Unit 5 Health matters暑假预习（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版（三起）英语六年级上册

2026暑假外研版小学英语六年级上册Unit 5《Health matters》预习专项 一、知识点梳理 1. 课文单词（单词、音标、词性翻译、知识点） 单词 音标 词性&翻译 知识点 health /helθ/ n. 健康；卫生 不可数名词；派生词：healthy（adj. 健康的）、unhealthy（adj. 不健康的）；固定搭配：keep healthy（保持健康）、health problem（健康问题） matter /ˈmætə(r)/ n. 事情；问题；v. 要紧；有关系 作名词：固定搭配：What's the matter?（怎么了？）；作动词：常用否定句（It doesn't matter. 没关系） healthy /ˈhelθi/ adj. 健康的；健全的 比较级：healthier；最高级：healthiest；固定搭配：healthy food（健康食物）、stay healthy（保持健康） unhealthy /ʌnˈhelθi/ adj. 不健康的；有害健康的 前缀un-表否定；反义词：healthy；固定搭配：unhealthy habit（不健康的习惯） food /fuːd/ n. 食物；食品 可数/不可数名词；固定搭配：healthy food（健康食物）、fast food（快餐） vegetable /ˈvedʒtəbl/ n. 蔬菜；植物 复数形式：vegetables；固定搭配：fresh vegetables（新鲜蔬菜） fruit /fruːt/ n. 水果；果实 可数/不可数名词；固定搭配：fresh fruit（新鲜水果）、eat fruit（吃水果） exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ n. 锻炼；练习；v. 锻炼 作名词：不可数（锻炼）/可数（练习）；固定搭配：do exercise（做锻炼）、take exercise（做运动） sleep /sliːp/ n. 睡眠；v. 睡觉 过去式：slept；固定搭配：get enough sleep（获得充足睡眠）、sleep well（睡得好） habit /ˈhæbɪt/ n. 习惯；习性 复数形式：habits；固定搭配：good habit（好习惯）、bad habit（坏习惯）、form a habit（养成习惯） smoke /sməʊk/ v. 吸烟；抽烟；n. 烟 过去式：smoked；派生词：smoker（n. 吸烟者）；固定搭配：smoke a cigarette（抽烟） drink /drɪŋk/ v. 喝；饮；n. 饮料 过去式：drank；固定搭配：drink water（喝水）、drink milk（喝牛奶） ill /ɪl/ adj. 生病的；不舒服的 反义词：well（健康的）；固定搭配：fall ill（生病）、be ill（生病） sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的；恶心的 固定搭配：feel sick（感觉不舒服）、sick leave（病假） doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ n. 医生；博士 复数形式：doctors；固定搭配：see a doctor（看医生） medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药；医学 不可数名词；固定搭配：take medicine（吃药） 2. 短语和固定搭配 1. keep healthy — 保持健康 2. health problem — 健康问题 3. What's the matter? — 怎么了？ 4. healthy food — 健康食物 5. fast food — 快餐 6. fresh vegetables — 新鲜蔬菜 7. fresh fruit — 新鲜水果 8. do exercise — 做锻炼 9. take exercise — 做运动 10. get enough sleep — 获得充足睡眠 11. good habit — 好习惯 12. bad habit — 坏习惯 13. form a habit — 养成习惯 14. fall ill — 生病 15. be ill — 生病 16. feel sick — 感觉不舒服 17. see a doctor — 看医生 18. take medicine — 吃药 19. stay healthy — 保持健康 20. sleep well — 睡得好 3. 单元重难点  重点：掌握核心单词的发音、词性及变形（如health-healthy-unhealthy）；掌握描述健康相关的固定搭配；理解并运用“What's the matter?”询问身体状况，能使用“should/shouldn't”提出保持健康的建议。  难点：区分“ill”和“sick”的用法（ill通常作表语，sick可作表语或定语）；正确运用“exercise”作可数/不可数名词的不同含义；掌握“should”表建议的句型结构（肯定句：主语+should+动词原形；否定句：主语+shouldn't+动词原形）。 二、习题闯关（共50题，100分） 1. 根据首字母提示或中文提示填写单词（10题，每题2分，共20分） 1. H______（健康）is the most important thing in our life. 2. You should eat more v______（蔬菜）to keep healthy. 3. We should do e______（锻炼）every day to stay fit. 4. It's important to get enough s______（睡眠）every night. 5. Eating too much fast food is an u______（不健康的）habit. 6. What's the m______（问题）with you? You look tired. 7. He f______（生病）yesterday, so he didn't go to school. 8. You should see a d______（医生）if you feel sick. 9. Don't forget to take m______（药）three times a day. 10. She has a good h______（习惯）of eating fruit every day. 2. 课文中英互译（各10题，共20题，每题2分，共40分） 汉译英 1. 保持健康 _____________________ 2. 健康问题 _____________________ 3. 怎么了？ _____________________ 4. 健康食物 _____________________ 5. 快餐 _____________________ 6. 新鲜蔬菜 _____________________ 7. 新鲜水果 _____________________ 8. 做锻炼 _____________________ 9. 获得充足睡眠 _____________________ 10. 好习惯 _____________________ 英译汉 1. keep healthy _____________________ 2. health problem _____________________ 3. What's the matter? _____________________ 4. healthy food _____________________ 5. fast food _____________________ 6. fresh vegetables _____________________ 7. fresh fruit _____________________ 8. do exercise _____________________ 9. get enough sleep _____________________ 10. good habit _____________________ 3. 完型填空（10题，每题2分，共20分） 请阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。 Health matters a lot. Good health helps us live a happy life. To keep 1. ______, we should have good habits. First, we should eat 2. ______ food. We should eat more fresh vegetables and 3. ______. We shouldn't eat too much 4. ______ food, because it's bad for our health. Second, we should do 5. ______ every day. We can run, swim or play ball games. Exercise helps us stay strong. Third, we should get enough 6. ______. We should go to bed early and get up early. We shouldn't stay up late, because it makes us feel 7. ______ the next day. We shouldn't smoke or drink too much. These are 8. ______ habits. If we feel 9. ______, we should see a doctor and take 10. ______ on time. ( )1. A. healthy B. unhealthy C. health ( )2. A. bad B. healthy C. unhealthy ( )3. A. fruit B. fast food C. smoke ( )4. A. fresh B. healthy C. fast ( )5. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising ( )6. A. food B. sleep C. drink ( )7. A. good B. happy C. sick ( )8. A. good B. bad C. healthy ( )9. A. well B. happy C. sick ( )10. A. medicine B. medicines C. a medicine 4. 连词成句（5题，每题2分，共10分） 1. health, matters, most (.) ___________________________________________________________ 2. we, should, keep, healthy (.) ___________________________________________________________ 3. what's, the, matter, you, with (?) ___________________________________________________________ 4. should, eat, we, vegetables, fresh (.) ___________________________________________________________ 5. he, feels, sick, today (.) ___________________________________________________________ 5. 句型转换（5题，每题2分，共10分） 1. We should eat more vegetables.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________ 2. He feels sick.（改为一般疑问句） ___________________________________________________________ 3. She has a good habit of eating fruit every day.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 4. They do exercise every day.（改为一般过去时） ___________________________________________________________ 5. You should see a doctor.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1. 根据首字母提示或中文提示填写单词 1. Health 2. vegetables 3. exercise 4. sleep 5. unhealthy 6. matter 7. fell 8. doctor 9. medicine 10. habit 2. 课文中英互译 汉译英 1. keep healthy 2. health problem 3. What's the matter? 4. healthy food 5. fast food 6. fresh vegetables 7. fresh fruit 8. do exercise 9. get enough sleep 10. good habit 英译汉 1. 保持健康 2. 健康问题 3. 怎么了？ 4. 健康食物 5. 快餐 6. 新鲜蔬菜 7. 新鲜水果 8. 做锻炼 9. 获得充足睡眠 10. 好习惯 3. 完型填空 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 4. 连词成句 1. Health matters most. 2. We should keep healthy. 3. What's the matter with you? 4. We should eat fresh vegetables. 5. He feels sick today. 5. 句型转换 1. We shouldn't eat more vegetables. 2. Does he feel sick? 3. What does she have? 4. They did exercise every day. 5. What should I do? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $