内容正文:
一般现在时Ⅰ
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、概念 1
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态 1
2. 表示现在的状态 1
3. 表示客观事实、普遍真理 1
4. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征 1
二、结构 2
1. 肯定句结构 2
2. 否定句结构 2
3. 一般疑问句结构 2
4. 特殊疑问句结构 2
三、注意事项 3
注意一:be动词要与主语保持一致(主谓一致) 3
注意二:be动词与行为动词不能同时出现 3
注意三:am not没有缩写形式 3
注意四:简略回答中的人称代词 3
四、中考练习题(30道) 3
(一)单项选择(20题) 3
(二)用be动词的适当形式填空(10题) 6
一、概念
一般现在时是英语中最基础、应用最广泛的时态之一,也是中考复习的重点。动词be的一般现在时,主要用于以下情况:
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态
The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。
He is very busy now. 他现在很忙。
2. 表示现在的状态
He is twelve. 他十二岁了。
She is at work. 她在上班。
3. 表示客观事实、普遍真理
There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
The moon moves around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。
4. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
They are very friendly. 他们很友好。
二、结构
be动词的一般现在时有三种形式:am、is、are。其用法口诀为:“我用am,你用are,is连着他她它;单数is,复数are” 。
1. 肯定句结构
主语 + be(am/is/are) + 表语(名词/形容词等)
主语
be动词
例句
I
am
I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
You
are
You are beautiful. 你很美。
He/She/It
is
He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。
We/You/They
are
We are students. 我们是学生。
2. 否定句结构
主语 + be(am/is/are) + not + 表语
I am not hungry. 我不饿。
He is not a worker. 他不是工人。
You aren't beautiful. 你不美。
注意简写形式: is not = isn't,are not = aren't,am not没有简写形式。
3. 一般疑问句结构
Be + 主语 + 表语?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 + be.
否定回答:No,主语 + be + not.
—Are you hungry? 你饿吗?
—Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
—Is he a doctor? 他是医生吗?
—Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
4. 特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词 + be开头的一般疑问句?
—What is he? 他是做什么的?
—He is a doctor. 他是医生。
—Where is my bike? 我的自行车在哪里?
三、注意事项
⚠️ 注意一:be动词要与主语保持一致(主谓一致)
be动词的形式必须随主语的人称和数而变化:
· am 只用于第一人称单数 I
· is 用于第三人称单数(he, she, it, 单个名词等)
· are 用于第二人称(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)
✅ I am a teacher.
❌ I is a teacher.
✅ She is a nurse.
❌ She are a nurse.
⚠️ 注意二:be动词与行为动词不能同时出现
这是中考常见错误。英语中be表状态,do表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在一个简单句中。
❌ We are plant the trees in spring.
✅ We plant the trees in spring.
口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be、do不能放一起。”
⚠️ 注意三:am not没有缩写形式
✅ I am not a teacher.
❌ I amn't a teacher.
⚠️ 注意四:简略回答中的人称代词
在简略回答中,主语必须使用代词:
—Is your mother a doctor?
—Yes, she is.(不能说 Yes, my mother is.)
四、中考练习题(30道)
(一)单项选择(20题)
1. I ______ a student. My parents ______ teachers.
A. am; are B. is; are C. am; is D. are; are
【答案】A
【解析】主语I用am;parents是复数,用are。
2. She ______ very beautiful.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】主语She是第三人称单数,be动词用is。
3. They ______ in the classroom now.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】主语They是第三人称复数,be动词用are。
4. —______ you from China? —Yes, I ______.
A. Are; am B. Is; am C. Are; is D. Is; are
【答案】A
【解析】主语you用are;回答中I用am。
5. My brother ______ a doctor. He ______ very busy.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. am; is
【答案】A
【解析】My brother是第三人称单数,两空都用is。
6. The news ______ very interesting.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】news(新闻)是不可数名词,视为单数,用is。
7. There ______ a book and two pens on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】there be句型遵循“就近原则”——靠近be动词的主语是a book(单数),故用is。
8. There ______ two pens and a book on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】there be句型就近原则——靠近be动词的主语是two pens(复数),故用are。
9. —Is your sister at home? —No, she ______.
A. isn't B. aren't C. am not D. not
【答案】A
【解析】主语she是第三人称单数,否定用isn't。
10. We ______ happy today.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】主语We是第一人称复数,用are。
11. The flowers in the garden ______ very beautiful.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】主语The flowers是复数,用are。
12. I ______ not a teacher. I ______ a student.
A. am; am B. is; is C. are; am D. am; is
【答案】A
【解析】主语I两处都用am。
13. —What ______ your name? —My name ______ Tom.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; am D. are; are
【答案】A
【解析】name是单数名词,两处都用is。
14. My father and mother ______ both workers.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】My father and mother是两个人,复数主语用are。
15. The water in the river ______ clean.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】主语The water是不可数名词,视为单数,用is。
16. —______ they your friends? —Yes, they ______.
A. Are; are B. Is; is C. Are; am D. Is; are
【答案】A
【解析】主语they是复数,疑问句用Are;回答中they用are。
17. Everyone in our class ______ very friendly.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】Everyone是不定代词,视为单数,用is。
18. There ______ two people waiting for you outside now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】根据“now”可知用一般现在时;there be句型中be动词取决于其后的名词“two people”(复数),用are。
19. My clothes ______ on the bed.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】clothes(衣服)是复数名词,用are。
20. —______ your parents at home? —No, they ______.
A. Is; isn't B. Are; aren't C. Are; isn't D. Is; aren't
【答案】B
【解析】parents是复数,疑问句用Are;否定回答用aren't。
(二)用be动词的适当形式填空(10题)
21. I ______ a middle school student.
【答案】am
【解析】主语I用am。
22. She ______ from England.
【答案】is
【解析】主语She是第三人称单数,用is。
23. We ______ in the same class.
【答案】are
【解析】主语We是复数,用are。
24. The cake ______ very delicious.
【答案】is
【解析】The cake是单数,用is。
25. You ______ so kind to me.
【答案】are
【解析】主语You用are。
26. My sisters ______ both nurses.
【答案】are
【解析】sisters是复数,用are。
27. There ______ some milk in the glass.
【答案】is
【解析】milk是不可数名词,视为单数;there be句型中be动词由后面的名词决定,用is。
28. —______ you free this afternoon? —Yes, I ______.
【答案】Are;am
【解析】主语you用Are;回答中I用am。
29. The moon ______ bright tonight.
【答案】is
【解析】The moon是单数,用is。
30. His parents ______ not at home now.
【答案】are
【解析】parents是复数,用are。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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一般现在时Ⅰ
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、概念 1
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态 1
2. 表示现在的状态 2
3. 表示客观事实、普遍真理 2
4. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征 2
二、结构 2
1. 肯定句结构 2
2. 否定句结构 2
3. 一般疑问句结构 2
4. 特殊疑问句结构 3
三、注意事项 3
注意一:be动词要与主语保持一致(主谓一致) 3
注意二:be动词与行为动词不能同时出现 3
注意三:am not没有缩写形式 3
注意四:简略回答中的人称代词 3
四、中考练习题(30道) 4
(一)单项选择(20题) 4
(二)用be动词的适当形式填空(10题) 5
一、概念
一般现在时是英语中最基础、应用最广泛的时态之一,也是中考复习的重点。动词be的一般现在时,主要用于以下情况:
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态
The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。
He is very busy now. 他现在很忙。
2. 表示现在的状态
He is twelve. 他十二岁了。
She is at work. 她在上班。
3. 表示客观事实、普遍真理
There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
The moon moves around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。
4. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征
I am a student. 我是一名学生。
They are very friendly. 他们很友好。
二、结构
be动词的一般现在时有三种形式:am、is、are。其用法口诀为:“我用am,你用are,is连着他她它;单数is,复数are” 。
1. 肯定句结构
主语 + be(am/is/are) + 表语(名词/形容词等)
主语
be动词
例句
I
am
I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
You
are
You are beautiful. 你很美。
He/She/It
is
He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。
We/You/They
are
We are students. 我们是学生。
2. 否定句结构
主语 + be(am/is/are) + not + 表语
I am not hungry. 我不饿。
He is not a worker. 他不是工人。
You aren't beautiful. 你不美。
注意简写形式: is not = isn't,are not = aren't,am not没有简写形式。
3. 一般疑问句结构
Be + 主语 + 表语?
肯定回答:Yes,主语 + be.
否定回答:No,主语 + be + not.
—Are you hungry? 你饿吗?
—Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
—Is he a doctor? 他是医生吗?
—Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
4. 特殊疑问句结构
特殊疑问词 + be开头的一般疑问句?
—What is he? 他是做什么的?
—He is a doctor. 他是医生。
—Where is my bike? 我的自行车在哪里?
三、注意事项
⚠️ 注意一:be动词要与主语保持一致(主谓一致)
be动词的形式必须随主语的人称和数而变化:
· am 只用于第一人称单数 I
· is 用于第三人称单数(he, she, it, 单个名词等)
· are 用于第二人称(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)
✅ I am a teacher.
❌ I is a teacher.
✅ She is a nurse.
❌ She are a nurse.
⚠️ 注意二:be动词与行为动词不能同时出现
这是中考常见错误。英语中be表状态,do表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在一个简单句中。
❌ We are plant the trees in spring.
✅ We plant the trees in spring.
口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be、do不能放一起。”
⚠️ 注意三:am not没有缩写形式
✅ I am not a teacher.
❌ I amn't a teacher.
⚠️ 注意四:简略回答中的人称代词
在简略回答中,主语必须使用代词:
—Is your mother a doctor?
—Yes, she is.(不能说 Yes, my mother is.)
四、中考练习题(30道)
(一)单项选择(20题)
1. I ______ a student. My parents ______ teachers.
A. am; are B. is; are C. am; is D. are; are
2. She ______ very beautiful.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3. They ______ in the classroom now.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
4. —______ you from China? —Yes, I ______.
A. Are; am B. Is; am C. Are; is D. Is; are
5. My brother ______ a doctor. He ______ very busy.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. am; is
6. The news ______ very interesting.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
7. There ______ a book and two pens on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
8. There ______ two pens and a book on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
9. —Is your sister at home? —No, she ______.
A. isn't B. aren't C. am not D. not
10. We ______ happy today.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
11. The flowers in the garden ______ very beautiful.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
12. I ______ not a teacher. I ______ a student.
A. am; am B. is; is C. are; am D. am; is
13. —What ______ your name? —My name ______ Tom.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; am D. are; are
14. My father and mother ______ both workers.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
15. The water in the river ______ clean.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
16. —______ they your friends? —Yes, they ______.
A. Are; are B. Is; is C. Are; am D. Is; are
17. Everyone in our class ______ very friendly.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
18. There ______ two people waiting for you outside now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
19. My clothes ______ on the bed.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
20. —______ your parents at home? —No, they ______.
A. Is; isn't B. Are; aren't C. Are; isn't D. Is; aren't
(二)用be动词的适当形式填空(10题)
21. I ______ a middle school student.
22. She ______ from England.
23. We ______ in the same class.
24. The cake ______ very delicious.
25. You ______ so kind to me.
26. My sisters ______ both nurses.
27. There ______ some milk in the glass.
28. —______ you free this afternoon? —Yes, I ______.
29. The moon ______ bright tonight.
30. His parents ______ not at home now.
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