2026-2027学年人教版英语暑假八升九 Lesson8 Unit 4预习

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇-句型-语篇三维整合，通过多义对比、词性转换、语境应用等分层训练，系统提升语言综合运用能力与学习策略。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |熟词生义|15词/15填空|多义对比+语境选词|从本义到引申义，构建词汇网络| |词性转换|20词/20填空|规则归纳+形式转换|基础词性到派生词性，强化构词规律| |词组运用|19词组/19仿写|例句引导+语境仿写|从固定搭配到情境应用，提升表达准确性| |关键句型|2句型/2仿写|结构解析+句式仿写|从语法结构到意义表达，培养句型应用能力| |主题阅读|1语篇/多题型|词汇理解+语篇分析|整合词汇、阅读策略，实现语言能力综合迁移|

Lesson8（Unit4） 1.熟词生义 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 本义：位置；地方 v. 本义：安置；使处于 n. ①职位、工作岗位 ②立场、态度 ③身体姿势、体育站位 chain /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条 n. ①连锁（商店、酒店） ②一连串（事故、事件） v. 用链条拴住、束缚 case /keɪs/ n. 情况；事实 n. ①箱子、收纳盒 ②官司、案件 ③病例、病患 grown-up /ˌɡrəʊnˈʌp/ adj.成年的 n.成年人 recall /rɪˈkɔːl/ v.回忆起；回想起 v.召回（产品、人员）；收回 boost /buːst/ v.促进；使增长 n.帮助；增长；推动 technique /tekˈniːk/ n.技巧 n.工艺；专业手法 passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n.段落 n.走廊；通道；航程；通行 view /vjuː/ v.看；观看 n.观点；视野；风景 v.看待 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj.有效的 adj.生效的；给人深刻印象的 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n.燃料 v.刺激；加剧；给…提供燃料 address /əˈdres/ n.地址 v.解决；处理；发表演说 n.致辞 account /əˈkaʊnt/ n.账户；账目 n.描述；解释 v.认为 wild /waɪld/ adj.野生的；自然生长的 adj.狂热的；失控的；荒凉的 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v.辨认出 v.认可；承认；意识到 根据表格单词选词填空 1. The new policy gave a big ______ to local tourism. 2. When you write a report, you need to ______ the main problems first. 3. He could not ______ the name of his old classmate at once. 4. In this ______, we have to give up the original plan. 5. We walked along a dark ______ to reach the back door of the building. 6. The young man holds a clear ______ on environmental protection. 7. The heated argument ______ everyone’s anger in the room. 8. This painting uses a special painting ______ that few artists master. 9. Every ______ should take responsibility for their own decisions. 10. The factory has to ______ all the unsafe products from the market. 11. She was asked to give a full ______ of what happened that night. 12. The ______ crowd rushed towards the stage as soon as the singer appeared. 13. This store is part of a national supermarket ______. 14. The medicine is safe and ______ for most patients. 15. She took a high ______ in a famous international company last year. 2.词性转换 1. sad adj. 伤心的 → sadness n. 悲伤→ sadly adv. 悲伤地 2. react v. 作出反应；回应 → reaction n. 反应 3. stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的 → stably adv. 稳定地→ stability n. 稳定性 4. lecture n. 讲座；讲课 v. 讲授 → lecturer n. 讲师 5. memorize (=memorise) v. 记住；记忆 → memory n. 记忆；记忆力→ memorable adj. 难忘的 6. position n. 位置；地方 v. 安置；使处于 → positioned adj. 处于……位置的 7. chain n. 链条 v. 用链条拴住、束缚 → chained adj. 被锁住的 8. technique n. 技巧 → technical adj. 技术的→ technically adv. 技术层面上→ technology n. 科技 9. discuss v. 讨论；谈论；商量 → discussion n. 讨论 10. imagine v. 想象 → image n. 图像；形象→ imagination n. 想象力 11. graph n. 图；图表 → graphic adj. 图表的；生动的 12. effect n. 效果；作用 → effective adj. 有效的→ effectively adv. 有效地 13. engine n. 发动机 → engineer n. 工程师→ engineering n. 工程学 14. increase v. 增加 /ɪnˈkriːs/ n. 增长 /ˈɪŋkriːs/ → increasing adj. 不断增长的→ increasingly adv. 越来越多地 15. blood n. 血 → bleed v. 流血→ bloody adj. 流血的；血腥的 16. wound n. 伤口；创伤 v. 使受伤 → wounded adj. 受伤的 17. recognize (=recognise) v. 辨认出；认可 → recognition n. 认出；认可 18. full adj. 满的 → fully adv. 完全地；充分地 19. divide v.（把……）分成 → division n. 分开；除法 20. invent v. 发明；创造 → invention n. 发明；创造→ inventor n. 发明家 适当形式填空 1. This book offers some______ (technique) ways of solving math problems.. 2. The ______ (discuss) about environmental protection lasted two hours. 3. The old man was deeply ______ (wound) by his son’s rude words. 4. This kind of car is driven by a new ______ (engine). 5. The ______ (invent) of the camera changed people’s life greatly. 6. You should read the text ______ (full) before answering the questions. 7. The ______ (react) of the public surprised all the reporters. 8. The ______ (memorize) of new words takes me half an hour every day. 9. We can see the change of data from this ______ (graphic). 10. The number of visitors is ______ (increase) year by year. 11. His face was ______ (blood) after the fall. 12. People didn’t ______ (recognition) his talent at first. 13. There is a clear ______ (divide) between the two groups. 14. It’s hard for me to ______ (image) living on Mars. 15. The medicine works ______ (effect) on the cold. 16. She felt great ______ (sad) when she lost her pet dog. 17. The animals are ______ (chain) in small cages in the zoo. 18. The ______ (stable) of the building is very important for safety. 19. The ______ (lecture) will give us a talk about space this Friday. 20. He took a high ______ (positioned) in the international company. 3.词组运用 1.run out (of sth) 用完；耗尽 2.react to 对…… 作出反应；回应 3.mix up 混淆；弄乱 4.put sth to good use 有效利用某物 5.make up ground on sb/sth 追上、逼近某人 / 某物 6.catch up with 赶上；追上（人） 7.keep (...) in mind 记在心中；记住 8.in sb’s case 就某人的情况而言 9.go through 经历；仔细查看 10.happen to 碰巧；发生在…… 身上 11.step by step 循序渐进地 12.divide ...into ...把…… 分成 13.in general 总的来说；通常 14.come across 偶然遇见；发现 15.try out 试用；尝试 16.in case 以防万一 17lead to 导致；造成 18.to start with 首先 19.wear out 磨损 例句仿写 1. run out (of) 用完；耗尽 Lots of students who take outdoor‑activities have run out of their water in the past few hours. 仿写：那些长期练习的运动员已经耗尽了体力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. react to 对……作出反应；回应 Players who can react to sudden changes quickly will get better scores. 仿写：能够回应失败的学生可以变得更强大。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. mix up 混淆；弄乱 Whenever I learn similar words, I mix them up easily. 仿写：每当做语法题，我总会混淆两个短语。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. put sth to good use 有效利用某物 We collect old notebooks to put them to good use. 仿写：我利用空余时间来有效利用旧书本。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. make up ground on sb./sth. 追上、逼近某人/某物 In the second half of the race, the runner made up ground on the front player step by step. 仿写：在最后一段路程中，这名男孩慢慢追上了领先的对手。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. catch up with 赶上；追上（人） Only by keeping practicing can I catch up with my classmate. 仿写：只有每天坚持阅读，我才能追上同班同学。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. keep (...) in mind 记在心中；记住 This rule, which guides our study, we should keep in mind all the time. 仿写：这条道理可以帮助我们成长，我们要铭记在心。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. in sb’s case 就某人的情况而言 Even if most people give up, in my case I will keep on trying. 仿写：即使任务十分艰难，就他的情况而言他绝不放弃。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 9. go through 经历；仔细查看 He has gone through lots of hard‑times during his training these years. 仿写：在过去三年里，我经历了许多挑战。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10. happen to 碰巧；发生在……身上 When I walked past the classroom, I happened to meet my teacher. 仿写：当我路过操场时，我碰巧看见了那位运动员。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. step by step 循序渐进地 We learn English step by step, improving our skills day by day. 仿写：他循序渐进地坚持训练，提升自己的跑步速度。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12. divide …into… 把……分成 The teacher who manages our class divides us into four study groups. 仿写：组织比赛的教练把选手分成两支队伍。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13. in general 总的来说；通常 In general, the truth is that hard‑work brings better results. 仿写：总的来说，道理就是坚持可以带来进步。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 14. come across 偶然遇见；发现 I have come across many useful learning tips in the past month. 仿写：在过去几周里，我偶然遇见了很多志同道合的伙伴。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 15. try out 试用；尝试 She takes part in the activity to try out new ways of training. 仿写：我加入社团，用来尝试新的学习方法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 16. in case 以防万一 Whenever I take exams, I take extra pens in case I need them. 仿写：每当我跑步时，我都会带着水以备不时之需。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 17. lead to 导致；造成 No matter what you do, lazy habits will lead to bad results. 仿写：无论情况如何，坚持练习会带来成功。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18. to start with 首先 To start with, which is the first rule, we need to build confidence. 仿写：首先，也是第一个步骤，我们要做好计划。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 19. wear out 磨损；耗竭 His sports‑shoes have worn out since he started daily‑training last year. 仿写：自从我坚持跑步以来，我的鞋子已经磨损了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4.关键句型 1.课文原文：Bad sleep makes it harder for new information to enter your long-term memory. 解析：核心为it作形式宾语, 实际宾语是to enter your long-term memory 句式：主语 + make(s) it + 形容词 + for sb./sth. + to do sth. 意为“……使得做某事对……而言很……” 仿写：过多的压力会让我们很难专注于学习。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2.课文原文：A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind. 解析：核心为both...and...并列结构，boost可翻译为增强 句式：主语 + 动词 + both + 名词1 + and + 名词2 意为“……同时提升/促进A和B” 仿写：定期锻炼既能增强你的体质，也能提升你的情绪。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5.主题阅读 Memory marvels When you’re learning a new language, there are a lot of things to remember: spelling rules, grammar rules, punctuation rules ... the list is endless. But there’s something that can help you: mnemonics [pronounced “nemonics”]. Mnemonics are techniques to help you remember things. There are a variety of them, including rhymes, spelling acronyms and sentence mnemonics. Rhymes are a great way to remember things. The sounds, unusual words and rhythm of them help you recall ideas. Do you know when Columbus sailed to America? There’s a rhyme to help you which goes like this, “In fourteen-hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” Most people who’ve heard it that never forget it! Spelling acronyms involve creating a sentence based on the letters of a target word. For example, the following sentence can help you with the spelling of the word “because”, “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”. Notice how the first letter of each word in the sentence spells out the word “because”. This one is designed to remind you to include the “h” in the word “which”, “Which house is Cath’s house?” To spell Mississippi, a rhythm mnemonic is combined with a spelling one: “miss iss ippi”. And if you can’t remember the spelling of the word “mnemonics”, use this one “Mike never eats meat or nuts in case he’s sick”! Sentence mnemonics are also useful. The following can help you with the difference between the words “principal” and “principle”, “A principal is your pal at school, and a principle is a belief or rule.” Or this one to help you remember the difference in spelling between “deserts” (such as the Sahara) and “desserts” (such as Tiramisu), “A dessert has two sugars so it’s sweeter, but a desert only has one.” [The two “sugars” mentioned in the sentence refer to the two s’s in the word “dessert”.] Or this one to clear up the confusion between “stationery” and “stationary”, “The car is stationary. An envelope is stationery”. You can learn grammar rules with sentence mnemonics too. For example, this one can help you with the position of adjectives, “Adjectives come before nouns just as ‘A’ comes before ‘N’.” And this one can help you learn about the use of apostrophes (撇号), “Apostrophes show possession.” Mnemonics can help a lot with language learning. Why not try inventing a few of your own! Vocabulary I. 找对应翻译 1. technique　　　　　　 a. having or owning sth. 2. a variety of　　　　 b. a method or a skill 3. recall　　　　　　　 c. different kinds of 4. combine　　　　　　 d. to join things together 5. possession　　　　　 e. to bring sth. back into one’s mind II. 选词填空 clear up, confusion, endless, invent, notice, position, refer to, remind, target, unusual 1. He ______ the first electric clock. 2. It is ______ for trees to flower so early. 3. Please ______ me to do my homework after dinner. 4. It has been rainy for a week. I hope it will ______ soon. 5. My ______ is to get a high score in the test next month. 6. The mother is very busy. She has a(n) ______ list of things to do. 7. She didn’t ______ me coming into the room until I called her name. 8. From his ______ on the mountain top, he had a good view of the city. 9. You can ______ the dictionary when you don’t know how to spell a word. 10. Things were happening too quickly. He was ______ and didn’t know what to do next. III. 简答 1. What do you need to remember when you’re learning a new language? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What are mnemonics? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How do rhymes help you recall ideas? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. How do you use spelling acronyms to remember things? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Apart from words, what else can you learn with sentence mnemonics? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Can you invent a mnemonic to remember the difference between “diary” and “dairy”? ____________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Read the article again and find the answers. What mnemonic can help you ... 1. … learn the date that Columbus sailed to America? 2. … learn the spelling of the word “because”? 3. … remember the spelling of the word “Mississippi”? 4. … learn the difference between “principal” and “principle”? 5. … help you learn about the position of adjectives. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Lesson8（Unit4） 1.熟词生义 position /pəˈzɪʃn/ n. 本义：位置；地方 v. 本义：安置；使处于 n. ①职位、工作岗位 ②立场、态度 ③身体姿势、体育站位 chain /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条 n. ①连锁（商店、酒店） ②一连串（事故、事件） v. 用链条拴住、束缚 case /keɪs/ n. 情况；事实 n. ①箱子、收纳盒 ②官司、案件 ③病例、病患 grown-up /ˌɡrəʊnˈʌp/ adj.成年的 n.成年人 recall /rɪˈkɔːl/ v.回忆起；回想起 v.召回（产品、人员）；收回 boost /buːst/ v.促进；使增长 n.帮助；增长；推动 technique /tekˈniːk/ n.技巧 n.工艺；专业手法 passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n.段落 n.走廊；通道；航程；通行 view /vjuː/ v.看；观看 n.观点；视野；风景 v.看待 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj.有效的 adj.生效的；给人深刻印象的 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n.燃料 v.刺激；加剧；给…提供燃料 address /əˈdres/ n.地址 v.解决；处理；发表演说 n.致辞 account /əˈkaʊnt/ n.账户；账目 n.描述；解释 v.认为 wild /waɪld/ adj.野生的；自然生长的 adj.狂热的；失控的；荒凉的 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v.辨认出 v.认可；承认；意识到 根据表格单词选词填空 1. The new policy gave a big ______ to local tourism. 2. When you write a report, you need to ______ the main problems first. 3. He could not ______ the name of his old classmate at once. 4. In this ______, we have to give up the original plan. 5. We walked along a dark ______ to reach the back door of the building. 6. The young man holds a clear ______ on environmental protection. 7. The heated argument ______ everyone’s anger in the room. 8. This painting uses a special painting ______ that few artists master. 9. Every ______ should take responsibility for their own decisions. 10. The factory has to ______ all the unsafe products from the market. 11. She was asked to give a full ______ of what happened that night. 12. The ______ crowd rushed towards the stage as soon as the singer appeared. 13. This store is part of a national supermarket ______. 14. The medicine is safe and ______ for most patients. 15. She took a high ______ in a famous international company last year. 1. boost 2. address 3. recognize 4. case 5. passage 6. view 7. fueled 8. technique 9. grown-up 10. recall 11. account 12. wild 13. chain 14. effective 15. position 2.词性转换 1. sad adj. 伤心的 → sadness n. 悲伤→ sadly adv. 悲伤地 2. react v. 作出反应；回应 → reaction n. 反应 3. stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的 → stably adv. 稳定地→ stability n. 稳定性 4. lecture n. 讲座；讲课 v. 讲授 → lecturer n. 讲师 5. memorize (=memorise) v. 记住；记忆 → memory n. 记忆；记忆力→ memorable adj. 难忘的 6. position n. 位置；地方 v. 安置；使处于 → positioned adj. 处于……位置的 7. chain n. 链条 v. 用链条拴住、束缚 → chained adj. 被锁住的 8. technique n. 技巧 → technical adj. 技术的→ technically adv. 技术层面上→ technology n. 科技 9. discuss v. 讨论；谈论；商量 → discussion n. 讨论 10. imagine v. 想象 → image n. 图像；形象→ imagination n. 想象力 11. graph n. 图；图表 → graphic adj. 图表的；生动的 12. effect n. 效果；作用 → effective adj. 有效的→ effectively adv. 有效地 13. engine n. 发动机 → engineer n. 工程师→ engineering n. 工程学 14. increase v. 增加 /ɪnˈkriːs/ n. 增长 /ˈɪŋkriːs/ → increasing adj. 不断增长的→ increasingly adv. 越来越多地 15. blood n. 血 → bleed v. 流血→ bloody adj. 流血的；血腥的 16. wound n. 伤口；创伤 v. 使受伤 → wounded adj. 受伤的 17. recognize (=recognise) v. 辨认出；认可 → recognition n. 认出；认可 18. full adj. 满的 → fully adv. 完全地；充分地 19. divide v.（把……）分成 → division n. 分开；除法 20. invent v. 发明；创造 → invention n. 发明；创造→ inventor n. 发明家 适当形式填空 1. This book offers some______ (technique) ways of solving math problems.. 2. The ______ (discuss) about environmental protection lasted two hours. 3. The old man was deeply ______ (wound) by his son’s rude words. 4. This kind of car is driven by a new ______ (engine). 5. The ______ (invent) of the camera changed people’s life greatly. 6. You should read the text ______ (full) before answering the questions. 7. The ______ (react) of the public surprised all the reporters. 8. The ______ (memorize) of new words takes me half an hour every day. 9. We can see the change of data from this ______ (graphic). 10. The number of visitors is ______ (increase) year by year. 11. His face was ______ (blood) after the fall. 12. People didn’t ______ (recognition) his talent at first. 13. There is a clear ______ (divide) between the two groups. 14. It’s hard for me to ______ (image) living on Mars. 15. The medicine works ______ (effect) on the cold. 16. She felt great ______ (sad) when she lost her pet dog. 17. The animals are ______ (chain) in small cages in the zoo. 18. The ______ (stable) of the building is very important for safety. 19. The ______ (lecture) will give us a talk about space this Friday. 20. He took a high ______ (positioned) in the international company. 1. technical 2. discussion 3. wounded 4. engine 5. invention 6. fully 7. reaction 8. memorization/memory 9. graph 10. increasing 11. bloody 12. recognize 13. division 14. imagine 15. effectively 16. sadness 17. chained 18. stability 19. lecturer 20. position 3.词组运用 1.run out (of sth) 用完；耗尽 2.react to 对…… 作出反应；回应 3.mix up 混淆；弄乱 4.put sth to good use 有效利用某物 5.make up ground on sb/sth 追上、逼近某人 / 某物 6.catch up with 赶上；追上（人） 7.keep (...) in mind 记在心中；记住 8.in sb’s case 就某人的情况而言 9.go through 经历；仔细查看 10.happen to 碰巧；发生在…… 身上 11.step by step 循序渐进地 12.divide ...into ...把…… 分成 13.in general 总的来说；通常 14.come across 偶然遇见；发现 15.try out 试用；尝试 16.in case 以防万一 17lead to 导致；造成 18.to start with 首先 19.wear out 磨损 例句仿写 1. run out (of) 用完；耗尽 Lots of students who take outdoor‑activities have run out of their water in the past few hours. 仿写：那些长期练习的运动员已经耗尽了体力。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. react to 对……作出反应；回应 Players who can react to sudden changes quickly will get better scores. 仿写：能够回应失败的学生可以变得更强大。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. mix up 混淆；弄乱 Whenever I learn similar words, I mix them up easily. 仿写：每当做语法题，我总会混淆两个短语。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. put sth to good use 有效利用某物 We collect old notebooks to put them to good use. 仿写：我利用空余时间来有效利用旧书本。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. make up ground on sb./sth. 追上、逼近某人/某物 In the second half of the race, the runner made up ground on the front player step by step. 仿写：在最后一段路程中，这名男孩慢慢追上了领先的对手。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. catch up with 赶上；追上（人） Only by keeping practicing can I catch up with my classmate. 仿写：只有每天坚持阅读，我才能追上同班同学。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. keep (...) in mind 记在心中；记住 This rule, which guides our study, we should keep in mind all the time. 仿写：这条道理可以帮助我们成长，我们要铭记在心。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. in sb’s case 就某人的情况而言 Even if most people give up, in my case I will keep on trying. 仿写：即使任务十分艰难，就他的情况而言他绝不放弃。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 9. go through 经历；仔细查看 He has gone through lots of hard‑times during his training these years. 仿写：在过去三年里，我经历了许多挑战。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10. happen to 碰巧；发生在……身上 When I walked past the classroom, I happened to meet my teacher. 仿写：当我路过操场时，我碰巧看见了那位运动员。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. step by step 循序渐进地 We learn English step by step, improving our skills day by day. 仿写：他循序渐进地坚持训练，提升自己的跑步速度。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12. divide …into… 把……分成 The teacher who manages our class divides us into four study groups. 仿写：组织比赛的教练把选手分成两支队伍。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13. in general 总的来说；通常 In general, the truth is that hard‑work brings better results. 仿写：总的来说，道理就是坚持可以带来进步。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 14. come across 偶然遇见；发现 I have come across many useful learning tips in the past month. 仿写：在过去几周里，我偶然遇见了很多志同道合的伙伴。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 15. try out 试用；尝试 She takes part in the activity to try out new ways of training. 仿写：我加入社团，用来尝试新的学习方法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 16. in case 以防万一 Whenever I take exams, I take extra pens in case I need them. 仿写：每当我跑步时，我都会带着水以备不时之需。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 17. lead to 导致；造成 No matter what you do, lazy habits will lead to bad results. 仿写：无论情况如何，坚持练习会带来成功。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18. to start with 首先 To start with, which is the first rule, we need to build confidence. 仿写：首先，也是第一个步骤，我们要做好计划。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 19. wear out 磨损；耗竭 His sports‑shoes have worn out since he started daily‑training last year. 仿写：自从我坚持跑步以来，我的鞋子已经磨损了。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1. A large number of athletes who train for a long time have run out of their energy. 2. Students who react to failure can become much stronger. 3. Whenever I do grammar exercises, I always mix up the two phrases. 4. I make use of my free time to put old books to good use. 5. In the final part of the race, the young boy made up ground on the leading player little by little. 6. Only by reading every day can I catch up with my classmates. 7. This truth, which helps us grow, we should keep in mind. 8. Even if the task is hard, in his case he will never give up. 9. I have gone through plenty of challenges during the past three years. 10. When I walked past the playground, I happened to see the player. 11. He keeps training step by step, increasing his running speed. 12. The coach who organizes the competition divides the players into two teams. 13. In general, the truth is that persistence brings progress. 14. I have come across many partners with the same interests in the past weeks. 15. I join the club to try out new learning ways. 16. Whenever I go running, I carry water in case I need it. 17. No matter what the situation is, keeping practicing will lead to success. 18. To start with, which is the first step, we need to make a plan. 19. My shoes have worn out since I kept running. 4.关键句型 1.课文原文：Bad sleep makes it harder for new information to enter your long-term memory. 解析：核心为it作形式宾语, 实际宾语是to enter your long-term memory 句式：主语 + make(s) it + 形容词 + for sb./sth. + to do sth. 意为“……使得做某事对……而言很……” 仿写：过多的压力会让我们很难专注于学习。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ Too much stress makes it hard for us to focus on our studies. 2.课文原文：A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind. 解析：核心为both...and...并列结构，boost可翻译为增强 句式：主语 + 动词 + both + 名词1 + and + 名词2 意为“……同时提升/促进A和B” 仿写：定期锻炼既能增强你的体质，也能提升你的情绪。 ____________________________________________________________________________________ Regular exercise boosts both your body and your mood. 5.主题阅读 Memory marvels When you’re learning a new language, there are a lot of things to remember: spelling rules, grammar rules, punctuation rules ... the list is endless. But there’s something that can help you: mnemonics [pronounced “nemonics”]. Mnemonics are techniques to help you remember things. There are a variety of them, including rhymes, spelling acronyms and sentence mnemonics. Rhymes are a great way to remember things. The sounds, unusual words and rhythm of them help you recall ideas. Do you know when Columbus sailed to America? There’s a rhyme to help you which goes like this, “In fourteen-hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” Most people who’ve heard it that never forget it! Spelling acronyms involve creating a sentence based on the letters of a target word. For example, the following sentence can help you with the spelling of the word “because”, “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”. Notice how the first letter of each word in the sentence spells out the word “because”. This one is designed to remind you to include the “h” in the word “which”, “Which house is Cath’s house?” To spell Mississippi, a rhythm mnemonic is combined with a spelling one: “miss iss ippi”. And if you can’t remember the spelling of the word “mnemonics”, use this one “Mike never eats meat or nuts in case he’s sick”! Sentence mnemonics are also useful. The following can help you with the difference between the words “principal” and “principle”, “A principal is your pal at school, and a principle is a belief or rule.” Or this one to help you remember the difference in spelling between “deserts” (such as the Sahara) and “desserts” (such as Tiramisu), “A dessert has two sugars so it’s sweeter, but a desert only has one.” [The two “sugars” mentioned in the sentence refer to the two s’s in the word “dessert”.] Or this one to clear up the confusion between “stationery” and “stationary”, “The car is stationary. An envelope is stationery”. You can learn grammar rules with sentence mnemonics too. For example, this one can help you with the position of adjectives, “Adjectives come before nouns just as ‘A’ comes before ‘N’.” And this one can help you learn about the use of apostrophes (撇号), “Apostrophes show possession.” Mnemonics can help a lot with language learning. Why not try inventing a few of your own! Vocabulary I. 找对应翻译 1. technique　　　　　　 a. having or owning sth. 2. a variety of　　　　 b. a method or a skill 3. recall　　　　　　　 c. different kinds of 4. combine　　　　　　 d. to join things together 5. possession　　　　　 e. to bring sth. back into one’s mind II. 选词填空 clear up, confusion, endless, invent, notice, position, refer to, remind, target, unusual 1. He ______ the first electric clock. 2. It is ______ for trees to flower so early. 3. Please ______ me to do my homework after dinner. 4. It has been rainy for a week. I hope it will ______ soon. 5. My ______ is to get a high score in the test next month. 6. The mother is very busy. She has a(n) ______ list of things to do. 7. She didn’t ______ me coming into the room until I called her name. 8. From his ______ on the mountain top, he had a good view of the city. 9. You can ______ the dictionary when you don’t know how to spell a word. 10. Things were happening too quickly. He was ______ and didn’t know what to do next. III. 简答 1. What do you need to remember when you’re learning a new language? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What are mnemonics? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How do rhymes help you recall ideas? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. How do you use spelling acronyms to remember things? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Apart from words, what else can you learn with sentence mnemonics? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Can you invent a mnemonic to remember the difference between “diary” and “dairy”? ____________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Read the article again and find the answers. What mnemonic can help you ... 1. … learn the date that Columbus sailed to America? 2. … learn the spelling of the word “because”? 3. … remember the spelling of the word “Mississippi”? 4. … learn the difference between “principal” and “principle”? 5. … help you learn about the position of adjectives. I. bceda II. 1.invented 2.unusual 3.remind 4.clear up 5.target 6.endless 7.notice 8.position 9.refer to 10.confused III. 1.Spelling rules, grammar rules, punctuation rules and so on. 2.Mnemonics are techniques to help you remember things. 3.Through the sounds, unusual words and rhythm of them. 4.By creating a sentence based on the letters of a target word. 5. Grammar rules 6.Milk is my favourite dairy. I write in a diary each day. IV. 1. In fourteen-hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. 2.Big elephants can always understand small elephants. 3.Miss iss ippi 4.A principal is your pal at school, and a principle is a belief or rule. 5.Adjectives come before nouns just as “A “comes before “N”. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $