Unit 6 Section Ⅱ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“层级一基础巩固+层级二综合提升”的分层设计，构建从单一语法点到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升，适配新授课教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |层级一|基础语法（时态、词性转换等）|单句语法填空聚焦核心考点，语法与写作结合汉译英强化句型应用，语篇练语法以艺术家生平语篇整合语法知识，夯实语言能力| |层级二|综合语言应用（阅读、语篇填空）|阅读理解选取环保主题文本（森林恢复、微塑料治理），七选五围绕青少年环保行动，语法填空结合世界动物日话题，提升思维品质与文化意识|

[对应知能达标训练P64] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations.(economy) 2．Concerned about the future of these wild animals，people set up conservation (conserve) areas to protect them，especially the endangered species. 3．Recently we held a discussion about what we should use for power if all the oil in the world were used up． 4．It is generally acknowledged that Internet addiction will have a disturbing (disturb) effect on people's health and social relationships. 5．The girl has a great interest in sport and has been taking (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 6．My sister stayed (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 7．I have been writing letters all this morning and I have written four letters so far.(write) 8．Father had left (leave) for London on business before my arrival，so I didn't see him. 9．Thanks to your constant encouragement，I have made (make) great progress in my studies in the past few months. 10．Maria has been learning/has learned (learn) English for two years and she does well in it. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．我们的英语老师自从大学毕业后一直教英语。 Our English teacher has been teaching English since she graduated from college． 2．过去几个星期我们一直在做这个实验。我希望下周能完成。 We have been conducting the experiment for the past few weeks.I hope it will be finished next week. 3．谢谢你所做的一切。我期待着你的答复。 Thank you for all you have been doing．I am looking forward to your reply. 4．他们又累又渴，因为他们整个上午都在种树。 They are tired and thirsty，because they have been planting/have planted trees all the morning. 5．我一直在考虑你说的话，而且我已经决定采纳你的建议了。 I have been thinking about what you said and I have decided to take your advice. Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 Last night，I 1.went (go) to see a concert by the Chinese-born Canadian artist Liu Fang.She was born in China and 2.studied (study) music in Shanghai，but she 3.has been living (live) in Canada since 1996.She 4.has been playing (play) traditional Chinese music since she 5.was (be) very young.Last night，she 6.performed (perform) a series of classical Chinese pieces for the pipa and the guzheng.I 7.bought (buy) a CD of her music after the concert and I 8.have been listening (listen) to it all day today! Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Rain forests are globally disappearing due to the expansion of farmlands.Some researchers are searching for smart ways to restore forests to reduce costs because planting trees is，to some extent，expensive.One possibility is called natural regeneration，which means letting the forests grow back by themselves without planting new trees. While natural regeneration seems like a beautiful solution，we must be careful.If we just let all forests grow back naturally，we might miss some important areas.Many sensitive areas have suffered illegally from deforestation and may not regrow on their own，so we should immediately take care of these areas. We then created two plans to restore 15 million hectares (公顷) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.Plan 1 focuses on places where trees can grow back by themselves.In Plan 2，we give nature a little hand by planting trees where they cannot grow back on their own.This helps bring back forests in all the ecologically sensitive areas.We also figured out which areas had the lowest overall restoration costs：the cost to plant trees plus financial losses because the farmers could no longer use the land for farming. We found if we adopted Plan 1 and let nature recover 15 million hectares in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest，we would restore more places from small farms than places in large plantations (种植园).That would impact the farming activities of small farm owners，while large farming companies would continue their business as usual.Plan 2 aimed at planting new trees in the special places currently not covered by forests.Further，Plan 2 helped to reforest regions that did not have many trees left，which brought animals and plants back to regions where they had been lost. Now that we have a plan；it is time to put it into action! Let's make joint efforts and work together to make a big difference in saving our forests! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林令人担忧的现状及其解决方法，并讨论了相关解决方案的优劣。 1．Why is natural regeneration called a smart way? A．Farmlands are declining. B．It is environmentally friendly. C．Planting trees is relatively costly. D．Sensitive areas may not restore themselves. 解析　细节理解题。 根据第一段的“Some researchers are searching for smart ways to restore forests to reduce costs because planting trees is，to some extent，expensive.”可知，一些研究人员认为“天然造林”更明智，是因为人工植树从某种程度上较为昂贵。故选C。 答案　C 2．What does Plan 2 show? A．The vastness of rain forests. B．The necessity of human intervention. C．The consequences of human activities. D．The possibility of natural regeneration. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“In Plan 2，we give nature a little hand by planting trees where they cannot grow back on their own.This helps bring back forests in all the ecologically sensitive areas.”可推知，在人类的干预和帮助下，有些地区的植被可以恢复。故选B。 答案　B 3．Who might suffer more according to paragraph 4? A．The small farm owners. B．Large farming companies. C．Agricultural organizations. D．Residents in reforested regions. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的前两句“我们发现，如果我们采用计划1，让自然在巴西大西洋森林恢复1500万公顷，我们将从小型农场中恢复比大型种植园更多的地方。那将影响小型农场主的农业活动，而大型农业公司将照常经营。”可知，小型农场主们是最容易受到影响的。故选A。 答案　A 4．What's the author's purpose in writing the passage? A．To fuel a debate. B．To prove a theory. C．To call for action. D．To present a phenomenon. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，本文旨在呼吁人们采取行动保护热带雨林。故选C。 答案　C B To solve the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways，chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small.Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil.When sunlight hits them，they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction.When they find a piece of plastic，they stick to it and start to break it down. Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University led the project.A decade ago，he chose to focus on the problem posed by microplastics.They're everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains.They've turned up in drinking water.Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the world's waters.The plastic has many sources，from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes. In lab experiments，the star-shaped swimmers stuck onto each of four different types of plastic.And after a week exposed to light，the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics.It wasn't much—only by percent.But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down.They also caused the surface of the plastic to change from smooth to rough.That's another sign that the robots were degrading (分解) it.The new study is a proof of concept type.That means it shows something can be done successfully. In fact，Pumera says they still have a long way to go.There are many types of plastics.And even these microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading them all.The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment，although Pumera says that's their next goal.The first real-world test will be in a wastewater treatment plant.“Indeed，” says one researcher.“We'll need a lot of testing to show that they're safe in open waterways，such as at sea.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了捷克科学家为了应对日渐严重的微塑料污染问题发明了微型机器人。 5．What does the underlined word “brainchild” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Idea. B．Hope. C．Project. D．Routine. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句“To solve the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways，chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small.”和画线词所在句“Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil.”可知，捷克共和国的化学家们正在想办法解决微小塑料污染水道的问题，画线词承接前文，所以画线词所在句指化学家们的解决问题的想法是用一种微型机器人，因此画线词的含义为“解决方法；想法”，故选A。 答案　A 6．What does the author focus on in paragraph 2? A．The purpose of Pumera's project. B．The preciousness of drinking water. C．The seriousness of plastic pollution. D．The working principle of the microrobots. 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段的“They're everywhere — from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains.They've turned up in drinking water.Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the world's waters.The plastic has many sources，from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.”可知，本段讲述微塑料分布广泛，甚至出现在饮用水当中。C项“塑料污染的严重性”符合题意。故选C。 答案　C 7．What shows the effectiveness of the microrobots in lab experiments? A．The weight loss of the plastics. B．The disappearance of the plastics. C．The shape change of the microrobots. D．The improvement in the quality of water. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“And after a week exposed to light，the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics.”和第四句话“But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down.”可知，塑料在暴露于光线后，其重量会减轻，说明微型机器人正在分解塑料，使其重量损失。A项“塑料的重量损失”符合题意。故选A。 答案　A 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Ways to Obtain Cleaner Drinking Water B．Microrobots Invented to Treat Wastewater C．New Hope for the Solution to Plastic Pollution D．Technology Widely Applied in Environmental Protection 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知文章主要介绍了捷克科学家为了应对日渐严重的微塑料污染问题发明了微型机器人。C项“解决塑料污染的新希望”符合题意。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.七选五 How to be greener as a teenager We are told to buy hybrid (混合动力) cars，switch to greener home goods，and insulate (隔热) the roof. 1 Worse，if you still live at home，your parents may not be nearly as interested in finding ways to be green as you are.Luckily，there are still some things you can do to encourage them to change their ways. 2 For example，buy recyclable pens that could be filled with ink rather than pens that get thrown away after being used.If you have papers，bottles or whatever，don't throw them away.Instead，send them to the recycling company in your district.You can even recycle make-up packaging! Talk about pollution and global warming to your parents.Don't push them to be greener and annoy them；they wouldn't mind a few suggestions every now and again.Some adults are interested in living large. 3 Try to explain to your younger cousins what is happening in the world，as simply as possible.Allow them to make up their own mind but you might find they will be more open to it than your parents. Be green on your birthday.Haven't got any ideas for your birthday presents? 4 Energy-efficient light bulbs for your lamps，recyclable notebooks，sponsoring a green charity in your name，solar-powered chargers.There are lots of things you can buy that will be useful and enjoyable. 5 Remember you can't change the world by yourself，but everything you do helps.Don't get discouraged when people are not as enthusiastic；you are only one person and can only do so much. A．Suggest a green theme. B．Try buying things that could be recycled. C．You might think as a teen，you can't do much to help. D．Plus there will be an added warm feeling on your birthday. E．But what if you're not in control of any of that stuff as a teenager? F．Bring cloth bags to stores and use them instead of plastic or paper. G．They might drive a huge SUV，live in a big house，or simply waste things. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为青少年介绍了一些践行环保的方法。 1．解析　前文“We are told to buy hybrid (混合动力) cars，switch to greener home goods，and insulate (隔热) the roof.”提到一些常见的环保建议，引出环保的主题；后文“Worse，if you still live at home，your parents may not be nearly as interested in finding ways to be green as you are.”提到了更糟糕的情况，指出住在家里的青少年面临父母对环保不感兴趣的难题，空处应该是青少年面临的一种糟糕情况。因此E项(但如果作为青少年无法控制这些事情怎么办呢？)符合语境，以问题的形式指出青少年无法实践那些环保建议，和前文构成转折，其中的that stuff指代前文提到的各种建议，后文是对其递进。故选E。 答案　E 2．解析　后文“For example，buy recyclable pens that could be filled with ink rather than pens that get thrown away after being used.If you have papers，bottles or whatever，don't throw them away.Instead，send them to the recycling company in your district.”用具体的例子说明可以通过回收的方式来做到环保，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，提出的建议应该与回收相关，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式。因此B项 (试着买一些可以回收的东西。)符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的recycled和后文的recyclable，recycling是同源词。故选B。 答案　B 3．解析　前文“Some adults are interested in living large.”提到部分成年人奢华的生活方式；后文“Try to explain to your younger cousins what is happening in the world，as simply as possible.”转到和同龄的堂兄妹谈论环保相关的话题，空处应该是对成年人奢华生活的具体说明。因此G项 (他们可能开着一辆巨大的SUV，住在大房子里，或者只是浪费东西。)符合语境，具体描述了成年人奢华的生活方式，承接前文，其中的they指代前文的some adults。故选G。 答案　G 4．解析　前文“Haven't got any ideas for your birthday presents？”设定了没想好生日礼物的场景；后文“Energy-efficient light bulbs for your lamps，recyclable notebooks，sponsoring a green charity in your name，solar-powered chargers.”列出了众多环保的生日礼物，空处应该是说明生日礼物可以是环保的主题。因此A项 (建议一个绿色主题。)符合语境，承前启后。故选A。 答案　A 5．解析　前文“There are lots of things you can buy that will be useful and enjoyable.”提到这些礼物可以既有用又令人愉快，空处作为段尾句，应该继续说明选择这样的礼物的好处。因此D项(另外，你的生日也会增添一份温暖的感觉。)符合语境，指出生日会因此变得温暖，和前文是递进关系。故选D。 答案　D Ⅲ.语法填空 There are a great number of festivals around the world every year，most of which are just for human beings.1.________ (actual)，there is one day for animals—World Animal Day. World Animal Day is a day on 2.________ the whole world cares for animals and 3.________ (work) towards the health and happiness of animals.It 4.________(hold) on October 4th of each year.The goal is to make 5.________ earth a better place for these human friends. World Animal Day can be celebrated in many different 6.________(way).One way is that people can buy some books on how to protect animals to educate 7.________(they).Meanwhile，what people can also do is to email their local newspaper or social media website to tell them the 8.________(important) of the day.Other possible ways include donating or 9.________(volunteer) at local shelters；adding animal-friendly equipment 10.________ your garden such as birdbaths；adopting a homeless animal or even just buying your favourite animal a special meal. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界动物日的意义以及人们可以做什么来庆祝世界动物日。 1．解析　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空处应该填入一个副词作状语来修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Actually。 答案　Actually 2．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，a day后面是一个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，空处应该填入一个指物的关系代词代替先行词a day作介词on的宾语。故填which。 答案　which 3．解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据空前的连词and可知，空处应该填入一个和前面的cares并列的从句谓语动词形式。从句主语为单数，故填works。 答案　works 4．解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空前的It代指的是World Animal Day，所以It和动词hold是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；根据后面的时间状语each year可知，本句应该用一般现在时，主语为第三人称形式。故填is held。 答案　is held 5．解析　考查冠词。根据空后的名词earth可知，空处应该填入定冠词the用来指世界上独一无二的事物。故填the。 答案　the 6．解析　考查名词的数。根据空前的many different可知，空处应该填入可数名词的复数形式。故填ways。 答案　ways 7．解析　考查代词。从句的主语people和谓语动词educate的宾语指的是同一人，所以要用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 答案　themselves 8．解析　考查词性转换。根据句意和空前的冠词the以及所给的形容词important可知，空处应该填入important的名词形式。故填importance。 答案　importance 9．解析　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的连词or可知，空处应该填入一个和donating并列的动词-ing形式作宾语。故填volunteering。 答案　volunteering 10．解析　考查介词。根据前面的adding可知，此题考查固定搭配“add...to...(向……添加……)”。故填to。 答案　to 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $