Unit2语法(一般现在时)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年沪教版英语七年级上册暑假衔接预习

Unit2 School life语法讲解与练习 一般现在时（Present Simple Tense）全讲解 一、一般现在时 四大核心用法（必考） 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作（单元主打用法） 用来描述日常校园生活、作息、常态行为，常搭配频度副词。 常见标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day, every morning, on weekdays 例句：I walk to school every day. 我每天步行上学。 例句：She studies hard at school. 她在学校努力学习。 2. 现在的状态、性格、喜好 表示人或事物目前稳定的状态、特征、爱好。 例句：Our school is big and beautiful. 我们的学校又大又漂亮。 例句：He likes his school life. 他喜欢校园生活。 3. 客观事实、真理、规章制度 不受时间限制，永远成立的事实、真理、校规、常识。 例句：The school starts at 8 a.m. 学校早上八点开始上课。（校规常态） 例句：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。（客观真理） 4. 固定安排、既定日程 表示课程、作息、活动的固定安排。 例句：We have six classes every school day. 我们每天上六节课。 二、两大句式体系（考试核心） 一般现在时分两类：be动词型、实义动词型 （一）be动词型（am / is / are） 1. 肯定句 公式：主语 + am/is/are + 表语 口诀：I用am，you用are，he/she/it单用is，复数全部都用are 例句：I am a Grade Seven student. 例句：My school is great. 例句：They are in Class Two. 2. 否定句 公式：主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他 例句：I am not late for school. 例句：He is not (isn’t) in the classroom. 3. 一般疑问句 公式：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语+be. / No, 主语+be not. 例句：— Is your school life interesting? — Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. （二）实义动词型（行为动词，like/study/have/play等） 重点：三单变形+助动词do/does用法 1. 肯定句 ① 非三单（I/you/we/复数名词）：主语 +动词原形 例句：We have lunch at school. ② 三单（he/she/it/单数人名/单数名词）：主语 + 动词三单s/es 例句：He has lunch at school. 例句：My school starts at 8:00. 2. 否定句（必考易错） 公式：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 ① 非三单：do not (don’t) + 动原 例句：I don’t go to school on weekends. ② 三单：does not (doesn’t) + 必须还原动词原形 例句：She doesn’t like PE lessons.（❌doesn’t likes） 3. 一般疑问句 公式：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ ① 非三单：Do + 主语 + 动原？ 例句：Do you have math class every day? ② 三单：Does + 主语 + 动原？ 例句：Does he study English well? ✅ 回答口诀：用什么问，用什么答 Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 三、动词第三人称单数变化规则（单元重中之重） 1. 规则变化 ① 一般情况：直接加 -s like→likes, play→plays, start→starts ② 以 s / x / ch / sh / o 结尾：加 -es watch→watches, wash→washes, fix→fixes, go→goes, do→does ③ 辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i 加 -es study→studies, fly→flies ⚠️ 元音字母(a/e/i/o/u)+y结尾：直接加s play→plays, stay→stays 2. 不规则变化 have → has do → does go-goes 四、单元高频时间标志词（看到就用一般现在时） 1. 频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2. 时间短语：every day, every morning, every night, on weekdays, every school day 3. 常态类：usually, in general, often 五、考试高频易错陷阱 1. 三单否定/疑问忘记还原动词 ❌ What does he likes? ✅ What does he like? ❌ He doesn’t goes to school late. ✅ He doesn’t go to school late. 2. 主语是单数名词/不定代词，当做非三单 My school starts at 8 a.m.（school单数，三单） Everyone studies hard.（everyone谓语用三单） 3. be动词和实义动词混用 ❌ He is go to school every day. ✅ He goes to school every day. 4. have/has 乱用 I/You/We/They have He/She/It/单数 has 六、单元校园话题经典例句（背诵版） 1. My school life is busy but colourful. 我的校园生活忙碌但丰富多彩。 2. We have seven classes every weekday. 我们工作日每天有七节课。 3. The morning class starts at 8 o’clock. 早上八点开始上课。 4. I usually do after-school activities. 我通常参加课外活动。 5. She doesn’t like doing homework at weekends. 她不喜欢周末写作业。 6. Do you enjoy your school life? 你喜欢你的校园生活吗？ 七、极简满分口诀 一般现在表常态，习惯真理和状态；主语三单动词变，s/es 结尾带； 否定疑问加does，后面动词要还原；非三单用do，原形永远不会变； be动词单独看，疑问否定直接搬。 【巩固练习】 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I ________ (go) to school at 7:00 every morning. 2. My school ________ (start) at 8 o’clock on weekdays. 3. She ________ (not like) doing homework after school. 4. Tom usually ________ (study) hard at school. 5. We ________ (have) six classes every school day. 6. His brother ________ (watch) TV every evening. 7. The sun ________ (rise) in the east. 8. Amy ________ (not do) after-school activities on weekends. 9. Do you ________ (enjoy) your school life? 10. My teacher always ________ (help) us with our lessons. 11. The students ________ (play) basketball after school every day. 12. Does your father ________ (walk) to work? 13. Everyone in our class ________ (be) very friendly. 14. Simon ________ (have) lunch at school from Monday to Friday. 15. They seldom ________ (stay) at school after 5 p.m. 二、单项选择 1. My school life ______ busy but interesting. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. He ______ to school by bike every day. A. go B. goes C. going D. went 3. — ______ your mother watch TV every night? — No, she ______. A. Do; don’t B. Does; doesn’t C. Is; isn’t D. Does; don’t 4. She ______ like PE lessons, because she thinks they are tiring. A. isn’t B. don’t C. doesn’t D. didn’t 5. Tom usually ______ up early on school days. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting 6. We ______ any classes on Sundays. A. don’t have B. doesn’t have C. have not D. not have 7. The school ______ at 5:00 p.m. every day. A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. finishing 8. — ______ do you go to school? — At 7:00 every morning. A. What B. How C. When D. Where 9. My brother ______ basketball very well. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play 10. Everyone ______ a happy school life in our class. A. have B. has C. is D. are 11. ______ you usually do your homework at school? A. Do B. Does C. Are D. Is 12. He ______ late for school. He is a good student. A. isn’t B. doesn’t C. don’t D. wasn’t 13. Amy ______ her homework after school every day. A. do B. does C. did D. doing 14. There ______ many kinds of after-school activities in our school. A. is B. are C. have D. has 15. — Does your sister like her school? — ______. A. Yes, she is B. No, she isn’t C. Yes, she does D. No, she don’t 三、句型转换 1. I go to school on foot every day.（改为一般疑问句） ____________________________________________________ 2. She likes her school life very much.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________ 3. My school starts at 8:00 a.m.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________ 4. Tom has lunch at school.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ____________________________________________________ 5. We do after-school activities every afternoon.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________ 6. His brother watches TV every evening.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________ 7. They are busy on weekdays.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________ 8. Amy studies hard at school.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________ 9. He often plays basketball after school.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________ 10. My teachers are very kind.（改为一般疑问句） ____________________________________________________ 四、汉译英翻译 1. 我每天七点去上学。 ____________________________________________________ 2. 我的学校生活既忙碌又有趣。 ____________________________________________________ 3. 他不在学校吃午饭。 ____________________________________________________ 4. 我们工作日有七节课。 ____________________________________________________ 5. 她放学后经常做课外活动。 ____________________________________________________ 6. 你喜欢你的校园生活吗？ ____________________________________________________ 7. 我的老师总是乐于助人。 ____________________________________________________ 8. 学校早上八点开始上课。 ____________________________________________________ 9. 他们周末不上学。 ____________________________________________________ 10. 汤姆每天在学校努力学习。 ____________________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. go 解析：主语I为非三单，一般现在时用动词原形。 2. starts 解析：主语my school为单数三单，动词变三单加s。 3. doesn’t like 解析：主语she为三单，否定用doesn’t+动词原形。 4. studies 解析：主语Tom三单，辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es。 5. have 解析：主语we为复数，用动词原形。 6. watches 解析：以ch结尾，三单形式加es。 7. rises 解析：客观真理，永远用一般现在时，主语三单加s。 8. doesn’t do 解析：主语Amy三单，否定助动词doesn’t，do还原原形。 9. enjoy 解析：一般疑问句助动词Do提前，动词用原形。 10. helps 解析：主语my teacher单数三单，动词加s。 11. play 解析：主语students复数，用原形。 12. walk 解析：Does引导疑问句，后面动词还原原形。 13. is 解析：everyone作主语，谓语动词用单数is。 14. has 解析：主语Simon三单，have不规则三单变为has。 15. stay 解析：主语they复数，seldom频度副词，用动词原形。 二、单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C 三、句型转换 1. Do you go to school on foot every day? 2. She doesn’t like her school life very much. 3. When does your school start? 4. Does Tom have lunch at school? Yes, he does. 5. When do you do after-school activities? 6. His brother doesn’t watch TV every evening. 7. They are not busy on weekdays. 8. How does Amy study at school? 9. What does he often do after school? 10. Are your teachers very kind? 四、汉译英翻译 1. I go to school at seven every day. 2. My school life is busy and interesting. 3. He doesn’t have lunch at school. 4. We have seven classes on weekdays. 5. She often does after-school activities after school. 6. Do you like your school life? 7. My teachers are always helpful. 8. The school starts at eight o’clock in the morning. 9. They don’t go to school on weekends. 10. Tom studies hard at school every day. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $