Unit 1 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 该同步练习通过A/B/C组+拓展分层设计，构建"词汇基础-语法应用-语篇综合-高考衔接"的巩固路径，梯度清晰，适配新授课分层教学需求，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇、短语翻译、单词拼写|聚焦基础语言知识，通过机械练习夯实语言能力| |B组能力进阶|语法应用、句型转换|结合课文情境，强化语法规则与句式结构的灵活运用| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑补全|选用期中/期末真题，提升信息获取与批判性思维| |拓展链接高考|高考题型衔接|对接高考语法填空、七选五，培养应试能力|

分层作业 Unit 1 Period 1 Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. in one’s mind 2. over and over again 3. rush out of the door 4. explore the campus a bit 5. turn around 6. a white-haired man 7. find out 8. step into the classroom 9. one by one 10. introduce oneself to the class 11. turn on one’s brain 12. insect collection 13. butterflies in one’s stomach 14. breathe deeply 15. in panic 16. make me a lot more relaxed 17. make the most of one’s time at senior high 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. 2. curious 3. impression 4. campus 5. moment 6. author 7. eagerness 8. explore 9. engine 10. insect 11. organise 12. nudge 13. breathe 14. panic 15. challenges 16. pressure 17. calm 18. description 19. confident 20. embarrassed 21. surprised 三、单句语法填空。 1. had pictured 2. eagerness 3. to get 4. arrived 5. to explore 6. on 7. Turning 8. would be 9. would find 10. to see 11. to introduce 12. to turn 13. gave 14. breathed 15. laughing / to laugh 16. in 17. embarrassed 18. under 19. be prepared 20. of 1. 2. over; over; in 3. big day 4. rushed out of 5. get to know 6. was still 7. to explore 8. Turning; white-haired 9. what; would be 10. find out 11. stepped into 12. to see 13. one by one 14. turn on 15. butterflies; breathed 16. in panic 17. a lot more relaxed 18. under pressure 19. Keep; be 20. make the most of 21. beginning to 五、语法填空 【小题 1】Fortunately 【小题 2】were asked 【小题 3】confidently 【小题 4】moments 【小题 5】hadn’t practiced 【小题 6】it 【小题 7】that 【小题 8】to 【小题 9】If/When 【小题 10】to explore 【导语】 本文讲述了作者高中第一周的学习与生活经历。 【详解】 【小题 1】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我的新同学都很友好，老师让我们感觉像在家一样。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，fortunate 的副词形式为 fortunately，意为 “幸运地”，且位于句首首字母大写。 【小题 2】考查时态和语态。句意：第一天，我们被要求做自我介绍。主语 we 与 ask 之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 we，be 动词用 were。 【小题 3】考查副词。句意：轮到我时，我站起来自信地谈论我的爱好，包括打篮球和阅读科幻小说。此处修饰动词 spoke，应用副词形式，confident 的副词形式为 confidently，意为 “自信地”。 【小题 4】考查名词。句意：最令人印象深刻的时刻之一是学校的体育节。“one of + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示 “…… 之一”。 【小题 5】考查时态。句意：我报名参加了 100 米赛跑，尽管我已经很久没有练习了。not practice 发生在 signed up 之前，表示 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时。 【小题 6】考查代词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我成功进入了决赛并获得了第三名。make it 为固定短语，意为 “成功”。 【小题 7】考查同位语从句。句意：老师说：“毫无疑问你很有运动潜力。” There is no doubt that… 为固定句型，表示 “毫无疑问……”，that 引导同位语从句，不可省略。 【小题 8】考查介词。句意：回顾过去，我意识到成功的关键是不断尝试，永不放弃。key to… 是固定短语，意为 “…… 的关键”，to 为介词，其后接名词或动名词。 【小题 9】考查连词。句意：如果 (当) 你相信自己，你几乎可以成就任何事情。根据句意，可用 if 引导条件状语从句，也可用 when 引导时间状语从句，且位于句首首字母大写。 【小题 10】考查非谓语动词。句意：高中生活充满机会，我迫不及待地想在接下来的几年探索更多。can’t wait to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “迫不及待做某事”。 六、阅读理解 【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【导语】 本文介绍加州大学学生发起“重启计划”，举办无手机聚会，倡导理性使用电子产品，借此加强面对面交流，重新建立真实的人际联系。 【详解】 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The events are organized by Project Reboot, a student-led movement focused on helping young people build healthier relationships with technology. The group is careful to point out that it is not anti-technology. Instead, its goal is to help students take back control of their attention and use technology with purposes rather than letting it control them.(这些活动由“重启计划”组织，这是一项由学生发起的活动，旨在帮助年轻人与科技建立更健康的相处模式。该组织特意表明自己并非反对科技，其目标是帮助学生夺回自身注意力的掌控权，有目的地使用科技，而非被科技支配。)” 可知，该项目的核心目标是倡导健康使用电子产品。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第三段 “"It sucks (糟透了) that on a regular basis I am having to fight with my phone and I feel like I am losing control over my life," student Dawson Kelly said.(学生道森·凯利表示：“我总是要和手机较劲，感觉自己失去了对生活的掌控，这实在太糟糕了。”) ” 可知，道森这类学生心情糟糕是因为电子产品使用习惯支配了他们的日常生活。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据第四段 “Without screens competing for attention, conversations become more meaningful and people feel more present with one another. Many students involved in the movement say they worry their generation is losing the ability to truly connect face-to-face.(没有电子屏幕抢夺注意力，交谈变得更有意义，人们能更专注地陪伴彼此。参与这项活动的许多学生担心他们这代人正在丧失真正面对面交流的能力。)” 可知，无手机活动旨在改善人们面对面的真实沟通。 【小题4】主旨大意题。通读全文特别是根据第一段 “Students on campus have started hosting "no-phone parties," gatherings where attendees leave their devices behind and focus instead on conversation, creativity, and real human relationship.(校园里的学生们开始举办“无手机派对”，参与聚会的人都放下电子设备，专心交谈、发挥创意，维系真实的人际交往。)” 以及最后一段 “In a world filled with distractions (分心的事物), they believe putting down a phone for a few hours might be one of the most powerful ways to reconnect with yourself and the people around you.(当今世界充斥着各种使人分心的事物，他们相信，放下手机几小时，或许是重新与自我、身边人建立联结最有效的方式之一。)” 可知，文章核心讲述放下手机能拉近人与人之间的距离。 七、七选五 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了创建高中社团的四个基本步骤。 1.C由上文“Creating an association (社团) at senior high school can be a rewarding experience. (在高中创建社团可能是一次有益的经历)”可知，上文提到创建社团是有益的。本空应进一步说明这种益处或这种经历所带来的好处。C选项“It’s a chance to meet new people and try new things (这是一个结识新朋友和尝试新事物的机会)”具体说明了创建社团所带来的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 2.A此空为段落标题。由下文“Before you begin, it’s crucial to think about what you want to achieve, whether it is to create a space for students with similar interests, to organize social events, or to support a particular cause. (在你开始之前，重要的是要想清楚你想要实现什么，无论是为兴趣相似的学生创造一个空间，组织社交活动，还是支持某个特定的事业)”可知，本段主要讲的是在开始创建社团之前要明确方向。A选项“Set your directions (设定你的方向)”能够概括本段内容，作为标题合适。故选A。 3.E由上文“Spread the word through posters, social media, and announcements. Stress rewarding experiences members can expect. (通过海报、社交媒体和公告来传播这个消息。强调成员可以期待的奖励性经历)”和下文“Encourage them to share their ideas and suggestions, making them feel involved from the start. (鼓励他们分享自己的想法和建议，让他们从一开始就感觉到自己是参与其中的)”可知，本空内容应该是关于如何吸引成员并让他们了解社团的。E选项“Interested students can learn more about your goals and activities (感兴趣的学生可以了解更多关于你的目标和活动)”能承上启下，说明了如何通过传播消息让感兴趣的学生了解社团，并鼓励他们参与，符合题意。故选E。 4.G由下文“For example, partnering with an environmental club for a joint tree planting event can create a larger sense of community. (例如，与环境俱乐部合作举办联合植树活动可以增强社区意识)”可知，上文举例说明了与其他社团合作可以扩大社团的影响力，本空应强调与其他社团合作的好处。G选项“Besides, consider working with other school clubs to enlarge your reach (此外，考虑与其他学校社团合作以扩大你的影响力)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 5.F由上文“Recognize and celebrate the contributions of your members, and provide opportunities for them to take on leadership roles and responsibilities. (认可并庆祝你的成员的贡献，并为他们提供担任领导角色和承担责任的机会)”可知，上文讲的是要认可成员的贡献并给他们提供机会。本空应该进一步说明这种做法的好处。F选项“Celebrate your successes together to help keep everyone connected (一起庆祝你们的成功，帮助大家保持联系)”能承接上文，说明了庆祝成功和认可贡献可以增强社团的凝聚力，符合题意。故选F。 【答案】 【小题 1】D 【小题 2】G 【小题 3】E 【小题 4】F 【小题 5】B 【导语】 主要说明了学校开设善意课程，借活动引导学生共情互助。学生遇受伤同学主动送上祝福，各类实践活动培养善意，拉近同学关系，营造温暖校园。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据上文 “Walking to class one day, Laura, a member of our kindness programme, saw a young student crying and waiting for his mother to arrive. He had injured his chin (下巴) while playing. When Laura got to class, the other students were upset and afraid for their friend, full of questions about what would happen to him.(一天去上课路上，我们 “善意计划” 的成员劳拉看到一名年轻学生在哭泣，等待母亲的到来。他在玩耍时撞伤了下巴。当 Laura 到达教室时，其他同学都感到难过和害怕，担心朋友的安危，纷纷好奇他会遭遇什么)” 可知，第一段末尾提到 Laura 回到教室后同学们都为受伤的同学担心，D 选项 “Laura 询问全班同学可以怎么帮助这名男孩” 承接上文，引出下文同学们想到关爱练习的内容，符合逻辑。 【小题 2】根据上文 “"Caring practice!" shouted one of the children, and they all sat in a circle offering support and well wishes.(“关爱实践！” 其中一个孩子喊道，大家围成一圈，互相给予支持和祝福)” 以及后文 “In it, children were introduced to stories and practices for paying attention, regulating their emotions, and developing kindness.(在其中，孩子们学习了故事以及专注力、情绪调节和培养善良行为的相关实践)” 可知，第二段前文描述了同学们主动围成祝福圈的行为，G 选项 “这就是孩子们从友善项目中学到友善后，能够做到的事” 承接上文行为，引出下文对项目内容的介绍，符合逻辑，其中 it 指代前文的 kindness programme。 【小题 3】根据上文 “Why teach kindness to kids? The school environment can be very stressful.(为什么要教孩子善良？学校环境可能非常紧张)” 以及后文 “Being ignored, or laughed at is painful for a young child, and we thought it could be helpful to teach kindness. When other kids are suffering, can we understand how they might be feeling? Kindness bridges those gaps and helps build a sense of connection among students.(被忽视或嘲笑对年幼的孩子来说是痛苦的，我们觉得可以借此机会教导他们善良。当其他孩子正在受苦时，我们能否理解他们可能的感受？善良能够弥合这些隔阂，帮助学生之间建立起情感上的联结)” 可知，第三段前文提到学校环境压力大，后文提到被忽视、被嘲笑对孩子来说很痛苦，E 选项 “很多孩子难以交朋友，也很难在课堂有好表现” 承接压力的话题，引出下文孩子的困境，符合逻辑。 【小题 4】根据上文 “You might have seen a poster on our classroom wall called "Kindness Garden". When kids performed an act of kindness or benefited from one, they added a sticker to the poster. Through the activity, we got students talking about how kindness feels good and how we might grow more friendship in the classroom.(你可能在我们教室的墙上看到过一张名为 “善意花园” 的海报。当孩子们做出善意行为或从中受益时，就会在海报上贴上一张贴纸。通过这项活动，我们让学生们开始讨论善意带来的美好感受，以及如何在课堂上建立更多的友谊)” 以及后文 “That care often begins with simple acts of kindness.(这种关怀往往始于一些简单的善意)” 可知，第四段围绕 “友善花园” 活动展开，提到活动目的是在班级培养友谊，F 选项 “这个理念认为，友谊就像幼苗，需要呵护才能生长” 呼应 “花园” 的比喻，引出下文 “这种呵护始于小善举” 的内容，符合逻辑。 【小题 5】根据上文 “To teach kindness, we can use caring practice. When the boy injured his chin, the other kids got together to do this practice: "May you be safe, may you be happy, may you be healthy." (为了教导善良，我们可以采用关怀的实践。当那个男孩伤到下巴时，其他孩子们聚在一起做了这样的练习：“愿你平安，愿你快乐，愿你健康。”) ” 以及后文 “To my school, to my whole community... Faced with unhappiness, the children found comfort and support for themselves and their friend rather than feeling upset and worried. It’ s these small changes, spread across classrooms, that could make schools nicer and educate a new generation of kinder and more connected citizens.(为了我的学校，为了整个社区…… 面对不快乐，孩子们找到了安慰与支持，而不是感到沮丧和焦虑。正是这些在各个教室中悄然发生的小小改变，能让学校变得更加美好，并培养出新一代更友善、更有联结感的公民)” 可知，第五段前文提到孩子们为受伤男孩送上祝福，后文提到祝福延伸到整个社区，B 选项 “这些祝福可以延伸得更远” 承接前文祝福，引出下文延伸范围的描述，符合逻辑。 $分层作业 Unit 1 Period 1 Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. 在脑海中 3. 一遍又一遍 4. 冲出门 5. 探索一下校园 6. 转身 7. 一位白发老人 8. 发现，查明 9. 走进教室 10. 一个接一个地 11. 向全班介绍自己 12. 让大脑运转起来 13. 昆虫收藏 14. 心里七上八下 15. 深呼吸 16. 惊慌地 17. 使我放松了许多 18. 充分利用高中时光 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. I am very ________（好奇的）about my new school. 2. What was your first ________（印象）of senior high? 3. The school ________（校园）was still quiet when I arrived. 4. At that ________（时刻）, I felt both excited and nervous. 5. The ________（作者）wrote about his first day at senior high. 6. In his ________（渴望）to know the new school, he got up early. 7. Meng Hao decided to ________（探索）the campus a bit. 8. The car’s ________（发动机）wouldn’t start. 9. He wanted to talk about his ________（昆虫）collection. 10. Please ________（组织）your words before you speak. 11. The girl next to him gave him a ________（轻推）. 12. He began to ________（呼吸）deeply before speaking. 13. He looked at everyone in ________（惊慌）. 14. Senior high will bring many new ________（挑战）. 15. Challenges may sometimes put us under ________（压力）. 16. We should keep ________（镇静的）when facing problems. 17. Which ________（描述）is the best for Meng Hao’s first day? 18. After the English class, he felt more ________（自信的）. 19. Although he was ________（尴尬的）, the teacher’s words made him relaxed. 20. He was ________（惊讶的）to see the same man in the classroom. 三、单句语法填空。 1. After I ________（picture）it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. 2. I woke up early in my ________（eager）to get to know my new school. 3. Meng Hao rushed out of the door ________（get）to school early. 4. The campus was still quiet when he ________（arrive）. 5. He decided ________（explore）the campus a bit. 6. He was looking at the photos ________ the noticeboard. 7. ________（turn）around, he saw a white-haired man. 8. He wondered what life ________（be）like there. 9. The man told him that he ________（find）out soon. 10. Meng Hao was surprised ________（see）the same man in the classroom. 11. The teacher asked everyone ________（introduce）themselves. 12. He tried ________（turn）on his brain, but the engine wouldn’t start. 13. He was organising his words when the girl next to him ________（give）him a nudge. 14. With butterflies in his stomach, he ________（breathe）deeply. 15. Everyone started ________（laugh）after he introduced himself. 16. He looked at them ________ panic. 17. Although he was ________（embarrass）, the teacher’s words made him relaxed. 18. Challenges at senior high might put students ________ pressure. 19. Keep calm and ________（prepare）. 20. That way, you’ll make the most ________ your time at senior high. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我在脑海中一遍又一遍地想象它。 I pictured it ________ and ________ again ________ my mind. 2. 那个重要的日子终于到了。 The ________ ________ finally arrived. 3. 我早早醒来，冲出了门。 I woke up early and ________ ________ ________ the door. 4. 我渴望了解我的新学校。 I was eager to ________ ________ ________ my new school. 5. 校园仍然很安静。 The campus ________ ________ quiet. 6. 我决定稍微探索一下。 I decided ________ ________ a bit. 7. 转过身来，我看到了一位白发老人。 ________ around, I saw a ________ man. 8. 我想知道这里的生活会是什么样。 I wondered ________ life ________ ________ like here. 9. 你很快就会知道的。 You’ll soon ________ ________. 10. 英语老师走进了教室。 The English teacher ________ ________ the classroom. 11. 我惊讶地看到他就是我之前见过的那个人。 I was surprised ________ ________ the same man I had met earlier. 12. 老师让我们一个接一个地介绍自己。 The teacher asked us to introduce ourselves ________ ________ ________. 13. 我试着让大脑运转起来。 I tried to ________ ________ my brain. 14. 我心里七上八下，深吸了一口气。 With ________ in my stomach, I ________ deeply. 15. 我惊慌地看着他们。 I looked at them ________ ________. 16. 他的话让我放松了许多。 His words made me ________ ________ ________ ________. 17. 高中的挑战有时会让你承受压力。 Challenges at senior high might sometimes put you ________ ________. 18. 保持镇静，做好准备。 ________ calm and ________ prepared. 19. 这样，你就能充分利用高中时光。 That way, you’ll ________ ________ ________ ________ your time at senior high. 20. 我想这是我新学校生活的一个好开始。 I guess this was a good ________ ________ my new school life. 五、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 （25-26高一上·郑州一中·期中）My first week at senior high school was both exciting and challenging. I remember the day when I walked into the classroom, feeling a little nervous.     1     (fortunate), my new classmates were very friendly, and the teacher made us feel at home. On the first day, we     2     (ask) to introduce ourselves. When it was my turn, I stood up and spoke     3     (confident) about my hobbies, including playing basketball and reading science fiction. One of the most impressive     4     (moment) was the school’s sports festival. I signed up for the 100-meter race, though I     5     (not practice) for a long time. To my surprise, I made     6     to the final and won the third place. My teacher said, “There is no doubt     7     you have great potential in sports.” Those words encouraged me a lot. Looking back, I realize that the key     8     success is to keep trying and never give up.     9     you believe in yourself, you can achieve almost anything. High school life is full of opportunities, and I can’t wait     10     (explore) more in the coming years. 六、阅读理解（25-26高一上·郑州一中·期中） At a time when endless scrolling (刷屏) and constant notifications (通知) fill daily life, a group of college students at University of California is trying something refreshingly simple: putting their phones away and reconnecting with the real world. Students on campus have started hosting “no-phone parties,” gatherings where attendees leave their devices behind and focus instead on conversation, creativity, and real human relationship. The events are organized by Project Reboot, a student-led movement focused on helping young people build healthier relationships with technology. The group is careful to point out that it is not anti-technology. Instead, its goal is to help students take back control of their attention and use technology with purposes rather than letting it control them. “Technology is neither good nor bad,” the organization explains. “While it has the power to addict and depress, it also has the potential to inform and inspire.” According to a survey of UC Berkeley undergraduates, 78% of students said their phone use prevents them from “thinking deeply or being creative.” “It sucks (糟透了) that on a regular basis I am having to fight with my phone and I feel like I am losing control over my life,” student Dawson Kelly said. That feeling is shared among those students who attend the no-phone gatherings. Without screens competing for attention, conversations become more meaningful and people feel more present with one another. Many students involved in the movement say they worry their generation is losing the ability to truly connect face-to-face. Through small but intentional habit changes, Project Reboot hopes students can strengthen qualities like carefulness and creativity while spending less time trapped in endless scrolling. And the students behind the movement hope their idea spreads far beyond the Berkeley campus. In a world filled with distractions (分心的事物), they believe putting down a phone for a few hours might be one of the most powerful ways to reconnect with yourself and the people around you. 1. What is the main goal of Project Reboot according to Para. 2? A．To ban technological devices. B．To prove technology is harmful. C．To promote healthy digital use. D．To organize campus entertainment. 2. Why do students like Dawson feel bad? A．They lack access to modern digital tools. B．Their digital habits control their daily lives. C．They fail to complete academic surveys. D．Their screen time harms their physical health. 3. What is the no-phone movement intended to do? A．To reduce the students’ face-to-face arguments. B．To make students’ academic grades better. C．To make traditional campus parties more popular. D．To improve real face-to-face communication. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A．Digital reduction ensures academic success. B．Putting down phones makes people closer. C．Smartphones improve young people’s creativity. D．College students should refuse technology completely. 七、七选五 （25-26高一下·江苏常州·期末）Creating an association (社团) at senior high school can be a rewarding experience. 1 . Here are four essential steps to help you get started. 2 Before you begin, it’s crucial to think about what you want to achieve, whether it is to create a space for students with similar interests, to organize social events, or to support a particular cause. This will help you stay focused and attract like-minded members. For example, if you want to create a book club, you might be to share and discuss literature, develop critical thinking, and build a community of readers. Build a team With a clear purpose in mind, the next step is to recruit members. Spread the word through posters, social media, and announcements. Stress rewarding experiences members can expect. 3 . Encourage them to share their ideas and suggestions, making them feel involved from the start. Then choose officers who are passionate and take their responsibilities for your association’s mission. Organize activities Plan and organize activities that align with (使一致)your association’s purpose. If your association is focused on social events, consider hosting movie nights, game tournaments, or themed parties. Ensure that your activities are inclusive and cover the diverse interests of your members. 4 . For example, partnering with an environmental club for a joint tree planting event can create a larger sense of community. Create a positive environment Building a positive environment is key to the success of any social association. Encourage open and respectful communication among members, creating a safe space where everyone feels comfortable sharing their ideas and opinions. Recognize and celebrate the contributions of your members, and provide opportunities for them to take on leadership roles and responsibilities. 5 . A．Set your directions B．Seek professional support C．It’s a chance to meet new people and try new things D．This could be through mapping out a detailed plan for events E．Interested students can learn more about your goals and activities F．Celebrate your successes together to help keep everyone connected G．Besides, consider working with other school clubs to enlarge your reach （25-26·高一下·盐城期末） Walking to class one day, Laura, a member of our kindness programme, saw a young student crying and waiting for his mother to arrive. He had injured his chin (下巴) while playing. When Laura got to class, the other students were upset and afraid for their friend, full of questions about what would happen to him.     1     “Caring practice!” shouted one of the children, and they all sat in a circle offering support and well wishes.     2     In it, children were introduced to stories and practices for paying attention, regulating their emotions, and developing kindness. Why teach kindness to kids? The school environment can be very stressful.     3     Being ignored, or laughed at is painful for a young child, and we thought it could be helpful to teach kindness. When other kids are suffering, can we understand how they might be feeling? Kindness bridges those gaps and helps build a sense of connection among students. You might have seen a poster on our classroom wall called “Kindness Garden”. When kids performed an act of kindness or benefited from one, they added a sticker to the poster. Through the activity, we got students talking about how kindness feels good and how we might grow more friendship in the classroom.     4     That care often begins with simple acts of kindness. To teach kindness, we can use caring practice. When the boy injured his chin, the other kids got together to do this practice: “May you be safe, may you be happy, may you be healthy.”     5     To my school, to my whole community... Faced with unhappiness, the children found comfort and support for themselves and their friend rather than feeling upset and worried. It’s these small changes, spread across classrooms, that could make schools nicer and educate a new generation of kinder and more connected citizens. A．Young kids can be as brave as adults. B．These wishes can be extended further. C．Students learn to see themselves as performers. D．Laura decided to ask the class how they could help him. E．Many struggle to make friends and perform well in class. F．The idea is that friendship, like a young plant, needs care to grow. G．This is what’s possible when kids learn kindness from the programme. $分层作业 Unit 1 Period 1 Understanding ideas 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. 在脑海中 3. 一遍又一遍 4. 冲出门 5. 探索一下校园 6. 转身 7. 一位白发老人 8. 发现，查明 9. 走进教室 10. 一个接一个地 11. 向全班介绍自己 12. 让大脑运转起来 13. 昆虫收藏 14. 心里七上八下 15. 深呼吸 16. 惊慌地 17. 使我放松了许多 18. 充分利用高中时光 【答案】 1. 2. in one’s mind 3. over and over again 4. rush out of the door 5. explore the campus a bit 6. turn around 7. a white-haired man 8. find out 9. step into the classroom 10. one by one 11. introduce oneself to the class 12. turn on one’s brain 13. insect collection 14. butterflies in one’s stomach 15. breathe deeply 16. in panic 17. make me a lot more relaxed 18. make the most of one’s time at senior high 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. I am very ________（好奇的）about my new school. 2. What was your first ________（印象）of senior high? 3. The school ________（校园）was still quiet when I arrived. 4. At that ________（时刻）, I felt both excited and nervous. 5. The ________（作者）wrote about his first day at senior high. 6. In his ________（渴望）to know the new school, he got up early. 7. Meng Hao decided to ________（探索）the campus a bit. 8. The car’s ________（发动机）wouldn’t start. 9. He wanted to talk about his ________（昆虫）collection. 10. Please ________（组织）your words before you speak. 11. The girl next to him gave him a ________（轻推）. 12. He began to ________（呼吸）deeply before speaking. 13. He looked at everyone in ________（惊慌）. 14. Senior high will bring many new ________（挑战）. 15. Challenges may sometimes put us under ________（压力）. 16. We should keep ________（镇静的）when facing problems. 17. Which ________（描述）is the best for Meng Hao’s first day? 18. After the English class, he felt more ________（自信的）. 19. Although he was ________（尴尬的）, the teacher’s words made him relaxed. 20. He was ________（惊讶的）to see the same man in the classroom. 【答案】 1. 2. curious 3. impression 4. campus 5. moment 6. author 7. eagerness 8. explore 9. engine 10. insect 11. organise 12. nudge 13. breathe 14. panic 15. challenges 16. pressure 17. calm 18. description 19. confident 20. embarrassed 21. surprised 三、单句语法填空。 1. After I ________（picture）it over and over again in my mind, the big day finally arrived. 2. I woke up early in my ________（eager）to get to know my new school. 3. Meng Hao rushed out of the door ________（get）to school early. 4. The campus was still quiet when he ________（arrive）. 5. He decided ________（explore）the campus a bit. 6. He was looking at the photos ________ the noticeboard. 7. ________（turn）around, he saw a white-haired man. 8. He wondered what life ________（be）like there. 9. The man told him that he ________（find）out soon. 10. Meng Hao was surprised ________（see）the same man in the classroom. 11. The teacher asked everyone ________（introduce）themselves. 12. He tried ________（turn）on his brain, but the engine wouldn’t start. 13. He was organising his words when the girl next to him ________（give）him a nudge. 14. With butterflies in his stomach, he ________（breathe）deeply. 15. Everyone started ________（laugh）after he introduced himself. 16. He looked at them ________ panic. 17. Although he was ________（embarrass）, the teacher’s words made him relaxed. 18. Challenges at senior high might put students ________ pressure. 19. Keep calm and ________（prepare）. 20. That way, you’ll make the most ________ your time at senior high. 【答案】 22. 1. had pictured 2. eagerness 3. to get 4. arrived 5. to explore 6. on 7. Turning 8. would be 9. would find 10. to see 11. to introduce 12. to turn 13. gave 14. breathed 15. laughing / to laugh 16. in 17. embarrassed 18. under 19. be prepared 20. of 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我在脑海中一遍又一遍地想象它。 I pictured it ________ and ________ again ________ my mind. 2. 那个重要的日子终于到了。 The ________ ________ finally arrived. 3. 我早早醒来，冲出了门。 I woke up early and ________ ________ ________ the door. 4. 我渴望了解我的新学校。 I was eager to ________ ________ ________ my new school. 5. 校园仍然很安静。 The campus ________ ________ quiet. 6. 我决定稍微探索一下。 I decided ________ ________ a bit. 7. 转过身来，我看到了一位白发老人。 ________ around, I saw a ________ man. 8. 我想知道这里的生活会是什么样。 I wondered ________ life ________ ________ like here. 9. 你很快就会知道的。 You’ll soon ________ ________. 10. 英语老师走进了教室。 The English teacher ________ ________ the classroom. 11. 我惊讶地看到他就是我之前见过的那个人。 I was surprised ________ ________ the same man I had met earlier. 12. 老师让我们一个接一个地介绍自己。 The teacher asked us to introduce ourselves ________ ________ ________. 13. 我试着让大脑运转起来。 I tried to ________ ________ my brain. 14. 我心里七上八下，深吸了一口气。 With ________ in my stomach, I ________ deeply. 15. 我惊慌地看着他们。 I looked at them ________ ________. 16. 他的话让我放松了许多。 His words made me ________ ________ ________ ________. 17. 高中的挑战有时会让你承受压力。 Challenges at senior high might sometimes put you ________ ________. 18. 保持镇静，做好准备。 ________ calm and ________ prepared. 19. 这样，你就能充分利用高中时光。 That way, you’ll ________ ________ ________ ________ your time at senior high. 20. 我想这是我新学校生活的一个好开始。 I guess this was a good ________ ________ my new school life. 【答案】 1. 2. over; over; in 3. big day 4. rushed out of 5. get to know 6. was still 7. to explore 8. Turning; white-haired 9. what; would be 10. find out 11. stepped into 12. to see 13. one by one 14. turn on 15. butterflies; breathed 16. in panic 17. a lot more relaxed 18. under pressure 19. Keep; be 20. make the most of 21. beginning to 五、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 （25-26高一上·郑州一中·期中）My first week at senior high school was both exciting and challenging. I remember the day when I walked into the classroom, feeling a little nervous.     1     (fortunate), my new classmates were very friendly, and the teacher made us feel at home. On the first day, we     2     (ask) to introduce ourselves. When it was my turn, I stood up and spoke     3     (confident) about my hobbies, including playing basketball and reading science fiction. One of the most impressive     4     (moment) was the school’s sports festival. I signed up for the 100-meter race, though I     5     (not practice) for a long time. To my surprise, I made     6     to the final and won the third place. My teacher said, “There is no doubt     7     you have great potential in sports.” Those words encouraged me a lot. Looking back, I realize that the key     8     success is to keep trying and never give up.     9     you believe in yourself, you can achieve almost anything. High school life is full of opportunities, and I can’t wait     10     (explore) more in the coming years. 【答案】 【小题 1】Fortunately 【小题 2】were asked 【小题 3】confidently 【小题 4】moments 【小题 5】hadn’t practiced 【小题 6】it 【小题 7】that 【小题 8】to 【小题 9】If/When 【小题 10】to explore 【导语】 本文讲述了作者高中第一周的学习与生活经历。 【详解】 【小题 1】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我的新同学都很友好，老师让我们感觉像在家一样。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，fortunate 的副词形式为 fortunately，意为 “幸运地”，且位于句首首字母大写。 【小题 2】考查时态和语态。句意：第一天，我们被要求做自我介绍。主语 we 与 ask 之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 we，be 动词用 were。 【小题 3】考查副词。句意：轮到我时，我站起来自信地谈论我的爱好，包括打篮球和阅读科幻小说。此处修饰动词 spoke，应用副词形式，confident 的副词形式为 confidently，意为 “自信地”。 【小题 4】考查名词。句意：最令人印象深刻的时刻之一是学校的体育节。“one of + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示 “…… 之一”。 【小题 5】考查时态。句意：我报名参加了 100 米赛跑，尽管我已经很久没有练习了。not practice 发生在 signed up 之前，表示 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时。 【小题 6】考查代词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我成功进入了决赛并获得了第三名。make it 为固定短语，意为 “成功”。 【小题 7】考查同位语从句。句意：老师说：“毫无疑问你很有运动潜力。” There is no doubt that… 为固定句型，表示 “毫无疑问……”，that 引导同位语从句，不可省略。 【小题 8】考查介词。句意：回顾过去，我意识到成功的关键是不断尝试，永不放弃。key to… 是固定短语，意为 “…… 的关键”，to 为介词，其后接名词或动名词。 【小题 9】考查连词。句意：如果 (当) 你相信自己，你几乎可以成就任何事情。根据句意，可用 if 引导条件状语从句，也可用 when 引导时间状语从句，且位于句首首字母大写。 【小题 10】考查非谓语动词。句意：高中生活充满机会，我迫不及待地想在接下来的几年探索更多。can’t wait to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “迫不及待做某事”。 六、阅读理解（25-26高一上·郑州一中·期中） At a time when endless scrolling (刷屏) and constant notifications (通知) fill daily life, a group of college students at University of California is trying something refreshingly simple: putting their phones away and reconnecting with the real world. Students on campus have started hosting “no-phone parties,” gatherings where attendees leave their devices behind and focus instead on conversation, creativity, and real human relationship. The events are organized by Project Reboot, a student-led movement focused on helping young people build healthier relationships with technology. The group is careful to point out that it is not anti-technology. Instead, its goal is to help students take back control of their attention and use technology with purposes rather than letting it control them. “Technology is neither good nor bad,” the organization explains. “While it has the power to addict and depress, it also has the potential to inform and inspire.” According to a survey of UC Berkeley undergraduates, 78% of students said their phone use prevents them from “thinking deeply or being creative.” “It sucks (糟透了) that on a regular basis I am having to fight with my phone and I feel like I am losing control over my life,” student Dawson Kelly said. That feeling is shared among those students who attend the no-phone gatherings. Without screens competing for attention, conversations become more meaningful and people feel more present with one another. Many students involved in the movement say they worry their generation is losing the ability to truly connect face-to-face. Through small but intentional habit changes, Project Reboot hopes students can strengthen qualities like carefulness and creativity while spending less time trapped in endless scrolling. And the students behind the movement hope their idea spreads far beyond the Berkeley campus. In a world filled with distractions (分心的事物), they believe putting down a phone for a few hours might be one of the most powerful ways to reconnect with yourself and the people around you. 1. What is the main goal of Project Reboot according to Para. 2? A．To ban technological devices. B．To prove technology is harmful. C．To promote healthy digital use. D．To organize campus entertainment. 2. Why do students like Dawson feel bad? A．They lack access to modern digital tools. B．Their digital habits control their daily lives. C．They fail to complete academic surveys. D．Their screen time harms their physical health. 3. What is the no-phone movement intended to do? A．To reduce the students’ face-to-face arguments. B．To make students’ academic grades better. C．To make traditional campus parties more popular. D．To improve real face-to-face communication. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A．Digital reduction ensures academic success. B．Putting down phones makes people closer. C．Smartphones improve young people’s creativity. D．College students should refuse technology completely. 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【导语】 本文介绍加州大学学生发起“重启计划”，举办无手机聚会，倡导理性使用电子产品，借此加强面对面交流，重新建立真实的人际联系。 【详解】 【小题1】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The events are organized by Project Reboot, a student-led movement focused on helping young people build healthier relationships with technology. The group is careful to point out that it is not anti-technology. Instead, its goal is to help students take back control of their attention and use technology with purposes rather than letting it control them.(这些活动由“重启计划”组织，这是一项由学生发起的活动，旨在帮助年轻人与科技建立更健康的相处模式。该组织特意表明自己并非反对科技，其目标是帮助学生夺回自身注意力的掌控权，有目的地使用科技，而非被科技支配。)” 可知，该项目的核心目标是倡导健康使用电子产品。 【小题2】细节理解题。根据第三段 “"It sucks (糟透了) that on a regular basis I am having to fight with my phone and I feel like I am losing control over my life," student Dawson Kelly said.(学生道森·凯利表示：“我总是要和手机较劲，感觉自己失去了对生活的掌控，这实在太糟糕了。”) ” 可知，道森这类学生心情糟糕是因为电子产品使用习惯支配了他们的日常生活。 【小题3】推理判断题。根据第四段 “Without screens competing for attention, conversations become more meaningful and people feel more present with one another. Many students involved in the movement say they worry their generation is losing the ability to truly connect face-to-face.(没有电子屏幕抢夺注意力，交谈变得更有意义，人们能更专注地陪伴彼此。参与这项活动的许多学生担心他们这代人正在丧失真正面对面交流的能力。)” 可知，无手机活动旨在改善人们面对面的真实沟通。 【小题4】主旨大意题。通读全文特别是根据第一段 “Students on campus have started hosting "no-phone parties," gatherings where attendees leave their devices behind and focus instead on conversation, creativity, and real human relationship.(校园里的学生们开始举办“无手机派对”，参与聚会的人都放下电子设备，专心交谈、发挥创意，维系真实的人际交往。)” 以及最后一段 “In a world filled with distractions (分心的事物), they believe putting down a phone for a few hours might be one of the most powerful ways to reconnect with yourself and the people around you.(当今世界充斥着各种使人分心的事物，他们相信，放下手机几小时，或许是重新与自我、身边人建立联结最有效的方式之一。)” 可知，文章核心讲述放下手机能拉近人与人之间的距离。 七、七选五 （25-26高一下·江苏常州·期末）Creating an association (社团) at senior high school can be a rewarding experience. 1 . Here are four essential steps to help you get started. 2 Before you begin, it’s crucial to think about what you want to achieve, whether it is to create a space for students with similar interests, to organize social events, or to support a particular cause. This will help you stay focused and attract like-minded members. For example, if you want to create a book club, you might be to share and discuss literature, develop critical thinking, and build a community of readers. Build a team With a clear purpose in mind, the next step is to recruit members. Spread the word through posters, social media, and announcements. Stress rewarding experiences members can expect. 3 . Encourage them to share their ideas and suggestions, making them feel involved from the start. Then choose officers who are passionate and take their responsibilities for your association’s mission. Organize activities Plan and organize activities that align with (使一致)your association’s purpose. If your association is focused on social events, consider hosting movie nights, game tournaments, or themed parties. Ensure that your activities are inclusive and cover the diverse interests of your members. 4 . For example, partnering with an environmental club for a joint tree planting event can create a larger sense of community. Create a positive environment Building a positive environment is key to the success of any social association. Encourage open and respectful communication among members, creating a safe space where everyone feels comfortable sharing their ideas and opinions. Recognize and celebrate the contributions of your members, and provide opportunities for them to take on leadership roles and responsibilities. 5 . A．Set your directions B．Seek professional support C．It’s a chance to meet new people and try new things D．This could be through mapping out a detailed plan for events E．Interested students can learn more about your goals and activities F．Celebrate your successes together to help keep everyone connected G．Besides, consider working with other school clubs to enlarge your reach 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了创建高中社团的四个基本步骤。 1.C由上文“Creating an association (社团) at senior high school can be a rewarding experience. (在高中创建社团可能是一次有益的经历)”可知，上文提到创建社团是有益的。本空应进一步说明这种益处或这种经历所带来的好处。C选项“It’s a chance to meet new people and try new things (这是一个结识新朋友和尝试新事物的机会)”具体说明了创建社团所带来的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 2.A此空为段落标题。由下文“Before you begin, it’s crucial to think about what you want to achieve, whether it is to create a space for students with similar interests, to organize social events, or to support a particular cause. (在你开始之前，重要的是要想清楚你想要实现什么，无论是为兴趣相似的学生创造一个空间，组织社交活动，还是支持某个特定的事业)”可知，本段主要讲的是在开始创建社团之前要明确方向。A选项“Set your directions (设定你的方向)”能够概括本段内容，作为标题合适。故选A。 3.E由上文“Spread the word through posters, social media, and announcements. Stress rewarding experiences members can expect. (通过海报、社交媒体和公告来传播这个消息。强调成员可以期待的奖励性经历)”和下文“Encourage them to share their ideas and suggestions, making them feel involved from the start. (鼓励他们分享自己的想法和建议，让他们从一开始就感觉到自己是参与其中的)”可知，本空内容应该是关于如何吸引成员并让他们了解社团的。E选项“Interested students can learn more about your goals and activities (感兴趣的学生可以了解更多关于你的目标和活动)”能承上启下，说明了如何通过传播消息让感兴趣的学生了解社团，并鼓励他们参与，符合题意。故选E。 4.G由下文“For example, partnering with an environmental club for a joint tree planting event can create a larger sense of community. (例如，与环境俱乐部合作举办联合植树活动可以增强社区意识)”可知，上文举例说明了与其他社团合作可以扩大社团的影响力，本空应强调与其他社团合作的好处。G选项“Besides, consider working with other school clubs to enlarge your reach (此外，考虑与其他学校社团合作以扩大你的影响力)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 5.F由上文“Recognize and celebrate the contributions of your members, and provide opportunities for them to take on leadership roles and responsibilities. (认可并庆祝你的成员的贡献，并为他们提供担任领导角色和承担责任的机会)”可知，上文讲的是要认可成员的贡献并给他们提供机会。本空应该进一步说明这种做法的好处。F选项“Celebrate your successes together to help keep everyone connected (一起庆祝你们的成功，帮助大家保持联系)”能承接上文，说明了庆祝成功和认可贡献可以增强社团的凝聚力，符合题意。故选F。 （25-26·高一下·盐城期末） Walking to class one day, Laura, a member of our kindness programme, saw a young student crying and waiting for his mother to arrive. He had injured his chin (下巴) while playing. When Laura got to class, the other students were upset and afraid for their friend, full of questions about what would happen to him.     1     “Caring practice!” shouted one of the children, and they all sat in a circle offering support and well wishes.     2     In it, children were introduced to stories and practices for paying attention, regulating their emotions, and developing kindness. Why teach kindness to kids? The school environment can be very stressful.     3     Being ignored, or laughed at is painful for a young child, and we thought it could be helpful to teach kindness. When other kids are suffering, can we understand how they might be feeling? Kindness bridges those gaps and helps build a sense of connection among students. You might have seen a poster on our classroom wall called “Kindness Garden”. When kids performed an act of kindness or benefited from one, they added a sticker to the poster. Through the activity, we got students talking about how kindness feels good and how we might grow more friendship in the classroom.     4     That care often begins with simple acts of kindness. To teach kindness, we can use caring practice. When the boy injured his chin, the other kids got together to do this practice: “May you be safe, may you be happy, may you be healthy.”     5     To my school, to my whole community... Faced with unhappiness, the children found comfort and support for themselves and their friend rather than feeling upset and worried. It’s these small changes, spread across classrooms, that could make schools nicer and educate a new generation of kinder and more connected citizens. A．Young kids can be as brave as adults. B．These wishes can be extended further. C．Students learn to see themselves as performers. D．Laura decided to ask the class how they could help him. E．Many struggle to make friends and perform well in class. F．The idea is that friendship, like a young plant, needs care to grow. G．This is what’s possible when kids learn kindness from the programme. 【答案】 【小题 1】D 【小题 2】G 【小题 3】E 【小题 4】F 【小题 5】B 【导语】 主要说明了学校开设善意课程，借活动引导学生共情互助。学生遇受伤同学主动送上祝福，各类实践活动培养善意，拉近同学关系，营造温暖校园。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据上文 “Walking to class one day, Laura, a member of our kindness programme, saw a young student crying and waiting for his mother to arrive. He had injured his chin (下巴) while playing. When Laura got to class, the other students were upset and afraid for their friend, full of questions about what would happen to him.(一天去上课路上，我们 “善意计划” 的成员劳拉看到一名年轻学生在哭泣，等待母亲的到来。他在玩耍时撞伤了下巴。当 Laura 到达教室时，其他同学都感到难过和害怕，担心朋友的安危，纷纷好奇他会遭遇什么)” 可知，第一段末尾提到 Laura 回到教室后同学们都为受伤的同学担心，D 选项 “Laura 询问全班同学可以怎么帮助这名男孩” 承接上文，引出下文同学们想到关爱练习的内容，符合逻辑。 【小题 2】根据上文 “"Caring practice!" shouted one of the children, and they all sat in a circle offering support and well wishes.(“关爱实践！” 其中一个孩子喊道，大家围成一圈，互相给予支持和祝福)” 以及后文 “In it, children were introduced to stories and practices for paying attention, regulating their emotions, and developing kindness.(在其中，孩子们学习了故事以及专注力、情绪调节和培养善良行为的相关实践)” 可知，第二段前文描述了同学们主动围成祝福圈的行为，G 选项 “这就是孩子们从友善项目中学到友善后，能够做到的事” 承接上文行为，引出下文对项目内容的介绍，符合逻辑，其中 it 指代前文的 kindness programme。 【小题 3】根据上文 “Why teach kindness to kids? The school environment can be very stressful.(为什么要教孩子善良？学校环境可能非常紧张)” 以及后文 “Being ignored, or laughed at is painful for a young child, and we thought it could be helpful to teach kindness. When other kids are suffering, can we understand how they might be feeling? Kindness bridges those gaps and helps build a sense of connection among students.(被忽视或嘲笑对年幼的孩子来说是痛苦的，我们觉得可以借此机会教导他们善良。当其他孩子正在受苦时，我们能否理解他们可能的感受？善良能够弥合这些隔阂，帮助学生之间建立起情感上的联结)” 可知，第三段前文提到学校环境压力大，后文提到被忽视、被嘲笑对孩子来说很痛苦，E 选项 “很多孩子难以交朋友，也很难在课堂有好表现” 承接压力的话题，引出下文孩子的困境，符合逻辑。 【小题 4】根据上文 “You might have seen a poster on our classroom wall called "Kindness Garden". When kids performed an act of kindness or benefited from one, they added a sticker to the poster. Through the activity, we got students talking about how kindness feels good and how we might grow more friendship in the classroom.(你可能在我们教室的墙上看到过一张名为 “善意花园” 的海报。当孩子们做出善意行为或从中受益时，就会在海报上贴上一张贴纸。通过这项活动，我们让学生们开始讨论善意带来的美好感受，以及如何在课堂上建立更多的友谊)” 以及后文 “That care often begins with simple acts of kindness.(这种关怀往往始于一些简单的善意)” 可知，第四段围绕 “友善花园” 活动展开，提到活动目的是在班级培养友谊，F 选项 “这个理念认为，友谊就像幼苗，需要呵护才能生长” 呼应 “花园” 的比喻，引出下文 “这种呵护始于小善举” 的内容，符合逻辑。 【小题 5】根据上文 “To teach kindness, we can use caring practice. When the boy injured his chin, the other kids got together to do this practice: "May you be safe, may you be happy, may you be healthy." (为了教导善良，我们可以采用关怀的实践。当那个男孩伤到下巴时，其他孩子们聚在一起做了这样的练习：“愿你平安，愿你快乐，愿你健康。”) ” 以及后文 “To my school, to my whole community... Faced with unhappiness, the children found comfort and support for themselves and their friend rather than feeling upset and worried. It’ s these small changes, spread across classrooms, that could make schools nicer and educate a new generation of kinder and more connected citizens.(为了我的学校，为了整个社区…… 面对不快乐，孩子们找到了安慰与支持，而不是感到沮丧和焦虑。正是这些在各个教室中悄然发生的小小改变，能让学校变得更加美好，并培养出新一代更友善、更有联结感的公民)” 可知，第五段前文提到孩子们为受伤男孩送上祝福，后文提到祝福延伸到整个社区，B 选项 “这些祝福可以延伸得更远” 承接前文祝福，引出下文延伸范围的描述，符合逻辑。 $