Unit 1 You and me 单元知识点讲解+对应练习 2026-2027学年人教版七年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦七年级上册Unit 1核心知识点，从基础词汇（如make friends、know）到代词（each、another/other系列）、词汇辨析（full/fill、information/message/news），再到语法（人称代词与物主代词），构建从词汇积累到语法应用的递进式学习支架。 资料通过“讲解+例题+巩固练习”模式，强化语言能力（如make friends with固定搭配练习），通过词义辨析（如another/other区别）培养思维品质，综合练习题助力学习能力提升。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，夯实基础。

七年级上册Unit 1 You and me 知识点讲解 单元核心知识点精讲 知识点1：make friends 交朋友 讲解：make为实义动词，可表示“制作、使得”，核心句式make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）。单元重点短语make friends with sb. 表示“与某人交朋友”，为固定搭配，短语中friend必须使用复数形式，属于高频交际考点。 例题：根据汉语提示完成句子：我们应该主动和新同学交朋友。 We should take the initiative to ________ ________ ________ new classmates. 答案：make friends with 解析：本题考查固定短语搭配，make friends with sb.为固定用法，情态动词should后接动词原形。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Linda is kind and she likes ______ new friends at school. A. make B. making C. makes D. to making 答案：B 解析：like doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词形式，故选B。 【巩固练习2】：改错：He wants make friends with me.（写出正确句子） 答案：He wants to make friends with me. 解析：want to do sth.为固定结构，意为“想要做某事”，动词want后需接动词不定式。 知识点2：know 认识；了解；知道 讲解：know是常用实义动词，含义为知道、认识、熟知。动词变形：三单knows、过去式knew、现在分词knowing。固定搭配get to know，侧重循序渐进地认识、了解人或事物，强调过程变化。 例题：翻译句子：我们可以在相处中互相了解。________________________ 答案：We can get to know each other in getting along. 解析：本题考查核心短语get to know（了解、认识），each other为固定搭配“互相”，贴合句意。 【巩固练习1】：用所给词的适当形式填空：She ______ (know) my elder sister very well. 答案：knows 解析：句子主语she为第三人称单数，一般现在时中，谓语动词需用三单形式knows。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：You will ______ more about your classmates after the trip. A. get to know B. know about C. know of D. know for 答案：A 解析：get to know侧重逐步深入了解，符合“旅行后慢慢熟悉同学”的语境，为单元核心考点搭配。 知识点3：each 每个；各自 讲解：each可作形容词和代词，多用于指代单数人或事物。作形容词可直接修饰单数可数名词；作代词可在句中作主语、宾语、同位语，重点强调群体中的每一个独立个体。 例题：单项选择：______ student in our class has a new English book. A. Each B. All C. Every D. One 答案：A 解析：空格后为单数名词student，each可直接修饰单数名词，all后接复数名词，every不单独用于此类句式，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：句型转换：Each of them has a pencil.（改为同义句）They ______ ______ a pencil. 答案：each have 解析：each作同位语置于主语后时，谓语动词跟随主语复数形式，使用原形have。 【巩固练习2】：根据句意填空：On ______ side of the street, there are green trees. 答案：each 解析：each修饰单数名词side，指街道的每一侧，符合语境。 知识点4：another/other/the other/others 词义辨析 讲解：四个词汇均表示“另外的、其他的”，是初中易混考点。another用于三者及以上的另一个；other泛指其他的，常修饰复数名词；the other特指两者中的另一个；others为代词，泛指其他人或物，相当于other+复数名词。 例题：单项选择：I don’t like this pen. Please show me ______ one. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 答案：B 解析：本题指众多钢笔中的另一个，属于三者及以上范围，用another修饰单数名词one。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：I have two sisters. One is a teacher, ______ is a nurse. A. another B. the other C. other D. others 答案：B 解析：两者范围内固定搭配one...the other...，表示“一个……另一个……”。 【巩固练习2】：用others/other填空：Some students are reading, ______ are writing. We have many ______ activities after class. 答案：others；other 解析：第一空代词others指代其他学生，作主语；第二空形容词other修饰复数名词activities。 知识点5：full & fill 词汇辨析与搭配 讲解：full是形容词，表“满的”，侧重静态状态，核心搭配full name（全名）、be full of（充满）；fill是及物动词，表“填满”，侧重动态动作，固定搭配fill...with...（用……填满），be full of与be filled with可同义互换。 例题：单项选择：The room is ______ toys and books. A. full of B. fill with C. full with D. fill of 答案：A 解析：固定搭配be full of（充满），无be full with、fill of此类用法，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：用fill/full填空：Please ______ the bottle with water. The bottle is ______ of water now. 答案：fill；full 解析：第一空用动词fill构成fill...with...结构；第二空用形容词full构成be full of固定搭配。 【巩固练习2】：翻译：请问可以告诉我你的全名吗？________________________ 答案：Could you tell me your full name, please? 解析：本题考查核心短语full name（全名），采用委婉交际句式，符合日常表达习惯。 知识点6：姓名类专有名词 讲解：英文姓名结构与中文相反，first name/given name意为“名”，last name/family name意为“姓氏”，full name指代完整姓名。该知识点常用于情景问答、句型转换题型。 例题：句型转换：My full name is Wang Hao.（对划线部分提问）______ ______ full name? 答案：What's your 解析：对姓名提问用特殊疑问词what，人称对应转换为your，be动词用is。 【巩固练习1】：根据句意填空：In English, Tom is my ______ name and Green is my ______ name. 答案：first；last/family 解析：英文姓名中靠前的是名字（first name），靠后的是姓氏（last/family name）。 【巩固练习2】：判断正误并改错：My family name is Li Ming.（ ）________ 答案：×；My full name is Li Ming. 解析：Li Ming是完整姓名，并非单独姓氏，需使用full name。 知识点7：mistake 错误；误会 讲解：mistake兼具名词和动词词性，名词表“错误、过失”，复数为mistakes；动词表“误解、弄错”。单元核心固定搭配：make a mistake/make mistakes（犯错误）、by mistake（错误地、无意地）。 例题：根据汉语提示填空：I took her pen ______ ______ (错误地) just now. 答案：by mistake 解析：by mistake为固定副词短语，在句中作状语，侧重无心、无意犯错。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Don’t be afraid to ______ ______ in your study. A. make mistake B. make mistakes C. do mistakes D. do mistake 答案：B 解析：make mistakes为固定搭配，mistake为可数名词，学习中犯错常用复数形式。 【巩固练习2】：用所给词适当形式填空：He often makes small ______ (mistake) in homework. 答案：mistakes 解析：small修饰可数名词，此处表示多处小错误，需用复数形式mistakes。 知识点8：country 国家；乡村 讲解：country名词，有两层核心含义，一是“国家”，二是“乡村、乡下”；复数形式为countries。其衍生词countryside专指“农村地区”，无复数变形。 例题：单项选择：China is a beautiful ______ with a long history. A. countryside B. country C. countries D. village 答案：B 解析：句意：中国是一个历史悠久的美丽国家。单数a后接单数名词country，countryside特指乡村，不符合题意。 【巩固练习1】：用所给词适当形式填空：Many different ______ (country) take part in the game. 答案：countries 解析：different后接可数名词复数，country复数变形为countries。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：She likes living in the ______ because the air is fresh. A. country B. city C. school D. town 答案：A 解析：country可表示乡村，句意：她喜欢住在乡下，空气清新，贴合语境。 知识点9：same 相同的 讲解：same可作形容词和代词，意为“相同的、同样的人/事物”，反义词为different。核心固定搭配：be the same as（与……相同）、at the same time（同时），使用时same前通常必须加定冠词the。 例题：单项选择：Her bag is ______ same as mine. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案：C 解析：固定搭配be the same as，same前必须加定冠词the，为必考语法点。 【巩固练习1】：翻译：你的书包和我的一样。________________________ 答案：Your schoolbag is the same as mine. 解析：考查核心固定短语be the same as，mine为名词性物主代词，指代my schoolbag。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：We finished our homework ______ the same time. A. in B. on C. at D. for 答案：C 解析：固定搭配at the same time，表示“同时”。 知识点10：both 两者都 讲解：both可作代词和形容词，特指“两者、双方”，核心句型both…and…表示“两者都……”，可连接名词、形容词、动词等。连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。反义词为neither（两者都不）。 例题：用所给词适当形式填空：Both Lucy and Lily ______ (like) singing. 答案：like 解析：both…and…连接两个主语，谓语动词使用复数原形。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：______ English and math are important subjects. A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither 答案：B 解析：此处指代两门学科，两者都用both，all用于三者及以上。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：—Do you like basketball or football? —______. I like them two. A. All B. None C. Both D. Every 答案：C 解析：答句说明两个都喜欢，两者范围用both。 知识点11：a lot / a lot of 辨析 讲解：a lot of = lots of，为形容词短语，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，表“许多”；a lot为副词短语，修饰动词、形容词比较级，表“非常、很多”，后面不接名词。 例题：单项选择：He helps me ______ in my daily life. A. a lot of B. lots of C. a lot D. lot of 答案：C 解析：此处修饰动词helps，需用副词短语a lot，其余选项后必须接名词。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：There are ______ flowers in the garden. A. a lot B. lots of C. a lots of D. lot 答案：B 解析：修饰名词flowers需用lots of/a lot of，AD不可接名词，C为错误形式。 【巩固练习2】：完成句子：她非常喜欢画画。She likes drawing ______ ______. 答案：a lot 解析：修饰动词like，用副词短语a lot表“非常”。 知识点12：play 球类/乐器用法 讲解：play用法分为两类：1. 后接球类、棋牌、游戏名词，零冠词，即play basketball/play chess；2. 后接乐器名词，必须加定冠词the，即play the guitar/play the piano。同时拓展常用短语：play with sb.（和某人玩耍）、play with sth.（玩弄某物）。 例题：单项选择：He likes playing ______ guitar in his free time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案：C 解析：乐器名词前必须加定冠词the。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：My brother often plays ______ basketball after school. A. the B. a C. / D. an 答案：C 解析：球类运动名词前不加任何冠词。 【巩固练习2】：用正确形式填空：She wants ______ (play) the piano on stage. 答案：to play 解析：want to do sth.为固定搭配，后接动词不定式。 知识点13：post 邮政；邮寄 讲解：post可作名词和动词，名词意为“邮政、邮件”（不可数）；动词意为“邮寄、发布”。衍生词汇：post office（邮局）、postman（邮递员）、postcard（明信片），均为单元高频词汇。 例题：单项选择：I will ______ a letter to my pen pal this afternoon. A. post B. posts C. posting D. posted 答案：A 解析：will后接动词原形，故选post。 【巩固练习1】：根据句意填空：I buy a beautiful ______ (明信片) for my teacher. 答案：postcard 解析：考查单元重点名词postcard（明信片）。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：My father works in a ______. He is a postman. A. hospital B. post office C. school D. shop 答案：B 解析：由postman（邮递员）可知工作地点为邮局post office。 知识点14：would 情态动词用法 讲解：would为will的过去式，可表意愿、委婉请求。核心搭配：would like to do sth.（想要做某事）、would rather do sth.（宁愿做某事），是情景交际高频考点。 例题：单项选择：Would you like ______ swimming with me? A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 答案：C 解析：固定搭配would like to do sth.，后接动词不定式。 【巩固练习1】：完成句子：我宁愿在家看书。I ______ ______ read books at home. 答案：would rather 解析：would rather do sth.为固定句式，表宁愿做某事。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：—Would you like some juice? —______. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, please D. No, I’m not 答案：C 解析：Would you like...的标准肯定答语为Yes, please.，否定为No, thanks.。 知识点15：information/message/news 辨析 讲解：三者均表信息、消息。information泛指各类资讯，不可数；message指口头、书面留言，可数；news指新闻媒体报道的时事新闻，不可数。搭配：a piece of information/news，a message。 例题：单项选择：We can get lots of ______ on the Internet. A. information B. informations C. message D. newses 答案：A 解析：information和news均为不可数名词，无复数；message为可数名词，lots of后需复数，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Can you take a ______ for me? A. news B. information C. message D. book 答案：C 解析：take a message for sb.为固定搭配，意为“给某人捎口信”。 【巩固练习2】：填空：There is a piece of ______ (新闻) on TV. 答案：news 解析：news为不可数名词，一则新闻用a piece of news。 知识点16：hobby 爱好 讲解：hobby为可数名词，意为“业余爱好”，复数形式为hobbies（变y为i加es）。常用句型：One’s hobby is doing sth.（某人的爱好是做某事）。 例题：单项选择：Her ______ are reading and drawing. A. hobby B. hobbies C. hobbyes D. habbies 答案：B 解析：be动词为are，主语需用复数，hobby复数为hobbies。 【巩固练习1】：仿写句子：他的爱好是种花。________________________ 答案：His hobby is planting flowers. 解析：遵循句型One’s hobby is doing sth.，plant flowers表示种花。 【巩固练习2】：仿写句子：他的爱好是徒步旅行。________________________ 答案：His hobby is hiking. 解析：hike徒步旅行，此处用动名词形式作表语。 核心语法：人称代词与物主代词 人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用于句首作主语（动作发出者），宾格用于动词、介词后作宾语（动作承受者）；形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，用来修饰名词，表示所属关系，不可单独使用。 人称代词对照表 我 你 他 / 她 / 它 我们 你们 他们 主格 I you he/she/it we you they 宾格 me you him/her/it us you them 物主代词对照表 我的 你的 他的 / 她的 / 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs 例题：单项选择：This is ______ pen. ______ is on the desk. A. my; Mine B. mine; My C. I; Mine D. me; My 答案：A 解析：第一空修饰名词pen用形容词性物主代词my；第二空单独作主语用名词性物主代词mine。 【巩固练习1】：用适当代词填空：Let ______ (we) help you. 答案：us 解析：动词let后接人称代词宾格形式us。 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：______ is a good student. We all like ______. A. She; she B. Her; her C. She; her D. Her; she 答案：C 解析：第一空作主语用主格she；第二空作宾语用宾格her。 单元综合练习题 一、根据句意及首字母/汉语提示补全单词 1. ________ (她的) brother is a middle school student. 2. What’s ________ (他的) telephone number? 3. I ________ (是) a new student here. 4. Glad to ________ (遇见) you! 5. What ________ (颜色) is your new schoolbag? 6. My f________ name is Alan. 7. Brown is my f________ name. 8. L________! A nice bird is in the tree. 9. This is a little boy. H________ is Tom. 10. Five and two is s________. 二、阅读理解 Hello, everyone! My name is Zhang Wei. I am 12 years old. I have two good friends in my new school. They are Tom and Linda. Tom is from Canada. He is 12, too. He likes playing the guitar and he has many hobbies. Linda is from England. She is 13. She likes reading and drawing. We often play and study together. We get to know each other well. We are in the same grade but different classes. 1. How many good friends does Zhang Wei have? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four 2. Where is Tom from? A. China B. England C. Canada D. America 3. What does Linda like doing? A. Playing guitar B. Reading and drawing C. Playing basketball D. Singing 4. Are they in the same class? A. Yes, they are B. No, they aren’t C. Yes, they do D. No, they don’t 5. How old is Linda? A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14 三、任务型阅读 My name is Grace. I’m a student from No.1 Middle School. I have a good friend. His name is Paul. His full name is Paul Green. His first name is Paul and his last name is Green. He is 12 years old. He likes making new friends. He is good at playing the piano. We often help each other at school. 1. What’s Grace’s friend’s full name? 2. Is Paul a 13-year-old boy? 3. What is Paul good at doing? 四、中英互译 1. 我是露西，我来自英国，我是一名初一学生。 2. 我和我的好朋友在同一个年级。 3. They are my teachers and classmates. 4. My friend likes making friends with new students. 5. 他的爱好是弹吉他和读书。 参考答案 一、单词填空 1. Her 2. his 3. am 4. meet 5. color 6. first 7. family 8. Look 9. He 10. seven 二、阅读理解 1-5: BCBBC 三、任务型阅读 1. His full name is Paul Green. 2. No, he isn’t. 3. He is good at playing the piano. 四、中英互译 1. I am Lucy. I come from England and I am a Grade Seven student. 2. My good friend and I are in the same grade. 3. 他们是我的老师和同学。 4. 我的朋友喜欢和新同学交朋友。 5. His hobbies are playing the guitar and reading books. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 七年级上册Unit 1 You and me 知识点讲解 单元核心知识点精讲 知识点1：make friends 交朋友 讲解：make为实义动词，可表示“制作、使得”，核心句式make sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）。单元重点短语make friends with sb. 表示“与某人交朋友”，为固定搭配，短语中friend必须使用复数形式，属于高频交际考点。 例题：根据汉语提示完成句子：我们应该主动和新同学交朋友。 We should take the initiative to ________ ________ ________ new classmates. 答案：make friends with 解析：本题考查固定短语搭配，make friends with sb.为固定用法，情态动词should后接动词原形。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Linda is kind and she likes ______ new friends at school. A. make B. making C. makes D. to making 【巩固练习2】：改错：He wants make friends with me.（写出正确句子） 知识点2：know 认识；了解；知道 讲解：know是常用实义动词，含义为知道、认识、熟知。动词变形：三单knows、过去式knew、现在分词knowing。固定搭配get to know，侧重循序渐进地认识、了解人或事物，强调过程变化。 例题：翻译句子：我们可以在相处中互相了解。________________________ 答案：We can get to know each other in getting along. 解析：本题考查核心短语get to know（了解、认识），each other为固定搭配“互相”，贴合句意。 【巩固练习1】：用所给词的适当形式填空：She ______ (know) my elder sister very well. 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：You will ______ more about your classmates after the trip. A. get to know B. know about C. know of D. know for 知识点3：each 每个；各自 讲解：each可作形容词和代词，多用于指代单数人或事物。作形容词可直接修饰单数可数名词；作代词可在句中作主语、宾语、同位语，重点强调群体中的每一个独立个体。 例题：单项选择：______ student in our class has a new English book. A. Each B. All C. Every D. One 答案：A 解析：空格后为单数名词student，each可直接修饰单数名词，all后接复数名词，every不单独用于此类句式，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：句型转换：Each of them has a pencil.（改为同义句）They ______ ______ a pencil. 【巩固练习2】：根据句意填空：On ______ side of the street, there are green trees. 知识点4：another/other/the other/others 词义辨析 讲解：四个词汇均表示“另外的、其他的”，是初中易混考点。another用于三者及以上的另一个；other泛指其他的，常修饰复数名词；the other特指两者中的另一个；others为代词，泛指其他人或物，相当于other+复数名词。 例题：单项选择：I don’t like this pen. Please show me ______ one. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 答案：B 解析：本题指众多钢笔中的另一个，属于三者及以上范围，用another修饰单数名词one。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：I have two sisters. One is a teacher, ______ is a nurse. A. another B. the other C. other D. others 【巩固练习2】：用others/other填空：Some students are reading, ______ are writing. We have many ______ activities after class. 知识点5：full & fill 词汇辨析与搭配 讲解：full是形容词，表“满的”，侧重静态状态，核心搭配full name（全名）、be full of（充满）；fill是及物动词，表“填满”，侧重动态动作，固定搭配fill...with...（用……填满），be full of与be filled with可同义互换。 例题：单项选择：The room is ______ toys and books. A. full of B. fill with C. full with D. fill of 答案：A 解析：固定搭配be full of（充满），无be full with、fill of此类用法，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：用fill/full填空：Please ______ the bottle with water. The bottle is ______ of water now. 【巩固练习2】：翻译：请问可以告诉我你的全名吗？________________________ 知识点6：姓名类专有名词 讲解：英文姓名结构与中文相反，first name/given name意为“名”，last name/family name意为“姓氏”，full name指代完整姓名。该知识点常用于情景问答、句型转换题型。 例题：句型转换：My full name is Wang Hao.（对划线部分提问）______ ______ full name? 答案：What's your 解析：对姓名提问用特殊疑问词what，人称对应转换为your，be动词用is。 【巩固练习1】：根据句意填空：In English, Tom is my ______ name and Green is my ______ name. 【巩固练习2】：判断正误并改错：My family name is Li Ming.（ ）________ 知识点7：mistake 错误；误会 讲解：mistake兼具名词和动词词性，名词表“错误、过失”，复数为mistakes；动词表“误解、弄错”。单元核心固定搭配：make a mistake/make mistakes（犯错误）、by mistake（错误地、无意地）。 例题：根据汉语提示填空：I took her pen ______ ______ (错误地) just now. 答案：by mistake 解析：by mistake为固定副词短语，在句中作状语，侧重无心、无意犯错。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Don’t be afraid to ______ ______ in your study. A. make mistake B. make mistakes C. do mistakes D. do mistake 【巩固练习2】：用所给词适当形式填空：He often makes small ______ (mistake) in homework. 知识点8：country 国家；乡村 讲解：country名词，有两层核心含义，一是“国家”，二是“乡村、乡下”；复数形式为countries。其衍生词countryside专指“农村地区”，无复数变形。 例题：单项选择：China is a beautiful ______ with a long history. A. countryside B. country C. countries D. village 答案：B 解析：句意：中国是一个历史悠久的美丽国家。单数a后接单数名词country，countryside特指乡村，不符合题意。 【巩固练习1】：用所给词适当形式填空：Many different ______ (country) take part in the game. 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：She likes living in the ______ because the air is fresh. A. country B. city C. school D. town 知识点9：same 相同的 讲解：same可作形容词和代词，意为“相同的、同样的人/事物”，反义词为different。核心固定搭配：be the same as（与……相同）、at the same time（同时），使用时same前通常必须加定冠词the。 例题：单项选择：Her bag is ______ same as mine. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案：C 解析：固定搭配be the same as，same前必须加定冠词the，为必考语法点。 【巩固练习1】：翻译：你的书包和我的一样。________________________ 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：We finished our homework ______ the same time. A. in B. on C. at D. for 知识点10：both 两者都 讲解：both可作代词和形容词，特指“两者、双方”，核心句型both…and…表示“两者都……”，可连接名词、形容词、动词等。连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。反义词为neither（两者都不）。 例题：用所给词适当形式填空：Both Lucy and Lily ______ (like) singing. 答案：like 解析：both…and…连接两个主语，谓语动词使用复数原形。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：______ English and math are important subjects. A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：—Do you like basketball or football? —______. I like them two. A. All B. None C. Both D. Every 知识点11：a lot / a lot of 辨析 讲解：a lot of = lots of，为形容词短语，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，表“许多”；a lot为副词短语，修饰动词、形容词比较级，表“非常、很多”，后面不接名词。 例题：单项选择：He helps me ______ in my daily life. A. a lot of B. lots of C. a lot D. lot of 答案：C 解析：此处修饰动词helps，需用副词短语a lot，其余选项后必须接名词。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：There are ______ flowers in the garden. A. a lot B. lots of C. a lots of D. lot 【巩固练习2】：完成句子：她非常喜欢画画。She likes drawing ______ ______. 知识点12：play 球类/乐器用法 讲解：play用法分为两类：1. 后接球类、棋牌、游戏名词，零冠词，即play basketball/play chess；2. 后接乐器名词，必须加定冠词the，即play the guitar/play the piano。同时拓展常用短语：play with sb.（和某人玩耍）、play with sth.（玩弄某物）。 例题：单项选择：He likes playing ______ guitar in his free time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案：C 解析：乐器名词前必须加定冠词the。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：My brother often plays ______ basketball after school. A. the B. a C. / D. an 【巩固练习2】：用正确形式填空：She wants ______ (play) the piano on stage. 知识点13：post 邮政；邮寄 讲解：post可作名词和动词，名词意为“邮政、邮件”（不可数）；动词意为“邮寄、发布”。衍生词汇：post office（邮局）、postman（邮递员）、postcard（明信片），均为单元高频词汇。 例题：单项选择：I will ______ a letter to my pen pal this afternoon. A. post B. posts C. posting D. posted 答案：A 解析：will后接动词原形，故选post。 【巩固练习1】：根据句意填空：I buy a beautiful ______ (明信片) for my teacher. 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：My father works in a ______. He is a postman. A. hospital B. post office C. school D. shop 知识点14：would 情态动词用法 讲解：would为will的过去式，可表意愿、委婉请求。核心搭配：would like to do sth.（想要做某事）、would rather do sth.（宁愿做某事），是情景交际高频考点。 例题：单项选择：Would you like ______ swimming with me? A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 答案：C 解析：固定搭配would like to do sth.，后接动词不定式。 【巩固练习1】：完成句子：我宁愿在家看书。I ______ ______ read books at home. 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：—Would you like some juice? —______. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, please D. No, I’m not 知识点15：information/message/news 辨析 讲解：三者均表信息、消息。information泛指各类资讯，不可数；message指口头、书面留言，可数；news指新闻媒体报道的时事新闻，不可数。搭配：a piece of information/news，a message。 例题：单项选择：We can get lots of ______ on the Internet. A. information B. informations C. message D. newses 答案：A 解析：information和news均为不可数名词，无复数；message为可数名词，lots of后需复数，故选A。 【巩固练习1】：单项选择：Can you take a ______ for me? A. news B. information C. message D. book 【巩固练习2】：填空：There is a piece of ______ (新闻) on TV. 知识点16：hobby 爱好 讲解：hobby为可数名词，意为“业余爱好”，复数形式为hobbies（变y为i加es）。常用句型：One’s hobby is doing sth.（某人的爱好是做某事）。 例题：单项选择：Her ______ are reading and drawing. A. hobby B. hobbies C. hobbyes D. habbies 答案：B 解析：be动词为are，主语需用复数，hobby复数为hobbies。 【巩固练习1】：仿写句子：他的爱好是种花。________________________ 【巩固练习2】：仿写句子：他的爱好是徒步旅行。________________________ 核心语法：人称代词与物主代词 人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用于句首作主语（动作发出者），宾格用于动词、介词后作宾语（动作承受者）；形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，用来修饰名词，表示所属关系，不可单独使用。 人称代词对照表 我 你 他 / 她 / 它 我们 你们 他们 主格 I you he/she/it we you they 宾格 me you him/her/it us you them 物主代词对照表 我的 你的 他的 / 她的 / 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs 例题：单项选择：This is ______ pen. ______ is on the desk. A. my; Mine B. mine; My C. I; Mine D. me; My 答案：A 解析：第一空修饰名词pen用形容词性物主代词my；第二空单独作主语用名词性物主代词mine。 【巩固练习1】：用适当代词填空：Let ______ (we) help you. 【巩固练习2】：单项选择：______ is a good student. We all like ______. A. She; she B. Her; her C. She; her D. Her; she 单元综合练习题 一、根据句意及首字母/汉语提示补全单词 1. ________ (她的) brother is a middle school student. 2. What’s ________ (他的) telephone number? 3. I ________ (是) a new student here. 4. Glad to ________ (遇见) you! 5. What ________ (颜色) is your new schoolbag? 6. My f________ name is Alan. 7. Brown is my f________ name. 8. L________! A nice bird is in the tree. 9. This is a little boy. H________ is Tom. 10. Five and two is s________. 二、阅读理解 Hello, everyone! My name is Zhang Wei. I am 12 years old. I have two good friends in my new school. They are Tom and Linda. Tom is from Canada. He is 12, too. He likes playing the guitar and he has many hobbies. Linda is from England. She is 13. She likes reading and drawing. We often play and study together. We get to know each other well. We are in the same grade but different classes. 1. How many good friends does Zhang Wei have? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four 2. Where is Tom from? A. China B. England C. Canada D. America 3. What does Linda like doing? A. Playing guitar B. Reading and drawing C. Playing basketball D. Singing 4. Are they in the same class? A. Yes, they are B. No, they aren’t C. Yes, they do D. No, they don’t 5. How old is Linda? A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14 三、任务型阅读 My name is Grace. I’m a student from No.1 Middle School. I have a good friend. His name is Paul. His full name is Paul Green. His first name is Paul and his last name is Green. He is 12 years old. He likes making new friends. He is good at playing the piano. We often help each other at school. 1. What’s Grace’s friend’s full name? 2. Is Paul a 13-year-old boy? 3. What is Paul good at doing? 四、中英互译 1. 我是露西，我来自英国，我是一名初一学生。 2. 我和我的好朋友在同一个年级。 3. They are my teachers and classmates. 4. My friend likes making friends with new students. 5. 他的爱好是弹吉他和读书。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $