Unit 3单元语法讲义（讲练结合）2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册

Unit 3·Where问句·there be结构·方位介词 人教版七年级上册  ·  语法精讲 · 随堂练 · 综合检测 学习目标 · 目标一：理解并正确运用问询方位的问句“Where is / are ...?”及其答语。 · 目标二：理解 there be 结构的构成特点，以及 there be 结构在不同语境中所表达的意义，包含其肯定式、否定式、疑问式及其答语。 · 目标三：运用 there be 结构和表示方位的介词描述某场所内的物品位置。 一 方位介词（Prepositions of Position） 1. 常用方位介词 方位介词用来表示 物体之间的位置关系。以下是本单元最常用的方位介词： 介词 含义 示例 in 在……里面 in the classroom on 在……上面（表面接触） on the wall / on the desk under 在……下面 under the chair behind 在……后面 behind the building in front of 在……前面 in front of the library next to 在……旁边 next to the window between 在……之间 between the library and the gym across from 在……对面 across from the school hall 破解点：区分 in front of 和 in the front of： · in front of → 在物体外部的前面（A在B的前面，A和B是分开的） · in the front of → 在物体内部的前面（A在B内部靠前的位置） ✅ There is a tree in front of the classroom.（树在教室外面） ✅ The teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom.（讲台在教室内部靠前） 2. 教材 3a 方位介词精讲 圈出方位介词： · It is behind the classroom building. → behind · They are next to the window. → next to · There is a teacher's building across from the school hall. → across from · There is a student centre between the library and the gym. → between · There are some trees in front of the sports field. → in front of 破解点：方位介词通常放在名词短语前面，构成 介词短语，表示位置。 练习一 · 用合适的方位介词填空 1. The library is _______________ the classroom building.（在后面） 2. The bookcases are _______________ the window.（在……旁边） 3. There is a garden _______________ the school hall.（在……对面） 4. The post office is _______________ the bank and the hotel.（在……之间） 5. There are some flowers _______________ the building.（在……前面） 6. The cat is _______________ the chair.（在……下面） 7. The map is _______________ the wall.（在……上面） 二 Where 问句 1. Where 问句的构成 Where 用来询问 位置，意为“在哪里”。 句型 结构 例句 单数 Where is + 单数名词/代词? Where is the library? — It's behind the classroom building. 复数 Where are + 复数名词/代词? Where are the bookcases? — They are next to the window. 破解点： · 问单数用 Where is，答语用 It's ... · 问复数用 Where are，答语用 They're ... · 注意 缩写：Where is → Where's；It is → It's；They are → They're 2. 教材 3a Where 问句精讲 · Where is the library? → 单数，问地点 → It is behind the classroom building. · Where are the bookcases? → 复数，问地点 → They are next to the window. 破解点：Where问句的答语中，be动词要和 主语 保持一致！ 练习二 · 用 Where 问句完成对话 1. A: _______________ the gym?    B: It's behind the library. 2. A: _______________ the students?    B: They are in the classroom. 3. A: _______________ my pen?    B: It's on the desk. 4. A: _______________ the pictures?    B: They are on the wall. 5. A: _______________ the teacher's desk?    B: It's in front of the blackboard. 三 there be 结构 1. there be 结构的基本概念 there be 结构表示 “某处有某物”，用来表达 存在。 2. there be 的三种形式 形式 用法 例句 There is 后接 单数名词 或 不可数名词 There is a whiteboard in our classroom. There are 后接 复数名词 There are some lockers in the hall. There is 后接 并列主语（就近原则） There is a pen and two books on the desk. 破解点：“就近原则”——there be 结构中的 be 动词由 离它最近的名词 决定！ · ✅ There is a pen and two books.（a pen 是单数 → is） · ✅ There are two books and a pen.（two books 是复数 → are） 3. there be 的肯定式、否定式与疑问式 句式 结构 例句 肯定式 There is / are + 名词 + 方位短语. There is a library behind the building. 否定式 There is / are + not + 名词 + 方位短语. There isn't a gym in this school. 疑问式 Is / Are there + 名词 + 方位短语? Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? 疑问答语 Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn't/aren't. Yes, there is. / No, there aren't. 4. 教材 3a there be 精讲 在there be结构下画线： · There is a teacher's building across from the school hall. → 单数名词，用 is · There is a student centre between the library and the gym. → 单数名词，用 is · There are some trees in front of the sports field. → 复数名词，用 are · Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? → 疑问句，单数，用 Is · Are there any lockers? → 疑问句，复数，用 Are 破解点：there be 结构中，be 动词的数由 后面的名词 决定！ 练习三 · 用 There is / There are 填空 1. _______________ a whiteboard in our classroom. 2. _______________ some bookcases behind the door. 3. _______________ a garden and two playgrounds in our school. 4. _______________ any lockers in the hallway?（疑问句） 5. _______________ not a gym in this school.（否定句） 6. _______________ any students in the classroom now?（疑问句） 7. _______________ a teacher's desk and 30 desks in the room. 练习四 · there be 句型转换 1. There is a library behind the building.（改为一般疑问句）     _____________________________________________ 2. There are some lockers in the hall.（改为否定句）     _____________________________________________ 3. Is there a gym in your school?（作肯定回答和否定回答） 肯定回答：    _____________   否定回答：   _____________  4. Are there any flowers in the garden?（作肯定回答和否定回答） 肯定回答：  _____________     否定回答： _____________    四 教材 3b 精讲 完成句子： · A: Where are the lockers? B: They're next to the reading corner. → lockers 是复数，问句用 are，答语用 They're · There is a nice library behind the classroom building. → library 是单数，用 is · A: Is there a gym in this school? B: Yes, there is across from the dining hall. → gym 是单数，疑问用 Is，肯定回答用 is · A: Are there any flowers in front of the classroom building? B: No, there aren't. But there are some trees. → flowers 是复数，疑问用 Are，否定用 aren't，肯定用 are · A: Where is the school hall? B: It's between the classroom building and the science building. → hall 是单数，问句用 is，答语用 It's · There are some pictures of famous people on the wall. → pictures 是复数，用 are 破解点：做 there be / Where 填空时，先看 后面的名词 是单数还是复数，再决定用 is 还是 are！ 练习五 · 用 is / are / isn't / aren't 填空 1. A: Where _______________ the library?    B: It _______________ behind the classroom building. 2. There _______________ a garden in our school. 3. A: _______________ there a swimming pool here?    B: No, there _______________. But there _______________ a sports field. 4. A: Where _______________ the students?    B: They _______________ in the classroom. 5. There _______________ some books on the shelf. 五 教材 3c 精讲 方位介词辨析 · 圈出正确的介词 原文： This is a classroom in the UK. There are many things in the room. There's a screen in front of / on the wall. A whiteboard is next to / under the screen. There are some bookcases across from / behind the whiteboard. The teacher's desk is in the corner, under / in front of a window. Students sit between / on chairs at long tables, but today there aren't any students. 破解点： · on the wall → 屏幕挂在墙上（表面接触），不是 in front of（在前面） · next to the screen → 白板在屏幕旁边，不是 under（下面） · across from → 书柜在白板对面，不是 behind（后面） · under a window → 讲台在窗户下面，不是 in front of（前面） · on chairs → 学生坐在椅子上，不是 between（在……之间） 练习六 · 选择正确的方位介词 1. The map is _______________ (on / in) the wall. 2. The post office is _______________ (next to / under) the bank. 3. The teacher's desk is _______________ (in front of / between) the blackboard. 4. There is a garden _______________ (behind / across from) the library. 5. The cat is sleeping _______________ (under / on) the chair. 6. The bookcase is _______________ (between / next to) the window and the door. 六 易错点与重难点 易错点一：Where问句和there be结构混淆。 ✅ Where is the library?（问位置） ✅ There is a library behind the building.（表存在） 易错点二：there be 结构中，be动词的数由后面的名词决定。 ✅ There is a pen and two books. ✅ There are two books and a pen. 易错点三：方位介词混淆。 in front of（在外部前面）vs in the front of（在内部前面） next to（在旁边）vs between（在两者之间） across from（在对面）vs behind（在后面） 易错点四：there be 的否定句中，some 要变成 any。 ✅ There are some books. → There aren't any books. 易错点五：there be 的疑问句中，some 要变成 any。 ✅ Are there any books?（不是 some） 练习七 · 改错题 1. There are a book on the desk. →     _____________________________________________ 2. Where is the students? →     _____________________________________________ 3. There is some flowers in the garden. →     _____________________________________________ 4. Are there some pictures on the wall? →     _____________________________________________ 5. The cat is in front of the box.（猫在盒子内部靠前）→     _____________________________________________ 七 语法图表总结（必背） Where问句与答语 问句 答语 Where is + 单数名词/代词? It is + 方位短语. Where are + 复数名词/代词? They are + 方位短语. there be 结构总表 句式 单数 复数 肯定句 There is + 单数名词... There are + 复数名词... 否定句 There isn't + 单数名词... There aren't + 复数名词... 一般疑问句 Is there + 单数名词...? Are there + 复数名词...? 肯定回答 Yes, there is. Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there isn't. No, there aren't. 常用方位介词速记 介词 含义 例句 on 在……上面 on the wall in 在……里面 in the classroom under 在……下面 under the chair behind 在……后面 behind the door in front of 在……前面 in front of the library next to 在……旁边 next to the window between 在……之间 between A and B across from 在……对面 across from the hall 八 综合检测（全题型） 一、单项选择题 1. _______________ there a library in your school? A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does 2. Where _______________ the bookcases? A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. There _______________ a whiteboard and some desks in the classroom. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. There aren't _______________ flowers in the garden. A. some B. any C. much D. a 5. The library is _______________ the gym and the dining hall. A. next to B. across from C. behind D. between 6. — Is there a garden in your school? — _______________ A. Yes, there are. B. No, there isn't. C. Yes, it is. D. No, it isn't. 7. The picture is _______________ the wall. A. in B. on C. under D. behind 8. _______________ there any students in the classroom? A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does 9. The teacher's desk is _______________ the blackboard.（在教室内部靠前） A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. next to 10. There _______________ some water in the bottle. A. is B. are C. am D. be 二、用 is / are 填空 1. Where _______________ the gym? 2. There _______________ a library behind the building. 3. _______________ there any lockers in the hallway? 4. There _______________ some pictures on the wall. 5. Where _______________ the students? 6. There _______________ a teacher's desk and 30 desks in the room. 7. _______________ there a garden in your school? 8. There _______________ not any flowers in front of the building. 9. Where _______________ my books? 10. There _______________ some water in the cup. 三、用方位介词填空 1. The library is _______________ the classroom building.（在后面） 2. The bookcases are _______________ the window.（在……旁边） 3. There is a garden _______________ the school hall.（在……对面） 4. The post office is _______________ the bank and the hotel.（在……之间） 5. The map is _______________ the wall.（在……上面） 6. The cat is _______________ the chair.（在……下面） 7. There are some trees _______________ the building.（在……前面） 四、句型转换 1. There is a library behind the building.（改为一般疑问句）     _____________________________________________ 2. There are some lockers in the hall.（改为否定句）      _____________________________________________ 3. The bookcases are next to the window.（对划线部分提问）      _____________________________________________ 4. Is there a gym in your school?（作肯定回答和否定回答） 肯定回答：   _____________    否定回答：    _____________ 5. There are some flowers in the garden.（改为一般疑问句）      _____________________________________________ 五、短文填空 This is my classroom. It is big and clean.    ______  (There is / There are) a whiteboard on the wall.     ______ (There is / There are) some desks and chairs in the room. The teacher's desk is     ______ (in front of / under) the blackboard.     ______ (There is / There are) a map of China on the wall.     ______ (Are there / Is there) any pictures? No, there     ______ (isn't / aren't). But there     ______ (is / are) some flowers     ______ (next to / between) the window. I love my classroom. 六、改错题 1. There are a book on the desk. →  _______________________________________ 2. Where is the students? → ____________________________________________ 3. There is some flowers in the garden. → ____________________________________________ 4. Are there some pictures on the wall? → ___________________________________________ 5. The library is across from the gym and the dining hall.（在两者之间）→ ____________________________________________ 6. There aren't some books on the shelf. → ____________________________________________ 七、选词填空 从方框中选择正确的词填空。 is / are / isn't / aren't / behind / next to / between / across from This is our school. There    ______  a big library    ______  the classroom building and the gym. The gym is   ______   the dining hall. There    ______  some lockers   ______   the library. There    ______  any swimming pool in our school, but there   ______   a sports field  ______    the library. 九 课后自我检测清单 · 我能正确使用 Where is / are 询问位置。 · 我能正确使用 there is / are 表达存在。 · 我能正确使用方位介词（in / on / under / behind / in front of / next to / between / across from）。 · 我能区分 some 和 any 在 there be 中的用法。 · 我能区分 in front of 和 in the front of。 · 我能用 there be 结构描述教室或学校内的物品位置。 参考答案 练习一： 1. behind　2. next to　3. across from　4. between　5. in front of　6. under　7. on 练习二： 1. Where is　2. Where are　3. Where is　4. Where are　5. Where is 练习三： 1. There is　2. There are　3. There is　4. Are there　5. There is　6. Are there　7. There is 练习四： 1. Is there a library behind the building?　2. There aren't any lockers in the hall. / There are no lockers in the hall.　3. 肯定回答：Yes, there is.　否定回答：No, there isn't.　4. 肯定回答：Yes, there are.　否定回答：No, there aren't. 练习五： 1. is / is　2. is　3. Is / isn't / is　4. are / are　5. are 练习六： 1. on　2. next to　3. in front of　4. across from　5. under　6. between 练习七： 1. There is a book on the desk.　2. Where are the students?　3. There are some flowers in the garden.　4. Are there any pictures on the wall?　5. The cat is in the front of the box. 综合检测 · 一： 1. A　2. B　3. A　4. B　5. D　6. B　7. B　8. B　9. B（讲台在教室内部靠前）　10. A（water不可数，用is） 综合检测 · 二： 1. is　2. is　3. Are　4. are　5. are　6. is　7. Is　8. are　9. are　10. is 综合检测 · 三： 1. behind　2. next to　3. across from　4. between　5. on　6. under　7. in front of 综合检测 · 四： 1. Is there a library behind the building?　2. There aren't any lockers in the hall. / There are no lockers in the hall.　3. Where are the bookcases?　4. 肯定回答：Yes, there is.　否定回答：No, there isn't.　5. Are there any flowers in the garden? 综合检测 · 五： ① There is　② There are　③ in front of　④ There is　⑤ Are there　⑥ aren't　⑦ are　⑧ next to 综合检测 · 六： 1. There is a book on the desk.　2. Where are the students?　3. There are some flowers in the garden.　4. Are there any pictures on the wall?　5. The library is between the gym and the dining hall.　6. There aren't any books on the shelf. 综合检测 · 七： ① is　② between　③ across from　④ are　⑤ next to　⑥ isn't　⑦ is　⑧ behind 人教版七上 Unit 3 · 语法讲义 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $