专题05 冠词（练习）-2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 以支架式教学为核心，将冠词知识体系化为a/an音素判断、the特指用法、零冠词固定搭配及综合语境辨析四大模块，通过分层训练与真题溯源构建从基础到能力的完整进阶路径，提升语言理解与表达能力及思维分析水平。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |系列考点夯实练|18题（含hour/useful音素辨析）|音素判断法、特指标记法|从单一考点（a/an→the→零冠词）逐步递进| |核心突破提升练|24题（含完形填空语境应用）|固定搭配记忆法、语境综合分析法|从规则应用到多考点融合辨析| |真题溯源过关练|8题（含2025-2022年真题）|真题考向归纳法|对接考情实现知识迁移与能力固化|

编写说明：2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情，将冠词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为冠词。 2027年陕西省（职教单招） 《英语一轮讲练测》专项训练 专题05 冠词 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 【考点1 不定冠词a/an：音素判断与泛指表达】 1. It takes me about ______ hour to finish the report. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定冠词a/an。hour中的h不发音，首音为元音音素/aʊ/，故用an。 2. This is ______ useful guide for new workers in the factory. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查a/an的音素判断。useful以/juː/开头，首音为辅音音素，泛指“一本有用的指南”，用a。 3. My uncle is ______ honest driver and everyone trusts him. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查h不发音单词前的冠词。honest以元音音素开头，表示“一位诚实的司机”，用an。 4. Students should do eye exercises twice ______ day. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定冠词表示“每一”。twice a day意为“一天两次”，a相当于per。 5. There is ______ one-way street near the new market. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查a/an易错点。one-way虽以元音字母开头，但首音为/w/，属于辅音音素，故用a。 6. The school trip was ______ great success last week. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查抽象名词具体化。success表示“一件成功的事”时可数，great以辅音音素开头，用a。 【考点2 定冠词the：特指、唯一与固定用法】 7. ______ Wang family are having dinner when I arrive. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查“the + 姓氏/家庭名词”表示一家人。the Wang family意为“王先生一家”。 8. ______ moon looks bright and round tonight. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查独一无二事物前用the。moon为世上独一无二的天体，前面用定冠词the。 9. The girl can play ______ violin very well. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查乐器前用the。play the violin表示“拉小提琴”，乐器名词前通常加the。 10. ______ Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. A. A B. An C. / D. The 【答案】D 【详解】考查江河名称前用the。the Yellow River为固定表达，江河、海洋、山脉等名称前通常加the。 11. Tom is ______ first student to finish the task. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查序数词前用the。the first student表示“第一个学生”，序数词前通常加定冠词。 12. The nurse works by ______ hour in the community hospital. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查by the hour固定结构，意为“按小时”。by + the + 计量单位为常见搭配。 【考点3 零冠词：三餐、球类、交通方式与头衔】 13. Many students go to school by ______ bike on sunny days. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查“by + 交通工具”零冠词。by bike表示“骑自行车”，交通工具前不加冠词。 14. After ______ breakfast, the workers began their daily meeting. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查三餐前零冠词。have/after breakfast等表达中，三餐名词通常不加冠词。 15. The boys often play ______ basketball after class. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查球类运动前零冠词。play basketball表示“打篮球”，球类名词前不加冠词。 16. Miss Li teaches ______ English in a vocational school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查学科/语言名称前零冠词。English作语言或学科时，一般不加冠词。 17. Mr. Liu, ______ manager of the hotel, gave us a short speech. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查职位头衔作同位语时零冠词。manager of the hotel说明Mr. Liu身份，前面不加冠词。 18. The patient stayed in ______ hospital for two weeks. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查有无冠词意义区别。in hospital表示“住院”，为固定用法；in the hospital表示“在医院里”。 【考点4 冠词综合辨析：固定搭配与语境判断】 19. I saw ______ old woman at the gate. ______ woman asked me for help. A. a; A B. an; The C. the; An D. /; The 【答案】B 【详解】考查首次提到与再次提到。old以元音音素开头，首次提到用an；第二次提到同一人用the。 20. He was in ______ hurry and forgot to take his notebook. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配in a hurry，意为“匆忙地”。hurry在此搭配中前面用a。 21. The students had ______ good time during the skills competition. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配have a good time，意为“玩得开心/过得愉快”。 22. We waited for ______ while before the bus arrived. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配for a while，意为“一会儿”。这是短文改错中的高频冠词缺失点。 23. ______ more carefully you check your work, ______ fewer mistakes you will make. A. A; a B. An; an C. The; the D. /; / 【答案】C 【详解】考查“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，表示“越……越……”。 24. My cousin works in ______ front of the shop, welcoming customers every day. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查in front of与in the front of区别。in front of表示在外部前面；in the front of表示在内部前部。此处为店铺门前迎客，用零冠词。 一、单项选择 25. It is ______ unusual chance for us to visit the training center. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查a/an辨析。unusual以元音音素开头，chance为可数名词单数，泛指“一次不寻常的机会”，用an。 26. We should protect ______ environment and save water in daily life. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查定冠词。the environment常表示人类共同生活的自然环境，具有特指/类指意义，常用the。 27. My brother usually goes to work on ______ foot. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定搭配on foot，意为“步行”，foot前不加冠词。 28. What ______ interesting story the teacher told us this morning! A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查感叹句中的冠词。story为可数名词单数，interesting以元音音素开头，用an。 29. The visitors stood at ______ table and talked about the products. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查at table与at the table区别。at the table表示“在桌旁”；at table表示“在吃饭”。此处为站在桌旁讨论产品，用the。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Good English writing is not only about long words. Small words can also make ____30____ big difference. Articles are among ____31____ smallest words in English, but they often show whether ____32____ noun is general or special. For many vocational school students, articles are difficult because Chinese does not use them in the same way. Last month, our English teacher gave us ____33____ writing task about school life. At first, I wrote, “I saw student fixing machine in workshop.” The teacher smiled and said, “Which student? Which machine?” Then she helped me change it into “I saw ____34____ student fixing ____35____ machine in the workshop.” Suddenly, the sentence became clearer. Since then, I have kept ____36____ small notebook for article mistakes. I write down phrases such as “play ____37____ piano”, “go to work by ____38____ bus” and “for ____39____ while”. The notebook is simple, but it helps me write more accurately. 30. A. a B. an C. the D. / 31. A. a B. an C. the D. / 32. A. a B. an C. the D. / 33. A. a B. an C. the D. / 34. A. a B. an C. the D. / 35. A. a B. an C. the D. / 36. A. a B. an C. the D. / 37. A. a B. an C. the D. / 38. A. a B. an C. the D. / 39. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】30.A 31.C 32.A 33.A 34.A 35.A 36.A 37.C 38.D 39.A 【导语】本文介绍作者通过英语写作任务认识到冠词的重要性，并用笔记本整理冠词搭配，集中考查不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词和固定搭配。 【详解】 30. A：make a big difference为固定搭配，意为“产生很大影响”。 31. C：形容词最高级smallest前用定冠词the，表示“最小的词”。 32. A：noun为可数名词单数，首次泛指“一个名词”，且noun以辅音音素开头，用a。 33. A：task为可数名词单数，首次提到一项写作任务，用a。 34. A：student为可数名词单数，泛指“一个学生”，用a。 35. A：machine为可数名词单数，泛指“一台机器”，用a。 36. A：notebook为可数名词单数，small以辅音音素开头，用a。 37. C：play the piano表示“弹钢琴”，乐器前用the。 38. D：by bus表示“乘公交车”，by + 交通工具前不用冠词。 39. A：for a while为固定搭配，意为“一会儿”。 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Many learners think articles are too small to matter, but in English they carry important information. The word “a” or “an” usually introduces one person or thing for the first time. The word “the” often points to something already known or something special. Zero article is also meaningful, especially before meals, sports, languages and transport expressions. A teacher in a vocational school once asked her class to compare two sentences: “I repaired machine” and “I repaired the machine.” Students quickly found that the second sentence was clearer because it referred to a particular machine. Then the teacher changed it to “I repaired a machine,” and students understood that the machine was mentioned for the first time. The teacher also encouraged students to remember article chunks instead of isolated rules. For example, they wrote down “have a rest,” “play the guitar,” “by bus,” and “in public.” These chunks helped students avoid common mistakes in multiple-choice questions and short error-correction tasks. After several weeks of practice, students became more careful in writing. They still made mistakes, but they could explain why “an hour” is correct and why “a useful tool” is also correct. The teacher believed that understanding sound, meaning and fixed expressions together was the best way to master articles. 