Unit 8 Big Data（A卷·基础巩固）《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Big Data A卷·基础巩固 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 一、情景交际（共15小题；1—10题每小题1分，11—15题每小题2分，满分20分） 第一节 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —I want to join the Big Data Technology Application course, but I am afraid it is difficult. —_______. You can start with basic terms like volume, velocity and variety. A. Never mind. B. Take it easy. C. That is impossible. D. You must stop now. 2. —What does “big data” usually refer to? —_______. A. Only a few numbers in a notebook. B. A single message from one friend. C. Paper forms kept in a drawer. D. A very large amount of digital information. 3. —Online stores keep showing me ads for sports shoes. Why? —_______. They may analyse your search and buying traces. A. That is because of your online data. B. That is because shoes are always free. C. That is because websites never collect information. D. That is because you cannot use a phone. 4. —How can big data help teachers in online learning? —_______. A. It can stop every student from asking questions. B. It can make all students learn in the same way. C. It can help teachers notice learning behaviours and give guidance. D. It can replace teachers completely. 5. —I have to enter my phone number on a shopping website. —_______. Check whether the website is safe first. A. Do it as quickly as possible. B. Be careful with your privacy. C. Share it with every store. D. Forget data security. 6. —What are the three Vs of big data? —_______. A. Value, video and visitor. B. Voice, view and vehicle. C. Village, volunteer and vacation. D. Volume, velocity and variety. 7. —Can big data support smart transportation? —_______. It can help analyse traffic flow and reduce jams. A. Yes, it can. B. No, it cannot. C. Sorry, I do not buy tickets. D. It is only for cooking. 8. —I receive too many personal ads after browsing products. —_______. You can change privacy settings and clear unnecessary cookies. A. That means privacy never matters. B. You should open every unknown link. C. You may manage your data traces. D. You must post your password online. 9. —What does “personalised service” mean? —_______. A. A service sent to everyone in exactly the same way. B. A service that refuses to use any information. C. A service only used by computers. D. A service designed according to a person’s needs. 10. —Big data makes life convenient, but I worry about data security. —_______. We should enjoy technology while protecting personal information. A. I agree with you. B. You should never use technology. C. Privacy is not important. D. Convenience means no rules. 第二节 读下面一段对话，从方框中所给的 A、B、C、D、E、F 和 G 七个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） Liu Yang: Our group will make a poster about big data in daily life. Where should we begin? Chen Mei: _______ 11 _______ Without a clear meaning, the examples may look confusing. Liu Yang: Good idea. Then we can talk about online shopping. Chen Mei: _______ 12 _______ Stores often give suggestions after analysing browsing records. Liu Yang: What other fields can we include? Chen Mei: Transportation and healthcare. _______ 13 _______ Liu Yang: Should we mention risks too? Chen Mei: Of course. _______ 14 _______ Liu Yang: Let us end with a balanced sentence. Chen Mei: _______ 15 _______ A. We should also remind people to protect privacy and data security. B. Big data means one small piece of paper information. C. That is a typical example because buying habits can be discovered from data. D. There is no need to discuss any problem. E. First, we should explain what big data is. F. Big data can serve people better when it is used wisely and safely. G. Traffic data can support smart transport, and health data can improve services. 二、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A The City Skills Center will hold four short workshops called “Big Data Around Us”. They are designed for vocational students who want to understand how data is collected, analysed and used in real situations. Students should choose one workshop according to their interests. Registration closes on May 8. A student card is needed, and each student can register for only one workshop. Workshop Time and Place Fee and Limit Main Activities Smart Shopping Lab May 12 9:00-11:30 Room 306 20 yuan 24 students Study browsing traces Compare product suggestions Discuss buying preferences Traffic Data Day May 13 14:00-16:30 Transport Hall Free 30 students Read a traffic-flow chart Find rush-hour patterns Design a smart bus plan Health Data Corner May 14 9:00-11:00 School Clinic 15 yuan 20 students Record daily steps Analyse sleep data Give personalised health tips Privacy and Security Talk May 15 18:30-20:00 Lecture Room 10 yuan 40 students Check app permissions Learn safe passwords Protect personal information 16. If Wang Tao wants to learn how online stores suggest products, which workshop should he choose? A. Traffic Data Day. B. Health Data Corner. C. Smart Shopping Lab. D. Privacy and Security Talk. 17. How much should a student pay for the workshop held in the Transport Hall? A. 10 yuan. B. Nothing. C. 15 yuan. D. 20 yuan. 18. Which workshop has the smallest student limit? A. Smart Shopping Lab. B. Traffic Data Day. C. Privacy and Security Talk. D. Health Data Corner. 19. What can students do in Privacy and Security Talk? A. Check app permissions and learn safe passwords. B. Record daily steps and analyse sleep data. C. Compare product suggestions. D. Design a smart bus plan. 20. Which statement is TRUE according to the notice? A. Students may register after May 8. B. Every student can join all four workshops. C. A student card is needed for registration. D. The health workshop is held in Room 306. B When Sun Wei chose a course named Big Data Technology Application, he thought it would only be about computers. On the first day, however, the teacher asked students to list the data they created before breakfast. The answers surprised the class: alarm records on phones, step numbers on smart watches, bus-card information, online searches and payment records. The teacher said, “Big data is not far away. It is formed when many small pieces of digital information are collected at high speed and in different forms.” During the course, students learned three basic words: volume, velocity and variety. Volume means there is a huge amount of data. Velocity means data is produced and processed quickly. Variety means data may be words, pictures, locations, sounds or numbers. To make the words easier to understand, the teacher gave a campus example. If the dining hall records what dishes students buy every day, the school may know which dishes are popular, when the line is longest and how much food should be prepared. Sun Wei also learned that data should be used with care. Helpful analysis can improve services, but careless sharing may bring trouble. The class discussed why websites should ask for permission before collecting personal information and why students should not post private screenshots online. At the end of the course, Sun Wei wrote in his notebook, “Big data is useful not because it is big, but because people use it to solve real problems responsibly.” 21. What surprised Sun Wei’s class on the first day? A. The course had no teacher. B. Computers were not allowed in class. C. Students had to cook breakfast. D. They created many kinds of data before breakfast. 22. What does “velocity” mean in big data? A. The speed of producing and processing data. B. The price of buying data. C. The colour of digital pictures. D. The place where data is stored. 23. Why does the teacher mention the dining hall example? A. To ask students to eat less food. B. To prove popular dishes are always unhealthy. C. To help students understand how data analysis serves real needs. D. To show that all data must be deleted every day. 24. What risk is mentioned in the passage? A. Big data makes all services slower. B. Careless sharing of personal information may cause trouble. C. Students can never use smart watches. D. Dining halls cannot record any information. 25. What is Sun Wei’s final opinion about big data? A. It is useful only when it is stored on paper. B. It should be avoided because it is too large. C. It has nothing to do with daily life. D. It should be used responsibly to solve real problems. C At the school innovation festival, four students from Class 2 prepared a small project called “A Smarter Lunch Line”. Their problem was simple: students often waited too long at the dining hall, while some dishes were left unsold after lunch. Instead of complaining, the group decided to collect useful information for one week. They recorded arrival times, popular dishes and the number of students in each line. They did not record names or phone numbers because their teacher reminded them to respect privacy. At first, the data looked like a mess. There were many numbers, and different group members wrote them in different ways. Team leader Meng Rui suggested making a shared form. They used the same labels, such as “time period”, “dish type” and “waiting minutes”. After that, patterns became clearer. The longest line usually appeared between 12:05 and 12:15. Rice sets sold out quickly on rainy days, while cold noodles were more popular on hot days. The group gave three suggestions to the dining hall: open one more window during the busiest ten minutes, prepare more hot dishes on rainy days, and show the menu earlier on the school app. Two weeks later, waiting time became shorter. Meng Rui said the project taught him that data was not magic. It became useful only when people asked a clear question, collected information properly and turned analysis into action. 26. What problem did the students try to solve? A. Students forgot to bring lunch boxes. B. The lunch line was long and some dishes were left unsold. C. The dining hall had no menu. D. Teachers asked students to stop eating lunch. 27. Why did the group avoid recording names or phone numbers? A. Because the data would become too small. B. Because names were difficult to spell. C. Because the app did not work. D. Because they wanted to respect privacy. 28. What helped the group find patterns more clearly? A. Using a shared form with the same labels. B. Deleting all numbers collected before. C. Collecting private information from students. D. Changing the project topic every day. 29. Which suggestion was given to the dining hall? A. Stop selling rice sets. B. Close all windows at noon. C. Open one more window during the busiest ten minutes. D. Ask students to wait outside the school. 30. What lesson did Meng Rui learn? A. Data is useful as soon as it is written down. B. Data becomes useful when clear questions and actions are connected. C. Data should never be used in school life. D. Data analysis means guessing without records. D Big data is often described as a new resource, but it is different from coal or water. It does not become useful simply because it is stored in large amounts. Its value appears when people analyse it to find patterns and make better decisions. For example, traffic data can show where jams often happen, health data can remind people to improve habits, and learning data can help teachers notice students who need support. The first advantage of big data is personalisation. Instead of giving the same service to everyone, a system may offer suggestions according to a user’s needs. A shopping website recommends products, a learning platform gives exercises at the right level, and a health app may suggest a daily plan. Such services save time and make choices easier. However, personalisation depends on collected information, so users should know what is collected and how it is used. Another key issue is data security. If personal information is collected without clear rules, people may lose control over their privacy. Safe use of big data requires both technology and responsibility. Companies should protect databases, ask for permission and avoid collecting unnecessary details. Users should also create strong passwords, read app permissions and think twice before sharing screenshots. In short, big data is neither a perfect answer nor a dangerous monster. It is a tool. When it is used wisely, it can support smart cities, better education and healthier lives. When it is used carelessly, it may create new problems. The future of big data depends on whether people can balance convenience with respect for privacy. 31. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Big data gains value through analysis and decisions. B. Big data is exactly the same as coal. C. All stored information is useful at once. D. Traffic data has no practical meaning. 32. Which example shows personalisation? A. A website gives the same product list to everyone. B. A classroom refuses to use online exercises. C. A learning platform gives exercises at the right level. D. A user deletes every useful record. 33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Time. B. Collected information. C. A daily plan. D. A shopping product. 34. Which of the following is suggested for users? A. Collect unnecessary details. B. Share private screenshots freely. C. Use weak passwords for convenience. D. Read app permissions before sharing information. 35. What is the writer’s attitude towards big data? A. Balanced. B. Completely negative. C. Unclear. D. Careless. 三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our school started a “Data in Life” week. Each group had to choose one problem and use data to study it. My group focused on classroom lights. Sometimes lights were left on after class, which wasted electricity and showed that we were weak _______ 36 _______ energy saving. We first made a simple form. Every day, one member checked the classroom at three different times and wrote down whether the lights were on. We also recorded the weather, because dark days might _______ 37 _______ more lighting. After five days, we found that lights were often left on after PE lessons. The reason was not laziness. Students hurried to the playground and forgot _______ 38 _______ them off. Then we discussed how to solve the problem. A poster alone was not _______ 39 _______ enough, so we put a small reminder near the door and asked the last student to check the switch. The result became _______ 40 _______ than before. In the second week, the number of forgotten lights dropped greatly. This small project changed my idea about data. I used to think data was only for engineers. Now I know it can help us make daily life _______ 41 _______. If we collect information _______ 42 _______ and analyse it carefully, we can find real reasons behind problems. At the same time, we should not collect private information _______ 43 _______ it is necessary. Data is powerful, _______ 44 _______ responsibility is also important. Used wisely, it can lead us _______ 45 _______ better habits. 36. A. at B. in C. for D. with 37. A. lose B. need C. hide D. save 38. A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. turned 39. A. clear B. clearly C. clearness D. unclear 40. A. better B. best C. good D. well 41. A. convenient B. conveniently C. convenience D. inconvenient 42. A. careless B. properly C. proper D. improper 43. A. until B. unless C. although D. because 44. A. but B. so C. or D. because 45. A. develop B. developing C. developed D. to develop 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在对应处。 Big data is changing many parts of daily life. When people shop online, stores may record what they search for and what they buy. These records help stores give _______ 46 _______ (suggestion), but users should also protect their privacy. Before using an app, it is wise _______ 47 _______ (check) what information it collects. In transportation, traffic data can be _______ 48 _______ (analyse) to reduce jams. In education, teachers can learn about students’ online learning behaviours and offer _______ 49 _______ (personalise) guidance. In healthcare, doctors may monitor symptoms from a distance _______ 50 _______ provide better treatment. These examples show that big data _______ 51 _______ (make) services more convenient. However, convenience does not mean we can forget safety. If people share personal information _______ 52 _______ (careless), they may face risks. Companies should collect only necessary data and keep _______ 53 _______ safe. Users need strong passwords and should avoid unknown links. Big data will be more helpful _______ 54 _______ people use it responsibly. In the future, smart cities _______ 55 _______ (become) more common, but privacy must still be respected. 46._________ 47._________ 48._________ 49._________ 50._________ 51._________ 52._________ 53._________ 54._________ 55._________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 你校英语社团正在征集题为“How to Use Big Data Wisely”的短文。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文短文投稿。 内容包括： (1) 说明大数据给生活带来的便利； (2) 举例介绍大数据在网购、交通、教育或健康中的作用； (3) 提醒同学保护隐私和数据安全； (4) 呼吁大家理性、负责任地使用大数据。 写作要求： (1) 词数不少于80； (2) 必须包括要点，可以适当扩充，但不能逐词翻译； (3) 文中不要提及真实校名和姓名。 提示：big data, convenient, online shopping, smart transportation, personalised service, privacy, data security, responsibly ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 Big Data A卷·基础巩固 考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 一、情景交际（共15小题；1—10题每小题1分，11—15题每小题2分，满分20分） 第一节 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —I want to join the Big Data Technology Application course, but I am afraid it is difficult. —_______. You can start with basic terms like volume, velocity and variety. A. Never mind. B. Take it easy. C. That is impossible. D. You must stop now. 【答案】B 【详解】上文表达担心课程难，下文建议从基础术语开始，Take it easy 用于安慰对方，符合语境。 2. —What does “big data” usually refer to? —_______. A. Only a few numbers in a notebook. B. A single message from one friend. C. Paper forms kept in a drawer. D. A very large amount of digital information. 【答案】D 【详解】big data 指大量数字信息，D项准确；其余选项都把范围缩小为少量或单一信息。 3. —Online stores keep showing me ads for sports shoes. Why? —_______. They may analyse your search and buying traces. A. That is because of your online data. B. That is because shoes are always free. C. That is because websites never collect information. D. That is because you cannot use a phone. 【答案】A 【详解】后句提到分析搜索和购买痕迹，说明广告与线上数据有关，A项承接自然。 4. —How can big data help teachers in online learning? —_______. A. It can stop every student from asking questions. B. It can make all students learn in the same way. C. It can help teachers notice learning behaviours and give guidance. D. It can replace teachers completely. 【答案】C 【详解】题干问教育用途，C项“观察学习行为并提供指导”符合；其他选项过于绝对。 5. —I have to enter my phone number on a shopping website. —_______. Check whether the website is safe first. A. Do it as quickly as possible. B. Be careful with your privacy. C. Share it with every store. D. Forget data security. 【答案】B 【详解】后句提醒确认网站安全，说明应注意隐私，B项正确。 6. —What are the three Vs of big data? —_______. A. Value, video and visitor. B. Voice, view and vehicle. C. Village, volunteer and vacation. D. Volume, velocity and variety. 【答案】D 【详解】三大特征为 volume、velocity、variety，D项准确。 7. —Can big data support smart transportation? —_______. It can help analyse traffic flow and reduce jams. A. Yes, it can. B. No, it cannot. C. Sorry, I do not buy tickets. D. It is only for cooking. 【答案】A 【详解】后文说明可分析交通流、减少拥堵，因此应作肯定回答，A项正确。 8. —I receive too many personal ads after browsing products. —_______. You can change privacy settings and clear unnecessary cookies. A. That means privacy never matters. B. You should open every unknown link. C. You may manage your data traces. D. You must post your password online. 【答案】C 【详解】后文给出调整隐私设置、清理cookie的做法，C项“管理数据痕迹”概括准确。 9. —What does “personalised service” mean? —_______. A. A service sent to everyone in exactly the same way. B. A service that refuses to use any information. C. A service only used by computers. D. A service designed according to a person’s needs. 【答案】D 【详解】personalised service 意为根据个人需求定制的服务，D项符合。 10. —Big data makes life convenient, but I worry about data security. —_______. We should enjoy technology while protecting personal information. A. I agree with you. B. You should never use technology. C. Privacy is not important. D. Convenience means no rules. 【答案】A 【详解】后句提出兼顾便利与个人信息保护，与对方担忧一致，A项“I agree with you”合适。 第二节 读下面一段对话，从方框中所给的 A、B、C、D、E、F 和 G 七个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） Liu Yang: Our group will make a poster about big data in daily life. Where should we begin? Chen Mei: _______ 11 _______ Without a clear meaning, the examples may look confusing. Liu Yang: Good idea. Then we can talk about online shopping. Chen Mei: _______ 12 _______ Stores often give suggestions after analysing browsing records. Liu Yang: What other fields can we include? Chen Mei: Transportation and healthcare. _______ 13 _______ Liu Yang: Should we mention risks too? Chen Mei: Of course. _______ 14 _______ Liu Yang: Let us end with a balanced sentence. Chen Mei: _______ 15 _______ A. We should also remind people to protect privacy and data security. B. Big data means one small piece of paper information. C. That is a typical example because buying habits can be discovered from data. D. There is no need to discuss any problem. E. First, we should explain what big data is. F. Big data can serve people better when it is used wisely and safely. G. Traffic data can support smart transport, and health data can improve services. 【答案】11.E 12.C 13.G 14.A 15.F 【导语】这段对话围绕制作大数据主题海报展开，依次讨论概念解释、网购推荐、交通和医疗应用，以及隐私保护。 【详解】11. 后文提到没有清晰含义会混乱，E项先解释概念合适。 12. 上文说网购，C项说明购买习惯可由数据发现。 13. 上文列出交通和医疗，G项分别补充两个领域的作用。 14. 上文问是否提及风险，A项提醒隐私和数据安全。 15. 上文要求平衡总结，F项强调明智、安全使用。 二、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 A The City Skills Center will hold four short workshops called “Big Data Around Us”. They are designed for vocational students who want to understand how data is collected, analysed and used in real situations. Students should choose one workshop according to their interests. Registration closes on May 8. A student card is needed, and each student can register for only one workshop. Workshop Time and Place Fee and Limit Main Activities Smart Shopping Lab May 12 9:00-11:30 Room 306 20 yuan 24 students Study browsing traces Compare product suggestions Discuss buying preferences Traffic Data Day May 13 14:00-16:30 Transport Hall Free 30 students Read a traffic-flow chart Find rush-hour patterns Design a smart bus plan Health Data Corner May 14 9:00-11:00 School Clinic 15 yuan 20 students Record daily steps Analyse sleep data Give personalised health tips Privacy and Security Talk May 15 18:30-20:00 Lecture Room 10 yuan 40 students Check app permissions Learn safe passwords Protect personal information 16. If Wang Tao wants to learn how online stores suggest products, which workshop should he choose? A. Traffic Data Day. B. Health Data Corner. C. Smart Shopping Lab. D. Privacy and Security Talk. 17. How much should a student pay for the workshop held in the Transport Hall? A. 10 yuan. B. Nothing. C. 15 yuan. D. 20 yuan. 18. Which workshop has the smallest student limit? A. Smart Shopping Lab. B. Traffic Data Day. C. Privacy and Security Talk. D. Health Data Corner. 19. What can students do in Privacy and Security Talk? A. Check app permissions and learn safe passwords. B. Record daily steps and analyse sleep data. C. Compare product suggestions. D. Design a smart bus plan. 20. Which statement is TRUE according to the notice? A. Students may register after May 8. B. Every student can join all four workshops. C. A student card is needed for registration. D. The health workshop is held in Room 306. 【答案】16.C 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C 【导语】本文是一则应用文，介绍面向职业学校学生的四个大数据体验工作坊，内容涉及网购、交通、健康和隐私安全。 【详解】16. Smart Shopping Lab 的活动包括研究浏览痕迹和比较商品推荐。 17. Traffic Data Day 的费用为 Free。 18. Health Data Corner 限20人，为四项中最少。 19. Privacy and Security Talk 包含检查应用权限和学习安全密码。 20. 通知开头说明报名需要 student card。 B When Sun Wei chose a course named Big Data Technology Application, he thought it would only be about computers. On the first day, however, the teacher asked students to list the data they created before breakfast. The answers surprised the class: alarm records on phones, step numbers on smart watches, bus-card information, online searches and payment records. The teacher said, “Big data is not far away. It is formed when many small pieces of digital information are collected at high speed and in different forms.” During the course, students learned three basic words: volume, velocity and variety. Volume means there is a huge amount of data. Velocity means data is produced and processed quickly. Variety means data may be words, pictures, locations, sounds or numbers. To make the words easier to understand, the teacher gave a campus example. If the dining hall records what dishes students buy every day, the school may know which dishes are popular, when the line is longest and how much food should be prepared. Sun Wei also learned that data should be used with care. Helpful analysis can improve services, but careless sharing may bring trouble. The class discussed why websites should ask for permission before collecting personal information and why students should not post private screenshots online. At the end of the course, Sun Wei wrote in his notebook, “Big data is useful not because it is big, but because people use it to solve real problems responsibly.” 21. What surprised Sun Wei’s class on the first day? A. The course had no teacher. B. Computers were not allowed in class. C. Students had to cook breakfast. D. They created many kinds of data before breakfast. 22. What does “velocity” mean in big data? A. The speed of producing and processing data. B. The price of buying data. C. The colour of digital pictures. D. The place where data is stored. 23. Why does the teacher mention the dining hall example? A. To ask students to eat less food. B. To prove popular dishes are always unhealthy. C. To help students understand how data analysis serves real needs. D. To show that all data must be deleted every day. 24. What risk is mentioned in the passage? A. Big data makes all services slower. B. Careless sharing of personal information may cause trouble. C. Students can never use smart watches. D. Dining halls cannot record any information. 25. What is Sun Wei’s final opinion about big data? A. It is useful only when it is stored on paper. B. It should be avoided because it is too large. C. It has nothing to do with daily life. D. It should be used responsibly to solve real problems. 【答案】21.D 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.D 【导语】本文是一篇学习经历类说明文，讲述学生通过课程认识大数据的来源、三大特征和负责任使用的重要性。 【详解】21. 第一段列举早餐前产生的多种数据，使学生惊讶。 22. 第二段直接解释 velocity 表示数据快速产生和处理。 23. 食堂例子说明数据分析可以帮助安排服务。 24. 第三段指出 careless sharing may bring trouble。 25. 末句强调 responsibly 和 solve real problems。 C At the school innovation festival, four students from Class 2 prepared a small project called “A Smarter Lunch Line”. Their problem was simple: students often waited too long at the dining hall, while some dishes were left unsold after lunch. Instead of complaining, the group decided to collect useful information for one week. They recorded arrival times, popular dishes and the number of students in each line. They did not record names or phone numbers because their teacher reminded them to respect privacy. At first, the data looked like a mess. There were many numbers, and different group members wrote them in different ways. Team leader Meng Rui suggested making a shared form. They used the same labels, such as “time period”, “dish type” and “waiting minutes”. After that, patterns became clearer. The longest line usually appeared between 12:05 and 12:15. Rice sets sold out quickly on rainy days, while cold noodles were more popular on hot days. The group gave three suggestions to the dining hall: open one more window during the busiest ten minutes, prepare more hot dishes on rainy days, and show the menu earlier on the school app. Two weeks later, waiting time became shorter. Meng Rui said the project taught him that data was not magic. It became useful only when people asked a clear question, collected information properly and turned analysis into action. 26. What problem did the students try to solve? A. Students forgot to bring lunch boxes. B. The lunch line was long and some dishes were left unsold. C. The dining hall had no menu. D. Teachers asked students to stop eating lunch. 27. Why did the group avoid recording names or phone numbers? A. Because the data would become too small. B. Because names were difficult to spell. C. Because the app did not work. D. Because they wanted to respect privacy. 28. What helped the group find patterns more clearly? A. Using a shared form with the same labels. B. Deleting all numbers collected before. C. Collecting private information from students. D. Changing the project topic every day. 29. Which suggestion was given to the dining hall? A. Stop selling rice sets. B. Close all windows at noon. C. Open one more window during the busiest ten minutes. D. Ask students to wait outside the school. 30. What lesson did Meng Rui learn? A. Data is useful as soon as it is written down. B. Data becomes useful when clear questions and actions are connected. C. Data should never be used in school life. D. Data analysis means guessing without records. 【答案】26.B 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.B 【导语】本文是一篇校园项目记叙文，讲述学生用数据分析改善午餐排队问题，并在过程中理解规范收集、发现规律和转化行动的意义。 【详解】26. 第一段说明排队久且部分菜品剩余。 27. 第一段末句说明不记录姓名电话是为了尊重隐私。 28. 第二段 shared form 和 same labels 使规律更清晰。 29. 第三段第一条建议是高峰十分钟多开窗口。 30. 末句指出清晰问题、正确收集和行动相连，数据才有用。 D Big data is often described as a new resource, but it is different from coal or water. It does not become useful simply because it is stored in large amounts. Its value appears when people analyse it to find patterns and make better decisions. For example, traffic data can show where jams often happen, health data can remind people to improve habits, and learning data can help teachers notice students who need support. The first advantage of big data is personalisation. Instead of giving the same service to everyone, a system may offer suggestions according to a user’s needs. A shopping website recommends products, a learning platform gives exercises at the right level, and a health app may suggest a daily plan. Such services save time and make choices easier. However, personalisation depends on collected information, so users should know what is collected and how it is used. Another key issue is data security. If personal information is collected without clear rules, people may lose control over their privacy. Safe use of big data requires both technology and responsibility. Companies should protect databases, ask for permission and avoid collecting unnecessary details. Users should also create strong passwords, read app permissions and think twice before sharing screenshots. In short, big data is neither a perfect answer nor a dangerous monster. It is a tool. When it is used wisely, it can support smart cities, better education and healthier lives. When it is used carelessly, it may create new problems. The future of big data depends on whether people can balance convenience with respect for privacy. 31. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Big data gains value through analysis and decisions. B. Big data is exactly the same as coal. C. All stored information is useful at once. D. Traffic data has no practical meaning. 32. Which example shows personalisation? A. A website gives the same product list to everyone. B. A classroom refuses to use online exercises. C. A learning platform gives exercises at the right level. D. A user deletes every useful record. 33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Time. B. Collected information. C. A daily plan. D. A shopping product. 34. Which of the following is suggested for users? A. Collect unnecessary details. B. Share private screenshots freely. C. Use weak passwords for convenience. D. Read app permissions before sharing information. 35. What is the writer’s attitude towards big data? A. Balanced. B. Completely negative. C. Unclear. D. Careless. 【答案】31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.A 【导语】本文是一篇社科科普说理文，说明大数据的价值来源、个性化服务优势和数据安全风险，强调在便利与隐私之间保持平衡。 【详解】31. 第一段强调通过分析发现规律并作出更好决定。 32. 第二段中学习平台按水平给练习属于个性化。 33. 句中 it 指前面的 collected information。 34. 第三段建议用户阅读应用权限。 35. 文章既肯定用途又指出风险，态度平衡。 三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Our school started a “Data in Life” week. Each group had to choose one problem and use data to study it. My group focused on classroom lights. Sometimes lights were left on after class, which wasted electricity and showed that we were weak _______ 36 _______ energy saving. We first made a simple form. Every day, one member checked the classroom at three different times and wrote down whether the lights were on. We also recorded the weather, because dark days might _______ 37 _______ more lighting. After five days, we found that lights were often left on after PE lessons. The reason was not laziness. Students hurried to the playground and forgot _______ 38 _______ them off. Then we discussed how to solve the problem. A poster alone was not _______ 39 _______ enough, so we put a small reminder near the door and asked the last student to check the switch. The result became _______ 40 _______ than before. In the second week, the number of forgotten lights dropped greatly. This small project changed my idea about data. I used to think data was only for engineers. Now I know it can help us make daily life _______ 41 _______. If we collect information _______ 42 _______ and analyse it carefully, we can find real reasons behind problems. At the same time, we should not collect private information _______ 43 _______ it is necessary. Data is powerful, _______ 44 _______ responsibility is also important. Used wisely, it can lead us _______ 45 _______ better habits. 36. A. at B. in C. for D. with 37. A. lose B. need C. hide D. save 38. A. turn B. to turn C. turning D. turned 39. A. clear B. clearly C. clearness D. unclear 40. A. better B. best C. good D. well 41. A. convenient B. conveniently C. convenience D. inconvenient 42. A. careless B. properly C. proper D. improper 43. A. until B. unless C. although D. because 44. A. but B. so C. or D. because 45. A. develop B. developing C. developed D. to develop 【答案】36.B 37.B 38.B 39.A 40.A 41.A 42.B 43.B 44.A 45.D 【导语】本文讲述学生通过收集教室灯光使用数据，发现浪费原因并提出改进措施，体现数据分析与责任意识。 【详解】36. be weak in 表示“在……方面薄弱”。 37. dark days 可能需要更多照明，need 符合。 38. forget to do sth. 表示忘记去做某事。 39. 修饰 enough 用形容词 clear。 40. than 提示使用比较级 better。 41. make sth. + adj.，用 convenient。 42. 修饰 collect 用副词 properly。 43. unless 表示“除非”，符合不必要不收集。 44. 前后为转折，用 but。45. lead sb. to do sth. 用 to develop。 四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在对应处。 Big data is changing many parts of daily life. When people shop online, stores may record what they search for and what they buy. These records help stores give _______ 46 _______ (suggestion), but users should also protect their privacy. Before using an app, it is wise _______ 47 _______ (check) what information it collects. In transportation, traffic data can be _______ 48 _______ (analyse) to reduce jams. In education, teachers can learn about students’ online learning behaviours and offer _______ 49 _______ (personalise) guidance. In healthcare, doctors may monitor symptoms from a distance _______ 50 _______ provide better treatment. These examples show that big data _______ 51 _______ (make) services more convenient. However, convenience does not mean we can forget safety. If people share personal information _______ 52 _______ (careless), they may face risks. Companies should collect only necessary data and keep _______ 53 _______ safe. Users need strong passwords and should avoid unknown links. Big data will be more helpful _______ 54 _______ people use it responsibly. In the future, smart cities _______ 55 _______ (become) more common, but privacy must still be respected. 46._________ 47._________ 48._________ 49._________ 50._________ 51._________ 52._________ 53._________ 54._________ 55._________ 【答案】46.suggestions 47.to check 48.analysed/analyzed 49.personalised/personalized 50.and 51.makes 52.carelessly 53.it 54.if/when 55.will become 【导语】本文介绍大数据在网购、交通、教育和医疗中的应用，同时提醒用户注意隐私和安全。 【详解】46. give 后接名词复数 suggestions 表示多条建议。 47. it is wise to do sth. 为固定结构。 48. data 与 analyse 为被动关系，用过去分词。 49. 修饰 guidance 用形容词 personalised。 50. monitor 与 provide 并列，用 and。 51. 主语 big data 为单数概念，谓语用 makes。 52. 修饰 share 用副词 carelessly。 53. 指代前文 data，用 it。 54. 根据句意“如果/当人们负责任地使用”，用 if/when。 55. In the future 提示一般将来时。 五、书面表达（满分20分） 你校英语社团正在征集题为“How to Use Big Data Wisely”的短文。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文短文投稿。 内容包括： (1) 说明大数据给生活带来的便利； (2) 举例介绍大数据在网购、交通、教育或健康中的作用； (3) 提醒同学保护隐私和数据安全； (4) 呼吁大家理性、负责任地使用大数据。 写作要求： (1) 词数不少于80； (2) 必须包括要点，可以适当扩充，但不能逐词翻译； (3) 文中不要提及真实校名和姓名。 提示：big data, convenient, online shopping, smart transportation, personalised service, privacy, data security, responsibly ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 How to Use Big Data Wisely Big data is becoming part of our daily life. It can make life more convenient because it helps people find useful information and make better choices. For example, online stores can give us product suggestions according to our buying habits. Traffic data can help reduce jams and support smart transportation. In education, learning platforms may offer personalised exercises, so students can improve step by step. Health data can also remind people to build better habits. However, we should not forget privacy and data security. We need to use strong passwords, check app permissions and avoid sharing personal information carelessly. Big data is a useful tool, but it should be used responsibly. If we balance convenience with safety, big data will bring us a smarter and safer life. 【词汇积累】convenient 便利的；online shopping 网上购物；smart transportation 智慧交通；personalised service 个性化服务；privacy 隐私；data security 数据安全；responsibly 负责任地。 【句式拓展】1. It can make life more convenient because it helps people find useful information and make better choices. 可替换为：By offering useful information, big data enables people to make wiser choices. 2. If we balance convenience with safety, big data will bring us a smarter and safer life. 可替换为：Only by balancing convenience and safety can we enjoy the benefits of big data. 【点睛】范文先总述大数据便利，再举网购、交通、教育和健康等例子，最后回到隐私保护与负责任使用，结构完整，语言适合中职学生仿写。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $