2026年中考英语语法知识点&考点 汇编

**基本信息** 初中英语语法专题汇编，涵盖14个核心语法模块，通过“自测-考点清单-训练”三阶设计，系统夯实基础，适配二轮专题复习。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|每个专题约20题|名词、代词、时态等14个语法专题|学前自测诊断薄弱点，考点清单细化规则（如名词复数巧记口诀）| |填空|每个专题10题|非谓语动词、从句等重点语法|巩固训练结合真题考点，答案解析详尽|

初中英语语法 汇编 知识点+考点+练习 目录 专题一 名词 6 一、学前自测(发现考点) 6 二、名词常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 6 1、考点一 可数名词的复数形式 6 2、考点二 不可数名词 8 3、考点三 名词所有格 8 4、考点四 专有名词 8 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 9 1、单项选择 9 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 10 3、答案 10 专题二 代词 11 一、学前自测(发现考点) 11 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 12 1、考点一 人称代词 12 2、考点二 物主代词 12 3、考点三 反身代词 13 4、考点四 指示代词 13 5、考点五 疑问代词 14 6、考点六 不定代词 14 7、考点七 代词 it 的用法 16 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 17 1、单项选择 17 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 17 3、答案 18 专题三 冠词 18 一、学前自测(发现考点) 18 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 19 1、考点一 定冠词的基本用法 19 2、考点二 不定冠词的基本用法 20 3、考点三 零冠词的基本用法 20 4、 考点四 常见含有冠词及不含冠词的词组 21 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 22 1、单项选择 22 2、答案 23 专题四 数词 23 一、学前自测(发现考点) 23 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 23 1、考点一 基数词的用法及读法 24 2、考点二 序数词的构成及用法 25 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 26 1、单项选择 26 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 26 3、答案 27 专题五 介词 27 一、学前自测(发现考点) 27 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 28 1、考点一 常用介词的主要用法 28 2、考点二 常用介词词组 29 3、考点三 易混介词归纳 30 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 32 1、单项选择 33 2、答案 33 专题六 形容词和副词 33 一、学前自测(发现考点) 33 二.常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 34 1、考点一 形容词的用法及位置 34 2、考点二 副词的用法及位置 35 3、考点三 形容词、副词比较级与最高级 35 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 37 1、单项选择 38 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 38 3、答案 39 专题七 动词的种类 39 一、学前自测(发现考点) 39 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 40 1、考点一 行为动词/ 实义动词 40 2、考点二 连系动词 40 3、考点三 助动词 41 4、考点四 情态动词 41 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 43 1、单项选择 43 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 44 3、答案 44 专题八 动词的时态 44 一、学前自测(发现考点) 44 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 45 1、考点一 一般现在时 45 2、考点二 一般过去时 46 3、考点三 现在进行时 47 4、考点四 过去进行时 48 5、考点五 一般将来时 48 6、考点六 过去将来时 49 7、考点七 现在完成时 49 8、考点八 过去完成时 50 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 50 1、单项选择 50 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 51 3、答案 51 专题九 被动语态 52 一、学前自测(发现考点) 52 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 52 1、考点一 各种时态被动语态的构成 53 2、考点二 被动语态的用法 53 3、考点三 主动语态转化为被动语态的方法 53 4、考点四 被动语态的几种特殊情况 54 5、考点五 主动语态表被动意义的几种情况 54 6、巧记 54 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 54 1、单项选择 54 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 55 3、答案 55 专题十 非谓语动词 56 一、学前自测(发现考点) 56 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 56 1、考点一 动词不定式 57 2、考点二 动名词 58 3、考点三 分词 59 4、考点四 特殊动词的特殊用法 60 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 60 1、单项选择 60 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 61 3、答案 61 专题十一 简单句的种类 61 一、学前自测(发现考点) 61 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 62 1、考点一 陈述句 62 2、考点二 感叹句 63 3、考点三 疑问句 63 4、考点四 祈使句 65 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 65 1、单项选择 66 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 66 3、答案 66 专题十二 连词和并列句、状语从句 67 一、学前自测(发现考点) 67 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 68 1、考点一 并列连词和并列句 68 2、考点二 从属连词和状语从句 68 3、考点三 个别连词的特殊用法 70 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 70 1、单项选择 70 2、答案 71 专题十三 主谓一致 71 一、 学前自测(发现考点) 71 二、 常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 72 1、概念 72 2、主谓一致的四大原则 72 3、常见考点 72 4、巧记 73 三、 巩固训练(夯实基础) 73 1、单项选择 73 2、正确形式填空: 74 3、答案 74 专题十四 宾语从句和定语从句 75 一、学前自测(发现考点) 75 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 75 1、考点一 宾语从句 75 2、考点二 定语从句 76 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 77 1、单项选择 77 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 78 3、答案 78 第 1 页 共 78 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 专题一 名词 一、学前自测(发现考点) ( )1. Not much of the _ is surprising in Guangzhou Daily today. A. ideas B. news C. opinions D. articles ( )2. —Would you like something to drink? — _, please. A. Two bottle of orange B. Two bottle of oranges C. Two bottles of orange D. Two bottles of oranges ( )3. —I had _ for breakfast this morning. What about you, Lily? —Just a piece of bread. A. some noodles B. a few noodle C. a little noodle D. a noodle ( )4. When we are in trouble, we need to get _ from others. A. many money B. some advice C. many help D. some chances ( )5. Green represents _ and nature. When you feel weak, you can wear green. A. sadness B. purity C. joy D. energy ( )6. Mickey is one of the most famous _ in American _. A. symbol; culture B. symbol; cultures C. symbols; culture D. symbols; cultures ( )7. Spring is Tom’s favourite _. He likes warm weather. A. holiday B. season C. fruit D. drink ( )8. In autumn there are a lot of _ on the ground. A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leave ( )9. Look! You can see many _ in the pool. And here is some _ for you to keep them. A. fish; suggestion B. fishes; advices C. fish; advice D. fishes; suggestion ( )10. _ Day is coming. I will buy some _for Miss Wu. A. Teacher's; flower B. Teachers'; flowers C. Teachers'; flower D. Teacher's; flowers 二、名词常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 1、考点一 可数名词的复数形式 1.1 规则变化 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-s pen—pens; doctor—doctors; map—maps 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾 加-es bus—buses; box—boxes; watch—watches; brush—brushes 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 将 y 变为 i再加-es factory—factories; family—families 情况 构成方法 例词 以元音字母加 y 结尾 只加-s boy—boys; day—days 以 o 结尾 有生命的加-es Negro—Negroes; hero—heroes; potato—potatoes; tomato—tomatoes巧记:黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。 (两人两菜) 无生命的加-s photo—photos; radio—radios; piano—pianos 以 f 或 fe 结尾 将 f 或 fe 变为 v 再加-es wife—wives; thief—thieves; shelf—shelves; knife—knives; wolf— wolves; half—halves; leaf—leaves; life—lives 巧记:妻见小偷架下藏,手拿小刀想杀狼,谁知落下半片叶,砸在头上一命亡。 加-s roof—roofs 1.2. 不规则变化 (1) man—men; woman—women; child—children; foot—feet; tooth—teeth; goose—geese; mouse—mice (2) 单复数相同:sheep—sheep; deer—deer; fish—fish 注意:fish 强调鱼的条数的时候,单复数同形;强调鱼的种类的时候,复数形式要加-es,即 fishes。 (3) 某国人变复数的歌诀:中日不变英法变,其余-s 加后面。 Chinese—Chinese; Japanese—Japanese; Englishman—Englishmen; American—Americans (4) 有些名词本身是复数形式,如:clothes; pants; trousers; jeans; shorts; glasses; people 等。 注意:people 当“人们”讲时,本身是复数形式;当“民族”讲时,是单数形式,其复数要在末尾加-s。a people; 56 peoples 1.3 复合名词的复数 (1) 一般情况下把后面一个名词变为复数,作定语的名词不变。 a girl student—five girl students; an apple tree—ten apple trees (2) 由 man 和 woman 构成的复合名词,变复数时要把名词和 man/ woman 同时变为复数。 a man doctor—three men doctors; a woman teacher—six women teachers (3) sport 作定语修饰其他名词时,无论主题词是单数还是复数,sport 通常用复数形式。 a sports club; sports shoes 注意:时间名词作定语有两种形式: 两天的假期 a two-day holiday 或 two days’ holiday 十分钟的路程 a ten-minute ride 或 ten minutes’ ride 2、考点二 不可数名词 不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词 a/ an 修饰,但可用 much, a lot of / lots of, plenty of, some, little, a little 等修饰。 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 例句:There is some tea in the cup. 茶杯里有些茶。 不可数名词还常用“数词/ 不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。 a piece of paper 一张纸,two cups of tea 两杯茶, a glass of water 一玻璃杯水,three bottles of pop 三瓶汽水。 作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于 of 前面的量词的数。 例句:There are three glasses of orange juice on the table. 桌子上有三杯橙汁。 3、考点三 名词所有格 3.1 ’s 所有格 情况 方法 例子 单数名词 加 ’s my friend’s uncle 我朋友的叔叔 以 s 结尾的复数名词 加 ’ Teachers’ Day 教师节 不以 s 结尾的复数名词 加 ’s Children's Day 儿童节 表示两人共有 在最后一个名词后加 ’s Lucy and Lily's mother 露西和莉莉的妈妈 表示各自所有 在各个名词后加 ’s Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 露西的房间和莉莉的房间 3.2 of 所有格 主要用于表示无生命事物的所有关系。 the name of the film 电影的名字 the cover of the book 书的封面 3. 3双重所有格 “名词+of+名词性物主代词/ 名词所有格”构成双重所有格形式。 a friend of hers 她的一个朋友 a friend of Mike's 迈克的一个朋友 4、考点四 专有名词 4.1概念 专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。 它的第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 1)表示人名、尊称和头衔的专有名词 Einstein 爱因斯坦 President Obama 奥巴马总统 Doctor Lin 林博士/ 林医生 Queen Elizabeth II 伊利莎白女王二世 Mr Brown 布朗先生 注意:人名的前面若有尊称或头衔,如 Mr (先生), President (总统)等时,其第一个字母也要大写。 2) 表示国名、地名、山河名的专有名词 Korea 韩国 Paris 巴黎 Pacific Ocean 太平洋 Mississippi 密西西比河 Mt. Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 3) 表示团体、机构和报刊的专有名词 Museum of Postal History 邮政博物馆 China Daily 中国日报 Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院 Harvard University 哈佛大学 4)表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词 Monday 星期一 March 三月 National Day 国庆节 5)由普通名词构成的专有名词 the North Pole 北极 the River Nile 尼罗河 the Forbidden City 紫禁城 the Bund 上海外滩 the Great Wall 长城 the Temple of Heaven 天坛 the White House 白宫 the Terracotta Warriors 兵马俑 the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 注意:上面列举的由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”,但它的首字母不大写。 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 1、单项选择 ( )1. —May I help you? —Yes, I'd like to have 20 _. I need them to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers D. piece of papers ( )2. —How does the old man make a _ on the farm? —He raises many . A. life; duck B. living; horse C. life; bird D. living; sheep ( )3. —Can I help you? —I'd like _ for twin daughters. A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes ( )4. —Kate, what's in the big bowl? —A few _ and a little . A. pear; water B. pears; waters C. pear; waters D. pears; water ( )5. —The two cities have reached an _ to develop science and technology. —That's great! A. education B. excitement C. agreement D. invitation ( )6. —Look, my shirt is the same as your _. —So it is. A. brother B. sisters C. brothers D. brother's ( )7. Recently people care more about the safety of _. Everyone wants to eat healthily. A. foods B. clothes C. buildings D. water ( )8. In our school, the number of women teachers _ becoming larger and larger. A. is B. are C. be D. been ( )9. —There are twenty _ in our school. —Yes, and they work very hard. A. man teacher B. man teachers C. men teachers D. men teacher ( )10. —I saw lots of _ in the hall. —And there were several _ in it, too. A. American; Japanese B. Americans; Japanese C. American; Japaneses D. Americans; Japaneses 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) We played a joke on Jim on April _ (Fool) Day. 2) There are many _ (Frenchman) visiting this place. 3) Mr Green is a businessman and he runs four _ (factory). 4) It is a _ (please) for me to stay with you. 5) Our school will have a _ (sport) meeting next weekend. 6) It’s _ (Lucy) book. Please give it to her. 7) I took a lot of _ (photo) in Hong Kong Disneyland. 8) Thanks for giving me so much _ (information). 9) It’s five _(minute) walk from here to my home. 10) What’s the _ (long) of this river? 3、答案 学前自测 1-5 BCABD 6-10 CBCCB 巩固训练 单项选择 1-5 BDDDC 6-10 DAACB 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) 1. Fool’s 2) 2. Frenchmen 3) 3. factories 4) 4. pleasure 5) 5. sports 6) 6. Lucy’s 7) 7. photos 8) 8. information 9) 9. minutes’ 10) 10. length 专题二 代词 一、学前自测(发现考点) ( )1. The old man has two daughters, but _ of them lives with him. A. none B. both C. neither D. all ( )2. —I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. —Oh, really! I think you should be good at _ of them. A. some B. any C. both D. all ( )3. She promised that she could finish the work by _. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers ( )4. I saw the dog along with a girl _ was the only guide dog in our city. A. who B. which C. whom D. what ( )5. —Could you lend me your pen? I left _ at home. —Certainly. A. mine B. yours C. one D. it ( )6. —Wow, the English exam is so easy. —I think so. But I don’t think _ can pass it. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one ( )7. The people in Tokyo will have to get _ ready before the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything ( )8. — Wow! There are so many new buildings. I can’t believe it! It used to be a poor village. — Yes. _ has changed here. A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything ( )9. _ David _ Jessica can go to the concert, because they have no tickets. A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also ( )10. The boy said that he couldn't work out the problem by _. A. him B. his C. he D. himself 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 1、考点一 人称代词 1.1. 人称代词的分类 人称 主格 宾格 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I we me us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he they him them she her it it 1.2.人称代词的用法 人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语。 例如:We are middle school students. 我们是中学生。 I wrote a letter to him last week. 上周我给他写了一封信。 注意:人称代词作表语时,在口语中常用宾格。 1.3. 人称代词的语序 几个人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序是: 单数:二、三、一; 复数:一、二、三。 例如: You, she and I will study in a group. 你、她还有我将在一个组里学习。 We, you and they are all students. 我们、你们还有他们都是学生。/、 1.4巧记:人称代词的排列顺序 人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见。 单数并列二、三、一, 复数并列一、二、三。 2、考点二 物主代词 2.1. 物主代词的分类 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 my our mine ours 第二人称 your your yours yours 第三人称 his their his theirs her hers its its 巧记: 物主代词分两家,形、名词性各一霸。 his, its 无变化, my, mine 牢记它。 其余变化规律化,名词性后面加尾巴(-s)。 2.2. 物主代词的用法 (1) 形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语。 That is our classroom. 那是我们的教室。 注意:在某些固定短语中,形容词性物主代词要随人称而变化。 如:do/ try one's best, change one's mind, do one's homework, on one's way to, save one's life 等。 (2) 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可作主语、表语或宾语。 This is your pen. Mine is in my pencil case. 这是你的钢笔。 我的在我的铅笔盒里。 (3) 用于双重所有格中,即“a/ an+名词+of+名词性物主代词”。 He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。 巧记:物主代词的用法 物主代词两类型,形容词性、名词性。 形容词性作定语,后面定把名词用。名词性,独立用,主宾表语它都充。 3、考点三 反身代词 3.1. 反身代词的单复数形式 3.2. 反身代词的用法 (1) 作宾语,位于及物动词或介词之后。 The boy teaches himself English. 这个男孩儿自学英语。 (2) 作主语或宾语的同位语,用以加强语气,可以放在主语之后或句尾。 John himself did the work. =John did the work himself. 约翰亲自做了这项工作。 注意:反身代词不可作定语,常用“one's own”表示“某人自己的”。 This is my own car. 这是我自己的小汽车。 (3)反身代词常用于一些固定搭配中 teach oneself; learn…by oneself; enjoy oneself; devote oneself to; come to oneself; say to oneself; help oneself to; by oneself; for oneself; of oneself 4、考点四 指示代词 单数 复数 指近处 this these 指远处 that those 1)作主语、宾语、表语。 This is a chair. 这是一把椅子。 2) 在电话中,用 this (我) 表示打电话者,用于介绍自己,用 that (你) 询问对方。 Hello! This is Bob (speaking). Who's that? 您好! 我是鲍勃。 你是哪位? 3) that 和 those 可以用在比较结构中,以避免重复。 that 代替前面提到的单数名词或不可数词;those 代替前面提到的复数可数名词。 The population of China is larger than that of Russia. 中国的人口比俄罗斯人口多。 5、考点五 疑问代词 5.1. 常见的疑问代词及其基本用法 疑问代词 基本用法 例句 who 作主语、表语或宾语(作宾语时,不能位于介词后面) Who are you waiting for? 你正在等谁? whom who 的宾格形式,作宾语 With whom did you go? 你和谁一起去的? whose who 的所有格形式,作主语、表语、宾语或定语 Whose book is it? 它是谁的书? what 作主语、表语、宾语或定语 What is he doing? 他正在做什么? which 作主语、表语、宾语或定语 Which one is bigger? 哪一个更大? 5.2. what 与 which 的区别 what 用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合,which 用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合。 Which is better, this one or that one? 哪一个更好,这个还是那个? 5.3. who 与 what 在口语中的用法区别 Who is he? 意思是“他是谁?”询问的是某个人的身份或姓名等。 What is he? 意思是“他是干什么的?”,询问的是某人的职业。 —Who is he? 他是谁? —He is Jenny's brother. 他是珍妮的哥哥。 —What is he? 他是做什么的? —He is a doctor. 他是个医生。 6、考点六 不定代词 不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。 不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。 6.1. 普通不定代词 主要有: some, any, both, all, another, other, each, either, neither, none, one, a few, few, a little, little, many, much 等。 6.2几种常见的普通不定代词的用法辨析 (1) one 与 it 相同点 单词 用法 例句 为了避免同一名词重复使用,常用 one 或 it 来代 替前面提到的某个单数名词 one one 所代替的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一个 I can't find my pen. I think I must buy a new one. 我找不到我的钢笔了。我想我必须买一支新的。 it it 所代替的是前面提到的那个特指的事物 I bought a new pen yesterday, and I gave it to my sister. 我昨天买了一支新钢笔,我把它给我妹妹了。 (2) some 与 any 相同点 单词 用法 例句 修饰可数或不可数名词 some 陈述句 There are some boys playing football. 有一些男孩们正在踢足球。 疑问句 Would you like some water? 你想喝些水吗? any 否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句 There isn't any meat in the fridge. 冰箱里没有肉了。 (3) both, all, neither, none, either 与 any 之一 都 都不 适用范围 两者 either both neither 三者或以上 any all none 固定短语 both … and …(连接两个主语,谓语动词用复数) either … or …(连接两个主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则) neither … nor …(连接两个主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则) (4) little, a little, few 与 a few 很少;几乎没有(表否定) 几个;一点儿(表肯定) 修饰可数名词 few a few 修饰不可数名词 little a little 例句 Don't worry! There is a little time left. 别着急! 还有一点儿时间。 He has a few friends here, but he has few good friends. 在这里他有几个朋友,但是几乎没有好朋友。 (5) other(s), the other(s), another 概念成 份数 泛指剩下中的一部分(不用 the) 特指剩下中的全体(要用 the) 作主语/ 宾语 作定语(其后加名词) 作主语/ 宾语 作定语(其后加名词) 单数 another another book the other the other book 复数 others other books the others the other books 6.3复合不定代词 -one -thing -body some- someone something somebody any- anyone anything anybody every- everyone everything everybody no- no one nothing nobody (1) 一般情况下,由 some 构成的复合不定代词用在肯定句中;由 any 构成的复合不定代词用在疑问句和否定句中;由 no 构成的复合不定代词表示否定意义。 I have something to tell you. 我有事要告诉你。 I can't see anything. 我什么也看不见。 There's nothing I can do. 我什么也做不了。 (2) 形容词或 else 修饰不定代词时,通常位于不定代词之后。 Do you want anything else? 你还想要其他的东西吗? 7、考点七 代词 it 的用法 7.1. it 用来指除人以外的一切生物和事物,可指时间、距离、天气、温度、度量等。 —What's the weather like today? 今天天气怎样? —It's sunny. 很晴朗。 7.2. it 可用来代替指示代词 this 和 that。 —What's this/ that? 这/ 那是什么? —It's an apple. 是苹果。 7.3. it 指婴儿或不明身份的人 Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? 7.4. it 代替动词不定式作形式主语 It's important for us to work hard. 努力工作对我们来说很重要。 7.5. it 代替动词不定式作形式宾语 I found it easy to work out the Math problem. 我发现算出这道数学题很容易。 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 1、单项选择 ( )1. — _ notebook is this? —I think it's . A. Whose; he B. Who; his C. Whose; his D. Who; him ( )2. —Morning, class. Is _ here? —No, sir. Tom is absent. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody ( )3. —Can you kick the ball to _ end of the football field? —It’s hard for me. I think _ goalkeepers can make it. A. another; a little B. another; little C. the other; a few D. the other; few ( )4. —Would you like tea or coffee? — _. I really don't care. A. None B. Either C. Neither D. All ( )5. —Mary tried on three dresses, but _ of them fitted her. —Don't worry. There are plenty of dresses there. A. both B. none C. all D. neither ( )6. —Who teaches _ Japanese? —Nobody. I teach _. A. your; mine B. your; my C. you; myself D. you; me ( )7. — _ Tom _ Jack has gone to the party because they have no time. —What a pity! A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. None; or ( )8. —Who is Mr Li? —He is _ teacher and he teaches _ English. A. our; our B. us; us C. our; us D. us; our ( )9. As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than _ who don't. A. those B. that C. these D. them ( )10. —Hello, may I speak to Jane, please? —Speaking. Who's _ ? A. this B. that C. he D. you 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) Little Tom fell off his bike, but he didn’t hurt _ (he). 2) This ticket is for you. It’s _ (you) now. 3) What a cute dog! What’s _ (it) name? 4) _ (who) bike is this? 5) I think _ (they) classroom is bigger and brighter than ours. 6) This is an ice box, and _ (those) is a glass of water. 7) When we grow up, we have to learn to take care of _ (our). 8) Who helps _ (she) clean the room? 9) This magazine is not _ (my). It's his. 10) _ (this) apples are five yuan a kilo. 3、答案 学前自测 1-5 CCBBA 6-10 CDCAD 巩固训练 单项选择 1-5 CBDBB 6-10 CCCAB 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) himself 2) yours 3) its 4) whose 5) their 6) that 7) ourselves 8) her 9) mine 10) These 专题三 冠词 一、学前自测(发现考点) ( )1. I really like _ guitar you bought yesterday, Dad. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )2. Every night I read books for _ hour before going to bed. A. a; a B. an; / C. an; the D. a; / ( )3. New York is one of _ biggest cities in the world, but it doesn’t have long history. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the ( )4. After school we usually play _ basketball for half an hour on _ playground. A. the; the B. / ; / C. / ; the D. the; / ( )5. Our Chinese teacher told us _ interesting story and _ story was about Thomas Edison. A. an; a B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the ( )6. —By the way, have you got _ Email address? —Yes, of course. _ Email address is happylife@ qq. com. A. a; An B. an; The C. a; The D. the; The ( )7. —Are you looking for another flat? —Yes. My mum said _ old one was too small after my younger brother was born. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )8. —What do you want to be when you grow up? — _ actor like Chen Daoming. I really like his performance on the TV play. A. A B. The C. An D. / ( )9. It is not far from the hotel to library. Actually, it is only _ 800-metre walk. A. / ; a B. the; an C. / ; an D. the; a ( )10. Would you like to have _ supper with us _ this Sunday? A. a; / B. / ; / C. a; on D. / ; on 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 1、考点一 定冠词的基本用法 定冠词表示特指,指特定的人或物,它与可数名词或不可数名词都能连用。 1.1 表示特指的人或物。 Is this the book that you are looking for? 这就是你正在找的书吗? 1.2 表示双方都知道的或心中明白的人或物。 Please fill in the form and sign it. 请填写表格并签字。 1.3 指上文提到过的人或物。 Cut up a tomato, and put the tomato on the bread. 将一个西红柿切碎,再将切碎的西红柿放在面包上。 1.4 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 The Earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕着太阳转。 1.5 用于序数词前或表示方位的名词前和形容词最高级前 It's the second country they will visit in Asia. 这是他们在亚洲要参观的第二个国家。 Beijing lies in the north of China. 北京位于中国的北边。 Autumn is the best season in Beijing. 秋天是北京最好的季节。 1.6 用于乐器名称前 He can play the violin well, but he can't play the piano. 他拉小提琴拉得很好,可他不会弹钢琴。 1.7 在复数姓氏前加 the,表示某某一家人或夫妇,常看成复数 The Taylors were having dinner when I came in. 当我进来时,泰勒全家人/ 泰勒夫妇正在吃晚饭。 1.8 用在一些形容词前,表示一类人 The poor are against the plan, but the rich are for it. 穷人们反对这个计划,而富人们赞成。 1.9 用于一些专有名词前 the Great Wall 长城 the Changjiang River 长江 1.10.用于表示某世纪逢十的年代之前 in the 1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代 1.11在一些习惯用语中 the US 美国 the UK 英国 all the time 一直 by the way 顺便说一下 1.12巧记: 定冠词 the 的用法 特指双方熟悉,上文已经提及;世上独一无二,方位以及乐器; 某些专有名词,外加复数姓氏;序数词最高级,习惯用语要特记。 2、考点二 不定冠词的基本用法 不定冠词有两个: a 和 an。 a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,而 an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。 注意:有些单词,如 useful, university, European 等虽然是以元音字母开头,但却是以辅音音素开头,所以前面要用 a; 有些单词如 hour, honest 等,虽然是以辅音字母开头,却是以元音音素开头,所以前面要用 an。 2.1. 表示一类人或物 My father bought me a present, but I don't know what it is. 我爸爸给我买了一件礼物,可我不知道是什么。 2.2用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前 I saw a girl running on the playground. 我看见一个女孩正在操场上跑步。 2.3表示数量,有“一”的含义 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅图画。 2.4 有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”等时,要用不定冠词 have a long history 拥有悠久的历史 2.5 表示“每一”,相当于 every Take three pills a day and you'll get better soon. 每天吃三片药,你很快就会好的。 2.6 用于序数词之前,表示“又一”;“再一” She has failed two times. She wants to try a third time. 她失败了两次。 她想再试一次。 2.7 用于某些固定词组中 have a good time 玩得高兴;a lot of 许多 2.8巧记:不定冠词 a, an 的用法 冠词 a, an 两种帽,单数可数名词要。 选帽只要听读音,不看字母能做到; 若是元音音素来开头,一定需要选 an 帽; 辅音音素戴 a 帽,记住规律莫乱套。 3、考点三 零冠词的基本用法 3.1巧记: 零冠词的用法 下列情况不用冠,名词之前代词限。 复数名词表泛指,球类学科和三餐。 专有名词不可数,星期月份季节前。 交通方式和娱乐,习语称谓和头衔。 序号 基本用法 例句 1 当专有名词(如人名、地名、国家名)、物质名词、抽象名词表示泛指时前面通常不用冠词 Money is not everything. 金钱不是万能的。 China is a great country in the world. 中国是世界上一个伟大的国家。 2 不可数名词或复数名词表示泛指时不用冠词 Young people like to read books. 年轻人喜欢读书 3 在季节、月份、星期等表示时间的名词之前, 不加冠词。 January 1st is New Year's Day. 一月一日是元旦。 4 在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前不加冠词。 Doctor, I'm not feeling myself today. 医生,我今天感觉有些不舒服。 5 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词。 What do you usually have for lunch? 你午餐经常吃什么? Do you like playing football or baseball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打棒球? 6 当 by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词。 Did you go there by plane or by ship? 你是乘飞机还是乘轮船去的那里? 7 名词前面有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词的所有格修饰时,前面不用冠词。 His book is on the desk. 他的书在桌子上。 3、 考点四 常见含有冠词及不含冠词的词组 4.1 常见含有冠词的词组 (1) 常见含有不定冠词的词组 a little/ few/ bit; have a look/ rest/ cold/ fever; have a good time; in a hurry; a lot of; a great time; a number of; make a decision; make a living; make a face; make a mistake; in a word; take a bus/ train/ plane (2) 常见含有定冠词的词 in the daytime; in the morning/ afternoon/ evening; in the middle of; in the end; in the open air; by the way; by the end of; at the beginning of; at the same time; at the moment; on the other side of; on the right/ left; on the one hand; on the other hand 4.2 常见的不含冠词的词组 at first/ last; at home/ school/ work; at noon/ night; by plane; all day and all night; in danger; in fact; in time; on time; on foot; watch TV; (stay/ be) in bed; go to school/ work/ bed 4.3 有无冠词的几个注意点: (1) 单数名词前面加冠词或不定冠词以及复数名词前不用冠词都可表示某一类。 A dog is a useful animal. = The dog is a useful animal. =Dogs are useful animals. 狗是有用的动物。 (2) 序数词前面用定冠词表示“第几”;用不定冠词表示“又一”;“再一”。 Who can answer the first question? 谁能回答第一个问题? I have had two apples. But I would like a third one. 我已经吃了两个苹果了。 但是我还想再吃一个。 (3) 某些固定短语中有无定冠词的区别: 无定冠词 有定冠词 at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁边(不一定在吃饭) at/ in school 在上学 at/ in the school 在学校里(不一定是学生) by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the bed 走到床边(不一定是去睡觉) in bed(睡、病、躺)在床上 in the bed 在床上 in class 在课上 in the class 在班级里 in front of 在(外部的)前面 in the front of 在(内部的)前面 in hospital(生病)住院 in the hospital 在医院里(不一定在住院) on earth 究竟 on the Earth 在地球上 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 1、单项选择 ( )1. —Do you know _ woman in red? —Yes, she is a teacher of _ university. A. the; a B. a; an C. the; an D. / ; the ( )2. —What do you know about England and Singapore? —England is _ European country and Singapore is _ Asian country. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an ( )3. —Quickly! If we miss _ last bus, we'll have to go home on _ foot. —I'm coming. A. a; / B. the; a C. the; / D. a; a ( )4. — _ old man in _ brown coat over there is Mr Wang. —Let's go and say hello to him. A. An; a B. An; the C. The; a D. The; the ( )5. —How will you go to America? —By _ plane. A. / B. a C. the D. an ( )6. —Do you know the Double Ninth Festival? —Yes, I do. It reminds me to respect _ old. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )7. —I had _ glass of milk for _ breakfast this morning. —Oh, that's not enough. A. an; a B. a; / C. the; / D. a; the ( )8. —There is _ pen on the desk. Would you please pass _ pen to me? —OK. Here you are. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the ( )9. —We will have _ meeting on _ Wednesday. —Oh, I don't know if I have time. A. a; / B. the; a C. a; the D. / ; / ( )10. —Kitty is _ active girl and she is fond of playing _ volleyball. —Yes, she is. A. an; a B. a; the C. an; / D. a; / 2、答案 学前自测 1-5 CBBCB 6-10 BCCBB 巩固训练 单项选择 1-5 ADCCA 6-10 CBBAC 专题四 数词 一、学前自测(发现考点) ( )1. _ people are sending and receiving text messages. A. Million of B. Several million of C. Millions of D. Several millions ( )2. Before the new year, _ people went to visit the flower market. A. thousands of B. 8 thousands of C. 8 thousand of D. thousand of ( )3. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's _ years old. A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth ( )4. —Is it far from your home to school? —Not very far, only _. A. 15 minute's rides B. 15 minutes' ride C. 15 minute's ride D. 15 minutes' rides ( )5. Time isn’t enough for me. Can you give me _? A. two another minutes B. more two minutes C. another minutes two D. another two minutes ( )6. Each year _ sharks are killed worldwide for their fins(鱼鳍). A. million of B. millions of C. many millions D. four millions ( )7. It's about _ walk from my home. A. ten minute B. ten minutes' C. ten minute's D. ten-minutes ( )8. The old man has _ sons. Deal is the _ one. A. three; two B. three; second C. third; two D. third; second ( )9. This classroom is _ ours. A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as ( )10. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 二、常考考点知识清单(研习考点) 1、考点一 基数词的用法及读法 1.1 基数词的构成及读法 基数词 构成及读法 例词 1 ~12 1 ~12 的基数词为特定的独立单词 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 13 ~19 13 ~19 的基数词皆以-teen 结尾,单词中的两个音节都读重音 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 20 ~90 20 为 twenty。 30 ~90 之间的整十基数词皆以-ty 结尾,第一个音节重读 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 注意:1. 21 ~99 之间的各非整十数词须在十位与个位之间加连字符“-”。 如:32 thirty-two 2. 读数字时,百位和十位之间、百位和个位之间加 and。 如:134 one hundred and thirty-four; 106 one hundred and six 英语中的“万”“亿” 英语中的“万”用十千表示,“亿”用百个百万来表示 forty thousand 四万;two hundred million 两亿 其他数词 1000 以上的数字,从后向前数,每三位加“,”。 第一个“,”前为 thousand,第二个“,”前为 mil-lion,第三个“,”前为 one billion 或 one thousand million。 每一节从左到右按百、十、个的顺序表示。 如:243, 621, 304, 782 读作:two hundred and forty-three billion, six hundred and twenty-one mil-lion, three hundred and four thousand, seven hundred and eighty-two 其他数词 注意:hundred, thousand, million, billion 表示确定的数目时不用复数形式。 后面跟名词时,名词需用复数形式;如果这四个基数词后面跟 of 表示概数,则此四个基数词必须用复数形式。 如:thousands of 成千的 巧记: hundred, thousand 和 million 等,有时含糊有时清;清时两无(无 s 和 of),含糊时两有(有 s 和 of)。 1.2 基数词的用法 序号 用法 例句 1 基数词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 Twenty of them are Young Pioneers. 他们当中有二十个是少先队员。 2 用于名词之后表示顺序编号 Please open your books and turn to Page 28. 请打开书翻到第 28 页。 3 基数词可表示年份、时间(钟点)、电话号码、年龄等 I was born on July 12, 1989. 我出生在 1989 年 7 月 12 日。 4 表示“世纪年代”,用“in + the +基数词复数” in the 1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代 5 in one's+整十的基数词复数表示“在某人……多岁时” The old woman is in her nineties. 这位老太太九十多岁了。 6 数词+连字符+单数名词”或“数词+连字符+单数名词+连字符+形容词”构成复合形容词作定语 We have a seven-day holiday in October. 在 10 月我们有一个 7 天的假期。 She is an eight-year-old Chinese girl. 她是一个 8 岁的中国女孩。 2、考点二 序数词的构成及用法 2.1. 序数词的构成及读法 范围 特点 例词 1 ~3 特殊记 first, second, third 4 ~19 在大多数基数词末尾直接加-th fourth, seventeenth 八去 t,九减 e, f 来把 ve 替 eighth, ninth, fifth, twelfth 20 ~90 把基数词后面的 y 变为 i 再加-eth twentieth, ninetieth 21 以上的多位数 个位数用序数词,其余用基数词 twenty-first, one hundred and sixty-eighth 2.2巧记: 基数词变序数词的口诀 基变序,有规律,一、二、三特殊记,结尾各是 t, d, d,八去 t,九减 e, f 来把 ve 替,整十变 y 为 ie,若是见到几十几,只变个位就可以,排列顺序不费力,连字符号莫丢弃。 巧学妙记加努力,hundred 是你的好成绩! 2.3 序数词的用法 (1) 序数词在句中可用作定语、主语、宾语和表语,前面要加定冠词 the。 The first is always better than the second. 第一总是比第二好。 She will choose the third. 她将选择第三个。 (2) 序数词前面可以用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰,此时序数词前面不加定冠词 the。 This is my third time to Shanghai. 这是我第三次去上海。 (3) 不定冠词 a/ an 与序数词连用,表示“又一;再一”。 I have been to Beijing twice, but I would like to go there a third time. 我去过北京两次,但是我想再去一次那里。 三、巩固训练(夯实基础) 1、单项选择 ( )1. — _ trees were cut down. And many birds lost their home. —I am sorry to hear that. A. Two thousands B. Thousands of C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of ( )2. Mr Zhang asked me _ question before I could answer _. A. the second; the first B. a second; a first C. a second; the first D. the second; a first ( )3. —Is there _ today? —Yes, a _ boy was killed by an accident today. A. anything new; ten-year-old B. new anything; ten years old C. anything new; ten years old D. new anything; ten-year-old ( )4. —Can you read “1245”? —Yes. It's _. A. one thousand and two hundred and forty five B. one thousand, two hundred and forty-five C. one thousand, two hundred and forty five D. one thousand, two hundreds and forty-five ( )5. —There are thirty students in our class. —And _ of them are boys. A. two third B. second third C. two thirds D. second threes ( )6. —You have failed three times. —But I would like _ . A. four time B. four times C. a fourth time D. a four times ( )7. —Mary, what is three times three? —It's _. A. six B. sixth C. nine D. ninth ( )8. —Can I book a room now? —Of course. _ is available now. A. The 405 Room B. 405 Room C. The Room 405 D. Room 405 ( )9. —Do you know when is National Day? —It's on _. A. first the October B. October the first C. one of October D. October of the first ( )10. —What do you know about the letter? —It was written in _. A. 1480's B. 1480s C. the 1480s D. the 1480 2、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) Father's Day is on the _ (three) Sunday in June every year. 2) I go to the gym _ (one) a week. 3) Today is my _ (twenty) birthday. 4) There are _ (fiftieth) people in the playground. 5) We have meals three _ (time) a day. 6) My eldest brother wrote his first poem in his _ (thirty). 7) _ (Thousand) of people became homeless because of the earthquake. 8) Three _ (hundred) children took part in the activity. 9) I would like to have a _ (two) banana though I have had one. 10) It’s September the _ (nine) today. 3、答案 学前自测 1-5 CAABD 6-10 BBBCD 巩固训练 1-5 BCABC 6-10 CCDBC 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1) third 2) once 3) twentieth 4) fifty 5) times 6) thirties 7) Thousands 8) hundred 9) second 10) ninth 专题五 介词 一、学前自测(发现考点) ( )1. I lost my way _ a rainy night and my parents were quite worried _ me. A. in; about B. on; about C. at; with D. on; with ( )2. When our parents are not at home, we need to _ourselves. A. look after B. look at C. look up D. look around ( )3. —When did your aunt arrive China? —She got to Guangzhou the morning of May 15th. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on ( )4. It's very nice _ you to pick me up at the bus station. A. for B. to C. of D. with ( )5. —What does your English teacher look like? —She is a pretty lady _ long straight hair. A. on B. with C. of D. for ( )6. —When is your summer vacation? —It begins _ July 15th and I don't have to go to school until August 31st. A. on B. in C. at D. by ( )7. I paid about 100 dollars _ the new clothes. A. for B. on C. to D. of ( )8. The earthquake happened in Yunnan Province _ a cold morning of December. A. in B. at C. to D. on ( )9. —What happened to Mark? —He fell off the bike _ a snowy mornin