精品解析：北京市第四中学2025-2026学年度八年级阶段学情自测英语

英语试卷 考生须知： 1.本试卷共12页，共八道大题，59道小题，满分100分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名和学号。 3.答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色宇迹签字笔作答。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听后选择（每题1.5分，共12分） 听下面四段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听对话，回答以下各小题。 1. How long has the man been a writer? A. For two years. B. For five years. C. For ten years. 2. What will the man write about in his next book? A. His readers’ stories. B. His favorite books. C. His life as a writer. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 3. Why is the girl sad? A. Because she was late for the competition. B. Because she did poorly in the competition. C. Because she gave up during the competition. 4. What can we know about the boy? A. He is kind and willing to offer help. B. He won the first prize with a model car. C. He will be strict about their next project. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 5. What did the team do when a member got hurt? A. They left him behind. B. They called for help at once. C. They took turns helping him. 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a mountain. B. On a TV show. C. In a hospital. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 7. What can we learn from the talk? A. The visit lasts from 1 pm to 4 pm. B. The visit starts with some board games. C. Volunteers will learn to sing for the visit. 8. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To share personal experience at the nursing home. B. To encourage more volunteers to join in the activity. C. To provide information and guide for the volunteers. 二、听后填空（每题2分，共8分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求，在相应的横线上写下第1题至第4题的关键信息。这段独白你将听两遍。 Career Day 1. Who can join: Grade Eight students 2. When and where: at 2 pm 1 in the school hall 3. What to do Activity 1 join a role-play game: 2 different jobs Activity 2 visit career stations: try various 3 Activity 3 listen to a speech: find out 4 for the future 知识运用（共22分） 三、单项填空（每题1分，共12分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Jake, could you please pass ________ the brush? —Here you are. A. I B. my C. mine D. me 2. My best friend will move to Shanghai ________ September this year. A. in B. at C. on D. by 3. I love reading, ________ I don’t have time for it. A. so B. but C. or D. for 4. —Mom, may I do my homework with the help of AI? —No, you ________. You should do it by yourself. A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t 5. Going hiking with friends is much ________ than staying at home alone. A. interesting B. the most interesting C. most interesting D. more interesting 6. —________ will you be ready for the presentation? —In ten minutes. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far 7. —Where is Tom? I want to have a word with him. —He ________ a science project in the lab. He’s been there since this morning. A. does B. did C. will do D. is doing 8. Sam ________ his arm in the basketball match yesterday. A. breaks B. will break C. broke D. has broken 9. Humans ________ amazing progress in space exploration in the past twenty years. A. make B. are making C. have made D. will make 10. My father will take me to the museum if he ________ free this weekend. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been 11. I ________ my homework when my friend called last night. A. did B. have done C. am doing D. was doing 12. More new libraries ________ in our city in the near future. A. build B. will be built C. will build D. are building 四、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 One day after school, Mom told me that I had to stay with Grandpa for the afternoon. “What? Can I stay with Dad?” “He’s out of town.” Mom replied. “I can’t stay with Grandpa that long. He doesn’t even like me.” I ____13____ with her. “Oh, Joey, of course he likes you. Grandpa is just sad since Grandma died. Besides, it’s not going to kill you to stay with him for a couple of hours.” I knew after she said that, the conversation was over. We drove straight to Grandpa’s in ____14____ silence. Grandpa’s apartment was quiet. He sat in front of the TV, staring at the screen. Mom said, “Dad, we’re here. Joey has some ____15____ to do. I’m heading to the supermarket. Do you need anything?” Grandpa shook his head, his eyes fixed on TV. Mom gave me a kiss on cheek. “I’ll be back soon,” she whispered. I didn’t answer. I just shot her a ____16____. Left alone, I pulled out my math homework. Ten minutes later, Grandpa turned off the TV and began to read a magazine. We looked up to each other every now and then but didn’t say anything. I tried to spend a long time on my homework, but for once there wasn’t much to do. It only took me 20 minutes. “Done?” Grandpa asked when he saw me ____17____ up. “Uh-huh,” I answered. “Want to learn chess?” he said, pointing to a wooden box under the couch. “Sure,” I replied with a shrug. Grandpa took out the chess set and ____18____ it on the table. “First, the pawns,” he said, picking up a small piece. “They move straight, one square at a time. On their first move, they can go two squares.” He then showed me the king, the queen, the bishop, the knight and the rook one by one. We began to practice. I was surprised how ____19____ Grandpa was. Whenever I made a wrong move, he just corrected me and had me try again. Finally, he smiled and said, “Now we’re ready to play.” In the first game, Grandpa talked after every move. He explained what was going on, what the possible moves were, and did and didn’t make sense to do. I was confused by how ____20____ everything was—how each move opened a bunch of possibilities, but it was hard for me to keep track of everything. Just when I thought I had made a good move, Grandpa would take one of my pieces. After a while, my king had nowhere to go—and he won. “Now you know how to play. Let’s play for ____21____. This time, I’m not going to go easy on you.” We kept on playing. I started to watch Grandpa closely, noticing how he planned his moves. He never gave away anything with his expressions. I couldn’t tell if he was about to ____22____ me off. I was losing game after game, but it took Grandpa a little longer to win each time. When Mom came back, she found us laughing over the chessboard. “Thanks for the chess lesson, Grandpa,” I said as we left. “Maybe we can play again sometime.” Grandpa looked up at me and replied, “Sounds good.” Then he smiled. It was the first time I saw Grandpa smile so brightly. 13. A. agreed B. talked C. argued D. fought 14. A. peaceful B. uncomfortable C. impolite D. relaxing 15. A. projects B. homework C. activities D. volunteering 16. A. message B. question C. look D. smile 17. A. packing B. staying C. giving D. dressing 18. A. threw B. spread C. balanced D. placed 19. A. confident B. strict C. patient D. difficult 20. A. connected B. organized C. worrying D. challenging 21. A. pride B. real C. time D. fun 22. A. rush B. see C. send D. finish 阅读理解（共40分） 五、阅读理解（每题2分，共32分） A 阅读下列俱乐部介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最合适的俱乐部，并将俱乐部所对应的选项A、B、C、D填写在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 ___23___ Tony is an outgoing boy. He enjoys playing basketball because he thinks teamwork makes him a better man. He wants to be a professional player in the future. ___24___ Alice is from England. She wants to learn more about Chinese dishes and would like to cook traditional Chinese cuisine in England when she grows up. ___25___ Harry thinks healthcare workers are great because saving people’s lives is the best thing in the world. He is ready to make preparations for this career. A. Welcome to the Future Chef Club! If you are interested in cooking delicious food, the chef club is suitable for you. We will learn to make tasty food and practice kitchen skills together. It’s fun and creative. Let’s explore this career together! B. Are you often lost in painting? If the answer is yes, the Future Artist Club is perfect for you. You can learn to use different painting tools and practice art techniques. It’s interesting and relaxing to create beautiful artwork by yourself. Come and join us! C. If you are a sports lover, the Future Sportsman Club is ideal for you. We will focus on teamwork, health education, and playing games to learn rules and strategies. This helps you stay fit, happy, and become a better team player. Take the chance to improve yourself and enjoy an active lifestyle! D. The Future Doctor Club is perfect for students who are interested in healthcare and helping others. We will learn about the human body, first aid techniques, and the importance of medical care. Start your journey with us and make a difference to the world! B Sumi is a single mother, and her daughter Anna has always been called “Number 23” at school because she always ends up in the 23rd position among 50 students, regardless of the subject. Whenever Sumi’s co-workers talked about their kids’ piano honors or math Olympiad wins, Sumi would simply sit there, softly nodding, feeling uncomfortable and thinking about Anna and her nickname, Number 23. One day, Sumi and Anna were invited to a get-together. Someone playfully asked the youngsters what they wanted to be when they grew up. “I want to be a pianist!” “I want to be a famous actor!” “I’ll start a business and make tons of money!” One after another, the children talked about their bold dreams. The adults clapped and praised each one. Anna? She smiled and added, “I want to be a kindergarten teacher. I love tiny kids. I love dancing, singing and playing with them.” And suddenly, the whole room just... became quiet. This hit Sumi hard. It was like her heart got caught in her throat. She had done everything to help Anna with school, but nothing had changed. Heartbroken, Sumi stopped pushing her daughter. After a few days, Sumi got a phone call from Anna’s class teacher. The teacher said, “Anna’s grades haven’t changed much — she’s still right in the middle. But I’ve been teaching for 30 years, and I saw something for the first time. We added a bonus question at the end of the exam: Who’s your favorite student in class and why? Almost every single student wrote your daughter’s name.” Sumi was speechless. “They said that she’s kind, she helps others and listens to everyone. Many even recommended her as the class leader. I just wanted to let you know, grades aside, you’re raising a remarkable child. I’m proud of her.” Sumi cried after the call, not because she lost hope, but because of something deeper. She felt relieved and made peace with herself. That afternoon when Anna returned home from school, Sumi kissed her and told her about the phone call. Anna smiled and said, “Mom, I never wanted to be the hero. When heroes walk down the road, everyone claps for them. I want to be the one clapping.” We all want our kids to succeed, to shine, to be number one. But sometimes we forget that being kind, happy, and true to yourself is the actual achievement. Maybe being “Number 23” isn’t that terrible after all. 26. Why did the whole room become quiet after Anna talked about her dream? A. Because Anna was the last one to talk about her dream. B. Because people expected her to be a kindergarten teacher. C. Because Anna spoke too quietly for everyone to hear clearly. D. Because people were surprised at her simple and ordinary dream. 27. What can we learn about Anna in the passage? A. Her behavior in class made her a hero. B. She didn’t like to play with the other kids. C. She was popular in school for her kindness. D. Her grades improved a lot in the latest exam. 28. What does the writer want to tell us? A. You are never too young to start small and dream big. B. Heroes are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. C. You will never know your limit unless you push yourself. D. True success lies in being kind, happy and true to oneself. C In the face of a growing population, we’ve built skyscrapers and deep underground networks, but where do we go next? Some have started to look at the last place we haven’t fully explored—the ocean. Sea-steading, the idea of building a city at sea, is becoming a reality, but many factors need to be considered: how would a floating (漂浮的) city react to a natural disaster such as a hurricane? How would the community grow food or have drinkable water? The first challenge for engineers is finding balance within a structure: it should be strong enough to stay put but also flexible (灵活的) enough to roll when the waves come. Many have focused their attention on designing several small but strong units that can be interlocked together, creating a flexible structure that will float on the surface. This design is inspired by nature’s perfect floating island—tussocks. These plants grow on a carpet of floating roots (the O2 bubbles inside help to keep them above water). They would support each other, stay balanced, and not sink easily. The next challenge is to make sure the floating city is ready to take care of all its own needs out in the open ocean. At their most basic, humans need food and water to survive. An average person needs about 3L water a day, and though these cities will be surrounded by water, the sea is too salty for us to drink. These floating communities will need to use onboard plants to take the salt out of the water. Thanks to genetic modification technology (基因编辑技术), it will be possible to grow vegetables and build fish and shrimp farms in the open water. Electricity is another challenge. We need it to power the homes and businesses. Any project without the land-based electric network needs to find another power source. A leading technology called OTEC produces clean, renewable energy by using the ocean’s natural temperature difference. In 2017, a deal was signed between the French government and a sea-steading organization. They agreed to work together to create a sea zone for companies to build houses. In addition, there are smaller projects throughout the world making floating homes possible for everyone. ▲ , but the challenges will push our creativity and engineering skills to our limits. The dream of living in a floating world may be just around the corner, so kick back and ride the waves towards a new water-borne city. 29. What does the example of tussocks on water tell us? A. Floating islands move with every wave. B. Some plants can survive salty conditions. C. Plants are necessary for floating structures. D. Small units stay strong through connection. 30. What can we learn about the challenges from the passage? A. OTEC makes drinkable water available. B. Modified vegetables can be grown on the sea. C. Temperature difference is practical in fish farming. D. Genetic modification technology solves energy problems. 