Unit4 Heroes 知识点总结 2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“英雄与榜样”主题，系统整合课标要求的语言技能、文化意识及核心语法。通过主题分类表格呈现重点词汇（含音标、搭配与例句），用对比表格辨析短语差异，借助公式化句型框架（含课文原句与仿写）梳理语法逻辑，构建“词汇-短语-句型-语法-写作”的递进知识脉络，清晰呈现定语从句（who）等重难点的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与文化浸润的结合，基础过关题（如词汇拼写、句型合并）夯实语言能力，能力提升题（如语法单选、同义转换）培养思维品质。写作模块提供“英雄传记”框架及范文，引导学生运用定语从句描述人物，文化常识部分通过赵一曼、袁隆平事迹渗透家国情怀。易错点正误对比与自测解析支持学生自主复习，助力教师实施精准分层教学。

外研版（2026秋新版）九年级上册 Unit 4 Heroes 单元知识点总结 适用教材：外研版（2026秋新版）九年级上册 | 适用学段：初三上学期 | 资料类型：单元知识点总结 课标对接 【话题】英雄与榜样（Heroes and role models） 【语言技能】能听懂并讨论关于英雄人物事迹的话题；能运用定语从句（关系代词 who）来描述人物；能阅读关于赵一曼和袁隆平的人物传记；能写一篇英雄人物传记（Biography of a hero）。 【文化意识】了解赵一曼烈士的英雄事迹，感受革命先辈的无畏精神；了解袁隆平院士的科学贡献与奉献精神，理解"英雄"在不同领域的含义，树立正确的英雄观和价值观。 【核心语法】定语从句（1）—— 关系代词 who（引导词 who 在从句中作主语或宾语，用于修饰表示人的先行词）。 【核心语法公式】先行词（人）+ who + 从句谓语...（who 作主语）；先行词（人）+ who + 从句主语 + 从句谓语...（who 作宾语）。 目录 一、重点词汇（按主题分类，含音标/词性/搭配/例句） 二、重点短语与固定搭配（22个高频短语，含辨析对比） 三、重点句型（8大核心句型，含公式+课文原句+仿写范例） 四、语法精讲（定语从句(1) —— 关系代词 who 的用法） 五、单元话题写作（Biography of a hero，含写作框架+范文2篇） 六、易错点与难点突破（10大高频易错，含正误对比+原因分析） 七、文化常识（赵一曼——中国女英雄 / 袁隆平——国家英雄） 八、单元自测（基础过关20题 + 能力提升10题） 附：参考答案与详细解析 一、重点词汇（Words） 1.1 品质与精神类 英文 音标 词性 中文 用法与搭配 例句 fearless /ˈfɪələs/ adj. 无畏的；不怕的 a fearless fighter be fearless in the face of... Zhao Yiman was a fearless heroine who never gave up. bravely /ˈbreɪvli/ adv. 勇敢地 fight bravely act bravely The soldiers fought bravely in the battle. selfless /ˈselfləs/ adj. 无私的；忘我的 selfless devotion selfless love Yuan Longping was a selfless scientist who devoted his life to helping others. heroic /hɪˈrəʊɪk/ adj. 英雄的；英勇的 heroic deeds heroic spirit Her heroic actions saved many lives during the war. loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的；忠实的 be loyal to... a loyal friend A true hero is someone who is loyal to his country. gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温和的；温柔的 a gentle smile be gentle with... Yuan Longping was a gentle man who always smiled kindly. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气；胆量 show courage have the courage to do... It takes great courage to be a hero. 1.2 人物与身份类 英文 音标 词性 中文 用法与搭配 例句 fighter /ˈfaɪtə/ n. 战士；斗士 a freedom fighter a brave fighter She was a fighter who never gave up hope. soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə/ n. 士兵；军人 a young soldier serve as a soldier The soldier who saved the child is a true hero. hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ n. 英雄；男主角 a national hero hero of the story Yuan Longping is a hero who fed millions of people. expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n./adj. 专家；熟练的 an expert in... become an expert He is an expert who has worked on rice for over 50 years. footstep /ˈfʊtstep/ n. 脚步；足迹 follow in sb.'s footsteps hear footsteps We should follow in the footsteps of these heroes. 1.3 社会与成就类 英文 音标 词性 中文 用法与搭配 例句 socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj./n. 社会主义的；社会主义者 socialist country socialist values China is a socialist country that values heroes. republic /rɪˈpʌblɪk/ n. 共和国；共和政体 the People's Republic of China a republic The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. battle /ˈbætl/ n./v. 战斗；战役；斗争 a fierce battle win/lose a battle The battle was won by soldiers who fought bravely. victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利；成功 win a victory celebrate the victory Victory belongs to those who never give up. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就；成绩 a great achievement make an achievement Yuan Longping's achievement in hybrid rice is world-famous. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功；达到目的 succeed in doing... succeed as... Heroes are people who succeed through hard work and courage. lifelong /ˈlaɪflɒŋ/ adj. 终身的；毕生的 a lifelong dream lifelong learning He had a lifelong dream of helping people. productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/ adj. 多产的；富有成效的 a productive life be productive Yuan Longping lived a productive life that changed the world. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n./v. 实验；试验 do an experiment a scientific experiment He did thousands of experiments before he succeeded. 1.4 情感与心理类 英文 音标 词性 中文 用法与搭配 例句 pity /ˈpɪti/ n./v. 同情；遗憾 feel pity for... What a pity! It is a pity that the hero did not live to see the victory. respect /rɪˈspekt/ n./v. 尊敬；尊重；方面 show respect for... respect sb. We should respect the heroes who sacrificed for our country. encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励；激励 encourage sb. to do... encourage sb. in... His story encourages us to be brave and never give up. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ n./v. 影响；作用 have an influence on... influence sb. Heroes are people who have a great influence on others. dream /driːm/ n./v. 梦想；做梦 have a dream achieve one's dream His dream of helping the poor finally came true. failure /ˈfeɪljə/ n. 失败；失败的人/事 learn from failure a complete failure Every failure is a step towards success. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；设想 imagine doing sth. can't imagine I can't imagine how brave the soldiers were. letter /ˈletə/ n. 信；字母 write a letter a letter from... Zhao Yiman wrote a letter to her son before she died. award /əˈwɔːd/ n./v. 奖；奖品；授予 win an award be awarded for... He won an award for his great achievement in science. 二、重点短语与固定搭配（Phrases） 2.1 课文核心短语 短语 中文释义 课文原句/语境 用法提示 be loyal to 对...忠诚 A true hero is someone who is loyal to his country. be loyal to + 名词/代词，表"忠于..." show courage 展现勇气 The soldiers showed great courage in the battle. show + 抽象名词，表"展现..." have the courage to do 有勇气做某事 She had the courage to stand up for what was right. have the courage to do sth. 是固定搭配 fight bravely 勇敢战斗 The soldiers fought bravely against the enemy. fight bravely 副词修饰动词 win a victory 取得胜利 They won a great victory in the battle. win a victory，也可说 achieve a victory follow in sb.'s footsteps 追随某人的脚步 We should follow in the footsteps of heroes. follow in sb.'s footsteps 是固定习语 show respect for 对...表示尊敬 We should show respect for those who sacrificed for us. show respect for = respect，前者更正式 encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事 His story encourages us to work hard. encourage sb. to do sth.，to 不可省略 have an influence on 对...有影响 Heroes have a great influence on young people. have an influence on = influence，on 是介词 succeed in doing 成功做某事 He succeeded in developing hybrid rice. succeed in doing sth.，in 后接动名词 make an achievement 取得成就 Yuan Longping made great achievements in agriculture. make an achievement 是固定搭配 learn from failure 从失败中学习 A true hero learns from failure. learn from + 名词，表"从...中学习" devote one's life to 把一生奉献给... He devoted his life to helping poor farmers. devote...to + 名词/动名词，to 是介词 in the face of 面对...；在...面前 She was fearless in the face of danger. in the face of + 名词，表"面对..." give up 放弃 She never gave up, even in the most difficult times. give up doing sth. = 放弃做某事；give it up stand up for 支持；捍卫 She stood up for what she believed was right. stand up for + 名词，表"为...挺身而出" come true 实现；成真 His dream of helping the poor finally came true. come true 不用被动语态，主语通常是 dream a lifelong dream 毕生的梦想 Helping others was his lifelong dream. lifelong = 终身的，作定语修饰名词 do an experiment 做实验 He did thousands of experiments before he succeeded. do/conduct/perform an experiment write a letter 写信 Zhao Yiman wrote a touching letter to her son. write a letter to sb. = 给某人写信 win an award 获奖 He won an award for his great achievement. win an award for... = 因...获奖 feel pity for 对...感到同情 We feel great pity for the heroes who lost their lives. feel pity for = have pity on，表"同情" 2.2 短语辨析 短语A 短语B 区别 例句 give up give in give up 表示"放弃"（及物/不及物均可）； give in 表示"屈服/让步"（不及物） She never gave up her dream. He finally gave in to the pressure. succeed in doing be successful in doing succeed in doing 是动词用法； be successful in doing 是形容词用法，二者同义 He succeeded in developing hybrid rice. He was successful in developing hybrid rice. devote...to contribute...to devote...to 强调"全身心奉献"； contribute...to 强调"贡献/出力" He devoted his life to science. He contributed a lot to the field of science. encourage sb. to do inspire sb. to do encourage 强调"鼓励/打气"； inspire 强调"激励/启发"（精神层面更深） The teacher encouraged him to try again. His story inspired me to become a doctor. respect admire respect 强调"尊敬"（基于地位或品质）； admire 强调"钦佩/赞赏"（基于能力或成就） We respect our teachers. I admire his courage and determination. 三、重点句型（Sentence Patterns） 3.1 八大核心句型 编号 句型 功能 公式 / 课文原句 / 仿写 1 先行词（人）+ who + 谓语... 定语从句（who 作主语）："...的（人）" 公式：先行词（人）+ who + 从句谓语 + 其他 课文：Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely for China. 仿写：Yuan Longping is a scientist who changed the world with hybrid rice. 2 先行词（人）+ who + 主语 + 谓语... 定语从句（who 作宾语）："...的（人）" 公式：先行词（人）+ (who/whom) + 从句主语 + 从句谓语 + 其他 课文：The hero who we respect most is Zhao Yiman. 仿写：The scientist who people all over the world admire is Yuan Longping. 3 It is + adj. + that + 从句 主语从句："...的是..." 公式：It is + adj. + that + 从句 课文：It is important that we remember our heroes. 仿写：It is wonderful that young people still learn about these heroes. 4 S + succeed in + doing... 表达"成功做某事" 公式：主语 + succeed in + 动名词 课文：He succeeded in developing hybrid rice after years of experiments. 仿写：She succeeded in becoming a doctor who helps people in poor areas. 5 S + encourage + sb. + to do... 表达"鼓励某人做某事" 公式：主语 + encourage + sb. + to do + sth. 课文：His story encourages us to be brave and work hard. 仿写：The teacher encourages us to follow our dreams. 6 S + devote + oneself + to + doing... 表达"奉献自己于..." 公式：主语 + devote + oneself/one's life + to + 名词/动名词 课文：He devoted himself to helping poor farmers grow more rice. 仿写：She devoted her life to protecting the environment. 7 S + have + the courage + to do... 表达"有勇气做某事" 公式：主语 + have + the courage + to do + sth. 课文：She had the courage to stand up for what she believed. 仿写：He had the courage to try again after many failures. 8 It is + n. + that + 从句 强调句/主语从句 公式：It is + 名词 + that + 从句 课文：It is a pity that the hero did not live to see the victory. 仿写：It is a fact that heroes inspire us to be better people. 3.2 同义句转换 原句 同义句 知识点 Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely. Zhao Yiman is a heroine. She fought bravely. 定语从句 who 作主语 = 两个简单句（第二句用代词 she 指代） The hero who we respect is Yuan Longping. The hero whom we respect is Yuan Longping. who 作宾语时可替换为 whom（whom 更正式） He succeeded in developing hybrid rice. He was successful in developing hybrid rice. succeed in doing = be successful in doing，可互换 He devoted his life to helping farmers. He spent his life helping farmers. devote one's life to = spend one's life doing，含义相近 His story encourages us to be brave. His story inspires us to be brave. encourage = inspire，但 inspire 更强调精神层面的激励 四、语法精讲（Grammar） 4.1 定语从句概述 【中考考频】定语从句是中考重要考点，常出现在单项选择、完形填空和句型转换中。九年级上册重点学习关系代词 who 引导的定语从句，用于修饰表示人的先行词。who 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。 定语从句（Attributive Clause）是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为"先行词"（antecedent），引导定语从句的词称为"关系代词"（relative pronoun）。本单元重点学习关系代词 who，用于修饰表示人的先行词。 4.2 who 作主语 用法：当先行词是"人"，且关系代词在从句中作主语时，用 who 引导定语从句。who 不能省略。 结构：先行词（人）+ who + 从句谓语 + 其他 例句：Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely for China.（赵一曼是一位为中国英勇战斗的女英雄。） 例句：Yuan Longping is a scientist who changed the world with hybrid rice.（袁隆平是一位用杂交水稻改变世界的科学家。） 例句：The soldier who saved the child is a true hero.（救下那个孩子的士兵是一位真正的英雄。） 例句：We should learn from people who never give up.（我们应该向那些永不放弃的人学习。） 注意：who 作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。先行词是单数，从句谓语用单数；先行词是复数，从句谓语用复数。 4.3 who 作宾语 用法：当先行词是"人"，且关系代词在从句中作宾语时，用 who 或 whom 引导定语从句。who 作宾语时可以省略，whom 更正式。 结构：先行词（人）+ (who/whom) + 从句主语 + 从句谓语 + 其他 例句：The hero (who) we respect most is Zhao Yiman.（我们最敬仰的英雄是赵一曼。） 例句：The scientist (who) people all over the world admire is Yuan Longping.（全世界人民都敬佩的科学家是袁隆平。） 例句：The soldier (who) I met yesterday was a hero of the battle.（我昨天遇到的那位士兵是那场战斗的英雄。） 例句：The doctor (who) she is talking about saved many lives.（她正在谈论的那位医生救了很多生命。） 注意：who 作宾语时在口语中常省略，但考试中建议保留。whom 是 who 的宾格形式，在正式书面语中使用 whom 更规范。介词后必须用 whom（如：the hero to whom we look up）。 4.4 who 与 that 的区别 对比项 who that 修饰对象 只修饰人 可修饰人或物 作主语 可以（不能省略） 可以（不能省略） 作宾语 可以（可省略） 可以（可省略） 使用偏好 修饰人时更常用 who 修饰物时只能用 that（不能用 who） 例句 The hero who saved the child is a soldier. （救下孩子的英雄是一位士兵。） The hero that saved the child is a soldier. （也可用 that，但 who 更自然） 特殊限制 介词后只能用 whom 不能用 who： the hero to whom we look up that 不能用于介词后： x the hero to that we look up 记忆口诀：修饰人用 who 最自然，修饰物用 that 才规范；介词后面用 whom 不犹豫，从句缺主语关系词不能省。 4.5 定语从句中主谓一致的判断 关键规则：关系代词 who 作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致，而不是与 who 保持一致。 例句（先行词单数）：The hero who is standing over there is my uncle.（从句谓语 is 与先行词 hero 一致，用单数） 例句（先行词复数）：The heroes who are standing over there are soldiers.（从句谓语 are 与先行词 heroes 一致，用复数） 例句（先行词是"one of + 复数名词"）：He is one of the heroes who have won the award.（先行词是 heroes，从句谓语用复数 have） 例句（先行词是"the only one of + 复数名词"）：He is the only one of the heroes who has won the award.（先行词是 the only one，从句谓语用单数 has） 这是中考高频考点：one of + 复数名词 + who + 复数谓语；the (only) one of + 复数名词 + who + 单数谓语。 4.6 定语从句与简单句的转换 定语从句可以将两个简单句合并为一个复合句，使表达更简洁、更连贯。 两个简单句 合并为定语从句 转换规则 Zhao Yiman is a heroine. She fought bravely for China. Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely for China. 用 who 替换第二句主语 she，将第二句变为从句 The scientist is Yuan Longping. People all over the world admire him. The scientist (who) people all over the world admire is Yuan Longping. 用 who 替换第二句宾语 him，将第二句变为从句 I met a soldier yesterday. He saved many lives in the battle. I met a soldier yesterday who saved many lives in the battle. 用 who 替换第二句主语 he，将第二句变为从句 五、单元话题写作（Writing） 5.1 写作任务：Biography of a hero 本单元写作任务是以"Biography of a hero"（英雄传记）为主题，写一篇简短的人物传记。选择一位你心目中的英雄，介绍他/她的生平、主要事迹和贡献，以及他/她为什么值得被称为英雄。要求：80-120词，结构清晰，语言通顺，可适当使用定语从句（who）来描述人物特征和事迹。 5.2 写作框架 段落 内容 可用句型 示例 第一段 引出人物：英雄是谁，基本身份 My hero is... ...is a hero who... ...is known as... Yuan Longping is a national hero who is known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice". He was a Chinese scientist who devoted his life to agriculture. 第二段 主要事迹：做了什么，为什么是英雄 He/She succeeded in... He/She devoted...to... He/She had the courage to... He succeeded in developing hybrid rice after years of hard work. He devoted himself to helping farmers grow more rice. He had the courage to try again and again after thousands of failures. 第三段 总结感悟：英雄的意义和影响 His/Her story encourages us to... He/She is a hero who... We should follow in his/her footsteps. His story encourages us to work hard and never give up. He is a hero who will always be remembered. We should follow in his footsteps and try to make a difference. 5.3 范文 【范文一】基础版（约90词）—— Yuan Longping, a national hero Yuan Longping is a national hero who is known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice". He was a Chinese scientist who devoted his life to helping farmers grow more rice. He succeeded in developing hybrid rice in the 1970s. He worked in the fields every day and did thousands of experiments. He was a selfless scientist who never gave up. Because of his work, millions of people no longer suffer from hunger. His story encourages us to work hard and never give up. He is a hero who will always be remembered. We should follow in his footsteps and try to make the world a better place. 【范文二】提升版（约130词）—— Zhao Yiman, a fearless heroine Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely for China. She was a fearless fighter who showed great courage in the face of danger. Born in 1905, Zhao Yiman joined the revolution when she was young. She was a loyal soldier who never gave up, even when she was caught by the enemy. She had the courage to stand up for what she believed was right, and she faced death bravely. Before she died in 1936, she wrote a touching letter to her young son. The letter is full of a mother's love and a hero's spirit. Zhao Yiman is a hero who we should always remember. Her story encourages us to be brave and loyal to our country. It is important that we learn about heroes like her so that we can understand the true meaning of courage. 5.4 写作好词好句积累 类别 表达 适用场景 引出人物 My hero is... ...is a hero who... ...is known as... ...is remembered as... 开头介绍英雄人物 描述事迹 He/She devoted...to... He/She succeeded in... He/She had the courage to... 描述英雄的主要事迹 描述品质 fearless / selfless / brave / loyal showed great courage never gave up 描写英雄的品质和精神 表达影响 His/Her story encourages us to... He/She had a great influence on... Because of him/her, ... 表达英雄事迹的影响 总结升华 We should follow in his/her footsteps. He/She is a hero who will always be remembered. It is important that we learn about heroes like him/her. 结尾总结英雄的意义 六、易错点与难点突破（Common Mistakes） 编号 易错点 错误示例 正确写法 原因分析 1 who 作主语时漏掉从句谓语 x The hero who brave. v The hero who is brave. v The hero who fought bravely. who 引导定语从句时，从句必须是一个完整的句子，需要有谓语动词。 2 主谓不一致 x The heroes who is standing there. v The heroes who are standing there. who 作主语时，从句谓语与先行词保持一致。先行词 heroes 是复数，谓语用 are。 3 who 用于修饰物 x The book who I read is interesting. v The book that/which I read is interesting. who 只能修饰人，修饰物用 that 或 which。 4 定语从句重复先行词 x The hero who he saved the child. v The hero who saved the child. who 已代替先行词在从句中作主语，不能再加 he/she/they。 5 who 作宾语时误用主格 x The hero to who we look up. v The hero to whom we look up. 介词后必须用宾格 whom，不能用 who。 6 one of + 复数名词 + who 的主谓一致 x He is one of the heroes who has won the award. v He is one of the heroes who have won the award. one of + 复数名词 作先行词时，从句谓语用复数（与 heroes 一致）。 7 the only one of + 复数名词 + who 的主谓一致 x He is the only one of the heroes who have won the award. v He is the only one of the heroes who has won the award. the only one of + 复数名词 作先行词时，从句谓语用单数（与 the only one 一致）。 8 succeed in doing 误用 to do x He succeeded to develop hybrid rice. v He succeeded in developing hybrid rice. succeed in doing sth. 是固定搭配，in 后接动名词，不接不定式。 9 devote...to 中 to 误作不定式符号 x He devoted his life to help farmers. v He devoted his life to helping farmers. devote...to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词或动名词，不是不定式符号。 10 encourage 后漏 to x He encouraged me try again. v He encouraged me to try again. encourage sb. to do sth. 中 to 不可省略。 七、文化常识（Culture Link） 7.1 赵一曼——中国女英雄（Zhao Yiman - a heroine of China） 赵一曼（1905-1936），原名李坤泰，是中国抗日战争时期著名的女英雄（heroine）。她出生于四川省宜宾县，早年参加革命，1926年加入中国共产党。"九一八"事变后，她被派往东北地区组织抗日斗争。 赵一曼是一位 fearless fighter who showed great courage in the face of danger. 1935年，她在与日军的战斗中受伤被捕。在狱中，敌人对她进行了残酷的折磨，但她始终 loyal to her beliefs，从未向敌人屈服。她 had the courage to stand up for what she believed was right. 1936年8月2日，赵一曼英勇就义，年仅31岁。 在牺牲前，赵一曼给年幼的儿子写下了感人至深的家书（a touching letter）。信中写道："母亲对于你没有能尽到教育的责任，实在是遗憾的事情。母亲因为坚决地做了反满抗日的斗争，今天已经到了牺牲的前夕了。希望你，宁儿啊！赶快成人，来安慰你地下的母亲！在你长大成人之后，希望不要忘记你的母亲是为国牺牲的！" 赵一曼是 a heroine who we should always remember. 她的故事 encourages us to be brave and loyal to our country. 她用自己的生命诠释了什么是真正的英雄精神。今天，赵一曼的雕像（statue）矗立在她的家乡和许多城市，她的精神将永远激励着我们。 7.2 袁隆平——国家英雄（Yuan Longping - a national hero） 袁隆平（1930-2021），是中国著名的农业科学家（agricultural scientist），被誉为"杂交水稻之父"（the Father of Hybrid Rice）。他出生于北京，毕业于西南农学院。从20世纪60年代开始，他 devoted his life to developing hybrid rice to solve the food shortage problem in China and around the world. 袁隆平的研究之路并非一帆风顺。他 did thousands of experiments before he succeeded. 在最初的十年里，他经历了无数次失败（failure），但他 never gave up. 他每天在稻田里工作，不论严寒酷暑。最终，在1973年，他 succeeded in developing the world's first high-yield hybrid rice. 这项成就（achievement）使中国的水稻产量大幅提高，帮助 millions of people who were suffering from hunger. 袁隆平是一位 selfless scientist who devoted his whole life to helping others. 他说过他有两个梦想：一个是"禾下乘凉梦"，希望水稻长得像高粱一样高；另一个是"杂交水稻覆盖全球梦"。他 lived a productive life that changed the world. 即使年过九旬，他仍然坚持工作，他说："我不在家，就在试验田；不在试验田，就在去试验田的路上。" 袁隆平是 a national hero who fed millions of people. 他的故事 encourages us to work hard, never give up, and use our knowledge to help others. 2021年5月22日，袁隆平逝世，举国哀悼。人们纷纷来到他生前工作的试验田前献花，以表达对这位伟大科学家的敬意和怀念。 7.3 关于英雄的英文名言 名言（英文） 名言（中文） 作者 A hero is someone who has given his or her life to something bigger than oneself. 英雄是那些将自己生命奉献给比自己更伟大的事业的人。 Joseph Campbell The ordinary man is involved in action; the hero acts. An immense difference. 普通人卷入行动，而英雄主动行动。这是巨大的差别。 Henry Miller Heroes are made by the paths they choose, not the powers they are graced with. 英雄是由他们选择的道路造就的，而非他们被赋予的力量。 Brodi Ashton Hard times don't create heroes. It is during the hard times when the 'hero' within us is revealed. 艰难时期不会创造英雄。正是在艰难时期，我们内心的"英雄"才得以显现。 Bob Riley 7.4 描述英雄的英文表达 中文含义 英文表达 例句 民族英雄 national hero Yuan Longping is a national hero who is loved by all Chinese people. 女英雄 heroine Zhao Yiman is a heroine who fought bravely for China. 抗战英雄 war hero The war hero was awarded for his bravery. 英雄事迹 heroic deeds His heroic deeds will never be forgotten. 英雄精神 heroic spirit The heroic spirit of the soldiers encourages us. 无私奉献 selfless devotion His selfless devotion to science is truly admirable. 追随...的脚步 follow in sb.'s footsteps We should follow in the footsteps of our heroes. 八、单元自测（Self-check） （本部分为"学生版"，不含答案。参考答案与解析见附录。） 第一部分：基础过关（20题） 一、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词（10分） 1. Zhao Yiman was a f______（无畏的）heroine who fought bravely for China. 2. The soldiers fought b______（勇敢地）in the battle. 3. Yuan Longping was a s______（无私的）scientist who devoted his life to helping others. 4. A true hero is someone who is l______（忠诚的）to his country. 5. It takes great c______（勇气）to stand up for what is right. 6. We should r______（尊敬）the heroes who sacrificed for our country. 7. His story e______（鼓励）us to work hard and never give up. 8. He won an a______（奖）for his great achievement in science. 9. Every f______（失败）is a step towards success. 10. He did thousands of e______（实验）before he succeeded. 二、用 who 合并下列句子（5分，注意定语从句中 who 的用法） 11. Zhao Yiman is a heroine. She fought bravely for China. → Zhao Yiman is a heroine ______ ______ bravely for China. 12. Yuan Longping is a scientist. People all over the world admire him. → Yuan Longping is a scientist ______ people all over the world ______. 13. The soldier saved the child. He is a true hero. → The soldier ______ ______ the child is a true hero. 14. I met a woman yesterday. She devoted her life to education. → I met a woman yesterday ______ ______ her life to education. 15. The heroes are standing over there. They have won many awards. → The heroes ______ ______ standing over there have won many awards. 三、选词填空（5分） （succeed in / devote...to / encourage...to / have the courage to / follow in...footsteps） 16. He ______ ______ developing hybrid rice after years of hard work. 17. She ______ her life ______ helping poor children in the countryside. 18. His story ______ us ______ be brave and never give up. 19. She ______ ______ ______ ______ stand up for what she believed was right. 20. We should ______ ______ his ______ and try to make a difference. 第二部分：能力提升（10题） 四、单项选择（5分） 21. Yuan Longping is a scientist ______ changed the world with hybrid rice. A. who B. which C. what D. whom 22. The soldier ______ we met yesterday is a hero of the battle. A. which B. who C. what D. whose 23. He is one of the scientists who ______ won the national award. A. has B. have C. had D. having 24. Which of the following sentences is CORRECT? A. The hero who he saved the child is a soldier. B. The hero which saved the child is a soldier. C. The hero who saved the child is a soldier. D. The hero saved the child who is a soldier. 25. He succeeded ______ the problem after many experiments. A. to solve B. in solving C. solving D. solve 五、句型转换（5分） 26. Zhao Yiman is a heroine. She showed great courage.（用 who 合并） → Zhao Yiman is a heroine ______ ______ great courage. 27. The scientist who is working in the field is Yuan Longping.（改为简单句） → The scientist ______ ______ ______ ______ is Yuan Longping. 28. He devoted his life to helping farmers.（改为同义句，用 spend） → He ______ his life ______ farmers. 29. The hero is Zhao Yiman. We respect her most.（用 who 合并） → The hero ______ ______ ______ most is Zhao Yiman. 30. It takes great courage to be a hero.（改为同义句，用 have） → You need to ______ ______ ______ to be a hero. 附录：参考答案与详细解析 （本部分为"教师版"，供教师批改和讲解使用。） 基础过关答案 题号 答案 解析 1 fearless fearless 无畏的，形容词。由 fear（害怕）+ -less（无）构成，表"不害怕的"。 2 bravely bravely 勇敢地，副词，修饰动词 fought。由 brave（勇敢的）+ -ly 构成。 3 selfless selfless 无私的，形容词。由 self（自己）+ -less（无）构成，表"无私的"。 4 loyal loyal 忠诚的，形容词。be loyal to... 对...忠诚。 5 courage courage 勇气，不可数名词。have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事。 6 respect respect 尊敬，动词。respect sb. 尊敬某人；show respect for sb. 对某人表示尊敬。 7 encourages encourage 鼓励，动词。主语 story 是单数，用第三人称单数 encourages。 8 award award 奖/奖品，可数名词。win an award 获奖。 9 failure failure 失败，可数名词。every failure 每一次失败，强调个体。 10 experiments experiment 实验，可数名词。thousands of experiments 数千次实验，用复数。 11 who fought who 作主语，代替 Zhao Yiman，从句谓语 fought 与先行词一致。 12 who; admire who 作宾语，代替 Yuan Longping；从句中已有主语 people，who 不可省略（考试中建议保留）。 13 who saved who 作主语，代替 the soldier，从句谓语 saved 与先行词一致。 14 who devoted who 作主语，代替 a woman；devote...to... 的过去式 devoted。 15 who are who 作主语，代替 the heroes；从句谓语 are 与复数先行词一致。 16 succeeded in succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事，in 后接动名词 developing。 17 devoted; to devote...to... 把...奉献给...，to 是介词，后接动名词 helping。 18 encourages; to encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事，to 不可省略。 19 had the courage to have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事，过去式 had。 20 follow in; footsteps follow in sb.'s footsteps 追随某人的脚步，固定习语。 能力提升答案 题号 答案 解析 21 A. who 先行词 a scientist 是人，用 who 引导定语从句，who 在从句中作主语。B which 修饰物；C what 不引导定语从句；D whom 作宾语。 22 B. who 先行词 the soldier 是人，从句中 we met 缺宾语，who 作 met 的宾语。A which 修饰物；C what 不引导定语从句；D whose 表"谁的"。 23 B. have one of the scientists 中先行词是 scientists（复数），who 作主语，从句谓语用复数 have。注意区分：the only one of the scientists who has won...（用单数）。 24 C A 错：who 已作主语，又加 he 造成重复；B 错：which 修饰物不修饰人；D 错：who 修饰的是 the child 而非 the hero；C 正确：who 作主语，代替 the hero。 25 B. in solving succeed in doing sth. 是固定搭配，in 后接动名词。A 误用不定式；C 漏掉 in；D 是动词原形。 26 who showed who 作主语，代替 Zhao Yiman，合并两个句子。注意从句谓语 showed 用过去式。 27 working in the field 定语从句 who is working... 可简化为现在分词短语 working in the field 作后置定语。 28 spent; helping devote one's life to doing = spend one's life doing，to 是介词，spend 后接动名词。 29 who we respect who 作宾语，代替 the hero；从句中 we 是主语，respect 是谓语，who 是宾语。 30 have great courage It takes courage to do = You need to have courage to do，同义转换。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $