内容正文:
2026暑假外研版初中英语七年级上Unit 5 The power of plants预习专项
一、核心知识点梳理
(一)核心词汇
英文单词
音标
词性&中文释义
拓展&搭配
power
/ˈpaʊə(r)/
n. 力量;能力;v. 驱动
常见搭配:the power of plants(植物的力量)、power a machine(驱动机器)、full of power(充满力量)
plant
/plɑːnt/
n. 植物;v. 种植
常见搭配:water plants(给植物浇水)、plant trees(种树)、a green plant(一株绿色植物)
leaf
/liːf/
n. 叶子;v. 翻页
复数:leaves;常见搭配:green leaves(绿叶)、leaf through a book(翻书)、falling leaves(落叶)
flower
/ˈflaʊə(r)/
n. 花;v. 开花
常见搭配:a bunch of flowers(一束花)、The tree flowers in spring.(这棵树春天开花。)、wild flowers(野花)
fruit
/fruːt/
n. 水果;果实;v. 结果实
常见搭配:fresh fruit(新鲜水果)、The tree fruits in autumn.(这棵树秋天结果。)、fruit tree(果树)
seed
/siːd/
n. 种子;v. 播种
常见搭配:plant seeds(播种)、sunflower seeds(葵花籽)、seed a field(在田里播种)
root
/ruːt/
n. 根;根源;v. 扎根
常见搭配:the root of a tree(树根)、root cause(根本原因)、root in the soil(扎根于土壤)
stem
/stem/
n. 茎;干;v. 起源于
常见搭配:the stem of a flower(花茎)、stem from(起源于)、a long stem(长茎)
grow
/ɡrəʊ/
v. 生长;种植;变得
常见搭配:grow up(长大)、grow vegetables(种蔬菜)、grow well(生长良好)
photosynthesis
/ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/
n. 光合作用
专业术语,常见搭配:the process of photosynthesis(光合作用的过程)、carry out photosynthesis(进行光合作用)
oxygen
/ˈɒksɪdʒən/
n. 氧气
常见搭配:produce oxygen(产生氧气)、oxygen level(氧气水平)、breathe oxygen(呼吸氧气)
carbon dioxide
/ˈkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/
二氧化碳
常见搭配:absorb carbon dioxide(吸收二氧化碳)、release carbon dioxide(释放二氧化碳)
absorb
/əbˈsɔːb/
v. 吸收;吸引
常见搭配:absorb water(吸收水分)、absorb attention(吸引注意力)、absorb energy(吸收能量)
release
/rɪˈliːs/
v. 释放;发布;n. 释放
常见搭配:release oxygen(释放氧气)、release a report(发布报告)、a press release(新闻稿)
important
/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/
adj. 重要的;重大的
常见搭配:an important meeting(重要会议)、be important to(对……重要)、very important(非常重要)
necessary
/ˈnesəsəri/
adj. 必要的;必需的
常见搭配:necessary conditions(必要条件)、It is necessary to do sth.(做某事是必要的)、necessary for life(生命必需的)
survive
/səˈvaɪv/
v. 生存;存活;幸存
常见搭配:survive in the wild(在野外生存)、survive an accident(在事故中幸存)、survive on(靠……生存)
environment
/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
n. 环境;周围状况
常见搭配:protect the environment(保护环境)、natural environment(自然环境)、living environment(生存环境)
ecosystem
/ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/
n. 生态系统
常见搭配:a balanced ecosystem(平衡的生态系统)、marine ecosystem(海洋生态系统)、protect the ecosystem(保护生态系统)
sunlight
/ˈsʌnlaɪt/
n. 阳光;日光
常见搭配:need sunlight(需要阳光)、bright sunlight(明亮的阳光)、in the sunlight(在阳光下)
soil
/sɔɪl/
n. 土壤;v. 弄脏
常见搭配:rich soil(肥沃的土壤)、plant in the soil(种在土壤里)、soil the clothes(弄脏衣服)
(二)核心短语
1. 植物结构类:green leaves(绿叶)、the root of a tree(树根)、the stem of a flower(花茎)、sunflower seeds(葵花籽)
2. 生理功能类:absorb carbon dioxide(吸收二氧化碳)、release oxygen(释放氧气)、the process of photosynthesis(光合作用的过程)、carry out photosynthesis(进行光合作用)
3. 生存需求类:need sunlight(需要阳光)、rich soil(肥沃的土壤)、absorb water(吸收水分)、grow well(生长良好)
4. 环境相关类:protect the environment(保护环境)、a balanced ecosystem(平衡的生态系统)、survive in the wild(在野外生存)、natural environment(自然环境)
5. 其他:the power of plants(植物的力量)、be important to(对……重要)、It is necessary to do sth.(做某事是必要的)、fresh fruit(新鲜水果)
(三)核心语法
1. 一般现在时表客观事实
用法:用于描述植物的生理特征、自然规律等不受时间限制的客观事实,是本单元核心时态
示例:Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.(植物吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。);Leaves carry out photosynthesis to make food.(叶子进行光合作用制造食物。)
2. 情态动词must表必要性
用法:表示“必须、一定”,后接动词原形,用于强调做某事的必要性,常用来提出保护植物、环境的建议
示例:We must protect plants.(我们必须保护植物。);Plants must get enough sunlight to grow.(植物必须获得足够的阳光才能生长。)
3. 被动语态的基础用法(一般现在时)
结构:am/is/are + 动词过去分词
用法:强调动作的承受者,当主语是动作的承受者时使用,常用于描述植物被作用的情况
示例:Oxygen is released by plants.(氧气由植物释放。);Water is absorbed by roots.(水分被根吸收。)
4. 形容词的重要性表达句型
结构:It is + 形容词(important/necessary等)+ to do sth.
用法:用于强调做某事的性质(重要、必要等),常用来表达对植物、环境的看法
示例:It is important to protect the environment.(保护环境很重要。);It is necessary to water plants regularly.(定期给植物浇水是必要的。)
5. 特殊疑问句(What/Why/How)
What:询问植物的结构、功能(如What does a leaf do?)
Why:询问原因(如Why are plants important?)
How:询问方式、状态(如How do plants grow?)
(四)核心交际句型
1. 询问植物结构与功能:
—What is the function of leaves?
—Leaves can carry out photosynthesis to make food for the plant.
2. 询问植物生长需求:
—What does a plant need to grow well?
—It needs water, sunlight, rich soil and carbon dioxide.
3. 表达保护建议与原因:
—Why should we protect plants?
—Because they produce oxygen and keep the ecosystem balanced. We must protect them.
4. 描述植物特征:
—What do roots do for a plant?
—Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil and hold the plant in place.
二、预习习题闯关(满分100分,时长90分钟)
(一)根据首字母或中文提示写单词(10题,每题2分,共20分)
1. The p______(力量)of plants helps them survive in different environments.
2. We should p______(种植)more trees to make the air cleaner.
3. The l______(叶子)of the maple tree turn red in autumn.
4. This kind of plant needs plenty of s______(阳光)to grow well.
5. Rich s______(土壤)is important for plants to get enough nutrients.
6. Plants a______(吸收)carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
7. It is n______(必要的)for us to protect the natural environment.
8. Many animals s______(生存)on plants for food and shelter.
9. The process of p______(光合作用)is unique to green plants.
10. A balanced e______(生态系统)is essential for all living things.
(二)中英互译(各10题,共20题,每题2分,共40分)
汉译英
1. 力量;能力 _____________________
2. 植物;种植 _____________________
3. 叶子 _____________________
4. 花;开花 _____________________
5. 生长;种植 _____________________
6. 氧气 _____________________
7. 吸收;吸引 _____________________
8. 释放;发布 _____________________
9. 重要的;重大的 _____________________
10. 环境;周围状况 _____________________
英译汉
1. fruit _____________________
2. seed _____________________
3. root _____________________
4. stem _____________________
5. photosynthesis _____________________
6. carbon dioxide _____________________
7. necessary _____________________
8. survive _____________________
9. ecosystem _____________________
10. sunlight _____________________
(三)单选题(10题,每题2分,共20分)
( )1. Plants ______ carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
A. absorb B. absorbs C. absorbed
( )2. It is important ______ the environment.
A. protect B. to protect C. protecting
( )3. We ______ protect plants because they are necessary for life.
A. can B. should C. must
( )4. Oxygen ______ by plants.
A. is released B. are released C. releases
( )5. What does a plant need ______ well?
A. grow B. to grow C. growing
( )6. Roots absorb water and nutrients ______ the soil.
A. from B. in C. on
( )7. The process of photosynthesis ______ place in leaves.
A. take B. takes C. taking
( )8. Why ______ plants important to humans?
A. is B. are C. do
( )9. This kind of plant ______ in dry environments.
A. survive B. survives C. surviving
( )10. It is necessary ______ plants regularly.
A. water B. to water C. watering
(四)句型转换(5题,每题2分,共10分)
1. Plants absorb carbon dioxide.(改为一般疑问句)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
2. It is important to protect the environment.(改为否定句)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
3. We must protect plants.(改为被动语态)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
4. Roots absorb water from the soil.(对划线部分提问)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
5. Plants need sunlight to grow.(对划线部分提问)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
(五)连词成句(5题,每题2分,共10分)
1. the, power, of, plants, amazing, is (.)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
2. plants, absorb, carbon, dioxide, and, release, oxygen (.)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
3. it, is, important, to, protect, the, environment (.)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
4. what, does, a, plant, need, to, grow, well (?)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
5. roots, absorb, water, and, nutrients, from, the, soil (.)
作答线:___________________________________________________________
三、参考答案
(一)根据首字母或中文提示写单词
1. power
2. plant
3. leaves
4. sunlight
5. soil
6. absorb
7. necessary
8. survive
9. photosynthesis
10. ecosystem
(二)中英互译
汉译英
1. power
2. plant
3. leaf
4. flower
5. grow
6. oxygen
7. absorb
8. release
9. important
10. environment
英译汉
1. 水果;果实;结果实
2. 种子;播种
3. 根;根源;扎根
4. 茎;干;起源于
5. 光合作用
6. 二氧化碳
7. 必要的;必需的
8. 生存;存活;幸存
9. 生态系统
10. 阳光;日光
(三)单选题
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. B
(四)句型转换
1. Do plants absorb carbon dioxide?
2. It is not important to protect the environment.
3. Plants must be protected by us.
4. What absorbs water from the soil?
5. What do plants need to grow?
(五)连词成句
1. The power of plants is amazing.
2. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
3. It is important to protect the environment.
4. What does a plant need to grow well?
5. Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
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