Unit 5暑期讲义2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

UNIT 5 / 野生动物 · Wild Animals 📖 Reading: Protecting Pandas 主旨：本文介绍了大熊猫的生活习性、面临的威胁以及保护措施。大熊猫是中国的国宝，但由于栖息地减少和食物短缺，它们的生存面临严重挑战。文章呼吁人们采取行动保护大熊猫和其他野生动物。 结构：引入（大熊猫是国宝）→ 生活习性（饮食、繁殖）→ 面临的威胁（栖息地减少）→ 保护措施（建立保护区、法律保护）→ 呼吁行动 live onas a resulttake actionthanks toat riskin danger 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Welcome to the unit & Reading wild /waɪld/ adj. 野生的；狂野的 词族拓展： wild (adj. 野生的) → wildly (adv. 疯狂地) → wilderness (n. 荒野) → wildlife (n. 野生生物) 搭配：wild animals 野生动物 / in the wild 在野外 / wild flowers 野花 辨析：wild（野生的，自然的）vs. domestic（家养的）。in the wild 指"在自然环境中"。 Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. （许多野生动物面临灭绝的危险。） serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严重的；严肃的 词族拓展： serious (adj. 严重的) → seriously (adv. 严重地) → seriousness (n. 严重性) 搭配：a serious problem 严重的问题 / be serious about 对……认真 / take sth seriously 认真对待某事 用法讲解：serious 可修饰问题、疾病等：a serious illness（重病）。take sth seriously = treat sth as important。 Pollution is a serious problem for wild animals. （污染对野生动物来说是个严重的问题。） protect /prəˈtekt/ vt. 保护 词族拓展： protect (v. 保护) → protection (n. 保护) → protective (adj. 保护的) → protector (n. 保护者) 搭配：protect sb/sth from/against sth 保护……免受…… / under the protection of 在……的保护下 用法讲解：protect ... from/against ... 是固定搭配。from 后接可能造成伤害的事物：protect animals from hunting。 We must protect wild animals from hunting. （我们必须保护野生动物免受猎杀。） increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ vi. & vt. 增加 词族拓展： increase (v./n. 增加) → increasingly (adv. 越来越……) 搭配：increase by 增加了…… / increase to 增加到…… / on the increase 在增加 反义词：decrease / reduce 辨析：increase by（增加了……，幅度）vs. increase to（增加到……，结果）。   • The number increased by 20%.（增加了20%）   • The number increased to 200.（增加到了200） The number of giant pandas is increasing thanks to protection efforts. （由于保护努力，大熊猫的数量正在增加。） government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府 词族拓展： govern (v. 统治，管理) → government (n. 政府) → governor (n. 州长) 搭配：the government 政府 / government policy 政府政策 用法讲解：government 是可数名词，但通常加 the 表示"（某国）政府"。谓语动词可用单数或复数。 The government has built many nature reserves for pandas. （政府为大熊猫建立了许多自然保护区。） action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动 词族拓展： act (v. 行动，表演) → action (n. 行动) → active (adj. 积极的) → activity (n. 活动) → actor (n. 演员) 搭配：take action 采取行动 / in action 在行动中 / out of action 失去作用 辨析：action（行动，可数）vs. act（行为，单个动作）vs. activity（活动）。take action（采取行动）是固定短语，action 不加冠词。 We must take action to protect endangered animals. （我们必须采取行动保护濒危动物。） effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力 词族拓展： effort (n. 努力) → effortless (adj. 不费力的) → effortlessly (adv. 轻松地) 搭配：make an effort to do sth 努力做某事 / spare no effort to do 不遗余力做 / with effort 费力地 用法讲解：effort 是可数/不可数名词。make efforts = make an effort。注意 effort 前的冠词：make an effort。 Thanks to everyone's efforts, the number of pandas is increasing. （多亏大家的努力，熊猫的数量正在增加。） meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 有意义的；重要的 词族拓展： mean (v. 意思是) → meaning (n. 意思) → meaningful (adj. 有意义的) → meaningless (adj. 无意义的) 搭配：a meaningful experience 有意义的经历 / meaningful work 有意义的工作 后缀 -ful/-less：meaning → meaningful/meaningless；care → careful/careless；use → useful/useless 用法讲解：meaningful 是由名词 meaning + -ful 构成的形容词。-ful 表示"充满……的"，-less 表示"没有……的"。 Protecting wild animals is a meaningful thing to do. （保护野生动物是一件有意义的事。） reason /ˈriːzn/ n. 理由，原因 词族拓展： reason (n. 原因/v. 推理) → reasonable (adj. 合理的) → reasonably (adv. 合理地) → unreasonable (adj. 不合理的) 搭配：the reason for sth ……的原因 / for some reason 由于某种原因 / for this reason 因为这个原因 用法讲解：the reason for sth（不用 of）。reason 后接 why 引导的定语从句：the reason why he was late。 The main reason for the decline of pandas is habitat loss. （大熊猫减少的主要原因是栖息地丧失。） Grammar & Integrated Skills hunt /hʌnt/ vt. & vi. 猎杀；搜寻 词族拓展： hunt (v. 狩猎) → hunter (n. 猎人) → hunting (n. 狩猎) 搭配：hunt for sth 搜寻某物 / go hunting 去打猎 / hunt down 追捕 辨析：hunt for（搜寻=look for）vs. hunt（猎杀=kill for sport/food）。The wolves hunt for food.（狼觅食。） It is illegal to hunt wild pandas. （猎杀野生大熊猫是违法的。） accept /əkˈsept/ vt. & vi. 接受 词族拓展： accept (v. 接受) → acceptable (adj. 可接受的) → acceptance (n. 接受) 搭配：accept sth from sb 接受某人的…… / accept that... 接受……的事实 辨析：accept（接受，主观愿意）vs. receive（收到，客观收到）。 I received a gift but didn't accept it.（我收到了礼物但没接受。） We should accept our responsibility to protect animals. （我们应该接受保护动物的责任。） Word Power: cause vs. lead to（易混词辨析） 辨析：cause vs. lead to（导致 / 引起） ⚠ 易错点（中考高频）： ① lead to 后面接动名词，不能接不定式！   ✅ lead to getting fat   ❌ lead to get fat ② cause 后接 to do，lead to 后接 doing：   ✅ caused him to leave   ✅ led to his leaving / led to him leaving ③ lead 的过去式是 led，不是 leaded！ 课本例句对比： • Habitat loss caused the number of pandas to drop.（栖息地丧失导致大熊猫数量下降。）— 直接因果关系 • Pollution leads to serious health problems.（污染导致严重的健康问题。）— 过程导致结果 📝 cause vs. lead to 专项练习 1. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： Smoking can ______ lung cancer.（导致肺癌） 2. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： The heavy rain ______ the flood last year. 3. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： His laziness ______ his failure in the exam. 4. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： What ______ him to cry? 5. 改错：Eating too much sugar leads to get tooth decay. → ____________ 6. 翻译：保护大熊猫的努力已经取得了成效。 ____________________________________________ 【参考答案】 1. lead to（导致，过程→结果，接名词 lung cancer）2. caused（引起，直接因果，过去时）3. led to（导致，过程→结果，过去时，注意用 led 不是 leaded）4. caused（cause sb to do sth，使某人做某事）5. leads togettingtooth decay（lead to 后接动名词）6. Efforts to protect pandas have led to good results. / The protection efforts have caused the number of pandas to increase. ✏ 词汇巩固练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. We must take a____ to protect wild animals. 2. The g____ has built many nature reserves for pandas. 3. Pollution is a s____ problem for the environment. 4. Thanks to everyone's e____, the number of pandas is increasing. 5. Giant pandas live m____ on bamboo. 【参考答案】 1. action（take action 采取行动）2. government3. serious4. efforts5. mainly 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We should protect wild animals from ______ (hunt). 2. The number of pandas is ______ (increase) slowly. 3. Protecting animals is ______ (meaning) work. 4. She made a great ______ (effort) to learn English. 5. The ______ (govern) should make stricter laws. 【参考答案】 1. hunting（protect... from doing）2. increasing（is increasing 正在增加）3. meaningful（有意义的）4. effort（make an effort 努力做）5. government 💬 重点短语详解 live on 含义：以吃……为生，靠……生活 结构：live on + 食物/收入（名词） 辨析：live on（以……为食/靠……生活）vs. live by（靠……手段生活）vs. live through（经历……而存活）。   • Pandas live on bamboo.（熊猫以竹子为食。）   • He lives by fishing.（他靠捕鱼为生。） Giant pandas live on bamboo. （大熊猫以竹子为食。） as a result 含义：因此，结果是 辨析： ① as a result（因此，副词短语，单独使用）   • It rained heavily. As a result, the match was cancelled. ② as a result of（由于……，介词短语，后接名词）   • As a result of the heavy rain, the match was cancelled. ③ result in（导致，动词短语）   • The heavy rain resulted in the cancellation of the match. Habitats are disappearing. As a result, many animals are dying out. （栖息地在消失。因此，许多动物正在灭绝。） take action 含义：采取行动 结构：take action (to do sth) 采取行动做某事 同义：act / do something 用法：action 不加冠词。take immediate action 立即采取行动。 We must take action to save the endangered animals. （我们必须采取行动拯救濒危动物。） thanks to 含义：多亏，由于 辨析： ① thanks to（多亏，正面原因，介词短语） ② because of（因为，中性，介词短语） ③ due to（由于，正式，介词短语） ④ owing to（由于，正式，介词短语） 用法：thanks to 后接名词或动名词，表示感谢某人的帮助或某事的好结果。 Thanks to the protection programme, the number of pandas is increasing. （多亏了保护计划，大熊猫的数量正在增加。） at risk / in danger 含义：有危险 / 处于危险中 辨析： ① at risk（有风险，可能遭受危险）   • These animals are at risk. ② in danger（处于危险中，正在遭受危险）   • These animals are in danger of dying out. 用法：in danger 后可接 of + doing：in danger of becoming extinct。 Many wild animals are at risk of dying out. （许多野生动物面临灭绝的风险。） die out 含义：灭绝，消失 辨析： ① die out（灭绝，物种完全消失） ② die away（逐渐减弱、消失，声音、光线） ③ die down（平息，风、情绪） ④ die of/from（死于……，原因） 用法：die out 不及物，无被动语态。 If we don't protect them, many species will die out. （如果我们不保护它们，许多物种将会灭绝。） ✏ 短语巩固练习 一、用适当的短语完成句子 1. Pandas live ______ bamboo. 2. ______ (多亏) the new law, fewer animals are hunted. 3. We must take ______ to protect the environment. 4. Many animals are ______ danger of dying out. 5. Habitats are disappearing. As a ______, animals are dying out. 【参考答案】 1. on（live on 以……为食）2. Thanks to（多亏）3. action（take action 采取行动）4. in（in danger of 处于……的危险中）5. result（as a result 因此） 📖 语法精讲 A. Using Verbs + to-infinitives（动词 + to do） ⚠ 易错点：remember to do（记得去做，还没做）vs. remember doing（记得做过，已做）。   • Remember to lock the door.（记得去锁门。）   • I remember locking the door.（我记得锁了门。） forget to do / forget doing 同理。 The pandas started to come out of their home. （熊猫开始从窝里出来。） He decided to climb a tree. （他决定爬树。） B. Using to-infinitives to express purpose（to do 表目的） ⚠ 辨析：to do 表目的 vs. so that + 从句表目的。   • We worked hard to pass the exam.   • We worked hard so that we could pass the exam. 否定形式：in order not to（为了不……）。 We prepare food to give her a healthy diet. （我们准备食物是为了给她健康的饮食。） In order to protect pandas, the government built reserves. （为了保护熊猫，政府建立了保护区。） ✏ 语法巩固练习 一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空（to do 或 doing） 1. The panda began ______ (eat) bamboo. 2. He decided ______ (climb) the tree. 3. Remember ______ (close) the window before you leave. 4. I remember ______ (close) the window. It's closed now. 5. She failed ______ (pass) the driving test. 【参考答案】 1. to eat（begin to do 开始做）2. to climb（decide to do 决定做）3. to close（remember to do 记得去做）4. closing（remember doing 记得做过）5. to pass（fail to do 未能做） 二、用 to do / in order to / so as to 改写句子 1. We buy toys. We want to make the panda happy. → We buy toys ______ the panda happy. 2. The government built reserves. The purpose was to protect pandas. → ______ protect pandas, the government built reserves. 3. She got up early. She wanted to catch the bus. → She got up early ______ catch the bus. 【参考答案】 1. to make（to do 表目的）2. In order to（in order to 可放句首）3. to / in order to / so as to（三种均可） 🔗 核心句式 V + to do (宾语) — ……（想/决定/忘记等）做某事 The panda tried to climb over the wall. （熊猫试图爬过墙。） V + to do (目的状语) — 为了做某事 We built reserves to protect pandas. （我们建立保护区是为了保护熊猫。） Thanks to + n., S + V — 多亏了…… Thanks to the protection, pandas are increasing. （多亏了保护，熊猫数量在增加。） ..., as a result — ……，因此…… Habitats are shrinking. As a result, animals are dying out. （栖息地在缩小。因此，动物正在灭绝。） 📝 综合训练 一、单项选择 1. Giant pandas live ____ bamboo. A. in　B. on　C. by　D. with 2. ____ everyone's efforts, the number of pandas is increasing. A. Because　B. Thanks for　C. Thanks to　D. As a result 3. We must take action ____ wild animals. A. protect　B. to protect　C. protecting　D. protected 4. The panda started ____ bamboo for breakfast. A. eat　B. to eat　C. eating　D. B and C 5. Remember ____ the door when you leave. A. lock　B. to lock　C. locking　D. locked 【参考答案】 1. B（live on 以……为食）2. C（thanks to 多亏）3. B（to protect 表目的）4. D（start to do = start doing 开始做）5. B（remember to do 记得去做） 二、阅读理解 1. How much bamboo can a panda eat a day? A. 18 kg　B. 28 kg　C. 38 kg　D. 48 kg 2. Why is it harder for pandas to find food? A. They eat too much.　B. Habitats are getting smaller.　C. Climate is changing.　D. B and C. 3. How many nature reserves has China built? A. About 60.　B. More than 60.　C. About 1,000.　D. Nearly 2,000. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Pandas eat a lot.　B. Pandas face problems but are being protected.　C. China has many reserves.　D. Climate change is bad. 【参考答案】 1. C（38 kg）2. D（栖息地缩小和气候变化都影响觅食）3. B（more than 60）4. B（熊猫面临威胁但正在被保护） 🏆 中考题型专项 【任务型阅读】阅读短文，回答问题（每空一词） 1. How long can a blue whale grow up to? ______ metres. 2. What do blue whales eat? Small fish and ______. 3. Why did people hunt blue whales in the past? For their oil and ______. 4. What is the number of blue whales now? Less than ______. 5. How can everyone help? By reducing ______ waste. 【参考答案】 1. 302. krill3. meat4. 25,0005. plastic 【词语运用】用方框中所给词的适当形式填空（每词限用一次） 1. Many wild animals are in danger of ______ out. 2. Water pollution is a ______ problem in this area. 3. We should make ______ to protect the environment. 4. The number of wild pandas is ______ slowly. 5. We must ______ wild animals from hunting. 【参考答案】 1. dying（die out 灭绝，of + doing）2. serious（严重的）3. efforts（make efforts 努力做）4. increasing（is increasing 正在增加）5. protect（protect... from... 保护……免受……） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 5 / 野生动物 · Wild Animals 📖 Reading: Protecting Pandas 主旨：本文介绍了大熊猫的生活习性、面临的威胁以及保护措施。大熊猫是中国的国宝，但由于栖息地减少和食物短缺，它们的生存面临严重挑战。文章呼吁人们采取行动保护大熊猫和其他野生动物。 结构：引入（大熊猫是国宝）→ 生活习性（饮食、繁殖）→ 面临的威胁（栖息地减少）→ 保护措施（建立保护区、法律保护）→ 呼吁行动 live onas a resulttake actionthanks toat riskin danger 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Welcome to the unit & Reading wild /waɪld/ adj. 野生的；狂野的 词族拓展： wild (adj. 野生的) → wildly (adv. 疯狂地) → wilderness (n. 荒野) → wildlife (n. 野生生物) 搭配：wild animals 野生动物 / in the wild 在野外 / wild flowers 野花 辨析：wild（野生的，自然的）vs. domestic（家养的）。in the wild 指"在自然环境中"。 Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. （许多野生动物面临灭绝的危险。） serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严重的；严肃的 词族拓展： serious (adj. 严重的) → seriously (adv. 严重地) → seriousness (n. 严重性) 搭配：a serious problem 严重的问题 / be serious about 对……认真 / take sth seriously 认真对待某事 用法讲解：serious 可修饰问题、疾病等：a serious illness（重病）。take sth seriously = treat sth as important。 Pollution is a serious problem for wild animals. （污染对野生动物来说是个严重的问题。） protect /prəˈtekt/ vt. 保护 词族拓展： protect (v. 保护) → protection (n. 保护) → protective (adj. 保护的) → protector (n. 保护者) 搭配：protect sb/sth from/against sth 保护……免受…… / under the protection of 在……的保护下 用法讲解：protect ... from/against ... 是固定搭配。from 后接可能造成伤害的事物：protect animals from hunting。 We must protect wild animals from hunting. （我们必须保护野生动物免受猎杀。） increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ vi. & vt. 增加 词族拓展： increase (v./n. 增加) → increasingly (adv. 越来越……) 搭配：increase by 增加了…… / increase to 增加到…… / on the increase 在增加 反义词：decrease / reduce 辨析：increase by（增加了……，幅度）vs. increase to（增加到……，结果）。   • The number increased by 20%.（增加了20%）   • The number increased to 200.（增加到了200） The number of giant pandas is increasing thanks to protection efforts. （由于保护努力，大熊猫的数量正在增加。） government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ n. 政府 词族拓展： govern (v. 统治，管理) → government (n. 政府) → governor (n. 州长) 搭配：the government 政府 / government policy 政府政策 用法讲解：government 是可数名词，但通常加 the 表示"（某国）政府"。谓语动词可用单数或复数。 The government has built many nature reserves for pandas. （政府为大熊猫建立了许多自然保护区。） action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动 词族拓展： act (v. 行动，表演) → action (n. 行动) → active (adj. 积极的) → activity (n. 活动) → actor (n. 演员) 搭配：take action 采取行动 / in action 在行动中 / out of action 失去作用 辨析：action（行动，可数）vs. act（行为，单个动作）vs. activity（活动）。take action（采取行动）是固定短语，action 不加冠词。 We must take action to protect endangered animals. （我们必须采取行动保护濒危动物。） effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力 词族拓展： effort (n. 努力) → effortless (adj. 不费力的) → effortlessly (adv. 轻松地) 搭配：make an effort to do sth 努力做某事 / spare no effort to do 不遗余力做 / with effort 费力地 用法讲解：effort 是可数/不可数名词。make efforts = make an effort。注意 effort 前的冠词：make an effort。 Thanks to everyone's efforts, the number of pandas is increasing. （多亏大家的努力，熊猫的数量正在增加。） meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 有意义的；重要的 词族拓展： mean (v. 意思是) → meaning (n. 意思) → meaningful (adj. 有意义的) → meaningless (adj. 无意义的) 搭配：a meaningful experience 有意义的经历 / meaningful work 有意义的工作 后缀 -ful/-less：meaning → meaningful/meaningless；care → careful/careless；use → useful/useless 用法讲解：meaningful 是由名词 meaning + -ful 构成的形容词。-ful 表示"充满……的"，-less 表示"没有……的"。 Protecting wild animals is a meaningful thing to do. （保护野生动物是一件有意义的事。） reason /ˈriːzn/ n. 理由，原因 词族拓展： reason (n. 原因/v. 推理) → reasonable (adj. 合理的) → reasonably (adv. 合理地) → unreasonable (adj. 不合理的) 搭配：the reason for sth ……的原因 / for some reason 由于某种原因 / for this reason 因为这个原因 用法讲解：the reason for sth（不用 of）。reason 后接 why 引导的定语从句：the reason why he was late。 The main reason for the decline of pandas is habitat loss. （大熊猫减少的主要原因是栖息地丧失。） Grammar & Integrated Skills hunt /hʌnt/ vt. & vi. 猎杀；搜寻 词族拓展： hunt (v. 狩猎) → hunter (n. 猎人) → hunting (n. 狩猎) 搭配：hunt for sth 搜寻某物 / go hunting 去打猎 / hunt down 追捕 辨析：hunt for（搜寻=look for）vs. hunt（猎杀=kill for sport/food）。The wolves hunt for food.（狼觅食。） It is illegal to hunt wild pandas. （猎杀野生大熊猫是违法的。） accept /əkˈsept/ vt. & vi. 接受 词族拓展： accept (v. 接受) → acceptable (adj. 可接受的) → acceptance (n. 接受) 搭配：accept sth from sb 接受某人的…… / accept that... 接受……的事实 辨析：accept（接受，主观愿意）vs. receive（收到，客观收到）。 I received a gift but didn't accept it.（我收到了礼物但没接受。） We should accept our responsibility to protect animals. （我们应该接受保护动物的责任。） Word Power: cause vs. lead to（易混词辨析） 辨析：cause vs. lead to（导致 / 引起） ⚠ 易错点（中考高频）： ① lead to 后面接动名词，不能接不定式！   ✅ lead to getting fat   ❌ lead to get fat ② cause 后接 to do，lead to 后接 doing：   ✅ caused him to leave   ✅ led to his leaving / led to him leaving ③ lead 的过去式是 led，不是 leaded！ 课本例句对比： • Habitat loss caused the number of pandas to drop.（栖息地丧失导致大熊猫数量下降。）— 直接因果关系 • Pollution leads to serious health problems.（污染导致严重的健康问题。）— 过程导致结果 📝 cause vs. lead to 专项练习 1. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： Smoking can ______ lung cancer.（导致肺癌） 2. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： The heavy rain ______ the flood last year. 3. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： His laziness ______ his failure in the exam. 4. 用 cause 或 lead to 的正确形式填空： What ______ him to cry? 5. 改错：Eating too much sugar leads to get tooth decay. → ____________ 6. 翻译：保护大熊猫的努力已经取得了成效。 ____________________________________________ ✏ 词汇巩固练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. We must take a____ to protect wild animals. 2. The g____ has built many nature reserves for pandas. 3. Pollution is a s____ problem for the environment. 4. Thanks to everyone's e____, the number of pandas is increasing. 5. Giant pandas live m____ on bamboo. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. We should protect wild animals from ______ (hunt). 2. The number of pandas is ______ (increase) slowly. 3. Protecting animals is ______ (meaning) work. 4. She made a great ______ (effort) to learn English. 5. The ______ (govern) should make stricter laws. 💬 重点短语详解 live on 含义：以吃……为生，靠……生活 结构：live on + 食物/收入（名词） 辨析：live on（以……为食/靠……生活）vs. live by（靠……手段生活）vs. live through（经历……而存活）。   • Pandas live on bamboo.（熊猫以竹子为食。）   • He lives by fishing.（他靠捕鱼为生。） Giant pandas live on bamboo. （大熊猫以竹子为食。） as a result 含义：因此，结果是 辨析： ① as a result（因此，副词短语，单独使用）   • It rained heavily. As a result, the match was cancelled. ② as a result of（由于……，介词短语，后接名词）   • As a result of the heavy rain, the match was cancelled. ③ result in（导致，动词短语）   • The heavy rain resulted in the cancellation of the match. Habitats are disappearing. As a result, many animals are dying out. （栖息地在消失。因此，许多动物正在灭绝。） take action 含义：采取行动 结构：take action (to do sth) 采取行动做某事 同义：act / do something 用法：action 不加冠词。take immediate action 立即采取行动。 We must take action to save the endangered animals. （我们必须采取行动拯救濒危动物。） thanks to 含义：多亏，由于 辨析： ① thanks to（多亏，正面原因，介词短语） ② because of（因为，中性，介词短语） ③ due to（由于，正式，介词短语） ④ owing to（由于，正式，介词短语） 用法：thanks to 后接名词或动名词，表示感谢某人的帮助或某事的好结果。 Thanks to the protection programme, the number of pandas is increasing. （多亏了保护计划，大熊猫的数量正在增加。） at risk / in danger 含义：有危险 / 处于危险中 辨析： ① at risk（有风险，可能遭受危险）   • These animals are at risk. ② in danger（处于危险中，正在遭受危险）   • These animals are in danger of dying out. 用法：in danger 后可接 of + doing：in danger of becoming extinct。 Many wild animals are at risk of dying out. （许多野生动物面临灭绝的风险。） die out 含义：灭绝，消失 辨析： ① die out（灭绝，物种完全消失） ② die away（逐渐减弱、消失，声音、光线） ③ die down（平息，风、情绪） ④ die of/from（死于……，原因） 用法：die out 不及物，无被动语态。 If we don't protect them, many species will die out. （如果我们不保护它们，许多物种将会灭绝。） ✏ 短语巩固练习 一、用适当的短语完成句子 1. Pandas live ______ bamboo. 2. ______ (多亏) the new law, fewer animals are hunted. 3. We must take ______ to protect the environment. 4. Many animals are ______ danger of dying out. 5. Habitats are disappearing. As a ______, animals are dying out. 📖 语法精讲 A. Using Verbs + to-infinitives（动词 + to do） ⚠ 易错点：remember to do（记得去做，还没做）vs. remember doing（记得做过，已做）。   • Remember to lock the door.（记得去锁门。）   • I remember locking the door.（我记得锁了门。） forget to do / forget doing 同理。 The pandas started to come out of their home. （熊猫开始从窝里出来。） He decided to climb a tree. （他决定爬树。） B. Using to-infinitives to express purpose（to do 表目的） ⚠ 辨析：to do 表目的 vs. so that + 从句表目的。   • We worked hard to pass the exam.   • We worked hard so that we could pass the exam. 否定形式：in order not to（为了不……）。 We prepare food to give her a healthy diet. （我们准备食物是为了给她健康的饮食。） In order to protect pandas, the government built reserves. （为了保护熊猫，政府建立了保护区。） ✏ 语法巩固练习 一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空（to do 或 doing） 1. The panda began ______ (eat) bamboo. 2. He decided ______ (climb) the tree. 3. Remember ______ (close) the window before you leave. 4. I remember ______ (close) the window. It's closed now. 5. She failed ______ (pass) the driving test. 二、用 to do / in order to / so as to 改写句子 1. We buy toys. We want to make the panda happy. → We buy toys ______ the panda happy. 2. The government built reserves. The purpose was to protect pandas. → ______ protect pandas, the government built reserves. 3. She got up early. She wanted to catch the bus. → She got up early ______ catch the bus. 🔗 核心句式 V + to do (宾语) — ……（想/决定/忘记等）做某事 The panda tried to climb over the wall. （熊猫试图爬过墙。） V + to do (目的状语) — 为了做某事 We built reserves to protect pandas. （我们建立保护区是为了保护熊猫。） Thanks to + n., S + V — 多亏了…… Thanks to the protection, pandas are increasing. （多亏了保护，熊猫数量在增加。） ..., as a result — ……，因此…… Habitats are shrinking. As a result, animals are dying out. （栖息地在缩小。因此，动物正在灭绝。） 📝 综合训练 一、单项选择 1. Giant pandas live ____ bamboo. A. in　B. on　C. by　D. with 2. ____ everyone's efforts, the number of pandas is increasing. A. Because　B. Thanks for　C. Thanks to　D. As a result 3. We must take action ____ wild animals. A. protect　B. to protect　C. protecting　D. protected 4. The panda started ____ bamboo for breakfast. A. eat　B. to eat　C. eating　D. B and C 5. Remember ____ the door when you leave. A. lock　B. to lock　C. locking　D. locked 二、阅读理解 1. How much bamboo can a panda eat a day? A. 18 kg　B. 28 kg　C. 38 kg　D. 48 kg 2. Why is it harder for pandas to find food? A. They eat too much.　B. Habitats are getting smaller.　C. Climate is changing.　D. B and C. 3. How many nature reserves has China built? A. About 60.　B. More than 60.　C. About 1,000.　D. Nearly 2,000. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Pandas eat a lot.　B. Pandas face problems but are being protected.　C. China has many reserves.　D. Climate change is bad. 🏆 中考题型专项 【任务型阅读】阅读短文，回答问题（每空一词） 1. How long can a blue whale grow up to? ______ metres. 2. What do blue whales eat? Small fish and ______. 3. Why did people hunt blue whales in the past? For their oil and ______. 4. What is the number of blue whales now? Less than ______. 5. How can everyone help? By reducing ______ waste. 【词语运用】用方框中所给词的适当形式填空（每词限用一次） 1. Many wild animals are in danger of ______ out. 2. Water pollution is a ______ problem in this area. 3. We should make ______ to protect the environment. 4. The number of wild pandas is ______ slowly. 5. We must ______ wild animals from hunting. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $