Unit 7 Happy Birthday!暑期预习-单元重点知识2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

2026-07-08
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人教版七年级上册英语 Unit 7 Happy Birthday! 重点知识梳理 新课标 · 全面提升 重点单词 重点单词讲解 重点短语 重点短语讲解 重点句型 重点句型讲解 重要知识点 重要知识点讲解 一、重点单词 (Key Words) 【1. 月份 Months(12个)】 单词 音标 词性 释义 January /ˈdʒænjuəri/ n. 一月 February /ˈfebruəri/ n. 二月 March /mɑːtʃ/ n. 三月 April /ˈeɪprəl/ n. 四月 May /meɪ/ n. 五月 June /dʒuːn/ n. 六月 July /dʒuˈlaɪ/ n. 七月 August /ɔːˈɡəst/ n. 八月 September /sepˈtembə(r)/ n. 九月 October /ɒkˈtəʊbə(r)/ n. 十月 November /nəʊˈvembə(r)/ n. 十一月 December /dɪˈsembə(r)/ n. 十二月 【2. 序数词 Ordinal Numbers 与数字】 单词 音标 词性/含义 备注 first / 1st /fɜːst/ 第一 序数词,表示顺序 second / 2nd /ˈsekənd/ 第二 序数词 third / 3rd /θɜːd/ 第三 序数词(注意拼写变化) fourth / 4th /fɔːθ/ 第四 序数词 fifth / 5th /fɪfθ/ 第五 序数词(ve→f) eighth / 8th /eɪtθ/ 第八 序数词(只加th) ninth / 9th /naɪnθ/ 第九 序数词(e去掉) twelfth / 12th /twelfθ/ 第十二 序数词(ve→f) twentieth / 20th /ˈtwentiəθ/ 第二十 ty变为tie+th twenty-first / 21st / 第二十一 复合序数词,只变末位 thirtieth / 30th /ˈθɜːtiəθ/ 第三十 ty变为tie+th kilo /ˈkiːləʊ/ n. 千克;公斤(kilogram的简称) yuan /juˈɑːn/ n. 元(中国货币单位) total /ˈtəʊtl/ n./adj. 总计;全部的 sale /seɪl/ n. 促销;销售;降价出售 【3. 生日庆祝 Birthday Celebrations】 单词 音标 词性 释义 birthday /ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ n. 生日 celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝;庆贺 celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ n. 庆祝;庆祝活动 party /ˈpɑːti/ n. 聚会;派对 gift /ɡɪft/ n. 礼物 cake /keɪk/ n. 蛋糕 candle /ˈkændl/ n. 蜡烛 blow /bləʊ/ v. 吹(气) make a wish 短语 许愿 noodle /ˈnuːdl/ n. 面条(常用复数 noodles) chocolate /ˈtʃɒklɪt/ n. 巧克力 balloon /bəˈluːn/ n. 气球 candy /ˈkændi/ n. 糖果(复数 candies) meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 有意义的 symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 象征;标志 mark /mɑːk/ v. 做标记;标记(高度等) height /haɪt/ n. 身高;高度 plant /plɑːnt/ v./n. 种植;植物 grow /ɡrəʊ/ v. 生长;成长 remember /rɪˈmembə(r)/ v. 记得;记住 fun /fʌn/ adj./n. 有趣的;乐趣 together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ adv. 一起;共同 village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄;乡村 【4. 购物 Shopping】 单词 音标 词性 释义 shop /ʃɒp/ n./v. 商店;购物 buy /baɪ/ v. 买;购买 price /praɪs/ n. 价格;价钱 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的 bottle /ˈbɒtl/ n. 瓶;一瓶的量 kilo /ˈkiːləʊ/ n. 千克;公斤 【5. 疑问词与其他重要词汇】 单词/短语 音标 词性 释义 when /wen/ adv./conj. 什么时候;何时 how old / 短语 多大(年龄) how much / 短语 多少钱;多少(不可数) how many / 短语 多少(可数名词复数) why /waɪ/ adv. 为什么 who /huː/ pron. 谁 where /weə(r)/ adv. 在哪里 what /wɒt/ pron./adj. 什么 old /əʊld/ adj. ……岁的;旧的;老的 special /ˈspeʃl/ adj. 特别的;特殊的 famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj. 著名的;有名的 nurse /nɜːs/ n. 护士 found /faʊnd/ v. 建立;创立(find的过去式/分词) national /ˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国家的;民族的 language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ n. 语言 二、重点 phrases 1. Happy Birthday! → 生日快乐! 2. on one's birthday → 在某人的生日 3. When is your birthday? → 你的生日是什么时候? 4. It's on + 日期 → 它在……(回答日期) 5. How old are you? → 你多大了? 6. I'm ... (years old). → 我……岁。 7. eat birthday noodles → 吃长寿面(生日面) 8. long noodles → 长面条(长寿面的象征) 9. a symbol of long life → 长寿的象征 10. have a birthday party → 举办生日派对 11. take photos → 拍照;照相 12. take a photo with sb. → 和某人合影 13. open birthday gifts / presents → 打开生日礼物 14. have a birthday cake → 吃生日蛋糕 15. make a wish → 许愿 16. blow out the candles → 吹灭蜡烛 17. sing "Happy Birthday" song → 唱《生日快乐》歌 18. plant a tree → 种一棵树 19. watch it grow → 看着它生长 20. mark one's height on the door → 在门上标记某人的身高 21. a meaningful way to celebrate → 一种有意义的庆祝方式 22. Can I help you? → 我能帮你吗?(店员招呼语) 23. How much is / are ...? → ……多少钱? 24. How much does it cost? → 它要多少钱? 25. How many kilos do you want? → 你要几千克? 26. Six yuan a kilo → 六元一公斤 27. Five yuan a bottle → 五元一瓶 28. What's the total? → 一共多少钱? 29. We have a sale today. → 我们今天有促销活动。 30. It comes with some candles. → 它附带一些蜡烛。 31. I'll take it. → 我买了。/ 我要这个。 32. in British English / American English → 在英式英语/美式英语中 33. a famous nurse → 一位著名的护士 34. English Language Day → 英语日 35. International Nurses' Day → 国际护士节 36. National Day → 国庆节 37. CPC Founding Day → 中国共产党成立纪念日 38. PLA Day → 建军节 39. School Founding Day → 校庆日 40. Every birthday is a gift of life. → 每一个生日都是生命的礼物。 三、重点 sentences 1. — When is your birthday? — It's on 13th June. → —— 你的生日是什么时候?—— 是6月13日。 2. — How old are you? — I'm twelve / I'm 12 (years old). → —— 你多大了?—— 我12岁。 3. — When is Helen's birthday? — Her birthday is on 12th June. → —— Helen 的生日是什么时候?—— 她的生日是6月12日。 4. — How old is she? — She is 14 years old. → —— 她多大了?—— 她14岁。 5. — Good morning. Can I help you? → —— 早上好。有什么可以帮您吗? 6. — How much is this birthday cake? — It's 85 yuan. → —— 这个生日蛋糕多少钱?—— 85元。 7. — How much are those oranges? — Six yuan a kilo. → —— 那些橘子多少钱?—— 六元一公斤。 8. — How many kilos do you want? — Five kilos, please. → —— 你要几公斤?—— 请来五公斤。 9. — What's the total? — 165 yuan. → —— 一共多少钱?—— 165元。 10. — We have a sale today. It's 85 yuan, and it comes with some candles. → —— 我们今天有特价。85元,还带蜡烛。 11. My birthday is on 13th June. On that day, I always eat birthday noodles with eggs. → 我的生日是6月13日。那天,我总是吃鸡蛋生日面。 12. Long noodles are a symbol of long life. → 长面是长寿的象征。 13. Every year, my family and I take a photo together under the big tree in our village. → 每年,我和家人在我们村里的大树下合影。 14. I like taking photos because they help me remember fun times with my family. → 我喜欢拍照,因为照片帮我回忆和家人在一起的快乐时光。 15. This year, I want to plant a small tree for my 14th birthday. → 今年,我想为我的14岁生日种一棵小树。 16. I'd like to watch it grow with me. → 我想看着它和我一起长大。 17. It's a great idea to plant a tree for your birthday! → 生日时种一棵树是个好主意! 18. My birthday is on 28th July. I usually have a party with my friends to celebrate. → 我的生日是7月28日。我通常和朋友们开派对庆祝。 19. My mother always makes my favourite chocolate cake. → 我妈妈总是给我做我最喜欢的巧克力蛋糕。 20. Everyone sings the "Happy Birthday" song, and then I make a wish and blow out the candles. → 大家一起唱《生日快乐》歌,然后我许愿并吹灭蜡烛。 21. Next, we enjoy the cake, and I open all my gifts. → 接下来,我们享用蛋糕,我打开所有的礼物。 22. My father marks my height on the door every year. → 我爸爸每年都在门上标记我的身高。 23. It's fun to look at the marks later. → 以后看这些标记很有趣。 24. We celebrate William Shakespeare's birthday, 23rd April, as English Language Day. → 我们把威廉·莎士比亚的生日(4月23日)作为英语日来庆祝。 25. International Nurses' Day is on 12th May. It marks the birthday of Florence Nightingale. → 国际护士节是5月12日。它标志着弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的生日。 四、sentence pattern explanation 【1. 询问生日日期:When is...? / When is your/sb.'s birthday?】 【结构】When is + 主语's / one's + birthday? 【答语】It's on + 月份 + 序数词 (日期). 【例句】 • When is your birthday? — It's on 13th June. • When is Helen's birthday? — Her birthday is on 12th June. • When is Teng Fei's father's birthday? — It's on 9th January. 【注意】介词 on 用于具体日期前(on 2nd August),不加冠词 a/an。 月份首字母必须大写(June, July, August 等)。 【2. 询问年龄:How old are you / is he/she...?】 【结构】How old + be动词 + 主语? 【答语】主语 + be + 数字 (+ years old). (years old 可省略) 【例句】 • How old are you? — I'm 12 (years old). • How old is Helen? — She's 14 years old. • How old is Ms Gao's husband? — He's 45 years old. 【注意】be动词随主语变化:I用am,you用are,he/she/is用is,they/we用are。 【3. 询问价格:How much...? vs 询问数量:How many...?】 【How much 用法】 ① 询问价格(多少钱): • How much is this birthday cake? — It's 85 yuan. • How much are those oranges? — Six yuan a kilo. ② 询问不可数名词数量: • How much yogurt do you want? 【How many 用法】 询问可数名词复数的数量: • How many kilos do you want? — Five kilos, please. • How many bottles of yogurt? — Ten bottles, please. 【关键区别】much 接不可数名词 / many 接可数名词复数 【4. 购物场景完整表达】 【店员开场】Can I help you? / Good morning. Can I help you? 【顾客表达需求】I'd like... / I want... / Do you have...? 【询问价格】How much is/are...? / How much does it cost? 【描述单价】Six yuan a kilo. / Five yuan a bottle. / 85 yuan each. 【说明数量】Five kilos, please. / Ten bottles, please. 【询问总价】What's the total? / How much is it altogether? 【决定购买】I'll take it. / We'll take it. 【感谢告别】Thank you! Have a nice day! 【本单元完整购物对话模板】 Teng Fei & Peter 为 Ella 和 Emma 的生日派对采购: - 生日蛋糕:85 元(附赠蜡烛) - 橘子:6 元/公斤 × 5 公斤 = 30 元 - 酸奶:5 元/瓶 × 10 瓶 = 50 元 - 合计:165 元 【5. 描述生日庆祝活动的表达】 【饮食类表达】 • eat birthday noodles with eggs 吃鸡蛋生日面 • Long noodles are a symbol of long life. 长面是长寿的象征。 • have a birthday cake / enjoy the cake 吃/享用生日蛋糕 • make my favourite chocolate cake 做我最爱的巧克力蛋糕 【仪式类表达】 • take a photo with family 和家人合影 • make a wish 许愿 • blow out the candles 吹灭蜡烛 • sing "Happy Birthday" song 唱生日歌 • open all my gifts 打开所有礼物 • plant a small tree 种一棵小树 【纪念类表达】 • mark my height on the door 在门上标记身高 • watch it grow with me 看着它和我一起长大 • remember fun times with my family 回忆家庭欢乐时光 五、key knowledge points explanation 【1. 日期的表达法(Dates Expression)】 一、十二个月份(Months) January (Jan.) 一月 February (Feb.) 二月 March (Mar.) 三月 April (Apr.) 四月 May 五月 June (Jun.) 六月 July (Jul.) 七月 August (Aug.) 八月 September (Sep.) 九月 October (Oct.) 十月 November (Nov.) 十一月 December (Dec.) 十二月 二、序数词(Ordinal Numbers) 基数词表示数量(one, two, three),序数词表示顺序(first, second, third)。 【序数词构成规则表】 | 基数词 | 序数词 | 缩写 | 变化规则 | |--------|--------|------|----------| | 1 | first | 1st | 不规则 | | 2 | second | 2nd | 不规则 | | 3 | third | 3rd | 不规则 | | 4 | fourth | 4th | 直接加 th | | 5 | fifth | 5th | ve → f + th | | 8 | eighth | 8th | 直接加 th(不是 eightth)| | 9 | ninth | 9th | 去 e 加 th | | 12 | twelfth | 12th | ve → f + th | | 20 | twentieth | 20th | y → ie + th | | 21 | twenty-first | 21st | 只把末位变成序数词 | 三、英式与美式日期格式对比 | 格式类型 | 示例 | 使用地区 | |----------|------|----------| | 英式(British) | 2nd August / 2 August | 英国、澳大利亚等 | | 美式(American) | August 2nd / August 2 | 美国、加拿大等 | 四、完整日期表达 • on 2nd August / on August 2nd(具体日期前用 on) • in August / in July(只说月份用 in) • in 2026 / in June 2026(年份或年月用 in) 【教材实例】 • It's on 2nd August.(Grammar Focus) • My birthday is on 13th June.(Yu Xiaoming 帖文) • My birthday is on 28th July.(Judy Clark 帖文) • On 23rd April, as English Language Day.(特殊生日阅读) 【2. 疑问词综合运用(Wh- Questions Summary)】 本单元 Grammar Focus 集中了八种疑问词的使用: | 疑问词 | 用途 | 例句 | 回答类型 | |--------|------|------|----------| | when | 问时间 | When is your birthday? | 时间/日期 | | how old | 问年龄 | How old are you? | 年龄数字 | | what | 问事物 | What do you want to do? | 动作/物品 | | how much | 问价格/不可数 | How much is the cake? | 价格/数量 | | how many | 问可数数量 | How many kilos? | 数量数字 | | who | 问人物 | Who do you celebrate with? | 人物名称 | | where | 问地点 | Where do you celebrate? | 地点 | | why | 问原因 | Why do people eat noodles? | 原因(because)| 【Grammar Focus 3b 完整答案】 1. When is your mum's birthday? → F: It's on 15th July. 2. How many balloons do you want? → D: I want 10. 3. What do you want for a birthday gift? → C: To wish for a long life. 4. Who is your father? → G: He's 45 years old. 5. What are the birthday card and the doll? → A: A new pair of shoes. 6. Who do you celebrate your birthday with? → B: With parents. 7. Where is Mrs Green from? → E: She's from Australia. 8. Why do people eat birthday noodles? → H: 55 yuan. 【3. 购物用语详解(Shopping Expressions)】 【核心句型】 ① 询问价格: • How much is + 单数名词? → It's + 价格. How much is this birthday cake? — It's 85 yuan. • How much are + 复数名词? → They're + 价格. How much are those oranges? — Six yuan a kilo. ② 询问数量: • How many + 可数名词复数 + do you want? How many kilos do you want? — Five kilos, please. ③ 表达单价: • 价格 + a / per + 计量单位 Six yuan a kilo. / Five yuan a bottle. ④ 决定购买: • I'll take it. / We'll take it. ⑤ 店员常用语: • Can I help you? 有什么可以帮您的? • We have a sale today. 我们今天有优惠。 • It comes with... 它附带…… ⑥ 顾客常用语: • I'm just looking. 我只是看看。 • Do you have...? 你们有……吗? • That's too expensive. 太贵了。 【本单元购物对话中的关键词汇】 birthday cake(生日蛋糕)、orange(s)(橙子)、yogurt(酸奶)、 candle(s)(蜡烛)、kilo(千克)、bottle(瓶)、yuan(元)、 total(合计)、sale(促销/打折) 【4. 特殊生日与节日文化知识】 一、中国的生日习俗(本单元课文呈现) • 吃生日面(birthday noodles with eggs):长面 = 长寿的象征(symbol of long life) • 在门上标记身高(mark height on the door):记录成长轨迹 • 种树过生日(plant a tree):寓意生命成长,与孩子一同长大 二、西方的生日习俗(Judy Clark 帖文) • 开生日派对(have a party with friends) • 唱"Happy Birthday"歌 → 许愿(make a wish)→ 吹蜡烛(blow out candles) • 吃蛋糕(enjoy the cake) • 打开礼物(open gifts) 三、以名人/事件命名的特殊"生日" • 4月23日 = William Shakespeare(莎士比亚)的生日 = **English Language Day**(英语日) • 5月12日 = Florence Nightingale(南丁格尔)的生日 = **International Nurses' Day**(国际护士节) 四、中国的重要节日(本单元 Project) • National Day 国庆节(10月1日) • CPC Founding Day 中国共产党成立纪念日(7月1日) • PLA Day 建军节(8月1日) • School Founding Day 校庆日 五、单元主题金句 Every birthday is a gift of life. 每一个生日都是生命的礼物。 【5. 语音知识:辅音音素 /h/, /r/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /w/, /j/】 本单元 Pronunciation 板块聚焦八个辅音音素: | 音素 | 发音要点 | 单词示例 | |------|----------|----------| | /h/ | 声门摩擦音,气流从声门逸出 | how, house, who | | /r/ | 卷舌近音,舌尖卷起 | right, read, price | | /l/ | 舌边音,舌尖抵上齿龈 | let, help, will | | /m/ | 双唇鼻音,双唇闭合 | May, climb, swim | | /n/ | 齿龈鼻音,舌尖抵齿龈 | ninth, hundred, win | | /ŋ/ | 软腭鼻音,舌后部抬起 | thing, wing, tank | | /w/ | 半元音/滑音,双唇收圆 | week, sweet, when | | /j/ | 半元音/滑音,舌前部抬高 | yes, year, yogurt | 【语音练习要点】 • 注意句子中的语调(intonation):疑问句通常用升调,陈述句用降调 • 重读关键词(疑问词、时间、数字、名词) • 连读技巧:辅音结尾 + 元音开头 → 自然连接 【趣味对话语调标注】 A: Can I ask you some ↗questions? B: ↘Sure. Go ↗ahead. A: When is your ↗birthday? B: On 23rd ↘July. A: Which ↗year? B: Every ↘year. A: What do you always get on your ↗birthday? B: One year ↘older. 【6. 论坛帖子写作格式(Forum Post Format)】 【标准论坛帖文格式】 By: 用户名 on 日期 时间 #楼层数 【正文内容】 【Yu Xiaoming 帖文结构分析】 1. 开头:My birthday is on + 日期。(点明主题) 2. 传统活动:always eat...(每年固定做的事) 3. 文化含义:Long noodles are a symbol of...(解释原因) 4. 年度习惯:Every year, my family and I...(家庭传统) 5. 个人喜好:I like... because...(表达偏好) 6. 今年计划:This year, I want to...(新想法) 7. 互动结尾:When is your birthday? How do you celebrate it?(提问互动) 【Judy Clark 帖文结构分析】 1. 回应他人:It's a great idea to...!(评价对方建议) 2. 自述信息:My birthday is on... I usually... 3. 过程描述:Everyone sings..., then I..., Next..., and I... 4. 家庭特色:My father... every year.(独特传统) 5. 感受表达:It's fun to...(个人感受) 6. 征求意见:Any good ideas?(开放讨论) 六、Writing Topic: 如何度过一个有意义的生日 【写作任务】根据本单元所学,写一篇关于如何庆祝生日的短文或论坛回帖。 【写作框架(Mind Map 参考)】 Celebrating my birthday ├── When(什么时候) ├── What to prepare(准备什么) ├── Where to go(去哪里) ├── With whom(和谁一起) ├── What to do(做什么活动) └── How I feel(感受如何) 【参考范文】 By: Li Hua on 08/07 6:30 PM #3 I think it's a good idea to plant a tree for your birthday. My birthday is on 15th October. I usually have dinner with my family to celebrate it. I do this because family time is very important to me. On my birthday, my mum always cooks my favourite food — dumplings and fish. After dinner, we sing "Happy Birthday" together. Then I make a wish and blow out the candles on my birthday cake. My dad always gives me a book as a gift because I love reading. But this year, I want to do something different. I want to visit an old people's home with my classmates. We can sing songs and tell stories to the elderly people there. I think helping others on my birthday makes it more meaningful. Every birthday is indeed a gift of life, and sharing that gift with others is the best way to celebrate it. 【范文点评】 ✓ 开头回应用户观点(It's a good idea to...) ✓ 点明生日日期(My birthday is on 15th October) ✓ 描述传统庆祝方式(usually have dinner with family) ✓ 说明原因(because family time is important) ✓ 详细过程描写(cook favourite food → sing → make a wish → blow out candles → open gift) ✓ 今年新计划(want to do something different → visit old people's home) ✓ 升华主题(helping others... more meaningful) ✓ 引用单元金句(Every birthday is a gift of life) 【写作 Checklist 自检】 □ 是否使用了正确的日期表达法(月份 + 序数词)? □ 介词是否正确(on + 具体日期)? □ 一般现在时的第三人称单数是否正确(cooks/gives/makes)? □ 是否包含至少 5 个本单元重点短语? □ 是否有个人独特的庆祝方式(not just eating cake)? □ 结尾是否有感悟或升华(meaningful / gift of life)? 第 1 页 共 23 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 7 Happy Birthday!暑期预习-单元重点知识2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit 7 Happy Birthday!暑期预习-单元重点知识2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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Unit 7 Happy Birthday!暑期预习-单元重点知识2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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