Unit2知识点-Reading Plus讲义2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦九年级Unit 2“爱德华·詹纳与天花疫苗”核心主题，系统梳理从天花的历史危害、詹纳的成长经历，到发现挤奶女工现象、实验验证牛痘作用，再到疫苗发明及影响的知识脉络，通过词汇注释、例句解析与填空练习构建分层学习支架。 资料以“语言能力+思维品质”为设计核心，高频短语中英互译强化语言理解与表达，综合练习中排序题梳理生平培养逻辑思维，判断题与问答促进分析推断，搭配完整答案便于课后自查，既辅助课堂教学高效推进，又助力学生查漏补缺提升学习能力。

九年级英语上册Unit2知识点-Reading Plus讲义 【课文要点】 1. Smallpox used to be one of the worst global diseases. It killed millions of people in history. 天花曾经是最严重的全球性疾病之一。它在历史上夺走了数百万人的生命。 - smallpox n. 天花 - global adj. 全球的 - disease n. 疾病 - e.g. Smallpox used to be one of the worst global ____________. 2. However, we do not hear much about it anymore. Why? Because it is no longer around in nature. 然而，我们不再经常听到它了。为什么？因为它已经从自然界消失了。 - anymore adv. 不再 - no longer 不再 - in nature 在自然界中 - e.g. It is ____________ longer around in nature. 3. This happened mainly because of the work of Edward Jenner (1749–1823), an English doctor and scientist. 这主要是因为英国医生和科学家爱德华·詹纳（1749-1823）的工作。 - mainly adv. 主要地 - because of 因为 - e.g. This happened mainly ____________ of the work of Edward Jenner. 4. Jenner did not have an easy childhood. His parents died when he was young, and his elder brother raised him. 詹纳的童年并不轻松。他年幼时父母就去世了，是他的哥哥抚养他长大。 - childhood n. 童年 - raise v. 抚养，养育 - e.g. His elder brother ____________ him. 5. It was difficult for him to do well in school, but he had a passion for nature. 他在学校表现并不出色，但他对自然有着强烈的热爱。 - passion n. 热情，热爱 - have a passion for 对……有热情 - e.g. He had a ____________ for nature. 6. At 13, he became an apprentice to a doctor for eight years. 13岁时，他成为了一名医生的学徒，为期八年。 - apprentice n. 学徒 - e.g. He became an ____________ to a doctor. 7. An apprentice is a young person who learns a job by working for someone else. 学徒是一个通过为他人工作来学习一项技能的年轻人。 - learn a job 学习一项技能 - work for 为……工作 - e.g. An apprentice is a young person who ____________ a job by working for someone else. 8. It was hard for doctors to be well-respected at that time because modern medicine had not fully developed. 当时医生很难受到尊重，因为现代医学尚未完全发展。 - well-respected adj. 备受尊敬的 - modern medicine 现代医学 - fully adv. 完全地 - develop v. 发展 - e.g. Modern medicine had not fully ____________. 9. When he was 21, he studied at a hospital in London. 21岁时，他在伦敦的一家医院学习。 - e.g. He studied at a ____________ in London. 10. After he finished his studies, Jenner went back to his home in the countryside because he liked it more. 完成学业后，詹纳回到了他在乡下的家，因为他更喜欢那里。 - finish one‘s studies 完成学业 - go back to 回到 - countryside n. 乡村 - e.g. After he ____________ his studies, he went back to the countryside. 11. There, he became a family doctor and people started to hear about his good work. 在那里，他成为了一名家庭医生，人们开始听说他的出色工作。 - family doctor 家庭医生 - e.g. He became a ____________ doctor. 12. In his free time, he continued to do research and study nature. 在空闲时间，他继续做研究和研究自然。 - free time 空闲时间 - continue to do 继续做某事 - research n. 研究 - e.g. He continued to do ____________ in his free time. 13. It was while working as a doctor that Jenner discovered that milkmaids—women who milk cows—rarely got smallpox. 正是在当医生的过程中，詹纳发现挤奶女工——挤牛奶的女性——很少得天花。 - milkmaid n. 挤奶女工 - rarely adv. 很少，罕见 - e.g. Milkmaids ____________ got smallpox. 14. They often got cowpox, a disease like smallpox, but these milkmaids did not get very sick and they did not die. 她们经常得牛痘，一种类似天花的疾病，但这些挤奶女工不会病得很重，也不会死亡。 - cowpox n. 牛痘 - get sick 生病 - e.g. They often got ____________. 15. He wondered: Does cowpox protect people from smallpox? 他想知道：牛痘能保护人们免受天花感染吗？ - wonder v. 想知道 - protect... from... 保护……免受…… - e.g. He ____________: Does cowpox protect people from smallpox? 16. He tried a test. He took some cowpox from a milkmaid and put it into a small cut on a young boy. 他尝试了一个实验。他从一位挤奶女工身上取了一些牛痘，并将其放入一个小男孩的伤口中。 - test n. 实验，测试 - cut n. 伤口 - e.g. He took some cowpox and put it into a small ____________ on a young boy. 17. The boy got cowpox and had a mild fever, but he did not get too sick. 男孩得了牛痘，轻微发烧，但并没有病得很重。 - mild adj. 轻微的 - fever n. 发烧 - e.g. The boy had a ____________ fever. 18. Later, he gave the boy smallpox. The boy did not get the smallpox! 后来，他让男孩接触天花病毒。这男孩并没有得天花！ - e.g. The boy did not get the ____________! 19. After many other tests, he realized that cowpox could actually be used to protect people from getting smallpox. 经过许多其他实验后，他意识到牛痘实际上可以用来保护人们免受天花感染。 - realize v. 意识到 - actually adv. 实际上 - e.g. He ____________ that cowpox could be used to protect people. 20. Jenner invented a new word to describe what he had created: “vaccine”. 詹纳发明了一个新词来描述他所创造的东西：“疫苗”。 - invent v. 发明 - describe v. 描述 - vaccine n. 疫苗 - e.g. Jenner ____________ a new word: “vaccine”. 21. The word comes from the Latin word for “cow”. 这个词来自拉丁语中“牛”这个词。 - Latin adj. 拉丁语的 - e.g. The word comes from the ____________ word for “cow”. 22. It was wonderful that, because of Jenner, people no longer die from it. 多亏了詹纳，人们不再死于天花，这真是太棒了。 - die from 死于 - e.g. People no longer ____________ from it. 23. His pioneering research has been used to create vaccines for other diseases. 他的开创性研究已被用于制造其他疾病的疫苗。 - pioneering adj. 开创性的 - create v. 创造，制造 - e.g. His pioneering research has been used to ____________ vaccines for other diseases. 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. global diseases __________ 2. __________ 全球性疾病 3. no longer __________ 4. __________ 不再 5. because of __________ 6. __________ 因为 7. have a passion for __________ 8. __________ 对……有热情 9. well-respected __________ 10. __________ 备受尊敬的 11. modern medicine __________ 12. __________ 现代医学 13. finish one‘s studies __________ 14. __________ 完成学业 15. go back to __________ 16. __________ 回到 17. free time __________ 18. __________ 空闲时间 19. protect... from... __________ 20. __________ 保护……免受…… 21. die from __________ 22. __________ 死于 23. get sick __________ 24. __________ 生病 【综合练习】 一、根据课文内容，将詹纳生平事件按正确顺序排列 A. born in England in 1749 B. became a family doctor C. developed a vaccine for smallpox D. became a doctor‘s apprentice E. went to London to study there F. moved back to the countryside 正确顺序：____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ____ 二、根据课文内容回答问题 1. What was Jenner interested in when he was young? ____________ 2. Why did Jenner go back to the countryside? ____________ 3. What did Jenner notice about milkmaids? ____________ 4. Where did the word “vaccine” come from? ____________ 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 天花曾经是最严重的全球性疾病之一。 Smallpox used to be one of the worst ________ diseases. 2. 它已经从自然界消失了。 It is ________ longer around in ________. 3. 他对自然有着强烈的热爱。 He had a ________ for nature. 4. 13岁时，他成为了一名医生的学徒。 At 13, he became an ________ to a doctor. 5. 现代医学尚未完全发展。 Modern medicine had not fully ________. 6. 完成学业后，他回到了乡下。 After he ________ his studies, he went back to the ________. 7. 挤奶女工很少得天花。 Milkmaids ________ got smallpox. 8. 她们经常得牛痘。 They often got ________. 9. 他意识到牛痘可以用来保护人们。 He ________ that cowpox could be used to ________ people. 10. 他的开创性研究已被用于制造其他疾病的疫苗。 His pioneering research has been used to ________ vaccines for other diseases. 四、单项选择 ( ) 1. Smallpox used to be one of the worst global ________. A. disease B. diseases C. diseased D. diseasing ( ) 2. It is no longer around ________ nature. A. to B. for C. with D. in ( ) 3. He had a passion ________ nature. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 4. At 13, he became an apprentice ________ a doctor. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 5. Modern medicine had not fully ________. A. develop B. develops C. developed D. developing ( ) 6. After he finished his studies, he went back ________ the countryside. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 7. Milkmaids ________ got smallpox. A. rare B. rarely C. rarefy D. rarity ( ) 8. They often got ________. A. cowpox B. smallpox C. chickenpox D. vaccine ( ) 9. He realized that cowpox could be used ________ protect people. A. to B. for C. with D. of ( ) 10. His research has been used to create vaccines ________ other diseases. A. to B. for C. with D. of 五、根据课文内容判断正误（T/F） ( ) 1. Smallpox is still a serious disease today. ( ) 2. Edward Jenner was an English doctor and scientist. ( ) 3. Jenner had a very easy childhood. ( ) 4. Jenner became an apprentice to a doctor at the age of 13. ( ) 5. Jenner studied at a hospital in London when he was 21. ( ) 6. Jenner discovered that milkmaids often got smallpox. ( ) 7. Cowpox is a disease that is very dangerous to humans. ( ) 8. The word “vaccine” comes from the Latin word for “cow”. ( ) 9. Jenner’s research has only been used for smallpox. ( ) 10. Jenner‘s work helped save millions of lives. 六、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Smallpox ________ (use) to be one of the worst diseases. 2. It is no ________ (long) around in nature. 3. He had a passion for ________ (nature). 4. At 13, he became an ________ (apprentice) to a doctor. 5. Modern medicine had not fully ________ (develop). 6. He ________ (study) at a hospital in London. 7. Milkmaids ________ (rare) got smallpox. 8. He ________ (realize) that cowpox could protect people. 9. He ________ (invent) a new word: “vaccine”. 10. His research has been ________ (use) to create vaccines. 七、根据课文内容填空 Edward Jenner was born in (1) ________. His parents died when he was young, and his (2) ________ brother raised him. He had a passion for (3) ________. At 13, he became an apprentice to a (4) ________. He studied at a (5) ________ in London when he was 21. After finishing his studies, he went back to the (6) ________. While working as a doctor, he noticed that (7) ________ rarely got smallpox. They often got (8) ________, a disease like smallpox, but they did not get very sick. He tested his idea and found that cowpox could protect people from smallpox. He invented a new word: (9) ________, which comes from the Latin word for “(10) ________”. 【答案】 一、 A → D → E → B → F → C 二、 1. He was interested in nature. 2. Because he liked the countryside more. 3. Milkmaids rarely got smallpox. They often got cowpox but did not get very sick. 4. It comes from the Latin word for “cow”. 三、 1. global 2. no, nature 3. passion 4. apprentice 5. developed 6. finished, countryside 7. rarely 8. cowpox 9. realized, protect 10. create 四、 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B 五、 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. F 8. T 9. F 10. T 六、 1. used 2. longer 3. nature 4. apprentice 5. developed 6. studied 7. rarely 8. realized 9. invented 10. used 七、 1. England 2. elder 3. nature 4. doctor 5. hospital 6. countryside 7. milkmaids 8. cowpox 9. vaccine 10. cow 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $