广东普宁市勤建学校2025-2026学年高一年级学科竞赛英语试卷

**基本信息** 勤建学校高一年级英语竞赛试卷以文学、科技、成长等多元素材为载体，通过分层设问与综合任务设计，考查语言能力、思维品质及跨文化意识，适配竞赛对高阶思维的要求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/50分|文学作品推荐、职业选择、自主列车技术、数字哲理|融合科技前沿（如自主列车）与人文思考（如1=0.999...的人生隐喻），设题从细节理解到推理判断，梯度分明| |语言运用|25题/30分|骑行经历完形、中国水墨画语法填空|完形聚焦成长感悟，语法填空渗透文化传承，考查语境中语言运用能力| |写作|2题/40分|“智慧校园”辩论、姐妹故事续写|辩论题关注科技与人文冲突，续写题挖掘情感与自我认知，综合考查表达与思维深度|

勤建学校高一年级学科竞赛 英语答题卡 2026.7 座位号： 注意事项： 级 密 1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题)两部分。 2.本堂考试120分钟，满分120分。 姓 3.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、考号准确无误地填写在答题卡规定的位置上，选择 题部分必须用2B铅笔填涂，否则答案无效。 考场 号 4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回，答题卡不得折叠。 线 第I卷（选择题共65分） 选择题答题区(1-20题每小题2.5分，21-35题每小题1分：满分65分) 内 1[A][B][C][D]6[A][B][C][D] 11[A][B][C] 16[A][B][C][D][E][F] 2[A][B][C][D]7[A][B][C][D] 「D1 [G] 3[A][B][C][D]8[A][B][C][D] 12[A][B][C] 17[AJ[B][C][D][E][F] 4[A][B][C][D] 9[A][B][C][D] IDI [G1 不 5[A][B][C][D] 10[A][B][C][D] 13[A][B][C] 18[A][B][CJ[DJ[E][F] [D1 [G] 14[A][B][C] 19[A][B][C][DJ[E][F] [D] [G] … 15[A][B][C] 20[A][B][C][D][E][F] 要 [D] [G] 21[A][B][C][D]26[A][B[C][D]31[A][B][C][D] 22[A][B][C][D]27[A][B][C][D]32[A][B][C][D] 23[A][B][C][D]28[A][B][C][D]33[A][B][C][D] 24[A][B][C][D]29[A][B][C][D]34[A][B][C][D] 答 25[A][B][C][D]30[A][B][C][D]35[A][B][C][D] 学科竞赛英语答题卡 第1页 共3页 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共55分） 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分） 36. 37. 38. 9 40. 41 42 43. 44. 45. 第一部分基础写作（满分15分） Last Friday afternoon,a heated debate was held in Room 502,Building 1. 学科竞赛英语答题卡 第2页共3页 第二部分读后续写（满分25分） Paragraph 1:On the day of performance,I sat in the hall. Paragraph 2:I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement. 学科竞赛英语答题卡 第3页共3页 学科竞赛英语答题卡 第4页共3页 勤建学校高一年级学科竞赛 英语试卷 2026.7 考试时间 120分钟 卷面分 120分 第I卷(选择题) 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Good books have the incredible power to transform our lives. They can take us on adventures to distant lands and teach us lessons that stay with us forever. Let’s explore some of the amazing books. When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari Using a fresh mix of an exciting first-person account with thoughtful poetic storytelling, this fiction explores the lives of Kai, Orla and Zak, and all the complicated connections, dreams and difficulties that tie then together, encouraging readers to pursue their own dreams and find out the right way to face life’s challenges with courage. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch Suffering from cancer, Professor Randy Pausch gave one final lecture. In it, he described, how to dream, how to overcome difficulties and how to live those dreams. This book, which takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, is something everyone should read at least once in their lifetime. The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani Sixteen-year-old Azadeh seeks comfort in her violin playing while adjusting to a new school, struggling with friendships, and facing problems at home. The book gives a look into various aspects of her personal life, filled with light-hearted humor. It is not just a story of struggle, but an attractive journey of self-development and self- discovery. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares This book follows four best friends as they start their own summer adventures, connected by a pair of magical jeans. It is a delightful read that shows independence, the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up. It’s a story that young adults can relate to as they figure out their own lives. 1．Which book tells the writer’s own story? A．The Last Lecture. B．When Shadows Fall. C．The Silver Chain. D．The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. 2．What do The Silver Chain and The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants both focus on? A．Family and privacy. B．Growth and friendship. C．Struggle and magic. D．Traveling and adjustment. 3．This text is most probably intended for readers________ A．fascinated by adventure novels. B．interested in books about teenagers. C．seeking recommendations for inspiring reads. D．planning a literary-themed trip around the world. B The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music. My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards. My parents insisted on college instead of a music school, and to college I went quite happily, as I remember, for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing, I had many other interests. Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job. Thus was I launched upon a business career which I always think of as the wasted years. Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage (贬低) business. My whole point is that it was not for me. I went into it for money, and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family, money is all I got out of it. It was not enough. I felt that life was passing me by. I continued to make money, and finally, bit by bit, accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad to study music. I resigned from my position and, feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe. I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do. If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy. 4．The writer’s parents didn’t want him to take a music career mainly because ________. A．the writer didn’t show much talent in playing music B．college was a much better option than a music school C．it seemed an unstable and financially-challenged profession D．the living conditions of the writer’s parents weren’t good enough 5．What can be learned about the writer’s experience of college? A．The writer enjoyed the fruitful college life B．The writer dropped out before graduation. C．The writer kept playing the violin every day. D．The writer went to college unwillingly. 6．What does the underlined sentence I walked on air. in Paragraph 3 mean? A．I was interviewed by a broadcaster. B．My music was alive on broadcast. C．I felt very relaxed indeed. D．I was extremely excited. 7．What message does the passage mainly convey? A．Being able to do what one loves is the best kind of life. B．A success of living depends on one’s adaption to life. C．One should think twice before he/she makes a decision. D．Ups and downs make one even stronger. C The next big stage, the improvement from automatic to truly autonomous trains, is already here. It will take train autonomy to the next level, beyond the automated performance on closed loops (圈；环) such as automatic rail lines today and onto the vast expanse of international railways. That will mean that the next generation of trains will be able to locate themselves in their environment and interact with other train traffic without human assistance. They will have the ability to detect and manage on their own all elements of their environment, designed by a connected traffic management system. The transition toward train autonomy is speeding, says Kai Taylor, Thales Marketing & Communications Director Main Line Rail Signalling, and a reason for that can be summed up in one word: digitalisation. “The key to success”, says Kai Taylor, “is in fact what is in ‘the Thales DNA’—the digital technologies across Thales business units-aerospace, space, transportation, defence and security”. “These technologies represent the pieces of the puzzle to achieve real train autonomy. They are artificial intelligence, big data, connectivity, including the internet of things linking trains to intelligent railway switches, and with net security built in. We have sensors for obstacle (障碍) detection from Thales defence, safe and precise satellite positioning from our space and avionics (航空电子设备) division, cybersecurity from the Thales security sector and the trusted explainable and approvable artificial intelligence led by Thales for safe decisions. Taken together, they will provide the train with true autonomy for safe and efficient operations” Of course, all these technologies are at the base of the Thales ground and air transportation sector’s current offerings for efficient, safe and reliable travel in the air or on the ground. Kai Taylor explains, “We’re unique in having the experience and the expertise in all aspects of mobility, including Thales global leadership in air and train management systems which are assuring rail and air travel for airlines and rail operators all over the world.” 8．What will truly autonomous trains do? A．Carry out the automated performance on closed loops. B．Communicate with other trains with the help of humans. C．Examine and deal with the situations of the surroundings. D．Travel automatically with great speeds using solar powers. 9．What does the underlined word “that”in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Their environment. B．The transition’ speeding. C．Human assistance. D．The ability to locate themselves. 10．What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．How digitalisation works in real train autonomy. B．What sensors on the autonomous trains deal with. C．What will guarantee the train’s smooth operations. D．How obstacles are removed from the paths of trains. 11．What’s Kai Taylor’s attitude towards the future of autonomous trains? A．Indifferent. B．Concerned. C．Critical. D．Confident. D I used to believe that only words could catch the essence (本质) of the human soul. The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves. Words were everything. That belief changed. In an ordinary math class, my teacher posed a simple question: What’s 0. 99 rounded to the nearest whole number? Easy. When rounded to the nearest whole number, 0. 99=1. Somehow, I thought even though 0. 99 is only 0. 01 away from 1, there’s still a 0. 01 difference. That means even if two things are only a little different, they are still different, so doesn’t that make them completely different? My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation (等式) : 1= 0. 9, which could also be expressed as 1=0. 99999… repeating itself without ever ending. There was something mysterious but attractive about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign. Lying in bed, I thought about how much the equation paralleled our existence. The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in between life and death. The right side means a time and space full of limitless possibilities, and endless opportunities into the open future. So that’s what life is. Objective but imaginative. Unchangeable but limitless. Life is an equation with two sides that balances itself out. Still, we can’t ever truly seem to put the perfect words to it. So possibly numbers can express ideas as equally well as words can. For now, let’s leave it at that: 1= 0. 99999… and live a life like it. 12．What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1? A．Their wide variety. B．Their literary origins. C．Their different sounds. D．Their expressive power. 13．What made the author find the equation attractive? A．The repetition of a number. B．The difference between the two numbers. C．The question the teacher raised. D．The way two different numbers are equal. 14．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “paralleled” in paragraph 6? A．Measured. B．Mirrored. C．Composed. D．Influenced. 15．What is a suitable title for the text? A．The Perfect Equation. B．Numbers Build Equations. C．An Attractive Question. D．Words Outperform Numbers. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are frequent reports on the need of volunteers in so many different charitable organizations． 16 There are actually many ways to find opportunities to help others．When a person is looking for volunteer opportunities and doesn’t care where he volunteers，a good place to look for jobs is through local volunteer centers．These centers may have lists，much like classified ads，requesting volunteers in a variety of fields．It can help to choose a volunteer position that will take advantage of work or life experience． 17 Other employers and companies may not be that picky and are willing to take on anyone who has enthusiasm for the work． Sometimes people want to become a volunteer in a specific type of work． 18 The best route may be to contact these facilities and find out what available volunteer programs they have．Some programs may require job applications and training，and this training isn’t always free．Looking around at a few programs can help people find the ones that don’t charge for training． 19 Schools may additionally have volunteer job listings that can help people become a volunteer．Sometimes listings for jobs are exclusive(独有的) to the school and people may find work as tutors or administrative assistants． It isn’t always necessary to look at non-profit companies to find volunteer opportunities．Plenty of individuals and for-profit companies may benefit from volunteers’help too．A volunteer babysitter or someone who helps a neighbor with the housework can make a big difference in a community．Volunteering doesn’t have to be a full-time commitment． 20 A．Different organizations have different ways to attract volunteers． B．They may want to help at an animal shelter or work in a hospital． C．Many schools now have community service requirements for students． D．It may be an occasional thing that promotes good feelings between neighbors． E．Many people will give more time if they see the benefit of their volunteer work． F．But people don’t know how to start sometimes if they want to become a volunteer． G．Some volunteer positions do require that applicants have certain experience before they are hired． 第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My long-distance cycling career of 13 years and 35, 000 kilometres ended as I approached 75. Although I am now no longer strong enough to 21 the long days and big climbs, day in and day out, I have my memories. The road behind is just memories, some soon to be forgotten, others to be 22 and enhanced with the retelling. A 6000-kilometre cross-country ride initially appears 23 , but, once done, it is simply done, much like the challenges that life 24 . Real 25 would come when I was alone on my bicycle. I enjoyed meeting and even 26 the daily targets I had set for myself. I enjoyed the technical challenges faced by tire bursts and loose handlebars, but 27 not at that time. I loved cycling with a strong tailwind pushing me along and hated 28 into a strong headwind. I loved striking up conversations with a diversity of people and sincerely appreciated the support and comfort they 29 . Long distance cycling brings unbearable exhaustion, long hours of anxiety, even fear and desperation, but these 30 into insignificance, compared to the joy and 31 of climbing huge mountains or seeing fantastic sights for the first time. The experiences add newness and 32 to my life and the memories are 33 . Most importantly, cycling taught me to know myself better. It eventually dawned on me that I had more 34 and courage than I ever imagined. The self-awareness and long-lasting memories will give me enormous 35 as I carry on my life journey. 21．A．appreciate B．choose C．expect D．stand 22．A．treasured B．explored C．created D．discussed 23．A．boring B．annoying C．confusing D．discouraging 24．A．overcomes B．greets C．throws D．ignores 25．A．loneliness B．joy C．convenience D．panic 26．A．making B．changing C．beating D．finalizing 27．A．reasonably B．admittedly C．fortunately D．hopefully 28．A．battling B．slipping C．falling D．wandering 29．A．owned B．offered C．mentioned D．promised 30．A．fit B．pale C．run D．back 31．A．reflection B．anticipation C．satisfaction D．motivation 32．A．secrets B．rules C．decisions D．dimensions 33．A．reliable B．flexible C．inaccessible D．unforgettable 34．A．toughness B．curiosity C．imagination D．wisdom 35．A．insight B．knowledge C．power D．admiration 第II卷(非选择题) 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese brush painting is one of the representative forms of traditional Chinese art. It 36 (believe) that this kind of art form originated during the Tang dynasty. It has been developing for more than a thousand 37 (year). The subjects of Chinese brush painting are various, including landscapes, flowers and birds, figures, animals and so on. It stresses the importance of mood and meaning, rather than the form and realism. It focuses 38 the space, atmosphere and mood of the painting, rather than being restricted by the rules of details and composition. It gives importance to the freedom and fluency of the brushwork, thus 39 (express) the personality and emotions of the painter. The expression techniques of Chinese Brush Painting are various, the most characteristic being “the Sentiment of Brush and Ink”. Painters show their spirit by changing the 40 (deep), shade and humidity of the ink, creating 41 unique artistic form. In addition, Chinese brush painting also pays attention to composition. This requires the painters 42 (pay) more attention to the overall sense and rhythm of the painting and try to achieve the effect of “ 43 (little) is more”. In general, Chinese brush painting is an form 44 represents the traditional Chinese understanding of beauty and artistic characteristics. It is not only an important part of Chinese culture, 45 one of the treasures of world cultural heritage. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46．假定你是李华，你们学校拟推行“智慧校园”项目，届时每位老师将配备一个机器人教师助手，能够代替老师进行课后辅导(tutor)、答疑等。你班同学就此进行了一场辩论，请你为校英文报写篇文章，内容包括： 1. 正方观点：支持此项目，机器人教师助手可以更便捷、即时地帮助学生，解决老师们因开会、出差等原因不在时学生的答疑问题。 2. 反方观点：反对此项目，找老师答疑不仅仅是为了解决知识上的问题，还希望得到老师的鼓励、安慰等精神上的交流。 3. 你的观点：...... 注意： (1) 词数不少于120; (2)首句已出，不计入字数： (3)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 Last Friday afternoon, a heated debate was held in Room 502, Building 1. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had a very peaceful childhood and I mostly ignored the fact that my elder sister was different. She got “Asperger Syndrome” (社交困难症). It turned my parents’ world upside down - but they never let it affect me. My parents worked very hard at ensuring that everything seemed pleasant and quiet for me. It was only at the age of ten that I started to notice the differences and became aware of my social life and self-image that I had carefully built up. My sister on the other hand, was socially awkward. She could not look at people in the eye. She would whisper to herself and repeat the words she had just said. However, she was academically capable, so we attended the same primary school. Despite this, I never admitted in public that she was my sister. However, there was one incident that changed how I viewed my sister and changed me. Being in primary six, about to graduate, my sister and her classmates had to put on a performance, whether in a group, or on their own. Because she failed to join others, she was the only one left without a group. The school had made it a must for everyone to perform, so my sister had to do it by herself. “I’ll sing,” my sister told my parents, somewhat confidently. Hearing that, I was completely shocked. How could my sister who was socially awkward, sing in front of the school? I knew so very well that if I allowed this to happen, she would embarrass me. “No!” I protested. My parents shot me a look and I knew my sister was going to perform anyway, and I was going to be part of the audience watching her. Silently, I wished that something would happen and I would not have to watch my sister lose face. 注意：1. 续写次数应为130左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 On the day of performance, I sat in the hall. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科竞赛英语试卷 第8页 共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 勤建学校高一年级学科竞赛英语试卷解析 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B D B B D A C A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D C D B C B G F C D 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D A D C B C B A B B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 C D D A C 1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍看几本令人惊叹的书。 1．细节理解题。根据The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch中的“This book, which takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, is something everyone should read at least once in their lifetime.(这本书带领读者踏上了他的起起落落之旅，是每个人一生中至少应该读一次的书。)”可知，患癌症的教授Randy Pausch写的The Last Lecture一书中描述了他的经历，也就是讲述了作者自己的故事。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani中的“Sixteen-year-old Azadeh seeks comfort in her violin playing while adjusting to a new school, struggling with friendships, and facing problems at home. (16岁的阿扎德在适应新学校、为友谊而挣扎、面对家庭问题的同时，也在小提琴演奏中寻求安慰。)”和The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares中的“It is a delightful read that shows independence, the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up. (这是一本令人愉快的读物，它展示了独立、友谊的真谛和成长的挑战。)”可知，二者共同聚焦的是成长与友谊。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章介绍了几本不同的书，并对书的内容亮点进行了阐述，目的很可能是给寻求鼓舞人心读物推荐的读者提供参考，而不是针对痴迷冒险小说的、对青少年相关书籍感兴趣的或者计划文学主题环球旅行的读者。故选D。 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者放弃商业生涯，选择音乐之路的人生经历。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents, although sympathetic, and sharing my love of music, disapproved of it as a profession. This was understandable in view of the family background. My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years. Though much beloved and respected in the community, he earned barely enough to provide for his large family. As a consequence of this example in the family, the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a risky existence with uncertain financial rewards.(我的父母虽然同情我，也和我一样热爱音乐，但不赞成我把音乐当作职业。考虑到家庭背景，这是可以理解的。我的祖父教了近四十年的音乐。虽然他在社区里深受爱戴和尊敬，但他挣的钱几乎不够养活他的大家庭。由于家庭中的这个例子，一提到把音乐当作职业，就会让人联想到一种充满风险、经济回报不确定的生活)”可知，作者的父母不想让他从事音乐事业主要是因为音乐职业似乎是一个不稳定且经济上充满挑战的职业。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Before my graduation from college, the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job.(在我大学毕业之前，家里遭遇了严重的经济逆境，我觉得自己有责任离开大学去找工作)”可知，作者在毕业前退学了。故选B。 6．词句猜测题。根据第三段“I stayed four years, worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it. “Enjoyed” is too mild a word. I walked on air. I really lived. I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do.(我在那里待了四年，工作得比以往任何时候都要努力，每一分钟都很享受。“享受”这个词太温和了。 I walked on air.。我真正地活着。我是个自由的人，我在做我喜欢做的事，也是我应该做的事)”可知，作者对于学习音乐这件事情不仅是享受的，而且从作者表明“享受”这个词太温柔。由此可知，I walked on air表示“我非常兴奋”。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If I had stayed in business, I might be a comparatively wealthy man today, but I do not believe I would have made a success of living. I would have given up all those inner satisfactions that money can never buy.(如果我继续经商，我今天可能会成为一个相对富有的人，但我不相信我会过上成功的生活。我会放弃所有那些金钱永远买不到的内心满足)”可推测出，作者认为能够做自己喜欢的事是最好的生活。故选A。 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了列车由自动向自主发展的趋势。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“They will have the ability to detect and manage on their own all elements of their environment, designed by a connected traffic management system. (经关联交通管理系统设计，自主运行列车能够独立检测与处理全部环境因素。)”可知，自主运行列车可以独立检测和处理环境因素。故选C。 9．词句猜测题。结合指代关系和上文“The transition toward train autonomy is speeding (列车自主化的变革正在加快脚步)”可知，列车自主化的变革速度原因可以用一个词来概括：数字化。此处that指代的是上文提到的“列车自主化的变革速度”。故选A。 10．主旨大意题。通读全段，结合首句中的“These technologies represent the pieces of the puzzle to achieve real train autonomy. (这些技术代表了实现真正的列车自主的拼图的一部分。)”可知，全段讲述了诸如物联网、障碍物检测传感器、卫星定位、人工智能等数字化技术在自主运行列车上的运用。所以本段告诉我们数字化如何在真正的列车自动驾驶中发挥作用。故选B。 11．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了凯·泰勒对自主运行列车的看法，其中由“We’re unique in having the experience and the expertise in all aspects of mobility (我们在各方面的流动性具有独到的经验与专业知识)”可知，凯·泰勒表示他们具备独一无二的经验与专业知识，说明他对自主运行列车是非常有信心的。故选D。 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“I used to believe that only words could catch the essence (本质) of the human soul. The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves. Words were everything.(我曾经相信，只有语言才能捕捉到人类灵魂的本质。文学作品包含了如此独特的故事，它们塑造了我们看待世界的方式。文字构成了我们试图揭示的问题，以及这些问题本身的答案)” 可推知，在第一段作者主要强调了语言的表达力量，故选 C。 13．细节理解题。根据第五段“There was something mysterious but attractive about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，作者觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连接起来了。由此可知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不同的数相等的方式。故选D。 14．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear. The concrete, whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die. But then there is that gap in between life and death.(等式的左边表示有时候生命本身是如此的不可改变，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具体整数。但是生与死之间有一段距离)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相似，划线词paralleled的意思是“与……十分相似”，和 mirrored意思相近，故选B。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation (等式): 1= 0. 9, which could also be expressed as 1=0. 99999… repeating itself without ever ending.(我的老师给出了另一个等式：1=0. 9，也可以表示为1=0. 99999… 不断重复，没有尽头)”和第五段“There was something mysterious but attractive about the equation. The left side was unchangeable, objective: it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet, somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign.(这个方程式神秘而迷人。左边是不变的、客观的：里面有一个没有尽头的数字。右边是无穷无尽的东西，数字无限重复。然而，不知怎么的，这两个相反的东西被一个等号连接起来了)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是C 选项 “The Perfect Equation(完美的等式)”。故选C。 16．B 17．G 18．F 19．C 20．D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有很多方法使自己成为一名志愿者。 【详解】16．根据前句There are frequent reports on the need of volunteers in so many different charitable organizations.（在许多不同的慈善组织中，经常有关于志愿者需求的报道。）和后句 There are actually many ways to find opportunities to help others.（实际上有很多方法可以找到机会去帮助别人。）可知，这里为承上启下句，如果他们想成为一个志愿者，但有时人们不知道如何开始。故选B。 17．根据前句It can help to choose a volunteer position that will take advantage of work or life experience.中的关键词work or life experience（工作或生活经验），可知，一些志愿者职位要求申请者有一定的经验才能被雇佣。故选G。 18．根据前句Sometimes people want to become a volunteer in a specific type of work.（有时，人们想要成为特定类型工作的志愿者。）可知，动物收容所或医院是一些特定的场所。故选F。 19．根据后句Schools may additionally have volunteer job listings that can help people become a volunteer. （此外，学校可能还会提供志愿工作清单，帮助人们成为一名志愿者。）可知，许多学校现在对学生有社区服务的要求。故选C。 20．根据前两句A volunteer babysitter or someone who helps a neighbor with the housework can make a big difference in a community．Volunteering doesn’t have to be a full-time commitment．可知，自愿做保姆或帮助邻居做家务的人可以在一个社区有很大影响，能够增进邻居间的好感。故选D。 21．D 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者回顾了自己长达13年的远程骑行生涯，讲述了骑行过程中的各种经历、感受以及骑行对作者自身的影响。 【详解】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在再也没有足够的体力去忍受漫长的日子以及艰难的山路攀爬，日复一日，但我拥有的是满满的回忆。A. appreciate欣赏、感激；B. choose选择；C. expect期待；D. stand站立、忍受。根据上文“I am now no longer strong enough”可知，作者已经75岁了，没有足够的体力去忍受长时间的攀爬。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：身后的道路只是回忆，有些很快就会被遗忘，有些则将随着反复述说而被珍藏和升华。A. treasured珍视、珍藏；B. explored探索；C. created创造；D. discussed讨论。根据空后的“enhanced”以及上文“some soon to be forgotten”可推测，空处是一种比较，有些记忆会忘记，而有些则被珍藏。故选A。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人气馁的，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. boring乏味的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. discouraging令人气馁的。根据空前的“initially”以及下文“but, once done, it is simply done”可知，6000公里的骑行，最初听起来好像让人望而却步，但是一旦完成也就仅仅如此。故选D。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一次6000公里的跨国骑行，起初看起来令人望而生畏，但一旦完成，也就仅仅完成了而已，这与生活中遇到的其他挑战并无太大不同。A. overcomes克服；B. greets迎接、问候；C. throws扔、把……加于；D. ignores忽视。根据先行词“the challenges”以及从句主语“life”可推测，这些挑战是生活加在我们身上的。故选C。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我独自骑自行车的时候，真正的快乐就来了。A. loneliness孤独；B. joy高兴；C. convenience便利；D. panic恐慌。根据下文“I enjoyed meeting and even ____6____ the daily targets I had set for myself. I enjoyed the technical challenges faced by tire bursts and loose handlebars, but ____7____ not at that time.”中的“enjoy”可知，这些都是作者所喜爱的，由此可知，作者骑行时感到的是真正的快乐。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢达到甚至超过我为自己设定的每日目标。A. making使、制作；B. changing改变；C. beating打、跳动、超过；D. finalizing完成、确定。根据上文的“meeting”以及空前的“even”可推测，空处指的是比“meeting”更进一步，那么自然是超过自己所定的目标。故选C。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很享受轮胎爆胎和车把松动带来的技术挑战，但我承认，当时我并不喜欢。A. reasonably适当地；B. admittedly公认地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. hopefully怀着希望地。根据空前的“but”可知，作者想承认的是享受那种技术挑战，但是处理挑战时并不好受。故选B。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在强劲的顺风推动下骑行，讨厌顶着狂风艰难前行。A. battling与……作战；B. slipping滑倒；C. falling摔倒；D. wandering漫步、徘徊。根据上文“I loved cycling with a strong tailwind pushing me along”可知，作者喜欢顺风骑行，那么相对的，作者讨厌的是逆风而上的艰难。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢和各种各样的人交谈，真诚地感谢他们提供的支持和安慰。A. owned拥有；B. offered提供；C. mentioned提及；D. promised承诺。根据先行词“the support and comfort”可推测，作者感激的是这些人给自己提供的支持和安慰。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. fit适合；B. pale相形见绌；C. run跑；D. back支持。根据空后的“insignificance”以及“compared to the joy and ____11____ of climbing huge mountains or seeing fantastic sights for the first time.”可推测，长途骑行带来的疲惫、焦虑以及恐惧等，和其带来的愉悦相比，会显得微不足道。考查短语：pale into insignificance，意为“显得微不足道”，符合句意。 故选B。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长途骑行带来了难以忍受的疲惫，长时间的焦虑，甚至恐惧和绝望，但与攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景的喜悦和满足感相比，这些都显得微不足道。A. reflection反射、反映；B. anticipation预期；C. satisfaction满意；D. motivation动机。根据空前的“joy”以及上文的“insignificance”可推测，作者认为攀登高山或第一次看到奇妙风景会给自己带来愉悦和满足。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. secrets秘密；B. rules规则；C. decisions决定；D. dimensions尺寸、维度。根据空前“newness”以及句意可知，这些骑行的经历给作者的生活增添了维度。故选D。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些经历为我的生活增添了新鲜感和维度，这些记忆令人难忘。A. reliable可依赖的；B. flexible灵活的；C. inaccessible难接近的；D. unforgettable难以忘记的。根据上文“The road behind is just memories, some soon to be forgotten, others to be ____2____ and enhanced with the retelling.”可推测，这些经历常常被再次想起提及，由此可知，这些经历使令人难忘的。故选D。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到，我比自己想象的更有韧性和勇气。A. toughness强硬；B. curiosity好奇心；C. imagination想象力；D. wisdom智慧、明智。根据上文“Long distance cycling brings unbearable exhaustion, long hours of anxiety, even fear and desperation, but these ____10____ into insignificance, compared to the joy and ____11____ of climbing huge mountains or seeing fantastic sights for the first time.”可知，远途骑行需要韧性也需要勇气，而作者通过骑行的经历意识到自己具备这样的韧性和勇气。故选A。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自我认知和长久以来的回忆，将在我继续人生旅程时给予我巨大的力量。A. insight洞察力；B. knowledge知识；C. power权力、力量；D. admiration钦佩。根据上文“It eventually dawned on me that I had more ____14____ and courage than I ever imagined.”可知，作者意识到自己比想象中的具有韧性和勇气，而这种认知的提升给了作者继续人生旅程所需要的力量。故选C。 36．is believed 37．years 38．on 39．expressing 40．depth 41．a 42．to pay 43．less 44．that/which 45．but 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国水墨画这种绘画的艺术。 36．考查固定句型和时态。句意：人们相信，这种艺术形式起源于唐代。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，It is believed that...是固定句型，意为“人们相信……”，其中it是形式主语，that从句引导的是主语从句，因此空格处是is believed。故填is believed。 37．考查名词的复数。句意：它已经发展了一千多年。a thousand后跟名词的复数，故填years。 38．考查介词。句意：它注重绘画的空间、氛围和情绪，而不是被细节和构图的规则所限制。focus on是固定短语，意为“专注于”，因此空格处是介词on，故填on。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：它注重笔触的自由流畅，从而表现出画家的个性和情感。句中谓语是gives，空格处用非谓语动词，空格后的内容是结果，因此空格处用现在分词作状语，故填expressing。 40．考查名词。句意：画家通过改变墨水的深度、阴影和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。空格处用名词作宾语，deep的名词是depth，是不可数名词，意为“深度”，故填depth。 41．考查冠词。句意：画家通过改变墨水的深度、阴影和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 42．考查不定式。句意：这就要求画家更加注重绘画的整体感和节奏感，力求达到“少即是多”的效果。require sb. to do是固定短语，意为“要求某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to pay，故填to pay。 43．考查比较级。句意：这就要求画家更加注重绘画的整体感和节奏感，力求达到“少即是多”的效果。根据语境可知，句子表示“这就要求画家更加注重绘画的整体感和节奏感，力求达到“少即是多”的效果”，less is more是固定短语，意为“少即是多”，因此空格处是less，故填less。 44．考查定语从句。句意：总的来说，中国的毛笔画是一种代表中国传统审美和艺术特征的形式。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词form是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 45．考查固定搭配。句意：它不仅是中国文化的重要组成部分，而且是世界文化遗产的瑰宝之一。not only...but (also)...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，因此空格处是but，故填but。 46．       Last Friday afternoon, a heated debate was held in Room 502, Building 1.The topic of the debate is about the school’s proposed “Smart Campus” project. Our school intends to equip each teacher with a robot teacher assistant who can replace the teacher to do after-school tutoring and answer questions raised by students. As for it, students’ views are divided.      Some students support this project. They think that the robot teacher assistant can help students more conveniently and instantly, and answer the students’ questions when teachers are away for meetings, business trips, etc.      Other students oppose this project. They insist that by asking teachers for help they can not only solve knowledge problems, but also get spiritual encouragement and comfort from teachers.          In my opinion, making full use of the convenience brought by the robot teacher is natural while to communicate with teachers more often is more advisable. 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你们学校拟推行“智慧校园”项目，届时每位老师将配备一个机器人教师助手，能够代替老师进行课后辅导、答疑等。你班同学就此进行了一场辩论，请你为校英文报写篇文章，内容包括： 1. 正方观点：支持此项目，机器人教师助手可以更便捷、即时地帮助学生，解决老师们因开会、出差等原因不在时学生的答疑问题； 2. 反方观点：反对此项目，找老师答疑不仅仅是为了解决知识上的问题，还希望得到老师的鼓励、安慰等精神上的交流； 3. 你的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 打算做：want to do→ plan to do /intend to do/mean to do 支持：support→in favor of/in support of 反对： oppose→object to/be opposed to/be against 利用：use→make use of/take advantage of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Friday afternoon, a heated debate was held in Room 502, Building 1. The topic of the debate is about the school’s proposed “Smart Campus” project. 拓展句：Last Friday afternoon, a heated debate was held in Room 502, Building 1, the topic of which is about the school’s proposed “Smart Campus” project. 【点睛】[高分句型1] They think that the robot teacher assistant can help students more conveniently and instantly, and answer the students’ questions when teachers are away for meetings, business trips, etc.该复合句中使用了that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句。 [高分句型2] They insist that by asking teachers for help they can not only solve knowledge problems, but also get spiritual encouragement and comfort from teachers.该复合句中使用了that引导的宾语从句。 47．On the day of performance, I sat in the hall. I felt very nervous inside. Because if my sister behaved badly, I would feel embarrassed in front of everyone. When she began to perform, I stared at the stage until my sister finished her performance. To my surprise, after the performance, the audience gave my sister warm applause, which means that everyone recognized my sister’s performance. I felt relaxed and appreciated it with excitement. When my sister came to me, I hugged her tightly and told her that she had done well and that she had made it. It was only then that I realized that even though my sister had Asperger’s syndrome, it couldn’t stop her from being a wonderful girl. My sister is unique, and she can also give a great performance. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妹妹患有社交困难症，但不得不在众人面前进行公开表演。作者担心妹妹演出失败而让自己颜面扫尽，一直对此忐忑不安。但演出当天，妹妹表现出色，赢得了观众的认可，同时也改变了我对妹妹的看法，我学会了认可并欣赏妹妹的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段句首内容“演出当天，我坐在演出大厅”可知，第一段描述作者作为观众观看妹妹演出，内心忐忑不安的观看表演。妹妹表现出色，并赢得了台下观众的认可。 ②由第二段句首内容“我兴奋不已，而又如释重负，很喜欢妹妹的表演”可知第二段描写妹妹的演出很成功，她的表现也改变了我对她的看法——妹妹是独一无二的，也能带给大家出色的表演。 2. 续写线索：观看表演——感到紧张——演出成功——拥抱妹妹——改变态度——认可妹妹 3. 词汇激活 行为类： ①开始表演：begin to perform/start one’s performance ②拥抱某人：hug sb./ give sb. a hug 情绪类： ①感到尴尬：feel embarrassed/ feel awkward ②出色的：wonderful/ fabulous 【点睛】【高分句型1】When she began to perform, I stared at the stage until my sister finished her performance.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】To my surprise, after the performance, the audience gave my sister warm applause, which means that everyone recognized my sister's performance.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $