暑假语法知识巩固专练·动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语（专项训练）2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦动词不定式作宾补和状语，以“规则-易错-应用”三维体系构建方法框架，衔接八下与初三语法，提升语言运用准确性与备考效率。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |不定式作宾补|典例1题+巩固3题|带to/省to规则（常规动词vs感官/使役动词）+被动还原to|概念（补充说明宾语）→规则（主动省to/被动还原）→易错点（被动漏to、否定错序）| |不定式作状语|典例2题+巩固3题|目的状语位置（in order to/so as to区别）+结果状语三句型（too...to/enough to/only to）|功能（修饰谓语/整句）→分类（目的/结果/原因）→句型辨析（如too...to被动结构）| |综合应用|单选15题+语法填空2篇+写作2题|跨题型迁移（单选考规则、语法填空考语境应用、写作考提分表达）|基础规则→语篇融合→写作输出，强化语言能力与思维品质|

暑假语法知识巩固专练·动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语九年级上册人教版 01 复习目标 明考向 本考点是八下语法的核心内容，在期末考中占比约15%，近3年高频考点集中在三类题型： 1. 单项选择：2-3题，重点考「感官/使役动词的to取舍」「不定式固定搭配」「too...to/enough to句型辨析」 2. 语法填空：1-2空，重点考被动语态下的to还原、不定式作目的状语的变形 3. 书面表达：正确使用不定式作目的状语可提升1-2分，是写作提分的隐形加分项 知权重 不定式是初中语法的衔接性考点：八下掌握不牢，会直接影响初三非谓语动词、复合句的学习，暑假巩固能帮学生建立语法信心，降低初三学习难度。 晓关联 不定式常与被动语态、固定动词搭配、语境逻辑结合考查，写作中若误用会导致句子结构混乱、表意不清。 定目标 1. 熟练掌握不定式作宾补的「带to/省to」规则，尤其是感官/使役动词的主动被动变化 2. 能准确区分不定式作目的、结果、原因状语的用法，熟练运用too...to等固定句型 3. 能在暑假作业、日常写作中正确运用不定式，规避高频错误 02 知识重构 脉络重构：高频考点速览 考点分类 核心考查点 易错预警 不定式作宾补 1. ask/tell/want/encourage等常规动词后接带to不定式 2. see/hear/make/let等感官/使役动词主动语态省to，被动语态必须还原to 3. find/think+宾语+to be（可省略）结构 被动语态忘加to、不定式否定形式错写为to not do 不定式作状语 1. 目的状语：to do/in order to可放句首/句尾，so as to只能放句尾 2. 结果状语：too...to（太…而不能）、adj/enough to（足够…做）、only to（意外结果） 3. 原因状语：glad/sorry/surprised+to do so as to放句首、too...to后多余加it、only to误用于预期结果 知识点一 动词不定式作宾语补足语 核心知识梳理 宾补是对宾语的动作、状态进行补充说明，宾语和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系（宾语是动作的发出者），去掉宾补后句子表意不完整。 1. 接带to不定式作宾补的常规动词（to永不省略）： 表要求/期望：ask, tell, want, expect, wish, encourage, advise 表允许/迫使：allow, permit, force, get 例句：Our head teacher encourages us to read more classical books.（班主任鼓励我们多读经典，us是to read的逻辑主语） 2. 接省略to不定式作宾补的特殊动词（主动省to，被动必还原）： 感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice, feel 使役动词：make, let, have 例句： 主动：I saw him play basketball on the playground yesterday.（昨天我看见他在操场打篮球，省to） 被动：He was seen to play basketball on the playground yesterday.（他被看见在操场打篮球，还原to） 3. 固定结构： find/think/consider + 宾语 + (to be) + 名词/形容词，to be可省略 例句：We find the summer camp (to be) meaningful.（我们发现夏令营很有意义） 典例破题 The heavy rain made all the students ______ their umbrellas on the way to school. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 【解析】本题考查使役动词make的用法，主动语态下作宾补的不定式省略to，排除B；open和students是主动关系，排除D；句意为“大雨让所有学生在上学路上撑开了伞”，强调动作全过程用省to的不定式，选A。 【易错警示】若本题改为被动语态：All the students were made ______ their umbrellas...，则必须选B（to open），被动还原to是八下期末考最高频的丢分点。 巩固提升 1. My mom lets me ______ the dishes after dinner every day. A. wash B. to wash C. washing D. washed 2. The teacher often reminds us ______ our homework on time. A. hand in B. to hand in C. handing in D. handed in 3. The little boy was seen ______ kites on the playground yesterday afternoon. A. fly B. to fly C. flying D. flew 知识点二 动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语修饰谓语动词、形容词或整句话，交代动作的目的、原因、结果，去掉后主句结构仍完整。 1. 目的状语：表“为了…”，可放句首（用逗号隔开）或句尾。强化语气可用in order to/so as to，so as to不能放句首。 例句：To improve my spoken English, I read aloud every morning.（为了提高口语，我每天早上大声朗读，不定式放句首表目的） 2. 结果状语：表动作的最终结果，三类固定句型是中考核心考点： • only to do：表“不料/结果反倒”，强调意外、非预期的负面结果 • 形容词/副词+enough to do：表“足够…从而能做” • too+形容词/副词+to do：表“太…而不能”，本身含否定含义，无需再加not 例句： He hurried to the bus stop, only to find the bus had already left.（他匆忙赶到公交站，结果车已经开了，only to表意外） The chair is strong enough to hold three kids.（椅子足够结实，能坐三个孩子） The little kid is too short to reach the bookshelf.（孩子太矮，够不到书架） 3. 原因状语：依附带有情绪色彩的形容词，解释情绪产生的原因，常用结构：be + 情绪形容词(glad/sorry/surprised/pleased) + to do 例句：I'm glad to receive your letter.（收到你的来信我很开心） 典例破题1 ______ catch the early bus, she got up at 6 o'clock this morning. A. So as to B. In order to C. For D. To 【解析】本题考查目的状语的位置规则，so as to不能放在句首，排除A；for是介词，后接名词，排除C；句首表目的可用in order to或to，本题语境无特殊语气，选B更规范。 典例破题2 The math problem is too difficult ______ out by most students. A. to work B. to work it C. to be worked D. working 【解析】本题考查被动语态下的too...to结构，problem是work out的逻辑宾语，无需再加it，排除B；problem和work out是被动关系，要用被动不定式to be worked，选C。 【易错警示】too...to本身含否定含义，不要错写为The problem is too difficult not to work out；work out的宾语若是不定式逻辑主语，不能重复添加代词。 巩固提升 1. She saves her pocket money every month ______ buy a new dictionary. A. so that B. in order to C. because D. as 2. The box is too heavy ______ by a 7-year-old child. A. carry B. to carry C. to be carried D. carrying 3. I was surprised ______ my old friend at the summer camp yesterday. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met 03 综合通关 一、基础过关（单项选择，每题2分，共30分） 1. Our English teacher encourages us ______ English aloud every morning. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 2. I saw him ______ basketball on the playground when I passed by just now. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 3. In the old days, workers were made ______ more than 12 hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 4. ______ pass the PE exam, many students practice running every morning. A. So as to B. In order to C. For D. To 5. The soup is too hot ______ now. You'd better wait a minute. A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drank 6. He hurried to the cinema, ______ find the movie had already ended. A. only to B. in order to C. so as to D. to 7. My parents allow me ______ TV for an hour after I finish my homework. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 8. The little girl is old enough ______ herself after getting up. A. dress B. to dress C. dressing D. dressed 9. We are happy ______ that our class won the first prize in the sports meeting. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 10. They decided ______ a trip to Sanya this summer vacation. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 11. The music is loud enough ______ in the next room. A. hear B. to hear C. to be heard D. hearing 12. Let him ______ the blackboard after class, please. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 13. ______ get better at swimming, you should practice at least twice a week. A. So as to B. In order to C. Because D. For 14. The question is easy enough ______ by most students in our class. A. answer B. to answer C. to be answered D. answering 15. I was surprised ______ the news that our school team won the basketball match. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 二、语篇巩固（语法填空，每空2分，共20分） 短文1（校园志愿者主题） Last month, our school organized a volunteer activity to help clean the community park. Our head teacher asked us ______ (bring) trash bags and gloves. I saw some volunteers ______ (pick) up litter when I arrived. To make the park ______ (look) nicer, we also planted ten saplings. An old grandma was so happy ______ (see) our work that she gave us cold drinks. Later, we were praised by the community workers, and we felt proud ______ (be) part of the team. 短文2（暑假计划主题） To make my summer vacation meaningful, I make a detailed plan. First, I will get up early every morning ______ (read) English aloud for 20 minutes. My mom wants me ______ (finish) all my homework before playing games. I also plan ______ (learn) how to cook three simple dishes, because I think it's important ______ (be) independent. Sometimes I will go hiking with my friends, but if it rains, we will stay at home, only ______ (find) that we have nothing to do but read books. I'm sure this summer will be fun enough ______ (remember) forever. 三、写作微练（共20分） 1. （10分）请用动词不定式写3-5个句子，描述你的暑假计划，至少用到1个不定式作宾补、1个作目的状语、1个作结果状语。 示例：My mom asks me to read one book every week.（宾补）To improve my fitness, I will run every morning.（目的状语）The hill near my home is low enough to climb in half an hour.（结果状语） 2. （10分）你的笔友Tom暑假想来中国旅游，请你给他写一封80词左右的回信，给他一些旅行建议，要求用到至少3个不定式结构（作宾补或状语均可）。 提示词：book tickets（订票）, pack light clothes（装轻薄衣物）, show around（带…参观） 参考答案及详细解析 巩固提升答案 知识点一 1. A（let是使役动词，主动语态后接省to的不定式作宾补） 2. B（remind属于“提醒类”常规动词，后接带to的不定式作宾补，remind sb to do sth） 3. B（see是感官动词，被动语态下作宾补的不定式必须还原to） 知识点二 1. B（in order to表目的，符合“攒钱买字典”的语境；so that后接句子，because表原因，均不符合） 2. C（box和carry是被动关系，用被动不定式to be carried；too...to结构本身表否定，无需加not） 3. B（surprised是情绪形容词，后接不定式作原因状语，be surprised to do sth） 综合通关答案 一、基础过关 1. B（encourage sb to do sth固定搭配） 2. A（see sb do sth强调看到动作全过程，符合“路过时看到他在打球”的语境） 3. B（make被动语态下，宾补的不定式还原to） 4. B（目的状语放句首，so as to不能用于句首，排除A） 5. B（too...to固定句型，hot和drink是主动关系，用主动不定式） 6. A（only to表意外结果，符合“匆忙赶到影院却发现电影结束”的非预期语境） 7. B（allow sb to do sth固定搭配） 8. B（enough to固定句型，old enough to dress oneself“足够大能自己穿衣”） 9. B（happy是情绪形容词，后接不定式作原因状语） 10. B（decide to do sth固定搭配） 11. C（music和hear是被动关系，用被动不定式to be heard） 12. A（let是使役动词，主动语态后接省to的不定式） 13. B（目的状语放句首，so as to不能用于句首） 14. C（question和answer是被动关系，用被动不定式to be answered） 15. B（surprised是情绪形容词，后接不定式作原因状语） 二、语篇巩固 短文1：1. to bring（ask sb to do sth固定搭配）2. picking（see sb doing sth强调看到动作正在进行，符合“到达时看到志愿者正在捡垃圾”的语境）3. look（make sb do sth固定搭配）4. to see（happy to do sth原因状语）5. to be（proud to do sth固定搭配） 短文2：1. to read（目的状语，表“为了读英语”）2. to finish（want sb to do sth固定搭配）3. to learn（plan to do sth固定搭配）4. to be（it's important to do sth固定句型）5. to find（only to do表意外结果，符合“下雨宅家却发现无事可做”的语境）6. to be remembered（fun enough to do被动结构，summer和remember是被动关系） 三、写作微练参考范文 1. 示例句子： My dad asks me to practice the piano for an hour every day.（宾补） To learn how to cook, I will watch online tutorials every weekend.（目的状语） The picture book is easy enough to understand for a 10-year-old.（结果状语） I hurried to the library, only to find it closed for renovation.（结果状语） 2. 回信参考范文： Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear that you'll come to China this summer! Here are some tips for your trip. First, you'd better book tickets online in advance to avoid crowds. Second, remember to pack light clothes, because it's hot in most cities. I will be free during your stay, so I can show you around the famous places in my city. To make your trip smoother, you can also download a translation app on your phone. I'm sure you'll have a great time here! Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $