摘要:
**基本信息**
本单元卷聚焦初中英语Unit 5 Buildings核心语法——一般过去时的被动语态,通过单项选择、单词拼写、完成句子三种题型,结合历史文化、科技社会等真实情境,适配单元复习,强化语法应用能力。
**题型特征**
|题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|单项选择|20/40|一般过去时被动语态在历史事件(泰姬陵建造)、科技发明(手机发明)中的应用|情境时代性,涵盖文化传承(金属硬币)、社会热点(世乒赛)|
|单词拼写|10/20|被动语态动词过去分词(invent→was invented)|基础巩固,聚焦动词形态转换|
|完成句子|10/40|结合真实人物(屠呦呦获奖)、文化遗产(世界遗产名录)的被动结构表达|能力提升,体现语言能力与文化意识融合|
内容正文:
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
Unit 5 Buildings
一般过去时的被动语态
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025.
A.holds B.is held C.was held D.will be held
【答案】C
【详解】句意:第十二届世界运动会于2025年8月在成都举行。
主语“The 12th World Games”与动词hold之间是被动关系,且时间状语“in August, 2025”为过去时间,应用一般过去时被动语态was held。
2.The Taj Mahal ________ by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife.
A.built B.was built C.is built D.will be built
【答案】B
【详解】句意:泰姬陵是由沙贾汗皇帝为了纪念他的妻子而建造的。
主语The Taj Mahal与动词build之间是被动关系,需用被动语态;且泰姬陵建造于过去,属于历史事实,应用一般过去时,应填was built。
3.The earliest metal coins were gold coins from Lydia, which ________ used around 600 BCE.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案】B
【详解】句意:最早的金属硬币是来自吕底亚的金币,大约在公元前600年被使用。
根据时间状语“around 600 BCE”可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时;coins与use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语coins是复数,be动词用were,应填were。
4.The old cinema in our town ________ into a new library last month. Now we can read books there.
A.is turned B.was turned C.turns D.turned
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们镇上的旧电影院上个月被改成了一座新图书馆。现在我们可以在那里读书了。
根据时间状语“last month”可知句子时态为一般过去时,排除表示现在时的 A、C 选项;主语“The old cinema”与动词“turn”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be + 过去分词),排除主动语态的D选项。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。应填was turned。
5.—Lily ________ a chance to work as a community volunteer.
—She did very well and organized many fun activities for the old.
A.offered B.was offered C.offers D.will be offered
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——莉莉被提供了一个当社区志愿者的机会。——她做得很好,为老人们组织了许多有趣的活动。
根据答语中的“did”和“organized”可知动作发生在过去,主语Lily与动词offer之间是被动关系(被提供机会),需用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was offered。
6.Guess what? Three lucky mice ________ to the space on Oct. 31st, 2023.
A.were brought B.brought C.are brought D.were bringing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:猜怎么着?三只幸运的老鼠于2023年10月31日被带到了太空。
根据时间状语“on Oct. 31st, 2023”可知动作发生在过去,时态为一般过去时;主语“Three lucky mice”与动词“bring”构成被动关系,应用被动语态“be + done”结构。主语是复数,be动词用were。所以选A。
7.To carry out the task, a group of 369 foresters ________ in the 1960s.
A.organized B.was organized C.organizes D.is organized
【答案】B
【详解】句意:为了执行这项任务,在20世纪60年代组织了一个由369名林业工人组成的团队。
根据句中的时间状语“in the 1960s(在20世纪60年代)”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时,排除C和D;主语“a group of 369 foresters”的中心词是“a group”,谓语动词需用单数形式,且主语与动词organize(组织)之间是被动关系,应使用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were + 过去分词),应填was organized。
8.—Was the doctor successful in saving the patient?
—Yes. The patient ________, and now he is out of danger.
A.was operated B.operated C.operated on D.was operated on
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——医生成功救治病人了吗?——是的。病人接受了手术,现在他已经脱离危险了。
主语The patient是动作operate的承受者,需用被动语态be done结构;operate表示“做手术”时是不及物动词,短语为operate on sb,变为被动语态时介词on不能省略。
9.The Spring Bud Project ________ in 1989 to provide better educational chances for girls from poor families.
A.founds B.is founded C.founded D.was founded
【答案】D
【详解】句意:春蕾计划于1989年成立,旨在为贫困家庭的女孩提供更好的教育机会。
根据时间状语“in 1989”可知动作发生在过去,且主语“The Spring Bud Project”与动词“found”之间是被动关系,因此需用一般过去时的被动语态was founded。
10.—Have you read the letter from your grandma, Cindy?
—Yes. I ________ by her love and care.
A.touched B.was touching C.was touched D.have touched
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——辛迪,你读过你奶奶的信了吗?——是的。我被她的爱和关怀感动了。
主语“I”与touch之间为被动关系,且动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时被动语态was touched。
11.—On May 14, China’s new big Zhuque rocket flew into space successfully.
—Such wonderful news ________ at once and cheered me up!
A.is reported B.was reported C.will be reported
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——5月14日,中国新的大型朱雀火箭成功飞向太空。——如此好的消息立刻被报道出来,让我的心情一下子变得愉快起来!
主语“news”与动词“report”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据后半句谓语“cheered”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,因此该句是一般过去时的被动语态,填was reported。
12.The little boy was noticed ________ the calligraphy works on the wall carefully.
A.look at B.to look at C.looking at D.looked at
【答案】B
【详解】句意:有人注意到这个小男孩仔细看墙上的书法作品。
感官动词notice(注意到)在主动语态中,后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,结构为notice sb do sth.,当句子变为被动语态时,需要还原省略的不定式符号to,结构为sb be noticed to do sth.。
13.Since 3D printing ________ in the medical area, making a hearing aid has become faster.
A.used B.will be used C.was used D.has used
【答案】C
【详解】句意:自从3D打印在医疗领域被使用以来,制造助听器变得更快了。
根据题干主语“3D printing”与use之间是被动关系,且“since”引导时间状语从句,主句是现在完成时,从句应用一般过去时,表示过去的动作,空格应用一般过去时的被动语态,应填was used。
14.The mobile phone ________ by Martin Cooper in 1973.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.will be invented
【答案】C
【详解】句意:移动电话是马丁·库珀在1973年被发明的。
主语“The mobile phone”与“invent”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态be done,根据时间状语“in 1973”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态was invented。
15.Because of the strong wind, people in the seaside town ________ to stay indoors yesterday.
A.warned B.have warned C.are warned D.were warned
【答案】D
【详解】句意:因为强风,海边小镇的人们昨天被警告待在室内。
根据时间状语yesterday可知句子时态为一般过去时;主语people与warn之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,应填were warned。
16.A lot of money ________ from the very beginning. I’m sure this project will be a big success.
A.made B.is making C.was made D.makes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:从一开始就赚了很多钱。我相信这个项目会取得巨大成功。
made赚(过去式);is making正在赚(现在进行时);was made被赚(一般过去时的被动语态);makes赚(第三人称单数)。主语“A lot of money”是物,与动词“make”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,且动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。
17.—What did you do on the past May Day?
—I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident.
A.were trapped B.are trapping C.were trapping D.are trapped
【答案】A
【详解】
句意:——过去的五一劳动节你做了什么?——我本计划出去,但我们因为一场交通事故在路上被困住了。根据问句中的“the past May Day”可知动作发生在过去,应用过去时;主语“we”与“trap”之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,应填were trapped。
18.The China Children and Teenagers’ Fund (CCTF) ________ in 1981.
A.started B.has started C.was started D.was starting
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国儿童少年基金会(CCTF)是在1981年成立的。
根据时间状语“in 1981”可知,句子应用一般过去时;主语“The China Children and Teenagers’ Fund”与动词“start”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词,主语“The China Children and Teenagers’ Fund”为单数,be动词用was。
19.Li Ming is excellent and helpful in our class, so he ________ as a Triple-A Student (三好学生)last week.
A.have been chosen B.was chosen C.will be chosen D.is chosen
【答案】B
【详解】句意:李明在我们班表现优秀且乐于助人,所以上周他被选为三好学生。
根据时间状语“last week”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时;主语he与动词choose之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be+done)。主语 he是第三人称单数,be动词用was。
20.The old hospital ________ by the volunteers last month.
A.was painted B.painted C.is painted D.paints
【答案】A
【详解】句意:上个月这家旧医院被志愿者们粉刷了。
根据时间状语last month,应用一般过去时;主语The old hospital与paint之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,应填was painted。
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.He was knocked to the ground and ________ (rob) of his wallet.
【答案】robbed
【详解】句意:他被推倒在地,钱包也遭人抢走。句子使用了一般过去时,and连接两个并列的动作,前面是“was knocked”,后面也应该用一般过去时的被动语态,rob的过去分词是robbed。固定搭配rob sb. of sth.表示“抢劫某人某物”,这里用了被动语态sb. be robbed of sth.。所以填robbed。
22.The compass __________ (invent) in China a long time ago.
【答案】was invented
【详解】句意:指南针很久以前在中国被发明。主语“指南针”与“发明”之间为被动关系,时间状语“a long time ago”表示过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为单数,故填was invented。
23.The first known paper money ________ (call) jiaozi in ancient China.
【答案】was called
【详解】句意:已知最早的纸币在古代中国被称作交子。该处需句子谓语;主语“paper money(纸币)”和“call”是被动关系,意为“被称作”;“in ancient China”是古代,时态用一般过去时,“paper money”为不可数名词单数,be动词用was,call变过去分词called,故填was called。
24.Shells ________ (use) about 3,000 years ago in some East Asian countries.
【答案】were used
【详解】句意:大约三千年前,一些东亚国家使用贝壳。句中“about 3,000 years ago”为过去的时间状语,提示动作发生在过去;主语Shells和动词use之间是被动关系,表示“贝壳被使用”,应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语Shells是复数,be动词用were,use的过去分词为used,故填were used。
25.The door was ________ (lock). Nobody could open it without the right key.
【答案】locked
【详解】句意:门锁了。没有正确的钥匙没有人可以打开它。door与lock之间是动宾关系,门是被锁上的,此处需要用被动语态,即be locked“被锁住”,故填locked。
26.Some objects in the museum ________ (take) from other countries during the colonial period.
【答案】were taken
【详解】句意:博物馆里的一些物品是殖民时期从其他国家掠夺来的。主语Some objects和动词take之间是被动关系,表示物品“被带走”,需用被动语态,即“be+过去分词”的结构;根据“during the colonial period”可知,句子时态用一般过去时;主语是复数,be动词用were,take的过去分词为taken。故填were taken。
27.In 2015, Tu Youyou ________ (award) the Nobel Prize.
【答案】was awarded
【详解】句意:2015年,屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖。时间状语“In 2015”为过去时间,主语“Tu Youyou”与“award”之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,故填was awarded。
28.The first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica ________ (publish) in 1768.
【答案】was published
【详解】句意:《大英百科全书》的第一版于1768年出版。时间状语“in 1768”表明句子为一般过去时;主语“The first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica”和动词“publish”是被动关系,需使用被动语态;主语为单数,一般过去时被动语态结构为was+动词过去分词,publish的过去分词是published。
29.Her wonderful performance __________ (praise) by many people.
【答案】was praised
【详解】句意:她的精彩表演受到了许多人的赞扬。根据“Her wonderful performance...by many people.”可知,表演被赞扬,用被动语态,结合语境可知,时态是一般过去时,主语是单数,be动词用was,praise的过去分词是praised。
30.The song Imagine ________ (sing) at the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympics.
【答案】was sung
【详解】句意:歌曲《想象》在巴黎奥运会开幕式上被演唱。根据句意描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。主语The song Imagine与sing之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was,sing的过去分词是sung。
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.在其父亲被诊断出肺癌后,他决定戒烟。
He decided to give up smoking after his father ________ ________ ________ lung cancer.
【答案】 was diagnosed with
【详解】根据句意可知,本句的关键词是“被诊断出……”,常用固定搭配be diagnosed with,根据前面的“decided”可知句子时态为一般过去时,主语“his father”是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,故填was;diagnosed;with。
32.他在2015年被诊断出患有癌症,但如今他已成为家喻户晓的人物,激励着数以百万计的人。
He ________ cancer in 2015, but today he ________, ________.
【答案】 was diagnosed with has become a household name inspiring millions of people
【详解】第一空关键词“被诊断出患有……”,对应含有被动语态的短语be diagnosed with,时间状语“in 2015”提示使用一般过去时,主语“He”是第三人称单数,be动词选用was;第二空关键词“已成为家喻户晓的人物”提示使用现在完成时,结构为have/has +过去分词,主语是“he”,助动词选用has,“成为”的过去分词形式是become,“家喻户晓的人物”对应短语a household name;第三空关键词“激励着数以百万计的人”,作伴随状语,逻辑主语“he”和“激励”是主动关系,使用现在分词形式inspiring,“数以百万计的人”对应millions of people。
33.她厌倦了因为肤色而被使唤和屈服。
She was tired of being ________ ________ and giving in because of the colour of her skin.
【答案】 ordered around
【详解】原文中“被使唤”是关键词。中文“被使唤”对应的常用英语短语是 “order sb. around”(对某人发号施令/使唤某人)。空格位于介词of之后,且表示被动含义(被使唤),因此需要使用被动形式的动名词结构,即“being + 过去分词”。动词 order的过去分词为ordered,与 around 搭配构成短语。故填ordered;around。
34.屠呦呦因她的成就于2015年被授予诺贝尔奖。
Tu Youyou ________ ________ the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her achievements.
【答案】 was awarded
【详解】本句缺少关键词“被授予”。中文“被授予”表明主语是动作的承受者,需使用被动语态,结构为be + 过去分词。时间状语in 2015表明动作发生在过去,需使用一般过去时。主语Tu Youyou是第三人称单数,因此be动词选用was。“授予”的英文动词是award,其过去分词为awarded。故填was awarded。
35.消息传得很快,他的故事被众人知晓了。
Words spread fast, and his story ________ ________.
【答案】
became
known
【详解】原句中“被众人知晓”是关键词,“变得被知晓”对应的英文为become known;前半句动词“spread”为过去式。本句时态为一般过去时,故become应变为became。
36.它于2017年被列入世界遗产名录。
It ________ the World ________ List in 2017.
【答案】 entered Heritage
【详解】句意:它于2017年被列入世界遗产名录。原句中“世界遗产名录”是关键词,对应的固定专有短语是World Heritage List,表达“列入、入选”用动词enter。本句时间状语in 2017表明动作发生在过去,要用一般过去时,enter需变为过去式entered。
37.它在当时被视作太过简单、普通。
It ________ ________ as too simple and common at that time.
【答案】 was seen
【详解】原句中“被视作”是关键词,“被视作”的英文表达是be seen as,根据“at that time”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语it单数,一般过去时用was seen。
38.在 2026 年伦敦世乒赛团体赛上,日本队以 0:3 比分被中国队击败。
Team Japan ________ ________ 3-0 by China at the 2026 ITTF World Team Table Tennis Championship Finals in London.
【答案】 was defeated
【详解】原句中“被……击败”是关键词,用“be+defeated”表示;主语 Japan是单数,2026年伦敦世乒赛已经过去,用一般过去时,be动词用was。故填was;defeated。
39.这台旧机器过去被用来加工小麦(wheat)。
This old machine ________ ________ ________ process wheat.
【答案】 was used to
【详解】原句中“过去被用来加工”是关键词,对应的英文表达是“used to”。“过去被用来”是被动语态,结构为“was/were + used to + 动词原形”。主语“this old machine”是单数,故用“was used to”。
40.很多人告诉她不要放弃。最终她做到了!
She ________ ________ by many people ________ ________ give up. And finally she made it!
【详解】中文原句主语是“很多人”,而英文句子主语是“She”,动作的承受者变成了主语,因此需要使用被动语态(be told)。后一句“And finally she made it!”中使用了一般过去时(made),根据时态一致原则,前句也应使用一般过去时,故be动词选用was。固定搭配:“告诉某人不要做某事”的主动结构是tell sb. not to do sth.,变为被动结构后为sb. be told not to do sth.。故填was;told;not;to。
试卷第1页,共3页
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学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
Unit 5 Buildings
一般过去时的被动语态
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu in August, 2025.
A.holds B.is held C.was held D.will be held
2.The Taj Mahal ________ by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife.
A.built B.was built C.is built D.will be built
3.The earliest metal coins were gold coins from Lydia, which ________ used around 600 BCE.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
4.The old cinema in our town ________ into a new library last month. Now we can read books there.
A.is turned B.was turned C.turns D.turned
5.—Lily ________ a chance to work as a community volunteer.
—She did very well and organized many fun activities for the old.
A.offered B.was offered C.offers D.will be offered
6.Guess what? Three lucky mice ________ to the space on Oct. 31st, 2023.
A.were brought B.brought C.are brought D.were bringing
7.To carry out the task, a group of 369 foresters ________ in the 1960s.
A.organized B.was organized C.organizes D.is organized
8.—Was the doctor successful in saving the patient?
—Yes. The patient ________, and now he is out of danger.
A.was operated B.operated C.operated on D.was operated on
9.The Spring Bud Project ________ in 1989 to provide better educational chances for girls from poor families.
A.founds B.is founded C.founded D.was founded
10.—Have you read the letter from your grandma, Cindy?
—Yes. I ________ by her love and care.
A.touched B.was touching C.was touched D.have touched
11.—On May 14, China’s new big Zhuque rocket flew into space successfully.
—Such wonderful news ________ at once and cheered me up!
A.is reported B.was reported C.will be reported
12.The little boy was noticed ________ the calligraphy works on the wall carefully.
A.look at B.to look at C.looking at D.looked at
13.Since 3D printing ________ in the medical area, making a hearing aid has become faster.
A.used B.will be used C.was used D.has used
14.The mobile phone ________ by Martin Cooper in 1973.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.will be invented
15.Because of the strong wind, people in the seaside town ________ to stay indoors yesterday.
A.warned B.have warned C.are warned D.were warned
16.A lot of money ________ from the very beginning. I’m sure this project will be a big success.
A.made B.is making C.was made D.makes
17.—What did you do on the past May Day?
—I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident.
A.were trapped B.are trapping C.were trapping D.are trapped
18.The China Children and Teenagers’ Fund (CCTF) ________ in 1981.
A.started B.has started C.was started D.was starting
19.Li Ming is excellent and helpful in our class, so he ________ as a Triple-A Student (三好学生)last week.
A.have been chosen B.was chosen C.will be chosen D.is chosen
20.The old hospital ________ by the volunteers last month.
A.was painted B.painted C.is painted D.paints
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.He was knocked to the ground and ________ (rob) of his wallet.
22.The compass __________ (invent) in China a long time ago.
23.The first known paper money ________ (call) jiaozi in ancient China.
24.Shells ________ (use) about 3,000 years ago in some East Asian countries.
25.The door was ________ (lock). Nobody could open it without the right key.
26.Some objects in the museum ________ (take) from other countries during the colonial period.
27.In 2015, Tu Youyou ________ (award) the Nobel Prize.
28.The first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica ________ (publish) in 1768.
29.Her wonderful performance __________ (praise) by many people.
30.The song Imagine ________ (sing) at the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympics.
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.在其父亲被诊断出肺癌后,他决定戒烟。
He decided to give up smoking after his father ________ ________ ________ lung cancer.
32.他在2015年被诊断出患有癌症,但如今他已成为家喻户晓的人物,激励着数以百万计的人。
He ________ cancer in 2015, but today he ________, ________.
33.她厌倦了因为肤色而被使唤和屈服。
She was tired of being ________ ________ and giving in because of the colour of her skin.
34.屠呦呦因她的成就于2015年被授予诺贝尔奖。
Tu Youyou ________ ________ the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her achievements.
35.消息传得很快,他的故事被众人知晓了。
Words spread fast, and his story ________ ________.
36.它于2017年被列入世界遗产名录。
It ________ the World ________ List in 2017.
37.它在当时被视作太过简单、普通。
It ________ ________ as too simple and common at that time.
38.在 2026 年伦敦世乒赛团体赛上,日本队以 0:3 比分被中国队击败。
Team Japan ________ ________ 3-0 by China at the 2026 ITTF World Team Table Tennis Championship Finals in London.
39.这台旧机器过去被用来加工小麦(wheat)。
This old machine ________ ________ ________ process wheat.
40.很多人告诉她不要放弃。最终她做到了!
She ________ ________ by many people ________ ________ give up. And finally she made it!
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