31. Which of the following can be put in the ▲ in Paragraph 6? A. Sea-based housing brings a promising future B. Building homes on the sea is of no benefit to us C. Hurricanes pose serious challenges to floating cities D. We can’t predict how humans will build into the ocean D When we talk about the past with our grandparents, they often say it was a better time. They think life was simpler and more joyful in their youth, especially when they see old pictures. This common habit is called rosy retrospection. It means we often recall the past as better than the present, even if facts suggest otherwise. For example, a man at a family dinner might miss his carefree 20s, focusing on fun memories while forgetting job-hunting stress. This selective memory distorts reality, painting the past as “rosy” compared to today’s news of global issues or daily pressures. This bias (偏见) influences both individuals and society. Positively, it can help improve well-being. Studies show people often remember tough experiences, like a long bike trip, as more enjoyable later, helping them feel proud of overcoming challenges. Recalling happy memories even helps lower stress when facing new difficulties. However, rosy retrospection isn’t always helpful. It can lead to declinism—the belief that society is worsening. If we view the past through rose-colored glasses, we may not see how things have improved, like better technology or medical advances, and may be afraid of changes. It also harms decision-making: a person might forget a past beach sunburn and skip sunscreen again, risking the pain. Our brains favor positive memories. Young adulthood is a “reminiscence bump”—a time of strong emotions and big life events, like landing the first job and getting married. These memories feel lively, so they last longer. Negative memories fade faster: we remember a fun party more clearly than a boring meeting, making the past seem brighter. To avoid over-idealizing the past, question your memories. Before complaining that old cartoons were better, ask yourself: Were the cartoons truly better, or were you just happier as a child watching them? Old photos only show good times, not past struggles. Recognizing the gaps helps us keep a clearer view of the past and present. So, was life really better back then? Maybe not. By remembering the full picture—both the joy and the hardship—we can appreciate yesterday without losing sight of today. 32. Which of the following is an example of rosy retrospection? A. Tom says the school camping trip was perfect even though it rained hard. B. Lucy thinks her life now is much happier than it was in her primary school. C. Lily still feels bad about arguing with her friend in the playground last term. D. Mike misses his old classmates because they study in different schools now. 33. The word “distorts” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A. proves B. changes C. follows D. mirrors 34. What can we learn from the passage? A. Declinism helps people accept social progress and change. B. Positive memories can free people from stress and struggle. C. Memory biases like rosy retrospection may lead to bad decisions. D. Teenagers should stop recalling their past experiences immediately. 35. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Why do old photos always lie to us? B. Can we really forget the bad memories? C. Why do we view the past more brightly? D. Does living in the past always bring risks? E Mrs. Fay went to the hospital for some regular health checks. She had a heart problem called tricuspid stenosis (三尖瓣狭窄), which wasn’t seen as very dangerous. Dr. Lown examined her and found nothing unusual. Later, a group of trainee doctors came to see her. During their visit, Dr. Lown mentioned in front of everyone, including Mrs. Fay, that she had TS. In medical terms, TS stands for tricuspid stenosis, but Mrs. Fay thought it meant “terminal situation,” which she took to mean she was dying. After hearing this, Mrs. Fay started showing signs of serious heart failure. It seemed she believed she was going to die without even thinking about it. Dr. Lown tried to explain the mistake, but Mrs. Fay didn’t listen. She grew sicker very quickly and died later that same day. Mrs. Fay’s story is a real example of the nocebo effect. Nocebo means “I shall harm”—it shows how negative thoughts, feelings, and emotions can produce negative outcomes. We can only accept, believe and surrender (投降) to thoughts and ideas that match our present emotional state. When we do, our body’s nervous system produces the exact amount of chemicals that can either help us or hurt us. This idea is called suggestibility—when we accept beliefs without questioning them. The less we analyze (分析), the more suggestible we become. Our analytical mind acts like a gatekeeper, deciding which thoughts reach our deeper automatic (自动的) system. This automatic system controls things like body temperature, digestion, blood sugar and heart rate. When Mrs. Fay heard “TS”, she accepted the thought that she was dying without analysis. The idea moved from her thinking mind, past her gatekeeper into her automatic system, which then worked against her and led to physical failure. Her own thoughts and feelings became harmful. The nocebo effect is not always limited to causing harm. In 1962, a group of researchers in Japan worked with 13 children who were seriously allergic (过敏的) to poison ivy. The researchers rubbed a harmless leaf on the forearm of each child but claimed it was poison ivy. They rubbed the other forearm with poison ivy but said it was something else. The results were surprising. All the children got a rash (皮疹) on the arm touched with the harmless leaf, but 11 out of 13 didn’t get a rash on the arm touched with poison ivy. The children changed what was expected to happen. Their new experience wasn’t controlled by past experiences. As soon as they accepted, believed, and didn’t question that the leaf was safe or dangerous, their level of suggestibility changed how their bodies reacted. We could say that the thought of the poison ivy being safe was stronger than actually touching the leaf, and the other way around. The good news is, if our minds can make us sick, they can also help us heal. If we truly believe in the good feelings and don’t doubt them, we can retrain our bodies to follow this new and positive mind. 36. What do we know about Mrs. Fay’s story? A. The trainee doctors found something wrong. B. She died of a serious heart problem called TS. C. Her thought of dying worsened her condition. D. Dr. Lown made a mistake that led to her death. 37. What does “the 13 children allergic to poison ivy” experiment prove? A. Past experiences often guide future reactions. B. Suggestibility can reshape expected outcomes. C. The nocebo effect supports and produces suggestibility. D. Poison ivy causes physical response to those who are allergic. 38. What is the writer trying to tell us? A. Recognizing health condition is hard due to many factors. B. We have the choice to turn harmful beliefs into helpful ones. C. The thinking and automatic minds often work against each other. D. Health problems can be treated with suggestibility and nocebo effect. 六、阅读表达（每题2分，共8分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 China’s Cyber Security Centre has given out a second warning about OpenClaw, an AI tool that is becoming very popular across the country. While many local governments and tech companies are rushing to use it, experts say if it is used wrongly, it can lead to serious security problems. The warnings highlight the growing pressure between the strong wish for new technology and the need to protect private information. What is OpenClaw? OpenClaw was created by Austrian developer Peter Steinberger late last year. It is an AI that can carry out tasks for users, such as replying to emails and writing work reports. It acts like a digital secretary that works 24 hours a day without human help. Users simply give it instructions, and the AI deals with the rest, saving people valuable time and effort in their busy schedules. What are the dangers? The tool brings two main risks. First is hacking. Hackers trick the AI into stealing users’ passwords. Second is operational (操作的) mistakes, because the AI might cross out important files by accident and cause huge data loss. These risks are especially worrying for businesses and government offices. Why is it still popular? Although there are the warnings, OpenClaw remains a hit across China. Big tech companies like Alibaba Cloud, ByteDance, and Tencent are competing to offer easy access (路径) to it. Tencent even started “QClaw” specially for WeChat and QQ users, making it very convenient for millions of people. What’s more, local governments in cities like Shenzhen and Foshan actively support its use with subsidies (补贴) and free downloading services, hoping to increase local tech development. What should users do? China’s Cyber Security Centre advises users to check settings carefully and turn off unnecessary public access to reduce risks. Education about safe usage is also important. While new AI tools bring great convenience to people’s work and daily life, it is important for everyone to pay close attention to their possible dangers. Staying informed and watchful is the key to safely using this powerful technology. 39. What can OpenClaw do for users? ___________________________________________________ 40. What are the two main risks of OpenClaw? ___________________________________________________ 41. What advice does China’s Cyber Security Centre give to OpenClaw users? ___________________________________________________ 42. Do you think OpenClaw is a useful tool? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________ 书面表达（共18分） 七、完成句子（每小题2分，共8分） 43. 英语演讲比赛将于下周举行。（hold）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 44. 她太害羞了，不敢在全班面前讲话。（too ... to ...）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 45. 谢谢您帮我解决这个问题。(thank sb. for) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 46. 每一位团队成员都应该承担责任。(should) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 八、文段写作 （共10分） 47. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 在学习和生活中，我们常常需要与他人合作完成任务。一次难忘的团队合作经历，不仅能让我们感受到集体的力量，也能帮助我们更好地认识自己与他人的长处。某英文网站正在开展以“The Power of Teamwork”为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，描述你的一次团队合作经历，介绍你是如何与队友共同协作的，并谈谈你的收获。 提示词语： task, discuss, improve, strength, proud 内容提示：· What was your teamwork experience? What have you learned from the experience? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语试卷 考生须知： 1.本试卷共12页，共八道大题，59道小题，满分100分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名和学号。 3.答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色宇迹签字笔作答。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听后选择（每题1.5分，共12分） 听下面四段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听对话，回答以下各小题。 1. How long has the man been a writer? A. For two years. B. For five years. C. For ten years. 2. What will the man write about in his next book? A. His readers’ stories. B. His favorite books. C. His life as a writer. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 3. Why is the girl sad? A. Because she was late for the competition. B. Because she did poorly in the competition. C. Because she gave up during the competition. 4. What can we know about the boy? A. He is kind and willing to offer help. B. He won the first prize with a model car. C. He will be strict about their next project. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 5. What did the team do when a member got hurt? A. They left him behind. B. They called for help at once. C. They took turns helping him. 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a mountain. B. On a TV show. C. In a hospital. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 7. What can we learn from the talk? A. The visit lasts from 1 pm to 4 pm. B. The visit starts with some board games. C. Volunteers will learn to sing for the visit. 8. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To share personal experience at the nursing home. B. To encourage more volunteers to join in the activity. C. To provide information and guide for the volunteers. 二、听后填空（每题2分，共8分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求，在相应的横线上写下第1题至第4题的关键信息。这段独白你将听两遍。 Career Day 1. Who can join: Grade Eight students 2. When and where: at 2 pm 1 in the school hall 3. What to do Activity 1 join a role-play game: 2 different jobs Activity 2 visit career stations: try various 3 Activity 3 listen to a speech: find out 4 for the future 知识运用（共22分） 三、单项填空（每题1分，共12分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Jake, could you please pass ________ the brush? —Here you are. A. I B. my C. mine D. me 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——杰克，请把刷子递给我好吗？——给你。 I我，人称代词的主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，人称代词的宾格。pass是动词，后接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，应用me。 2. My best friend will move to Shanghai ________ September this year. A. in B. at C. on D. by 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友今年将在九月搬去上海。 in在……里；at在……；on在……上；by到……为止。根据空后“September”可知，此处表示在九月，月份前应用介词in。 3. I love reading, ________ I don’t have time for it. A. so B. but C. or D. for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我喜欢阅读，但是我没有时间去做它。 so所以；but但是；or或者；for因为。根据前半句“I love reading”表示喜欢阅读，后半句“I don’t have time for it”表示没有时间，前后句意存在转折关系，应填连词but。 4. —Mom, may I do my homework with the help of AI? —No, you ________. You should do it by yourself. A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以在人工智能的帮助下做作业吗？——不，你千万不能。你应该自己做。 don’t have to不必；mustn’t禁止，千万不能；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能。根据“No”及“You should do it by yourself.”可知，妈妈不允许孩子借助AI，表示禁止，应用mustn’t。 5. Going hiking with friends is much ________ than staying at home alone. A. interesting B. the most interesting C. most interesting D. more interesting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：和朋友一起去远足比独自待在家里有趣得多。 interesting有趣的；the most interesting最有趣的；most interesting最有趣的；more interesting更有趣的。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，应用形容词的比较级；much常用来修饰比较级，表示程度加深。interesting是多音节形容词，其比较级是在前面加more构成，A项为原级，B、C 项为最高级形式。故填more interesting。 6. —________ will you be ready for the presentation? —In ten minutes. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你多久以后能准备好演讲？——十分钟后。 How soon多久以后；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答语“In ten minutes.”可知，此处是对将来多长时间以后进行提问，应填How soon。 7. —Where is Tom? I want to have a word with him. —He ________ a science project in the lab. He’s been there since this morning. A. does B. did C. will do D. is doing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆在哪里？我想和他谈谈。——他正在实验室做一个科学项目。他从今天早上就一直在那里。 根据问句“Where is Tom?”可知询问现在的状态，结合答语“He’s been there since this morning.”可知汤姆从早上一直在实验室，说明此刻正在那儿，动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。应填is doing。 8. Sam ________ his arm in the basketball match yesterday. A. breaks B. will break C. broke D. has broken 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：萨姆在昨天的篮球比赛中摔断了胳膊。 根据“yesterday”可知，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式broke。 9. Humans ________ amazing progress in space exploration in the past twenty years. A. make B. are making C. have made D. will make 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：人类在过去的二十年里在太空探索方面取得了惊人的进步。 根据时间状语“in the past twenty years”可知，此处用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语Humans是复数，助动词用have。 10. My father will take me to the museum if he ________ free this weekend. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果我爸爸这周末有空，他会带我去博物馆。 本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的时态原则，主句用一般将来时描述将来的动作，从句要用一般现在时表示将来的情况。从句主语he是第三人称单数，应填is。 11. I ________ my homework when my friend called last night. A. did B. have done C. am doing D. was doing 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚当我朋友打电话时，我正在做作业。 根据时间状语“last night”和从句“when my friend called”可知，主句动作发生在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。 12. More new libraries ________ in our city in the near future. A. build B. will be built C. will build D. are building 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在不久的将来，我们城市将建造更多的新图书馆。 根据时间状语“in the near future”可知，句子时态为一般将来时。主语“More new libraries”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时被动语态，所以选will be built。 四、完形填空（每题1分，共10分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 One day after school, Mom told me that I had to stay with Grandpa for the afternoon. “What? Can I stay with Dad?” “He’s out of town.” Mom replied. “I can’t stay with Grandpa that long. He doesn’t even like me.” I ____13____ with her. “Oh, Joey, of course he likes you. Grandpa is just sad since Grandma died. Besides, it’s not going to kill you to stay with him for a couple of hours.” I knew after she said that, the conversation was over. We drove straight to Grandpa’s in ____14____ silence. Grandpa’s apartment was quiet. He sat in front of the TV, staring at the screen. Mom said, “Dad, we’re here. Joey has some ____15____ to do. I’m heading to the supermarket. Do you need anything?” Grandpa shook his head, his eyes fixed on TV. Mom gave me a kiss on cheek. “I’ll be back soon,” she whispered. I didn’t answer. I just shot her a ____16____. Left alone, I pulled out my math homework. Ten minutes later, Grandpa turned off the TV and began to read a magazine. We looked up to each other every now and then but didn’t say anything. I tried to spend a long time on my homework, but for once there wasn’t much to do. It only took me 20 minutes. “Done?” Grandpa asked when he saw me ____17____ up. “Uh-huh,” I answered. “Want to learn chess?” he said, pointing to a wooden box under the couch. “Sure,” I replied with a shrug. Grandpa took out the chess set and ____18____ it on the table. “First, the pawns,” he said, picking up a small piece. “They move straight, one square at a time. On their first move, they can go two squares.” He then showed me the king, the queen, the bishop, the knight and the rook one by one. We began to practice. I was surprised how ____19____ Grandpa was. Whenever I made a wrong move, he just corrected me and had me try again. Finally, he smiled and said, “Now we’re ready to play.” In the first game, Grandpa talked after every move. He explained what was going on, what the possible moves were, and did and didn’t make sense to do. I was confused by how ____20____ everything was—how each move opened a bunch of possibilities, but it was hard for me to keep track of everything. Just when I thought I had made a good move, Grandpa would take one of my pieces. After a while, my king had nowhere to go—and he won. “Now you know how to play. Let’s play for ____21____. This time, I’m not going to go easy on you.” We kept on playing. I started to watch Grandpa closely, noticing how he planned his moves. He never gave away anything with his expressions. I couldn’t tell if he was about to ____22____ me off. I was losing game after game, but it took Grandpa a little longer to win each time. When Mom came back, she found us laughing over the chessboard. “Thanks for the chess lesson, Grandpa,” I said as we left. “Maybe we can play again sometime.” Grandpa looked up at me and replied, “Sounds good.” Then he smiled. It was the first time I saw Grandpa smile so brightly. 13. A. agreed B. talked C. argued D. fought 14. A. peaceful B. uncomfortable C. impolite D. relaxing 15. A. projects B. homework C. activities D. volunteering 16. A. message B. question C. look D. smile 17. A. packing B. staying C. giving D. dressing 18. A. threw B. spread C. balanced D. placed 19. A. confident B. strict C. patient D. difficult 20. A. connected B. organized C. worrying D. challenging 21. A. pride B. real C. time D. fun 22. A. rush B. see C. send D. finish 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者Joey起初不情愿去陪爷爷，但在爷爷耐心教他下国际象棋的过程中，两人拉近了距离，度过了愉快的时光，爷爷也露出了久违的笑容。 【13题详解】 句意：“我不能和爷爷待那么久，他甚至都不喜欢我。”我和她争辩起来。 前文Joey明确反对和爷爷待在一起，还说出了自己的顾虑，是在和妈妈争执、辩解。argue with sb.是固定搭配，意为“和某人争论、争辩”，贴合人物的情绪和行为。agreed（同意）和前文反驳的态度完全相反；talked（交谈）体现不出争执的意味；fought（打架）程度过重，不符合母子对话的场景。 【14题详解】 句意：我知道她话说到这份上，再争辩也没用了。我们一路沉默，气氛尴尬地径直开往爷爷家。 Joey心里不情愿，又没法反驳妈妈，一路上心情低落、气氛别扭，这种沉默是令人不自在的。uncomfortable意为“令人不安的、尴尬的”，精准描述了车内的压抑氛围。peaceful（平静的）、relaxing（放松的）和人物情绪不符；impolite（不礼貌的）不能用来形容沉默的氛围。 【15题详解】 句意：爸爸，我们到了。Joey还有些作业要写，我去趟超市。 后文紧接着提到“I pulled out my math homework”，前后呼应，说明妈妈说的是Joey有作业要完成。homework意为“作业”，和后文线索完全对应。projects（项目）、activities（活动）、volunteering（志愿活动）均和后文的数学作业无关。 【16题详解】 句意：我没有答话，只是冷冷地瞥了她一眼。 Joey心里不高兴，又不能反抗，用一个眼神表达自己的不满。shoot sb. a look是固定短语，意为“瞥了某人一眼、瞪了某人一眼”，符合人物的情绪状态。message（信息）、question（问题）、smile（微笑）都和他不情愿、闹别扭的状态不匹配。 【17题详解】 句意：“写完了？”爷爷见我收拾好作业抬起头，开口问道。 前文提到作业不多，20分钟就做完了，做完之后自然是收拾好书本。pack up意为“收拾、整理”，符合写完作业收东西的动作。stay up（熬夜）、give up（放弃）、dress up（打扮）均和场景不符。 【18题详解】 句意：爷爷拿出象棋盒，把棋盘摆在了桌上。 下棋前要先把棋盘放在桌上摆好，place意为“放置、摆放”，动作符合场景逻辑。threw（扔）动作太粗鲁，不符合爷爷的性格；spread（铺开、传播）多用来搭配纸张、消息等；balanced（平衡）语义不通。 【19题详解】 句意：我们开始练习，我惊讶于爷爷居然这么有耐心。 后文补充说明“每次我走错棋，他都只是纠正过来，让我再试一次”，能看出爷爷脾气很好、十分有耐心。patient意为“耐心的”，和后文的描述完全对应。confident（自信的）、strict（严格的）、difficult（困难的）都不符合爷爷温柔指导的形象。 【20题详解】 句意：我被棋局里环环相扣的关联搞晕了——每一步棋都能衍生出很多种走法，我很难理清所有的变化。 破折号后是对前文的解释：每一步棋都会牵动后续的多种可能性，所有走法之间彼此关联、相互影响。connected意为“相关联的、有联系的”，契合棋局步步牵连的特点。organized（有条理的）、worrying（令人担忧的）、challenging（有挑战性的）都不能体现“一步牵动全局、彼此相互影响”的关联关系。 【21题详解】 句意：现在你懂规则了，咱们来认真下一局。这次我可不会让着你了。 第一局爷爷一直在讲解、带作者入门，现在要进入正式对局，不再放水。play for real是常用表达，意为“认真对局、来真的”，和后文“不手下留情”的语境呼应。pride（骄傲）、time（时间）、fun（乐趣）均不符合“从教学转向正式对弈”的语境。 【22题详解】 句意：从他的表情里，我完全看不出他是不是就要将死我了。 finish sb. off 是固定短语，可表示“彻底击败、赢过对方”，这里指下棋时将死对手、拿下对局，符合棋局博弈的场景。rush off（匆忙离开）、see off（送行）、send off（寄出）均和下棋的语境无关。 阅读理解（共40分） 五、阅读理解（每题2分，共32分） A 阅读下列俱乐部介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最合适的俱乐部，并将俱乐部所对应的选项A、B、C、D填写在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 ___23___ Tony is an outgoing boy. He enjoys playing basketball because he thinks teamwork makes him a better man. He wants to be a professional player in the future. ___24___ Alice is from England. She wants to learn more about Chinese dishes and would like to cook traditional Chinese cuisine in England when she grows up. ___25___ Harry thinks healthcare workers are great because saving people’s lives is the best thing in the world. He is ready to make preparations for this career. A. Welcome to the Future Chef Club! If you are interested in cooking delicious food, the chef club is suitable for you. We will learn to make tasty food and practice kitchen skills together. It’s fun and creative. Let’s explore this career together! B. Are you often lost in painting? If the answer is yes, the Future Artist Club is perfect for you. You can learn to use different painting tools and practice art techniques. It’s interesting and relaxing to create beautiful artwork by yourself. Come and join us! C. If you are a sports lover, the Future Sportsman Club is ideal for you. We will focus on teamwork, health education, and playing games to learn rules and strategies. This helps you stay fit, happy, and become a better team player. Take the chance to improve yourself and enjoy an active lifestyle! D. The Future Doctor Club is perfect for students who are interested in healthcare and helping others. We will learn about the human body, first aid techniques, and the importance of medical care. Start your journey with us and make a difference to the world! 【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，给出4个特色兴趣俱乐部介绍，结合三位学生的爱好、理想职业需求匹配对应俱乐部。 【23题详解】 Tony的需求：“He wants to be a professional player in the future”，C俱乐部是未来运动员俱乐部，“If you are a sports lover, the Future Sportsman Club is ideal for you. ”，它侧重团队协作、运动训练，适合热爱体育、想走职业运动员道路的Tony，完全匹配他打篮球、重视团队合作的需求。 【24题详解】 Alice的需求：“She wants to learn more about Chinese dishes and would like to cook traditional Chinese cuisine in England”，A俱乐部是未来厨师俱乐部，“If you are interested in cooking delicious food, the chef club is suitable for you.”，这个俱乐部主打学习制作美食、练习厨房技能，契合Alice学习中餐、未来从事烹饪的目标。 【25题详解】 Harry的需求：“Harry thinks healthcare workers are great because saving people’s lives is the best thing in the world. ”。 D俱乐部是未来医生俱乐部，“The Future Doctor Club is perfect for students who are interested in healthcare and helping others.”，它面向对医疗护理、帮助他人感兴趣的学生，学习人体知识、急救技能，匹配Harry想从事医疗行业的需求。 B Sumi is a single mother, and her daughter Anna has always been called “Number 23” at school because she always ends up in the 23rd position among 50 students, regardless of the subject. Whenever Sumi’s co-workers talked about their kids’ piano honors or math Olympiad wins, Sumi would simply sit there, softly nodding, feeling uncomfortable and thinking about Anna and her nickname, Number 23. One day, Sumi and Anna were invited to a get-together. Someone playfully asked the youngsters what they wanted to be when they grew up. “I want to be a pianist!” “I want to be a famous actor!” “I’ll start a business and make tons of money!” One after another, the children talked about their bold dreams. The adults clapped and praised each one. Anna? She smiled and added, “I want to be a kindergarten teacher. I love tiny kids. I love dancing, singing and playing with them.” And suddenly, the whole room just... became quiet. This hit Sumi hard. It was like her heart got caught in her throat. She had done everything to help Anna with school, but nothing had changed. Heartbroken, Sumi stopped pushing her daughter. After a few days, Sumi got a phone call from Anna’s class teacher. The teacher said, “Anna’s grades haven’t changed much — she’s still right in the middle. But I’ve been teaching for 30 years, and I saw something for the first time. We added a bonus question at the end of the exam: Who’s your favorite student in class and why? Almost every single student wrote your daughter’s name.” Sumi was speechless. “They said that she’s kind, she helps others and listens to everyone. Many even recommended her as the class leader. I just wanted to let you know, grades aside, you’re raising a remarkable child. I’m proud of her.” Sumi cried after the call, not because she lost hope, but because of something deeper. She felt relieved and made peace with herself. That afternoon when Anna returned home from school, Sumi kissed her and told her about the phone call. Anna smiled and said, “Mom, I never wanted to be the hero. When heroes walk down the road, everyone claps for them. I want to be the one clapping.” We all want our kids to succeed, to shine, to be number one. But sometimes we forget that being kind, happy, and true to yourself is the actual achievement. Maybe being “Number 23” isn’t that terrible after all. 26. Why did the whole room become quiet after Anna talked about her dream? A. Because Anna was the last one to talk about her dream. B. Because people expected her to be a kindergarten teacher. C. Because Anna spoke too quietly for everyone to hear clearly. D. Because people were surprised at her simple and ordinary dream. 27. What can we learn about Anna in the passage? A. Her behavior in class made her a hero. B. She didn’t like to play with the other kids. C. She was popular in school for her kindness. D. Her grades improved a lot in the latest exam. 28. What does the writer want to tell us? A. You are never too young to start small and dream big. B. Heroes are ordinary people who do extraordinary things. C. You will never know your limit unless you push yourself. D. True success lies in being kind, happy and true to oneself. 【答案】26. D 27. C 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了成绩始终排在50人班级第23位的女孩Anna，怀着当幼儿园老师的平凡梦想，因善良友善深受全班同学喜爱，她坦言甘愿做给英雄鼓掌的人，传递出不必执着于争第一，善良、快乐、忠于自我就是真正成功的核心观点。 【26题详解】 根据文中描述，其他孩子谈论的是成为钢琴家、演员或赚大钱等光鲜远大的梦想，获得了大人的掌声。而Anna说想当幼儿园老师后，房间突然安静了，这种反差表明众人对她简单普通的梦想感到惊讶或不适应。 【27题详解】 根据老师的描述，几乎全班同学都把Anna选为自己最喜欢的同学，大家都认可她善良、乐于助人，很多同学还推荐她当班长，说明她因为善良在学校很受欢迎。 【28题详解】 根据文章最后一段中“But sometimes we forget that being kind, happy, and true to yourself is the actual achievement.”可知，作者想传达的核心价值观是真正的成功在于品格而非名次，要善良、快乐、做真实的自己。 C In the face of a growing population, we’ve built skyscrapers and deep underground networks, but where do we go next? Some have started to look at the last place we haven’t fully explored—the ocean. Sea-steading, the idea of building a city at sea, is becoming a reality, but many factors need to be considered: how would a floating (漂浮的) city react to a natural disaster such as a hurricane? How would the community grow food or have drinkable water? The first challenge for engineers is finding balance within a structure: it should be strong enough to stay put but also flexible (灵活的) enough to roll when the waves come. Many have focused their attention on designing several small but strong units that can be interlocked together, creating a flexible structure that will float on the surface. This design is inspired by nature’s perfect floating island—tussocks. These plants grow on a carpet of floating roots (the O2 bubbles inside help to keep them above water). They would support each other, stay balanced, and not sink easily. The next challenge is to make sure the floating city is ready to take care of all its own needs out in the open ocean. At their most basic, humans need food and water to survive. An average person needs about 3L water a day, and though these cities will be surrounded by water, the sea is too salty for us to drink. These floating communities will need to use onboard plants to take the salt out of the water. Thanks to genetic modification technology (基因编辑技术), it will be possible to grow vegetables and build fish and shrimp farms in the open water. Electricity is another challenge. We need it to power the homes and businesses. Any project without the land-based electric network needs to find another power source. A leading technology called OTEC produces clean, renewable energy by using the ocean’s natural temperature difference. In 2017, a deal was signed between the French government and a sea-steading organization. They agreed to work together to create a sea zone for companies to build houses. In addition, there are smaller projects throughout the world making floating homes possible for everyone. ▲ , but the challenges will push our creativity and engineering skills to our limits. The dream of living in a floating world may be just around the corner, so kick back and ride the waves towards a new water-borne city. 29. What does the example of tussocks on water tell us? A. Floating islands move with every wave. B. Some plants can survive salty conditions. C. Plants are necessary for floating structures. D. Small units stay strong through connection. 30. What can we learn about the challenges from the passage? A. OTEC makes drinkable water available. B. Modified vegetables can be grown on the sea. C. Temperature difference is practical in fish farming. D. Genetic modification technology solves energy problems. 31. Which of the following can be put in the ▲ in Paragraph 6? A. Sea-based housing brings a promising future B. Building homes on the sea is of no benefit to us C. Hurricanes pose serious challenges to floating cities D. We can’t predict how humans will build into the ocean 【答案】29. D 30. B 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了建造海上漂浮城市的“海洋定居”构想，梳理了该构想面临的挑战、对应解决方案，及其发展前景。 【29题详解】 根据第二段最后一句“They would support each other, stay balanced, and not sink easily.”可知，这些草墩相互支撑、保持平衡且不易下沉，这说明小型单元通过连接可以保持稳固。 【30题详解】 根据第三段最后一句“Thanks to genetic modification technology (基因编辑技术), it will be possible to grow vegetables and build fish and shrimp farms in the open water.”可知，多亏了基因编辑技术，在开阔水域种植蔬菜和建立鱼虾养殖场成为可能，这意味着经过改良的蔬菜可以在盐水中生长。 【31题详解】 前文提到已经有政府合作项目，全球多地都在推进漂浮住宅项目，后文转折指出“挑战会倒逼我们突破极限，漂浮城市的梦想很快就能实现”，整体表达的是海上住宅有美好前景，选项A“Sea-based housing brings a promising future”符合上下文逻辑。 D When we talk about the past with our grandparents, they often say it was a better time. They think life was simpler and more joyful in their youth, especially when they see old pictures. This common habit is called rosy retrospection. It means we often recall the past as better than the present, even if facts suggest otherwise. For example, a man at a family dinner might miss his carefree 20s, focusing on fun memories while forgetting job-hunting stress. This selective memory distorts reality, painting the past as “rosy” compared to today’s news of global issues or daily pressures. This bias (偏见) influences both individuals and society. Positively, it can help improve well-being. Studies show people often remember tough experiences, like a long bike trip, as more enjoyable later, helping them feel proud of overcoming challenges. Recalling happy memories even helps lower stress when facing new difficulties. However, rosy retrospection isn’t always helpful. It can lead to declinism—the belief that society is worsening. If we view the past through rose-colored glasses, we may not see how things have improved, like better technology or medical advances, and may be afraid of changes. It also harms decision-making: a person might forget a past beach sunburn and skip sunscreen again, risking the pain. Our brains favor positive memories. Young adulthood is a “reminiscence bump”—a time of strong emotions and big life events, like landing the first job and getting married. These memories feel lively, so they last longer. Negative memories fade faster: we remember a fun party more clearly than a boring meeting, making the past seem brighter. To avoid over-idealizing the past, question your memories. Before complaining that old cartoons were better, ask yourself: Were the cartoons truly better, or were you just happier as a child watching them? Old photos only show good times, not past struggles. Recognizing the gaps helps us keep a clearer view of the past and present. So, was life really better back then? Maybe not. By remembering the full picture—both the joy and the hardship—we can appreciate yesterday without losing sight of today. 32. Which of the following is an example of rosy retrospection? A. Tom says the school camping trip was perfect even though it rained hard. B. Lucy thinks her life now is much happier than it was in her primary school. C. Lily still feels bad about arguing with her friend in the playground last term. D. Mike misses his old classmates because they study in different schools now. 33. The word “distorts” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A. proves B. changes C. follows D. mirrors 34. What can we learn from the passage? A. Declinism helps people accept social progress and change. B. Positive memories can free people from stress and struggle. C. Memory biases like rosy retrospection may lead to bad decisions. D. Teenagers should stop recalling their past experiences immediately. 35. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Why do old photos always lie to us? B. Can we really forget the bad memories? C. Why do we view the past more brightly? D. Does living in the past always bring risks? 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“玫瑰色回顾”（rosy retrospection）这一心理现象，即人们倾向于将过去回忆得比现实更美好。文章分析了其产生的原因、带来的积极和消极影响，以及应对建议。 【32题详解】 根据原文第一段中“It means we often recall the past as better than the present, even if facts suggest otherwise.”可知，玫瑰色回顾指人们会美化过去的记忆，忽略事实中不好的部分，认为过往比实际更美好。 【33题详解】 根据原文第一段画线词所在句“This selective memory distorts reality, painting the past as ‘rosy’ compared to today’s news of global issues or daily pressures.”可知，这种选择性记忆会改变、扭曲真实的情况，让过去看起来比当下更美好。 【34题详解】 根据原文第三段中“It also harms decision-making: a person might forget a past beach sunburn and skip sunscreen again, risking the pain.”可知，玫瑰色回顾这类记忆偏差会损害决策能力，可能导致人们做出错误的决定，C选项表述符合文意。 【35题详解】 通读全文可知，文章围绕“人们总会美化过去的记忆”这一现象展开，解释了概念、分析了成因、阐述了影响并给出建议，核心是解答“为什么我们会把过去看得更美好”这一问题，C选项最能概括全文主旨。 E Mrs. Fay went to the hospital for some regular health checks. She had a heart problem called tricuspid stenosis (三尖瓣狭窄), which wasn’t seen as very dangerous. Dr. Lown examined her and found nothing unusual. Later, a group of trainee doctors came to see her. During their visit, Dr. Lown mentioned in front of everyone, including Mrs. Fay, that she had TS. In medical terms, TS stands for tricuspid stenosis, but Mrs. Fay thought it meant “terminal situation,” which she took to mean she was dying. After hearing this, Mrs. Fay started showing signs of serious heart failure. It seemed she believed she was going to die without even thinking about it. Dr. Lown tried to explain the mistake, but Mrs. Fay didn’t listen. She grew sicker very quickly and died later that same day. Mrs. Fay’s story is a real example of the nocebo effect. Nocebo means “I shall harm”—it shows how negative thoughts, feelings, and emotions can produce negative outcomes. We can only accept, believe and surrender (投降) to thoughts and ideas that match our present emotional state. When we do, our body’s nervous system produces the exact amount of chemicals that can either help us or hurt us. This idea is called suggestibility—when we accept beliefs without questioning them. The less we analyze (分析), the more suggestible we become. Our analytical mind acts like a gatekeeper, deciding which thoughts reach our deeper automatic (自动的) system. This automatic system controls things like body temperature, digestion, blood sugar and heart rate. When Mrs. Fay heard “TS”, she accepted the thought that she was dying without analysis. The idea moved from her thinking mind, past her gatekeeper into her automatic system, which then worked against her and led to physical failure. Her own thoughts and feelings became harmful. The nocebo effect is not always limited to causing harm. In 1962, a group of researchers in Japan worked with 13 children who were seriously allergic (过敏的) to poison ivy. The researchers rubbed a harmless leaf on the forearm of each child but claimed it was poison ivy. They rubbed the other forearm with poison ivy but said it was something else. The results were surprising. All the children got a rash (皮疹) on the arm touched with the harmless leaf, but 11 out of 13 didn’t get a rash on the arm touched with poison ivy. The children changed what was expected to happen. Their new experience wasn’t controlled by past experiences. As soon as they accepted, believed, and didn’t question that the leaf was safe or dangerous, their level of suggestibility changed how their bodies reacted. We could say that the thought of the poison ivy being safe was stronger than actually touching the leaf, and the other way around. The good news is, if our minds can make us sick, they can also help us heal. If we truly believe in the good feelings and don’t doubt them, we can retrain our bodies to follow this new and positive mind. 36. What do we know about Mrs. Fay’s story? A. The trainee doctors found something wrong. B. She died of a serious heart problem called TS. C. Her thought of dying worsened her condition. D. Dr. Lown made a mistake that led to her death. 37. What does “the 13 children allergic to poison ivy” experiment prove? A. Past experiences often guide future reactions. B. Suggestibility can reshape expected outcomes. C. The nocebo effect supports and produces suggestibility. D. Poison ivy causes physical response to those who are allergic. 38. What is the writer trying to tell us? A. Recognizing health condition is hard due to many factors. B. We have the choice to turn harmful beliefs into helpful ones. C. The thinking and automatic minds often work against each other. D. Health problems can be treated with suggestibility and nocebo effect. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 【解析】 【导语】本文以Fay夫人误读医学缩写TS、消极想法加重病情离世的案例引入“反安慰剂效应”，解释暗示性原理，再通过日本儿童毒常春藤过敏实验证明心理暗示能改变身体反应，最后点明积极心态可引导身体自愈。 【36题详解】 根据原文第二段“It seemed she believed she was going to die... She grew sicker very quickly and died later that same day.”，她认定自己濒临死亡的消极想法让病情快速恶化。 【37题详解】 根据原文第七段“their level of suggestibility changed how their bodies reacted”，该实验证明暗示性能够改变身体预期产生的反应，重塑预期结果。 【38题详解】 根据文章末段“If we truly believe in the good feelings and don’t doubt them, we can retrain our bodies to follow this new and positive mind.”，作者想告诉我们我们可以主动将有害的消极想法转变为有益的积极信念。 六、阅读表达（每题2分，共8分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 China’s Cyber Security Centre has given out a second warning about OpenClaw, an AI tool that is becoming very popular across the country. While many local governments and tech companies are rushing to use it, experts say if it is used wrongly, it can lead to serious security problems. The warnings highlight the growing pressure between the strong wish for new technology and the need to protect private information. What is OpenClaw? OpenClaw was created by Austrian developer Peter Steinberger late last year. It is an AI that can carry out tasks for users, such as replying to emails and writing work reports. It acts like a digital secretary that works 24 hours a day without human help. Users simply give it instructions, and the AI deals with the rest, saving people valuable time and effort in their busy schedules. What are the dangers? The tool brings two main risks. First is hacking. Hackers trick the AI into stealing users’ passwords. Second is operational (操作的) mistakes, because the AI might cross out important files by accident and cause huge data loss. These risks are especially worrying for businesses and government offices. Why is it still popular? Although there are the warnings, OpenClaw remains a hit across China. Big tech companies like Alibaba Cloud, ByteDance, and Tencent are competing to offer easy access (路径) to it. Tencent even started “QClaw” specially for WeChat and QQ users, making it very convenient for millions of people. What’s more, local governments in cities like Shenzhen and Foshan actively support its use with subsidies (补贴) and free downloading services, hoping to increase local tech development. What should users do? China’s Cyber Security Centre advises users to check settings carefully and turn off unnecessary public access to reduce risks. Education about safe usage is also important. While new AI tools bring great convenience to people’s work and daily life, it is important for everyone to pay close attention to their possible dangers. Staying informed and watchful is the key to safely using this powerful technology. 39. What can OpenClaw do for users? ___________________________________________________ 40. What are the two main risks of OpenClaw? ___________________________________________________ 41. What advice does China’s Cyber Security Centre give to OpenClaw users? ___________________________________________________ 42. Do you think OpenClaw is a useful tool? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________ 【答案】39. It can carry out tasks for users, such as replying to emails and writing work reports. 40. Hacking and operational mistakes. 41. To check settings carefully and turn off unnecessary public access. 42. Yes. Because it can save people valuable time and effort./No, I don’t think it is a useful tool. Although it is convenient, it has serious security risks. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI工具OpenClaw的功能、潜在风险、流行原因以及网络安全中心给出的使用建议。 【39题详解】 根据文章“What is OpenClaw?”部分“It is an AI that can carry out tasks for users, such as replying to emails and writing work reports.”可知， OpenClaw能帮用户回复邮件和写报告。答案可直接从原文提取信息整理。 【40题详解】 根据文章“What are the dangers?”部分“The tool brings two main risks. First is hacking... Second is operational mistakes...”可知，两个主要风险是黑客攻击和操作失误。答案可直接引用原文的两点内容。 【41题详解】 根据文章”What should users do?“部分“China’s Cyber Security Centre advises users to check settings carefully and turn off unnecessary public access to reduce risks.”可知，建议是仔细检查设置并关闭不必要的公共访问。答案可直接提取原文建议。 【42题详解】 本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点需基于文中事实。结合文章中提到的便利性与安全风险，合理作答即可。示例：Yes. Because it can save people valuable time and effort./No, I don’t think it is a useful tool. Although it is convenient, it has serious security risks. 书面表达（共18分） 七、完成句子（每小题2分，共8分） 43. 英语演讲比赛将于下周举行。（hold）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 The English speech contest will be held next week. 【解析】 【详解】根据时间状语“将于下周”，可知句子时态为一般将来时，将来时的被动语态结构为 will be + 过去分词。英语演讲比赛翻译为The English speech contest；将举行翻译为will be held；下周翻译为next week。故填The English speech contest will be held next week. 44. 她太害羞了，不敢在全班面前讲话。（too ... to ...）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 She is too shy to speak in front of the whole class. 【解析】 【详解】“她太害羞了，不敢在全班面前讲话。”译为“She is too shy to speak in front of the whole class.”。“她”用代词主格She作主语；“太……而不能……”用“too ... to ...”结构；“害羞”使用形容词shy作表语；用系动词is连接主语和表语；“在全班面前讲话”译为“speak in front of the whole class”，不定式符号to后动词speak用原形。 45. 谢谢您帮我解决这个问题。(thank sb. for) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 Thank you for helping me solve this problem. 【解析】 【详解】“谢谢您帮我解决这个问题。”译为Thank you for helping me solve this problem。需使用“thank sb. for…”结构，意为“因某事感谢某人”。介词for后面必须接动词的-ing形式（动名词），因此help变为helping。“帮某人做某事”用help sb. do sth.，因此“帮我解决”译为help me solve。“这个问题”译为this problem。 46. 每一位团队成员都应该承担责任。(should) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】 Every team member should take responsibility. 【解析】 【详解】“每一位团队成员”译为Every team member，在句中作主语。“应该”根据提示词使用情态动词should，情态动词后需接动词原形。“承担责任”是固定搭配，译为take responsibility。按照“主语+情态动词+动词原形+宾语”的结构组合，即为“Every team member should take responsibility.”。 八、文段写作 （共10分） 47. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 在学习和生活中，我们常常需要与他人合作完成任务。一次难忘的团队合作经历，不仅能让我们感受到集体的力量，也能帮助我们更好地认识自己与他人的长处。某英文网站正在开展以“The Power of Teamwork”为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，描述你的一次团队合作经历，介绍你是如何与队友共同协作的，并谈谈你的收获。 提示词语： task, discuss, improve, strength, proud 内容提示：· What was your teamwork experience? What have you learned from the experience? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Last term, our group had a special task to make a poster. We discussed the plan carefully. Everyone shared their strengths. I drew pictures while others wrote words. We helped each other to improve our work. Finally, we won the first prize. I felt very proud. From this experience, I learned that teamwork is powerful. It helps us know ourselves better and finish work easily. 【解析】 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记事记叙文，时态以一般过去时为主 明确要点：讲述小组完成海报任务的全过程；分工协作、互相配合最终获一等奖；感悟团队合作力量强大 确定人称：第一人称I/we 注意事项：叙事完整，有事件经过与内心感悟，语句简单贴合初中水平，词数符合要求 [第二步：构思布局] 两段式结构： 开头段：记叙事件，交代任务、小组讨论分工、互帮互助，最终获奖心生自豪 结尾段：升华主旨，点明团队合作的强大作用与意义 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：事件背景 背景：had a special task to make a poster last term/have a singing competition/have an important meeting 要点二：小组协作过程 过程：discussed the plan carefully/shared their strengths/drew pictures/wrote words/helped each other to improve our work/shared our opinions/communicated with our parents 要点三：成果与心情 结果：won the first prize/passed the exam/succeeded in life 感受：felt very proud/became excited/felt very happy 要点四：感悟收获 感悟：teamwork is powerful/knowledge is important/a friend in need is a friend indeed 收获：know ourselves better/finish work easily/believe in ourselves/face difficulty bravely 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $