指从门内部穿过，go through“穿过”，强调从物体内部穿过，故填through。 35．句意：他给了她一条围巾，他说它在全国都很流行。根据“the whole country”可知，此处指在全国流行，be popular across“在……流行”，强调在某个范围流行，故填across。 选用方框中的介词或介词短语填空 (每个限用一次) in front of  behind  next to  between  across from  on  under 36．The library is the classroom building. 37．The bookcases are the window. 38．There is a teacher’s building the school hall. 39．There is a student centre the library and the gym. 40．There are some trees the sports field. 41．There’s a screen the wall. 42．The teacher’s desk is a window. 【答案】36．behind 37．next to 38．across from 39．between 40．in front of 41．on 42．under 【详解】36．句意：图书馆在教学楼后面。此处需要一个方位介词，在句中表示“在建筑物的后方”。句子描述两栋建筑的前后空间关系，选用behind“在……后面”。 37．句意：书柜紧挨着窗户。此处需要一个介词短语，在句中表示“紧邻、在……旁边”。结合教室场景，书柜常摆放于窗边，选用next to。 38．句意：礼堂对面有一栋教师办公楼。此处需要一个介词短语，在句中表示“在……的对面”。句子描述两栋建筑两两相对的位置，选用across from。 39．句意：学生活动中心位于图书馆和体育馆两者中间。此处需要一个方位介词，在句中表示“在两者之间”，选用between。 40．句意：运动场前面有一些树。此处需要一个介词短语，在句中表示“在场地外部的前方”，选用in front of。 41．句意：墙上有一块显示屏。此处需要一个方位介词，在句中表示“附着在物体表面”，选用on。 42．句意：讲台在一扇窗户下方。此处需要一个方位介词，表示“在窗户正下方”，选用under。 选用方框中的短语填空（每个限用一次） | walk up | turn left onto | opposite | go straight | past | 43．— Excuse me. How can I get to the post office?   — Kingswell Street and Green Road. 44．— Is the post office on Green Road?   — Yes. It’s the cinema. 45．— Where is the police station?   — Walk along Eaton Road, the bookshop and the hospital. 46．— Do I need to turn right?   — No, just for two blocks. 【答案】43． Walk up turn left onto 44．opposite 45．past 46．go straight 【详解】43．句意：——打扰一下，我怎么能到邮局？——沿着金斯韦尔街走，然后左转进入格林路。根据问路指路的语境，此处需要表达走上、沿着某条路前行的短语，备选词walk up符合该语境，且句首单词首字母需大写。第二空，需要表达转向进入另一条道路的短语，备选词turn left onto符合指路的语境。 44．句意：——邮局在格林路上吗？——是的，它在电影院对面。根据对话询问邮局具体位置的语境，此处需要描述邮局相对于电影院的方位，备选词opposite表示“在……对面”，符合描述地点位置的语境。 45．句意：——警察局在哪里？——沿着伊顿路走，经过书店和医院。指路语境中，此处需要表达路线会经过某地的短语，备选词past表示“经过”，符合语境。 46．句意：——我需要右转吗？——不，只需要直走两个街区。根据“不需要右转”的回答语境，此处需要表达直走的短语，备选词go straight表示“直走”，符合语境。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $