Unit 2 课时3 Grammar（教学课件）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦四种基本句型（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句），通过师生互动导入例句，系统讲解每种句型的定义、结构、标点及用法，构建从感知到理解的学习支架，帮助学生掌握语法规则。 其亮点在于迁移创新环节结合达尔文进化论等伟大想法案例，引导学生探究与讨论，培养思维品质和学习能力。应用实践与随堂小练多样化题型巩固语言能力，考点速递明确考试重点，助力学生提升综合素养，教师教学更高效。

Unit 2 Section 2 Grammar 沪教版新教材英语（九年级上） Great ideas 1 学习目标 I can talk about people with great ideas. understand different ways of coming up with new ideas. explain how a great idea solved a problem. find out how great ideas have changed our lives. 2 01 新 课 导 入 03 应 用 实 践 06 回 顾 总 结 07 随 堂 小 练 02 学 习 理 解 04 迁 移 创 新 05 考 点 速 递 学习内容 3 新课导入 1 4 Hello, boys and girls! Welcome to our English class. Today, we‘re going to explore the amazing world of sentences. Now let’s read the following sentences! I am a teacher. Open the door. What a beautiful day! Where do you live? 性格标签：稳重的“信息传递员” 1.陈述句 The Statement! It tells provides information about people, things, ideas, etc. It usually ends with a full stop (. ) The Statement! 2.疑问句 The Question! It always asks questions to find out information. When you want to know something, you use a question. It always ends with a question mark. The Question! 3. 祈使句 Listen carefully make requests Open the door. give orders Let’s take a break. give advice the Imperative! It gives orders, makes requests, or gives advice. The Imperative 4.感叹句 the Exclamation! It shows strong feelings like surprise, happiness, or excitement. It always ends with an exclamation mark to show its strong emotion. (!) The Exclamation 句子家族大合照 Let's take a family photo of our new friends. Remember, the Statement tells us facts, the Question asks for information, the Imperative gives orders, and the Exclamation shows strong feelings. Each has its own special role! the Statement the Question the Imperative the Exclamation 学习理解 02 11 Sentence types A sentence is a group of words that convey a complete idea. There are four main sentence types. 1 Statements A statement provides information about people, things, ideas, etc. It usually ends with a full stop (. ). Positive statement King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown. Negative statement It was not a real golden crown. 一、陈述句 陈述句用来说明事实、看法，描述动作、状态，阐明道理、原因，等等。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。 The sun is bright. 阳光灿烂。 We didn't go to school yesterday. 我们昨天没上学。 2 Questions We use questions to ask for information. It ends with a question mark(?). Yes/No question do you like apples? Wh-question What should l do? Alternative question What is the crown made of gold or something else? 二、疑问句 用来提问的句子。句末用问号。有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种，初中阶段要求掌握前三种。 （1）一般疑问句。用yes或no回答的问句。 Are you a student? 你是学生吗？ Do you like singing? 你喜欢唱歌吗？ （2）特殊疑问句。需要使用相应的疑问词来提问。 常见的疑问词：what什么，what time几点，when何时，where何地，why为什么，which哪个，who谁，whom（宾格）谁， whose谁的，how如何，how old多大年纪，how much多少，how many多少，how often多久一次，how far多远，how long多久，how soon多久以后 Who is your English teacher? 你们的英语老师是谁？ How many people are there in your family? 你家里有几口人？ Which bike is yours? 哪辆单车是你的？ How did you get there? 你怎么到那儿的？ Whose book is on the floor? 谁的书在地板上？ How long have you studied English? 你学英语多久了？ （3）选择疑问句。选择部分由连词or连接。 What would you like, tea or coffee? 你想喝什么，茶还是咖啡？ Are you going to the cinema or the library? 你是去电影院还是图书馆？ 3 Imperatives An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a full stop(. )or an exclamation mark(!). Please give me some gold of the same weight. Send the crown maker to prison! 三、祈使句 表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。 否定形式：Don’t / Never+动词原形+其他。 为了使语气显得客气，可在句首或者句尾加上please。please在句尾时，前面一般要加一个逗号。 Listen to me carefully. 仔细听我讲。 Be quiet! 安静！ Don’t talk loud in the library. 别在图书馆里大声喧哗。 Never swim in the river. 不要在河里游泳。 Please come this way. 请这边走。 Sit down, please. 请坐。 4 Exclamations An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feelings. It usually ends with an exclamation mark(!). How excited Archimedes was! What a bad man the crown maker is! 四、 感叹句 表示惊喜、愤怒、赞赏等感情的句子。多用what和how引导，句末用感叹号。 （1）what引导的感叹句（中心词是名词） ·What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！ ·What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！ What a lovely girl she is! 她是个多可爱的女孩啊！ What an interesting book it is! 这是一本多么有趣的书啊！ What beautiful flowers they are! （2）how引导的感叹句（中心词是形容词或副词） ·How+形容词(+主语+谓语)！ ·How+副词(+主语+谓语)！ How dirty your hands are! 你的手太脏啦！ How fast the boy is running! 那个男孩跑得真快！ 应用实践 03 23 1 Look at the sentences below and label the sentence types. (1)How did Archimedes discover the truth? (2)How clever he is! (3)King Hiero sent me to prison. ⑷ What a lonely place this is! ⑸ Will he let me out soon? (6) I don't want to stay here any Ion ger. (7) Please let me out! (1) _____________ (2) _____________ (3) _____________ ⑷ _____________ (5) _____________ ⑹ ______________ (7) _____________ 2 Combine each set of words into a sentence. Use correct punctuation. Remember to capitalize the first letter of each sentence. (1)felt | he| an electric shock (2)Benjamin Franklin| an amazing discovery | what | made (3)Did |how| he| his theory| prove He felt an electric shock. What an amazing discovery Benjamin Franklin made! How did he prove his theory? (4)cause |do| often| forest fires| lightning strikes (5)clever | how| was| Benjamin Franklin (6)can| which kind of| a wet one| an electric charge| a dry one| conduct| or| silkstring (7)the broken |touch |don't|electric wire Do lightning strikes often cause forest fires? How clever Benjamin Franklin was! Which kind of silk string can conduct an electric charge, a dry one or a wet one? Don't touch the broken electric wire. 迁移创新 04 27 3 Here are some great ideas that have changed the world. Choose one and research it on the internet. Then discuss in pairs. You may choose other ideas that interest you. Darwin's theory of evolution Newton's theory of gravity the World Wide Web ·What was the idea? ·Who first had the idea? How did he/she come up with the idea? ·How has the idea changed the world? What was the idea? All living things gradually evolve over time to adapt to nature, and only the fittest survive. Who first had the idea? How did he come up with it? Charles Darwin put forward the theory. He travelled widely, studied wildlife and collected enough evidence. How has it changed the world? It totally changed people's views on life and greatly influenced biology and environmental protection. Darwin's theory of evolution Darwin's theory of evolution What was the idea? Gravity is a force that pulls all objects toward one another. Who first had the idea? How did he come up with it? Isaac Newton created it. He got inspiration from a falling apple and did lots of research. How has it changed the world? It helped people understand the universe and laid the foundation for modern physics and space exploration. Newton's theory of gravity Isaac Newton What was the idea? It is a global system that links computers to share information online. Who first had the idea? How did he come up with it? Tim Berners-Lee invented it. He wanted to make information sharing easier for people worldwide. How has it changed the world? It connects the whole world, making our communication, study and work much more convenient. The World Wide Web 考点速递 05 32 考点一：特殊疑问句考查疑问词的辩异。 what 什么， who 谁， whose 谁的， which 哪个，哪些 when 什么时候， where 哪里， why 为什么， how 怎么，怎样 how old 多大年纪， how many 多少， how much 多少（钱） how often 隔多久 难点：how引出的疑问词组 how often 意为“多久一次”，提问频率。 表示频率的副词有always(总是), usually(通常), often(常常), sometimes/at times(有时), seldom(很少、不常), hardly(几乎不), never(决不、从来不)等； how long 有两种用法 ①how long意为“多长时间、多久”，提问一段时间，这是其主要用法。 表示一段时间的短语有：“for+一段时间” 意为“长达……”，如for four days(长达四天)；“since+时间点或时间状语从句” 意为“自从……以来”，如since yesterday/two days ago(自从昨天/两天前以来)等。 ②how long意为“多长”，提问事物的长度。 how soon 意为“多久以后”，对“in+一段时间”提问，意为“……之后(内)”，表示从现在到将来动作发生时为止的一段时间，常与一般将来时态连用。 如in some weeks(数周后)。 how far 意为“多远”，提问两地之间的距离。 表示两地间距离的短语常见的有five kilometers(五千米), a few miles(数英里), ten minutes’ walk(十分钟的步行路程), three hours’ ride(三小时的车程)等 how much 有两种用法 ①“多少钱”，对价格或价钱提问，相当于“What’s the price of sth.？” 意为“某物多少钱？”。 —How much is the bike? =What’s the price of the bike? 自行车的价格是多少？ —50. 五十美元。 ②“多少”，对不可数名词的数量提问，有时how much接的不可数名词可省略。 —How much bread would you like? 你要多少面包？ —Five kilos of bread. 五公斤。 how many “多少”，对复数名词的数量提问，有时how many接的复数名词可省略。 —How many watches do you want? 你要几块手表？ —Two watches. 两块。 考向二、感叹句 由what引导的感叹句 1. ① What + a / an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ ② What+名词词组+主语+谓语！ What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 由How引导的感叹句 （how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。） 1. How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！ How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! How quickly the boy is writing! 考向三、祈使句 祈使句基本结构 (1)Do型（以动词原形开头） (2)Be型（Be+表语，如名词、形容词） (3)Let型（Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他成分） 祈使句的否定结构是在动词原形前加don't 回顾总结 06 37 学习并归纳总结四类简单句的句型结构和用法。 课堂小练 07 39 一、单项选择 1. _________ is your elder sister? Is she a policewoman? A. What B. Who C. Where D. When 2. _________ water is there in the world? A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How 3. —________ have you been a member of the Youth League? —For three years. A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How far 4. --_____ did the trousers cost? －100 yuan. A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How long 5. --_______ is the woman in the room? －My aunt. A. When B. Who C. Whose D. Which 6. —I wonder ____ the students have a physical examination. —Once a year. A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often 7. ______do you sleep every day, Eric? -For about eight hours. A. How much B. How fast C. How often D. How long 8. Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel? It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi. A. how far B. how long C. how soon D. how much 9. ________ do you learn these words by heart? By using them in different ways. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 10. _____ will your grandmother come back from the hospital? —In one week. A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much 11. — Do you prefer to visit the museum or the park this weekend? — ________. I’m really interested in history. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. The museum D. The park 12. —________ you ever ________ a speech contest? —Yes, I have. A. Have; taken part in B. Did; take part in C. Do; take part in D. Are; taking part in 13. ________! The movie will start in five minutes. A. Hurry up B. Hurry to C. In a hurry D. Hurried 14. —The floor is wet. ________ slowly, please. —OK, I’ll be careful. A. To walk B. Walk C. Walks D. Walking 15. Work hard, ________ you ________ pass the exam. A. but; won’t B. or; don’t C. and; aren’t D. or; won’t 16. ______ useful advice! I will make changes ______ my diet. A. What; with B. How; to C. How; with D. What; to 17. ________ little time they spent finishing such a big invention! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 18. _____ exciting news it is! Our school football team won the first prize. — Great! It’s the first time in human history. A. How an B. What an C. How D. What 19. ________ great fun we have ________ with each other at lunchtime! A. What; chatting B. How; to chat C. What; to chat D. How; chatting 20. Take a bottle of water with you, _____you _____thirsty on the way. A. and; will feel B. and; won’t feel C. or; won’t feel D. but; will feel Thank you！ 44 $