内容正文:
教材回归课文填空-人教英语(2019)必修二Unit1--练习+答案与解析
Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
【Reading and Thinking】(P4)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time 1 the old must give way ___2___ the new, and it is not possible 3 (preserve) everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and ___4___ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be ___5__ big challenge.
Big challenges, 6 , can sometimes lead to great solutions. In __7___ 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce 8 (electric), and supply water to much___9___ (many) farmers in the area. But the___10__ (propose) led to protests. Water from the dam would __11___ (like) damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics ___12___ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists 13 had studied the problem, and citizens ____14____ lived near the dam, the government turned ____15__ the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee 16 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the __17__ (lose) of cultural relics. The group asked for 18 (contribute) from different departments and raised funds within the international community. Experts ___19____ (investigate) the issue, __20____ (conduct) several tests, and then made a proposal for ___21_____ the buildings could be saved. __22__ (final), a document ___23___ (sign) , and the work began in 1960.
The project brought together governments and ___24____ (environment) from around the world. Temples and other cultural sites ___25____ (take) down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place ___26_____they were safe ___27____the water. In 1961, ___28___ (Germany) engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and 29 (count) relics. Fifty countries donated ___30___ (near) $80 million ___31___the project.
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered 32 great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future_____33_____did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that __34___was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still ___35___ (live) today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, ____36___ runs a programme ___37____prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world 38 disappearing. If a problem seems too __39____ (difficulty) for a single nation, the ___40___ (globe) global community can sometimes provide a solution.
【参考答案】
1.when 2.to 3.to preserve 4.keeping 5.a 6.however
7.the 8.electricity 9.more 10.proposal 11.likely 12.that/which
13.who/that 14.who/that 15.to 16.was established 17.loss 18.contributions
19.investigated 20.conducted 21.how 22.Finally 23.was signed
24.environmentalists 25.were taken 26. where 27.from 28.German
29.countless 30.nearly 31.to 32.a 33.that/which 34.it
35.alive/living 36.which 37.that 38.from 3 9.difficult 40.global
【文章导读】
本文讲述了埃及阿斯旺大坝建设过程中,如何通过国际合作解决文化遗产保护难题的典范案例。20世纪50年代,埃及政府计划修建大坝以促进经济发展,但此举将威胁尼罗河沿岸的诸多神庙和文物。埃及政府向联合国求助,成立了专门委员会,最终通过历时20年的跨国合作,成功将22座神庙迁移至安全地带。该项目不仅保护了文化遗产,更证明了各国携手合作、兼顾发展与保护的可行性,其精神至今仍由联合国教科文组织传承。
【答案解析】
1. when
解析:定语从句,先行词time,从句缺时间状语,用when引导。
技巧:先行词为time/day/occasion等时间名词,从句缺状语用when。
2. to
解析:give way to为固定搭配,意为“让位于、被……取代”。
技巧:固定介词搭配,需记忆。
3. to preserve
解析:It is not possible to do sth. 为固定句型,不定式作真正主语。
技巧:it作形式主语,后接不定式。
4. keeping
解析:与Finding并列,作动名词短语作主语,keep用keeping。
技巧:并列结构词形一致,动名词作主语。
5. a
解析:challenge为可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个重大挑战”,加不定冠词a。
技巧:可数名词单数前加冠词表泛指。
6. however
解析:前后句意转折(“挑战大,但有时能促成好解决方案”),且空格前后有逗号,用however。
技巧:转折副词,逗号隔开,用however而非but。
7. the
解析:in the 1950s为固定表达,表示“在20世纪50年代”。
技巧:年代前加定冠词the。
8. electricity
解析:produce后接名词作宾语,形容词electric变electricity(电)。
技巧:动词后接名词,注意词形变化。
9. more
解析:much修饰比较级,many的比较级为more,表示“更多的农民”。
技巧:much修饰比较级,many变more。
10. proposal
解析:the后接名词,动词propose的名词形式为proposal(提议)。
技巧:定冠词后接名词。
11. likely
解析:would后接动词原形,但此处需副词修饰动词damage,实际上likely也为形容词。但此处构成would likely damage(很可能破坏),其中此处likely为副词用法(美式英语常见)。也可理解为would be likely to,但此处直接作副词。参考答案为likely。
技巧:likely可作副词,表“很可能”,修饰动词。
12. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词relics指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:定语从句缺主语,先行词指物。
13. who/that
解析:定语从句,先行词scientists指人,从句缺主语,填who/that。
技巧:先行词指人,从句缺主语。
14. who/that
解析:定语从句,先行词citizens指人,从句缺主语,填who/that。
技巧:同上。
15. to
解析:turn to sb. for help为固定搭配,意为“向某人求助”。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
16. was established
解析:committee与establish为被动关系(“被建立”),且为1959年过去事件,用一般过去时被动。
技巧:被动语态,主语为单数。
17. loss
解析:the后接名词,lose的名词形式为loss(损失)。
技巧:定冠词后接名词。
18. contributions
解析:ask for后接名词,contribute变contribution,且为“各部门的贡献”用复数。
技巧:可数名词复数表多个贡献。
19. investigated
解析:与conducted, made并列作谓语,描述过去动作,用一般过去时investigated。
技巧:并列谓语时态一致。
20. conducted
解析:与investigated并列,用过去式conducted。
技巧:同上。
21. how
解析:proposal for后接宾语从句,how表示“如何”拯救这些建筑,在从句中作方式状语。
技巧:缺方式状语用how。
22. Finally
解析:副词作状语,修饰整个句子,表示“最终”。句首首字母大写。
技巧:副词修饰句子,放句首。
23. was signed
解析:document与sign为被动关系(“被签署”),且为过去事件,用一般过去时被动。
技巧:被动语态,主语为单数。
24. environmentalists
解析:governments and后接名词,指“环境保护主义者”,environment变environmentalist(可数),此处用复数。
技巧:名词变指人名词,复数形式。
25. were taken
解析:sites与take down为被动关系(“被拆除”),且为过去事件,主语复数,用were taken。
技巧:被动语态,主语复数。
26. where
解析:定语从句,先行词place,从句缺地点状语(in the place),用关系副词where。
技巧:先行词表地点,从句缺状语用where。
27. from
解析:safe from为固定搭配,意为“免受……的侵害”。
技巧:形容词与介词固定搭配。
28. German
解析:修饰engineers需形容词,Germany变German(德国的)。
技巧:国家名词变形容词作定语。
29. countless
解析:修饰relics需形容词,count变countless(无数的)。
技巧:名词变形容词,表“无数的”。
30. nearly
解析:修饰$80 million需副词nearly(将近)。
技巧:副词修饰数字/数量。
31. to
解析:donate...to...为固定搭配,意为“向……捐赠”。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
32. a
解析:considered a great success,success作可数名词,表示“一件成功的事”。
技巧:抽象名词具体化,加不定冠词。
33. that/which
解析:定语从句,先行词path指物,从句缺主语,填that/which。
技巧:定语从句缺主语,先行词指物。
34. it
解析:形式主语结构,that从句为真正主语,it作形式主语。
技巧:it作形式主语,后接that从句。
35. alive/living
解析:is后接形容词作表语,表示“活着的、仍在延续的”。alive表“活跃的、存在的”,living表“活着的”,两者皆可。
技巧:形容词作表语,注意词义区别。
36. which
解析:非限制性定语从句,先行词UNESCO指组织,从句缺主语,用which。
技巧:非限制定语从句,指物用which。
37. that
解析:定语从句,先行词programme指物,从句缺主语,填that,由于本句本身是关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,为了避免重复不建议再用which。
技巧:定语从句缺主语,先行词指物。
38. from
解析:prevent...from...为固定搭配,意为“阻止……做……”。
技巧:固定介词搭配。
39. difficult
解析:seems too后接形容词,difficulty变difficult(困难的)。too修饰形容词原级。
技巧:系动词后接形容词,too + adj.
40. global
解析:修饰community需形容词,globe变global(全球的)。
技巧:名词变形容词作定语。
【考点归纳】
考点类别
题号
解题要点
定语从句
1,12,13,14,26,
33,36,37
关系词选择:先行词时间→when(1);地点→where(26);指物缺主语→that/which(12,33,37);指人缺主语→who/that(13,14);非限制性指物→which(36)
非谓语动词
3,4
不定式作真正主语(3);动名词作主语(4)
时态与语态
16,19,20,23,
25
一般过去时主动(19,20);一般过去时被动(16,23,25)
词性转换
8,10,17,18,24,28,29,35,39,
40
动词→名词(8,10,17,18);名词→形容词(24,28,29,35,39,40);形容词→副词(22,30)
固定搭配
2,9,15,27,31,
38
give way to(2), turn to sb. for help(15), safe from(27), donate...to(31), prevent...from(38);much+比较级(9)
冠词/代词
5,7,32,34
不定冠词表泛指(5,32);定冠词表年代(7);it作形式主语(34)
连词/副词
6,21,22
however表转折(6);how引导宾语从句(21);Finally副词作状语(22)
比较级
9
much修饰比较级more
【总技巧提醒】
1. 定语从句是本单元核心考点,需熟练判断先行词(人/物/时间/地点)及从句缺失成分(主语/宾语/状语);
2. 被动语态频繁出现,注意主语与动词的被动关系及过去时态;
3. 词性转换规律性强,注意名词、动词、形容词、副词间的相互变形;
4. 固定搭配需日常积累,尤其动词+介词、形容词+介词结构;
5. 形式主语it和强调句型(未考)要能区分,本文出现it作形式主语。
【参考翻译】
从问题到解决方案
如果我们想改善社会,经济发展是必要的。总有新事物必须取代旧事物的时候,在我们走向未来的过程中,不可能保留过去的一切。在进步与文化遗址保护之间寻找并保持正确的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。
然而,巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。在20世纪50年代,埃及政府想在尼罗河上建一座新大坝,以控制洪水、发电,并为该地区更多的农民供水。但该提议引发了抗议。大坝的水很可能会破坏许多神庙,并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物。在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及居住在大坝附近的公民的意见后,政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
成立了一个委员会来限制对埃及建筑的破坏,并防止文物的流失。该小组要求不同部门做出贡献,并在国际社会筹集资金。专家们对这个问题进行了调查,进行了几次测试,然后就如何拯救这些建筑提出了一项提议。最后,签署了一份文件,工作于1960年开始。
这个项目将世界各地的政府和环保人士聚集在一起。神庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆除,然后被移动并在一个免受水患的安全地方重新组装起来。1961年,德国工程师移动了第一座神庙。在接下来的20年里,成千上万的工程师和工人拯救了22座神庙和无数的文物。50个国家为该项目捐赠了近8000万美元。
1980年项目结束时,它被认为取得了巨大的成功。各国不仅找到了一条不以践踏过去文物为代价的通向未来的道路,而且他们也认识到,各国共同努力建设一个更美好的明天是可能的。
阿斯旺大坝项目的精神今天依然存在。也许最好的例子就是联合国教科文组织,它运行着一个防止世界各地的世界文化遗产消失的项目。如果一个问题对于一个单一国家来说似乎太难了,国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案。
【教材原文】
【Reading for Writing】(P8)
PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES
Lanzhou, 9 August 2017. A group of researchers and scientists from China and other ____1___ (country) are working together to help increase knowledge and ___2___ (appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and ___3___ (collect) digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, ___4___ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ___5___ (produce) since the international project ____6___ (start) in 1994.
The Mogao Caves have long been a ___7___ (meet) point for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries. Today, the caves are just ___8____ international as they were at the time _____9___ people travelled the Silk Road. ___10___ (tour) from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, ____11____ the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ___12____ (admire) in America.
By sharing so many digital photos ___13___ the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ___14___ (wide) interest around the world ____15___ China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to __16___ (far) educate people about the importance of ____17___ (safeguard) historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate. As one researcher ___18_____ is working on the project explains, “Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding ___19___ (one) . Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and ____20___ (understand) .”
【Assessing Your Progress】(P10)
Getting young people to take part in ___21____ (active) to protect their national heritage is a good way ____22___ (introduce) them to their country's history. As they learn more about where they come from, they will hopefully be proud ___23___ (tell) others about their country and culture. Of course, teachers must keep a balance ____24___ teaching the good and bad parts of a country's history. Learning only the good parts can lead __25___narrow thinking. Learning the bad parts may help prevent those kinds of things from ____26__ (happen) again. Students ____27___ know their history and culture are more likely ___28___ (make) sure that their cultural heritage ___29___ (protect) , and teachers can motivate students by asking them to come up __30____ their own ideas and make ____31___ (propose) for ways to protect this. One possible idea is for students ___32___ (raise) or donate money to an organisation or group ____33___ protects their country's cultural heritage. Teachers may also turn ___34___their local museums or ___35___ (history) societies for help in getting students more interested in this important field.
【参考答案】
1.countries 2.appreciation 3.collecting 4.which 5.have been produced
6.started 7.meeting 8.as 9.when 10.Tourists
11.and 12.to admire 13.over/on 14.wider 15.in
16.further 17.safeguarding 18.who 19.oneself 20.understanding
21.activities 22.to introduce 23.to tell 24.between 25. to
26.happening 27.who/that 28.to make 29.is protected 30.with
31.proposals 32.to raise 33.that/which 34. to 35.historical
【Reading for Writing】(P8)
【文章导读】
本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了中国与多国研究者合作,通过数字化影像来推广和保护敦煌莫高窟这一重要的世界文化遗产。项目自1994年启动以来已产出大量高质量数字照片。文章强调了莫高窟作为历史上不同文化交汇点的重要性,以及当前通过互联网分享数字资料以促进更广泛国际关注的努力,并引用一位研究员的话,深刻阐述了欣赏本国与他国文化遗产对于自我认知和国际理解的双重意义。
【答案解析】
1.countries
解析:other后接可数名词复数,表示“其他国家”。
技巧:other + 复数名词。
2.appreciation
解析:and连接knowledge和appreciation,作increase的并列宾语,动词increase需要宾语,所以需用所给动词appreciate的名词形式作宾语。
技巧:并列结构,词性一致。
3.collecting
解析:与前面的recording并列,共用构成进行时态的组动词are,is/am /are与现在分词一起构成现在进行时,表示“正在记录和收集”。
技巧:并列结构,形式一致。
4.which
解析:引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the Mogao Caves指物,是专有名词,表示独一无二,而且还有逗号与先行词隔开,所以看出是非限制性定语从句,分析从句结构看出所缺的词在从句中作主语,因此用关系代词which。
技巧:非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,用which不用that。注意定语从句中一些只用which不用that,或只用that不用which的具体情况。
5.have been produced
解析:主语photographs与produce为被动关系;由since引导的时间状语从句可知主句用现在完成时;主语为复数。
技巧:since + 过去时,主句用现在完成时;被动语态。
6.started
解析:描述1994年发生的过去事件,用一般过去时。
技巧:in 1994为明确过去时间状语。
7.meeting
解析:meeting point为固定表达,意为“交汇点、会合点”。
技巧:动名词作定语,表功能。
8.as
解析:as...as...为固定结构,此处为“和……一样国际化”。
技巧:原级比较结构as + adj. + as。
9.when
解析:引导定语从句,先行词the time指时间,从句缺时间状语。
技巧:先行词表时间,从句缺状语用when。
10.Tourists
解析:作主语,泛指“游客”,用复数形式;句首单词首字母大写。
技巧:根据句意和谓语动词visit确定主语为复数名词。
11.and
解析:连接前后两个并列分句,表示递进关系,意为“而且”。
技巧:并列连词,连接两个完整的句子。
12.to admire
解析:不定式作目的状语,表示“供人们欣赏”。
技巧:不定式表目的。
13.over/on
解析:over the Internet或on the Internet均为固定搭配,表示“在互联网上”。
技巧:固定介词搭配。
14.wider
解析:由even修饰,用于比较级前加强语气,表示“更广泛的”。
技巧:even + 比较级。
拓展归纳:常见的修饰形容词副词比较级的词汇归纳
修饰比较级的常见词汇(表示程度)通常放在比较级的前面,用来加强或减弱比较的程度。示程度(“更……”或“……得多”),或用于修饰最高级,表示程度(“最……”或“非常……”)。
(1)表示“……得多”或“程度加深”
· much / a lot / a great deal:修饰比较级,表示“……得多”。(例:much better 好得多,a lot more interesting 有趣得多)
· far:修饰比较级,表示“……得多”或“远远……”。(例:far better 好得多,far more difficult 难得多)
· even / still:修饰比较级,表示“(比……)更……”或“甚至更……”。(例:even better 更好,still faster 更快)
(2)表示“(只)……一点”或“略微”
· a little / a bit / slightly:修饰比较级,表示“(比……)稍微……”。(例:a little better 稍微好一点,a bit more 多一点)
(3)表示“(不)及……程度”或“略微减弱”
· less:修饰比较级,表示“不如……”(常与 than 连用,构成 less + 原级 + than 结构,表示“不如……”)。(例:less interesting 不如……有趣)
15.in
解析:表示在某方面的兴趣,用interest in。比较短语be interested in。
技巧:interest in为固定搭配。
16.further
解析:修饰动词educate需用副词;further为far的比较级,表示“进一步地”,而另外一个比较级形式farther表示的距离上更远一些,没有further的引申含义表示“更进一步、更深一层、更多一些”的意思。
技巧:副词修饰动词,比较级表程度加深。注意不同比较级形式的意义不同,再如older与elder等。
17.safeguarding
解析:of为介词,后接动名词作宾语。
技巧:介词 + 动名词。
18.who
解析:引导定语从句,先行词researcher指人,从句缺主语。
技巧:先行词指人,从句缺主语,用who。
19.oneself
解析:作understanding的宾语,与主语one’s own对应,表示“理解自己”。
技巧:反身代词作宾语,指代主语本身。
20.understanding
解析:与communication并列,作介词for的宾语,用名词形式。
技巧:并列结构,词性一致。
【考点归纳】
考点类别
题号
解题要点
非谓语动词
3, 7, 12, 17
现在分词作谓语(3);动名词作定语/宾语(7, 17);不定式表目的(12)
时态与语态
5, 6
现在完成时被动(5);一般过去时(6)
词性转换
2, 16, 20
动词→名词(2, 20);形容词→副词(16)
名词复数
1, 10
可数名词复数形式(1, 10)
定语从句
4, 9, 18
关系代词which指物作主语(4);关系副词when表时间(9);关系代词who指人作主语(18)
固定搭配/结构
8, 13, 15
as...as...原级比较(8);over/on the Internet(13);interest in(15)
并列结构
11
and连接并列分句
比较级
14
even修饰比较级wider
反身代词
19
oneself作宾语,与主语一致
【总技巧提醒】
1. 关注并列结构:and/or等连词连接的成分在词性和形式上需保持一致(如题2, 3, 20)。
2. 识别时态标志:注意时间状语(如since + 过去时间点,如题5;具体过去年份,如题6)是确定时态的关键。
3. 区分定语从句:根据先行词指人/物/时间/地点及其在从句中充当的成分,选择正确的关系词(如题4, 9, 18)。
4. 积累固定搭配:介词与名词、动词与介词的搭配(如over/on the Internet, interest in)需要日常积累。
5. 词性转换:根据单词在句中所作的成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语等)来确定其正确形式(如题2, 16, 20)。
【Assessing Your Progress】(P10)
【文章导读】
本文探讨了让年轻人参与文化遗产保护活动的重要意义。文章指出,参与活动是介绍国家历史的良好途径,能培养年轻人的自豪感,并强调了教师在教学中需平衡国家历史的积极与消极方面,以避免思维狭隘并预防历史重演。同时,文章提出了具体建议,如学生提出保护方案、募捐,以及教师向博物馆或历史协会寻求合作,以共同激发学生对该领域的兴趣。
【答案解析】
21.activities
解析:take part in后接名词作宾语,形容词active的名词为activity,意为“活动”。根据语境,此处指多项活动,应用复数形式。
技巧:词性转换,名词复数表示泛指。
22.to introduce
解析:a good way to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“做某事的好方法”,不定式作定语修饰way。
技巧:way后接不定式作定语。
23.to tell
解析:be proud to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“自豪地做某事”。
技巧:形容词后接不定式。
24.between
解析:表示“在……之间”,根据下文the good and bad parts(两者),应用between。
技巧:between表示两者之间。
25.to
解析:lead to为固定短语,意为“导致”,to为介词。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
26.happening
解析:prevent...from doing sth. 为固定结构,意为“防止……做某事”,from为介词,后接动名词。
技巧:介词from后接动名词。
27.who/that
解析:引导定语从句,先行词Students指人,从句缺主语。
技巧:先行词指人,从句缺主语,关系代词用who或that。
28.to make
解析:be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“可能做某事”。
技巧:likely后接不定式。
29.is protected
解析:主语heritage与protect为被动关系;全文时态以一般现在时为主,故用一般现在时被动语态;主语为单数。
技巧:被动语态,主谓一致。
30.with
解析:come up with为固定短语,意为“想出、提出”。
技巧:动词短语固定搭配。
31.proposals
解析:make proposals为固定搭配,意为“提出建议”;proposal为可数名词,此处表泛指用复数。
技巧:固定搭配,名词复数。
32.to raise
解析:不定式作表语,主语是idea,be动词后跟的是动词不定式的复合结构作表语,即for sb.to do sth.表示主语idea的具体内容,表示“一个可能的想法是让学生向保护国家文化遗产的组织或团体募集资金或捐款”。
技巧:把握不定式作表语与主语之间的关系,多表示表目的、愿望、计划、打算等。
拓展归纳:通常用不定式作表语的主语名词归纳
不定式(to do)作表语时,通常用于说明主语的具体内容、目的、意图或性质,且多表示“未发生”或“待完成”的动作。适合用不定式作表语的主语名词,主要可以归纳为以下几类:
(1) 目标、计划与意图类:aim(目的)、goal(目标)、purpose(目的)、plan(计划)、intention(意图)、ambition(雄心)、dream(梦想)、wish(愿望)、hope(希望)。
(2)职责、任务与工作类:duty(职责)、task(任务)、job(工作)、role(角色)、function(功能)、responsibility(责任)。
(3)建议、决定与想法类:suggestion(建议)、advice(建议)、idea(想法)、decision(决定)、determination(决心)、proposal(提议)。
(4)问题、方法与困难类:problem(问题)、difficulty(困难)、method(方法)、way(方法)。(说明:这类名词表示主语的性质或解决方向,不定式用于说明解决该问题或实现该方法的动作。例如:The problem is to find a solution.)
33.that/which
解析:引导定语从句,先行词an organisation or group指物,从句缺主语。
技巧:先行词指物,从句缺主语,用that或which。
34.to
解析:turn to为固定短语,turn to sb. for help意为“向……求助”。
技巧:动词与介词固定搭配。
35.historical
解析:修饰名词societies需用形容词,history的形容词形式为historical,意为“历史的、与历史相关的”。
技巧:名词变形容词作定语。
【考点归纳】
考点类别
题号
解题要点
非谓语动词
22, 23, 26, 28, 32
不定式作定语/状语/宾语(22, 23, 28, 32);动名词作介词宾语(26)
时态与语态
29
一般现在时被动语态(is protected)
词性转换
21, 35
形容词→名词(21);名词→形容词(35)
名词复数
21, 31
可数名词复数形式(activities, proposals)
定语从句
27, 33
关系代词who/that指人作主语(27);that/which指物作主语(33)
固定搭配/结构
24, 25, 26, 30, 31, 34
between...and...(24);lead to(25);prevent...from(26);come up with(30);make proposals(31);turn to(34)
介词
24, 25, 30, 34
固定搭配中的介词(between, to, with, to)
【总技巧提醒】
1. 识别固定搭配:本文涉及大量动词短语和介词短语(如lead to, come up with, turn to, be proud to do等),需要熟练掌握。
2. 判断从句类型:根据句子结构判断是定语从句还是其他从句,并据此选择正确的引导词(如题27, 33)。
3. 注意词性转换:根据单词在句中的功能(作主语、宾语、定语等)进行正确的词形变化(如题21, 35)。
4. 把握时态语态:根据上下文时态及主谓关系,确定谓语动词的时态和语态(如题29)。
5. 非谓语动词的选择:根据其在句中所作成分(目的、伴随、宾语等),选择不定式、动名词或分词形式(如题22, 23, 26, 28, 32)。
【参考翻译】
【Reading for Writing】(P8)
通过数字影像推广文化
(兰州,2017年8月9日) 一支来自中国和其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的科研团队,正在通力合作,以帮助增进人们对中国古代文化遗产方面的认识与鉴赏能力。团队成员正在记录和收集莫高窟文化遗迹的数码影像,莫高窟在中国古代历史上曾是丝绸之路沿线的一个重关键站点。自1994年该国际项目启动以来,团队已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
长期以来,莫高窟一直是多元文化的交汇点,也是许多国家历史的一部分。今天,这些洞窟就像人们往来于丝绸之路的那个时代一样,具有国际化色彩。来自世界各地的游客来到敦煌参观洞窟,洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至复制了洞窟和绘画的副本,供人们在美国欣赏。
通过在互联网上分享如此多的(有关莫高窟的)数码照片,该团队希望在世界范围内进一步提升人们对中国古代历史、文化和传统的更广泛的兴趣。他们还希望进一步教育大众保护历史和文化遗迹的重要性,以便后代能够了解和欣赏。正如一位参与该项目的研究人员所解释的那样,“欣赏本民族的文化遗产对于了解自己非常重要。欣赏其他国家的文化遗,对于国际交流和理解非常重要。”
【Assessing Your Progress】(P10)
年轻人参与到保护国家遗产的活动中,是向他们介绍国家历史的好方法。随着他们对自己来源的了解加深,他们有望自豪地向他人讲述自己的国家和文化。当然,教师必须在教授国家历史中好的一面和坏的一面之间保持平衡。只学习好的一面可能会导致思维狭隘。学习坏的一面可能有助于防止这类事情再次发生。了解自身历史和文化的学生,更有可能确保其文化遗产得到保护;而教师则可以通过要求学生提出自己的想法、并为保护文化遗产拟定建议书,来激发学生的主观能动性。一个可能的想法是让学生筹集或向保护国家文化遗产的组织或团体捐款。 教师也可以向当地博物馆或历史协会求助,帮助学生对这一重要领域更感兴趣。
【教材原文】
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教材回归课文填空-人教英语(2019)必修二Unit1--练习版
Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
【Reading and Thinking】(P4)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS
Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time 1 the old must give way ___2___ the new, and it is not possible 3 (preserve) everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and ___4___ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be ___5__ big challenge.
Big challenges, 6 , can sometimes lead to great solutions. In __7___ 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce 8 (electric), and supply water to much___9___ (many) farmers in the area. But the___10__ (propose) led to protests. Water from the dam would __11___ (like) damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics ___12___ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists 13 had studied the problem, and citizens ____14____ lived near the dam, the government turned ____15__ the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee 16 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the __17__ (lose) of cultural relics. The group asked for 18 (contribute) from different departments and raised funds within the international community. Experts ___19____ (investigate) the issue, __20____ (conduct) several tests, and then made a proposal for ___21_____ the buildings could be saved. __22__ (final), a document ___23___ (sign) , and the work began in 1960.
The project brought together governments and ___24____ (environment) from around the world. Temples and other cultural sites ___25____ (take) down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place ___26_____they were safe ___27____the water. In 1961, ___28___ (Germany) engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and 29 (count) relics. Fifty countries donated ___30___ (near) $80 million ___31___the project.
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered 32 great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future_____33_____did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that __34___was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still ___35___ (live) today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, ____36___ runs a programme ___37____prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world 38 disappearing. If a problem seems too __39____ (difficulty) for a single nation, the ___40___ (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.
语法填空答题卡
1
16
31
2
17
32
3
18
33
4
19
34
5
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35
6
21
36
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9
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25
40
11
26
12
27
13
28
14
29
15
30
【Reading for Writing】(P8)
PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES
Lanzhou, 9 August 2017. A group of researchers and scientists from China and other ____1___ (country) are working together to help increase knowledge and ___2___ (appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and ___3___ (collect) digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, ___4___ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ___5___ (produce) since the international project ____6___ (start) in 1994.
The Mogao Caves have long been a ___7___ (meet) point for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries. Today, the caves are just ___8____ international as they were at the time _____9___ people travelled the Silk Road. ___10___ (tour) from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, ____11____ the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ___12____ (admire) in America.
By sharing so many digital photos ___13___ the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ___14___ (wide) interest around the world ____15___ China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to __16___ (far) educate people about the importance of ____17___ (safeguard) historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate. As one researcher ___18_____ is working on the project explains, “Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding ___19___ (one) . Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and ____20___ (understand) .”
【Assessing Your Progress】(P10)
Getting young people to take part in ___21____ (active) to protect their national heritage is a good way ____22___ (introduce) them to their country's history. As they learn more about where they come from, they will hopefully be proud ___23___ (tell) others about their country and culture. Of course, teachers must keep a balance ____24___ teaching the good and bad parts of a country's history. Learning only the good parts can lead __25___narrow thinking. Learning the bad parts may help prevent those kinds of things from ____26__ (happen) again. Students ____27___ know their history and culture are more likely ___28___ (make) sure that their cultural heritage ___29___ (protect) , and teachers can motivate students by asking them to come up __30____ their own ideas and make ____31___ (propose) for ways to protect this. One possible idea is for students ___32___ (raise) or donate money to an organisation or group ____33___ protects their country's cultural heritage. Teachers may also turn ___34___their local museums or ___35___ (history) societies for help in getting students more interested in this important field.
语法填空答题卡
1
16
31
2
17
32
3
18
33
4
19
34
5
20
35
6
21
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