40. What does “a” or “an” usually do in English? A. It introduces one person or thing for the first time. B. It always shows something special. C. It is used before every plural noun. D. It replaces all fixed expressions. 41. Why was “I repaired the machine” clearer than “I repaired machine”? A. Because it used a longer verb. B. Because it referred to a particular machine. C. Because it removed the noun. D. Because it used zero article correctly. 42. Which expression in the passage uses zero article? A. have a rest B. play the guitar C. by bus D. an hour 43. What helped students avoid common article mistakes? A. Memorizing only grammar terms. B. Writing longer sentences every day. C. Remembering article chunks. D. Avoiding all nouns in writing. 44. What is the best way to master articles according to the teacher? A. Learning sound, meaning and fixed expressions together. B. Using the in front of every noun. C. Translating every sentence word by word. D. Reading only short dialogues. 【答案】40.A 41.B 42.C 43.C 44.A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语冠词a/an、the和零冠词的基本意义，并说明通过语块记忆掌握冠词的方法。 【详解】 40. A：细节理解题。根据第一段“usually introduces one person or thing for the first time”可知，a/an通常用于首次介绍一个人或事物。 41. B：细节理解题。根据第二段“it referred to a particular machine”可知，the machine指特定机器，所以句意更清楚。 42. C：细节理解题。by bus属于“by + 交通工具”结构，bus前用零冠词。 43. C：细节理解题。根据第三段“These chunks helped students avoid common mistakes”可知，冠词语块帮助学生减少错误。 44. A：细节理解题。根据最后一段“understanding sound, meaning and fixed expressions together”可知，应结合音素、意义和固定表达学习冠词。 四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的作文。如果原文正确，则在该行右边的横线上标注勾号（√）；如果原文有误（每行只有一处错误），则按下列方法将错误之处予以修改。 该行错词：在错词下划一横线（__），并在该行右边横线上写出修改后的词。 该行缺词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该行右边横线上写出添加的词。 Last Sunday, I went to park near my home with my cousin. ________45________ We took bus and arrived there at about eight o'clock. ________46________ It was a sunny morning, and the sky was clear. ________47________ In the park, we saw an old man playing guitar under a tree. ________48________ After walking for a while, we had the lunch on the grass. ________49________ My cousin brought a orange and a bottle of water. ________50________ A little boy near us was flying the kite happily. ________51________ Later, we met Mr. Chen, head of our school club. ________52________ He told us that exercise is good for the health. ________53________ We had wonderful time and decided to go there again. ________54________ 该行多词：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉，然后在该行右边横线上写出该词并用斜线划掉。 【答案】45. park前加the；46. bus前加a；47. √；48. guitar前加the；49. 去掉lunch前的the；50. a orange改为an orange；51. 去掉kite前的the；52. √；53. 去掉health前的the；54. wonderful前加a。 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和表弟去公园活动的经历，集中考查冠词缺失、多余、a/an混淆以及头衔作同位语时零冠词。 【详解】 45. park前加the：此处特指“我家附近的公园”，需用定冠词the。 46. bus前加a：take a bus为固定表达，意为“乘公交车”。 47. √：a sunny morning表达正确，morning为可数名词单数，sunny以辅音音素开头，用a。 48. guitar前加the：表示演奏乐器时，乐器名词前用the。 49. 去掉the：have lunch表示“吃午饭”，三餐前通常不用冠词。 50. a orange改为an orange：orange以元音音素开头，应用an。 51. 去掉the：fly a kite通常表示“放风筝”；此处原句用the表示特指不当，应改为a kite。 52. √：head of our school club作Mr. Chen的同位语，头衔前不用冠词。 一、单项选择 55. （2025陕西职教单招第7小题）It will take about ______ hour to get here. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查2025年陕西职教单招冠词真题。hour以元音音素/aʊ/开头，前面用an。 56. （2023陕西职教单招第16小题）______ Browns were having dinner when I called them. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查“the + 姓氏复数”表示一家人。the Browns意为“布朗一家人”。 57. （2021陕西职教单招第18小题）Don't be afraid to speak in ______ public. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定搭配in public，意为“公开地、当众”，public前不用冠词。 58. （真题同类改编）The young worker made ______ decision to study computer skills. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配make a decision，意为“作决定”。decision为可数名词单数，前面用a。 59. （真题同类改编）Lily is ______ best student in the training group. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查最高级前用the。best为形容词最高级，the best student表示“最优秀的学生”。 二、短文改错 （2022陕西职教单招短文改错第69小题）We talked for while before the meeting started. ________60________ （真题同类改编）She goes to work by the bus every morning. ________61________ 【答案】60. while前加a；61. 去掉bus前的the。 【导语】两道小题集中考查冠词在固定搭配中的使用：for a while中不定冠词缺失，以及by + 交通工具结构中冠词多余。 【详解】 60. while前加a：for a while为固定搭配，意为“一会儿”，while前必须加不定冠词a。 61. 去掉the：by bus表示“乘公交车”，by + 交通工具前不用冠词。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练，在编写中融入支架式教学理念，紧扣陕西职教单招英语真题考情，将冠词知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单，以挖空式讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础，再通过分层专项训练、真题溯源训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强，实操性好，为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径，高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是2027年陕西省（职教单招）《英语一轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为冠词。 2027年陕西省（职教单招） 《英语一轮讲练测》专项训练 专题05 冠词 目录 01 系列考点夯实练 02 核心突破提升练 03 真题溯源过关练 【考点1 不定冠词a/an：音素判断与泛指表达】 1. It takes me about ______ hour to finish the report. A. a B. an 2. This is ______ useful guide for new workers in the factory. A. a B. an 3. My uncle is ______ honest driver and everyone trusts him. A. a B. an 4. Students should do eye exercises twice ______ day. A. a B. an 5. There is ______ one-way street near the new market. A. a B. an 6. The school trip was ______ great success last week. A. a B. an 【考点2 定冠词the：特指、唯一与固定用法】 7. ______ Wang family are having dinner when I arrive. A. A B. An 8. ______ moon looks bright and round tonight. A. A B. An 9. The girl can play ______ violin very well. A. a B. an 10. ______ Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. A. A B. An 11. Tom is ______ first student to finish the task. A. a B. an 12. The nurse works by ______ hour in the community hospital. A. a B. an 【考点3 零冠词：三餐、球类、交通方式与头衔】 13. Many students go to school by ______ bike on sunny days. A. a B. an 14. After ______ breakfast, the workers began their daily meeting. A. a B. an 15. The boys often play ______ basketball after class. A. a B. an 16. Miss Li teaches ______ English in a vocational school. A. a B. an 17. Mr. Liu, ______ manager of the hotel, gave us a short speech. A. a B. an 18. The patient stayed in ______ hospital for two weeks. A. a B. an 【考点4 冠词综合辨析：固定搭配与语境判断】 19. I saw ______ old woman at the gate. ______ woman asked me for help. A. a; A B. an; The 20. He was in ______ hurry and forgot to take his notebook. A. a B. an 21. The students had ______ good time during the skills competition. A. a B. an 22. We waited for ______ while before the bus arrived. A. a B. an 23. ______ more carefully you check your work, ______ fewer mistakes you will make. A. A; a B. An; an 24. My cousin works in ______ front of the shop, welcoming customers every day. A. a B. an 一、单项选择 25. It is ______ unusual chance for us to visit the training center. A. a B. an 26. We should protect ______ environment and save water in daily life. A. a B. an 27. My brother usually goes to work on ______ foot. A. a B. an 28. What ______ interesting story the teacher told us this morning! A. a B. an 29. The visitors stood at ______ table and talked about the products. A. a B. an 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Good English writing is not only about long words. Small words can also make ____30____ big difference. Articles are among ____31____ smallest words in English, but they often show whether ____32____ noun is general or special. For many vocational school students, articles are difficult because Chinese does not use them in the same way. Last month, our English teacher gave us ____33____ writing task about school life. At first, I wrote, “I saw student fixing machine in workshop.” The teacher smiled and said, “Which student? Which machine?” Then she helped me change it into “I saw ____34____ student fixing ____35____ machine in the workshop.” Suddenly, the sentence became clearer. Since then, I have kept ____36____ small notebook for article mistakes. I write down phrases such as “play ____37____ piano”, “go to work by ____38____ bus” and “for ____39____ while”. The notebook is simple, but it helps me write more accurately. 30. A. a B. an C. the D. / 31. A. a B. an C. the D. / 32. A. a B. an C. the D. / 33. A. a B. an C. the D. / 34. A. a B. an C. the D. / 35. A. a B. an C. the D. / 36. A. a B. an C. the D. / 37. A. a B. an C. the D. / 38. A. a B. an C. the D. / 39. A. a B. an C. the D. / 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Many learners think articles are too small to matter, but in English they carry important information. The word “a” or “an” usually introduces one person or thing for the first time. The word “the” often points to something already known or something special. Zero article is also meaningful, especially before meals, sports, languages and transport expressions. A teacher in a vocational school once asked her class to compare two sentences: “I repaired machine” and “I repaired the machine.” Students quickly found that the second sentence was clearer because it referred to a particular machine. Then the teacher changed it to “I repaired a machine,” and students understood that the machine was mentioned for the first time. The teacher also encouraged students to remember article chunks instead of isolated rules. For example, they wrote down “have a rest,” “play the guitar,” “by bus,” and “in public.” These chunks helped students avoid common mistakes in multiple-choice questions and short error-correction tasks. After several weeks of practice, students became more careful in writing. They still made mistakes, but they could explain why “an hour” is correct and why “a useful tool” is also correct. The teacher believed that understanding sound, meaning and fixed expressions together was the best way to master articles. 40. What does “a” or “an” usually do in English? A. It introduces one person or thing for the first time. B. It always shows something special. C. It is used before every plural noun. D. It replaces all fixed expressions. 41. Why was “I repaired the machine” clearer than “I repaired machine”? A. Because it used a longer verb. B. Because it referred to a particular machine. C. Because it removed the noun. D. Because it used zero article correctly. 42. Which expression in the passage uses zero article? A. have a rest B. play the guitar C. by bus D. an hour 43. What helped students avoid common article mistakes? A. Memorizing only grammar terms. B. Writing longer sentences every day. C. Remembering article chunks. D. Avoiding all nouns in writing. 44. What is the best way to master articles according to the teacher? A. Learning sound, meaning and fixed expressions together. B. Using the in front of every noun. 四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的作文。如果原文正确，则在该行右边的横线上标注勾号（√）；如果原文有误（每行只有一处错误），则按下列方法将错误之处予以修改。 该行错词：在错词下划一横线（__），并在该行右边横线上写出修改后的词。 该行缺词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该行右边横线上写出添加的词。 Last Sunday, I went to park near my home with my cousin. ________45________ We took bus and arrived there at about eight o'clock. ________46________ It was a sunny morning, and the sky was clear. ________47________ In the park, we saw an old man playing guitar under a tree. ________48________ After walking for a while, we had the lunch on the grass. ________49________ My cousin brought a orange and a bottle of water. ________50________ A little boy near us was flying the kite happily. ________51________ Later, we met Mr. Chen, head of our school club. ________52________ He told us that exercise is good for the health. ________53________ We had wonderful time and decided to go there again. ________54________ 一、单项选择 55. （2025陕西职教单招第7小题）It will take about ______ hour to get here. A. a B. an C. the D. / 56. （2023陕西职教单招第16小题）______ Browns were having dinner when I called them. A. A B. An C. The D. / 57. （2021陕西职教单招第18小题）Don't be afraid to speak in ______ public. A. a B. an C. the D. / 58. （真题同类改编）The young worker made ______ decision to study computer skills. A. a B. an C. the D. / 59. （真题同类改编）Lily is ______ best student in the training group. A. a B. an C. the D. / 二、短文改错 （2022陕西职教单招短文改错第69小题）We talked for while before the meeting started. ________60________ （真题同类改编）She goes to work by the bus every morning. ________61________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $