Unit 6 语法讲解及习题：限制性定语从句（who _ which _ that）2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了译林九上Unit6限制性定语从句（who/which/that）内容，涵盖基础概念、关系代词用法、规则总结及必考易错点，搭建从概念理解到规则应用再到易错规避的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“关键核心规则总结表”清晰呈现关系代词指代对象、从句成分及省略规则，结合分层专项习题（单选、选词填空等五种题型）和逐题解析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特别标注“介词后不用that”等易错点，不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂教学或分层辅导，提升教学实效。

译林英语九上Unit6语法讲解及习题： 限制性定语从句（who / which / that） 1、 语法核心 本单元语法分为两部分： A Defining relative clauses 限制性定语从句概念 B Relative pronouns 关系代词 who /which/that 用法 （一）限制性定语从句基础概念 1. 功能：用来修饰前面的名词（先行词），相当于长形容词，去掉后主句意思不完整、指代不明。 2. 位置：定语从句永远放在先行词之后。 3. 标识：由关系代词 who /which/that 引导，既连接主句从句，又在从句内部充当主语 / 宾语。 4. 单元书画 / 书法话题教材例句： · A calligrapher is someone who practises writing with a brush. · The painting that I loved most was by Monet. （二）三大关系代词 who /which/that 用法区分 1. who 指代人，在从句中可作主语、宾语。 例句： The artist who draws Chinese landscape paintings is my hero.（who 指人，作从句主语） The painter who we met at the show is very famous.（who 指人，作从句宾语） 2. which 指代事物 / 物品，在从句中可作主语、宾语。 例句： The brush which is made of goat hair works well for light ink.（which 指物，主语） This is the ink stone which I bought yesterday.（which 指物，宾语） 3. that 万能关系代词，既可指人，也可指物，在从句作主 / 宾； ⚠️ 注意：介词后面不能用 that，只能用 who/which。 例句： The calligrapher that we admire is Wang Xizhi.（指人） The scroll that hangs on the wall is thousands of years old.（指物） （三）关键核心规则总结表 关系代词 指代对象 从句成分 能否省略（作宾语时） who 人 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 which 事物 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 that 人 + 事物 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可省，作主语不可省 （四）必考易错点 1. 先行词是人，从句缺主语：只能用 who/that，不能用 which 2. 先行词是物，从句缺主语：只能用 which/that，不能用 who 3. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时，who/which/that 可以直接省略；作主语绝对不能省 4. 限制性定语从句不能用逗号和主句隔开（逗号后是非限制性定语从句，九上暂不考） 5. 教材原文考点提示：如果删掉限制性定语从句，句子信息残缺、表意不清 二、分层专项练习题 题型一：单项选择 1. Wang Xizhi is a calligrapher _________people all over China respect. A. which B. who C. whose D. what 2. This is the ink stone _________my grandfather used when he painted. A. who B. whose C. which D. what 3. The lady _________stands in front of the painting is our art teacher. A. who B. which C. whose D. when 4. All the works _________are on show come from ancient Chinese artists. A. who B. which C. what D. where 5. —Do you know the painter _________drew this mountain painting? —Yes, he is a local artist. A. which B. who C. whose D. when 6. The brush _________lies on the desk can create beautiful calligraphy. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 7. We love the art show _________takes place at Sunshine Museum every year. A. who B. which C. whose D. what 8. Any artist _________keeps practising will make great progress in painting. A. who B. which C. whose D. when 9. The scroll _________I bought last week has soft colours of peach blossoms. A. who B. whose C. which D. where 10. Those _________enjoy Chinese ink painting will love this museum. A. which B. who C. whose D. when 11. This is the best painting _________I have ever seen in the city gallery. A. who B. which C. that D. whose 12. The people _________we met at the show all like traditional brush art. A. which B. who/that C. whose D. what 题型二：选词填空 1. The artist _________we will meet tomorrow paints wonderful countryside scenes. 2. The ink _________comes from natural plants smells light and fresh. 3. Everyone _________loves calligraphy knows the story of Wang Xizhi. 4. The posters _________are on the wall introduce the museum art show. 5. The old brush _________my grandma kept for years is still usable. 6. Painters _________use water ink create quiet and beautiful pictures. 题型三：合并句子 1. I saw a landscape painting. It was drawn by Yan Zhenqing. (which) 2. The girl won the painting competition. She loves ink art. (who) 3. This is the ink stone. My father bought it last spring. (that) 4. The show will start at 9 a.m. It takes place in Sunshine Museum. (which) 5. We talked with an artist. He uses mud as ink to practise writing. (who) 6. The brushes are soft. They are used for drawing small flowers. (that) 题型四：单句改错 1. The painting which stands by the window is very colourful. 错误：_________改正：_________ 2. The man who draws mountains he is my favourite painter. 错误：_________改正：_________ 3. All brushes who we use are made of animal hair. 错误：_________改正：_________ 4. This is the artist which we learn about in art class. 错误：_________改正：_________ 5. The scroll that it hangs on the wall is over 200 years old. 错误：_________改正：_________ 题型五：中英互译 1. The calligrapher who washed brushes in the pond was Wang Xizhi. 中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是那支能画出柔和桃花的毛笔。(which) 英文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 3. The art show that takes place at Sunshine Museum attracts lots of students. 中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 4. 每一位热爱国画的人都会欣赏这幅山水作品。(who) 英文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________ 三、习题完整答案 + 逐题解析 题型一：单项选择 1. B 解析：先行词 calligrapher 是人，关系代词用 who/that。 2. C 解析：先行词 ink stone 是物品，用 which/that。 3. A 解析：先行词 the lady 是人，从句缺主语，用 who。 4. B 解析：先行词 works（画作）是事物，用 which/that。 5. B 解析：先行词 painter 是人，用 who。 6. C 解析：先行词 brush 是物品，从句缺主语，用 which。 7. B 解析：先行词 art show 是事物，用 which/that。 8. A 解析：先行词 artist 是人，从句缺主语，用 who。 9. C 解析：先行词 scroll 画卷是物品，用 which/that。 10. B 解析：先行词 those 指代人（那些人），只能用 who。 11. C 解析：先行词被最高级 the best 修饰，只能用 that，不能用 which。 12. B 解析：先行词 the people 是人，作从句宾语，who/that 均可。 题型二：选词填空 1. who /that 解析：先行词 artist 是人，作 met 的宾语。 2. which /that 解析：先行词 ink 墨水是物品。 3. who /that 解析：先行词 everyone 指代人。 4. which /that 解析：先行词 posters 海报是物品。 5. which /that 解析：先行词 brush 毛笔是物品。 6. who /that 解析：先行词 painters 画家是人。 题型三：合并句子 1. I saw a landscape painting which was drawn by Yan Zhenqing. 解析：which 指代 painting，在从句作主语。 2. The girl who loves ink art won the painting competition. 解析：who 指代 the girl，从句缺主语。 3. This is the ink stone that my father bought last spring. 解析：that 指代 ink stone，作 bought 宾语。 4. The show which takes place in Sunshine Museum will start at 9 a.m. 解析：which 指代 the show，从句缺主语。 5. We talked with an artist who uses mud as ink to practise writing. 解析：who 指代 artist，从句缺主语。 6. The brushes that are used for drawing small flowers are soft. 解析：that 指代 brushes，从句缺主语。 题型四：单句改错 1. 错误：which；改正：who/that 解析：先行词 painting 错误，逻辑上站窗边的是人，此处先行词应为 the artist/the girl，指人不用 which。 2. 错误：he；去掉 he 解析：who 已经指代 the man 在从句作主语，不能重复加 he。 3. 错误：who；改正：which/that 解析：先行词 brushes 是物品，不用 who。 4. 错误：which；改正：who/that 解析：先行词 artist 是人，不用 which。 5. 错误：it；去掉 it 解析：that 已经指代 scroll 在从句作主语，重复 it 多余。 题型五：中英互译 1. 翻译：那位在池塘里洗毛笔的书法家是王羲之。 2. 翻译：This is the writing brush which can draw soft peach blossoms. 3. 翻译：这场在阳光博物馆举办的艺术展吸引了很多学生。 4. 翻译：Everyone who loves Chinese ink painting will admire this landscape work. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $