Unit 8 More than a Game 暑期预习 单元重点知识 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版九年级上册Unit 8 "More than a Game"的核心知识体系。从体育与奥运主题的重点单词（如competition, athlete等）、短语（如take part in, set a record等）到功能句型（如How do sports inspire us?等），进而延伸至主谓一致等语法知识点，构建从词汇积累到语法应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-短语-句型-语法”逻辑递进，每个模块配有详细讲解与实例。通过体育文化语境渗透语言能力培养，结合奥运精神与中外赛事案例提升文化意识，借助易混词辨析和语法规则对比发展思维品质，助力学生形成系统的语言知识网络和跨文化沟通能力。

人教版九年级上册英语 Unit 8 More than a Game 重点知识梳理 新课标 · 全面提升 重点单词 重点单词讲解 重点短语 重点短语讲解 重点句型 重点句型讲解 重要知识点 重要知识点讲解 一、重点单词 1. sports event /spɔːts ɪˈvent/ n. 体育赛事；运动项目 2. competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n. 比赛；竞赛 3. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争；比赛 4. competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə/ n. 参赛者；竞争者 5. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员；运动选手 6. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军；优胜者 7. victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利；成功 8. defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ v. & n. 击败；失败 9. record /ˈrekɔːd/ n.; /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 记录；录制；创纪录 10. medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌；奖章 11. prize /praɪz/ n. 奖品；奖金 12. trophy /ˈtrəʊfi/ n. 奖杯 13. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ n. & v. 裁判；评委；判断 14. referee /ˌrefəˈriː/ n. 裁判员 15. team /tiːm/ n. 队；团队 16. teammate /ˈtiːmmeɪt/ n. 队友 17. relay /ˈriːleɪ/ n. 接力赛；接班 18. relay race /ˈriːleɪ reɪs/ n. 接力赛跑 19. baton /ˈbætən/ n. 接力棒 20. handoff /ˈhændɒf/ n. 交接；传递 21. starting line /ˈstɑːtɪŋ laɪn/ n. 起跑线 22. finish line /ˈfɪnɪʃ laɪn/ n. 终点线 23. long jump /lɒŋ dʒʌmp/ n. 跳远 24. high jump /haɪ dʒʌmp/ n. 跳高 25. shot-put /ˈʃɒtpʊt/ n. 铅球 26. pull-up /ˈpʊl ʌp/ n. 引体向上 27. boxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n. 拳击 28. kung fu /ˌkʌŋ ˈfuː/ n. 功夫；武术 29. wushu /ˈwʊʃuː/ n. 武术 30. volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔːl/ n. 排球 31. tennis /ˈtenɪs/ n. 网球 32. table tennis /ˈteɪbl tenɪs/ n. 乒乓球 33. baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔːl/ n. 棒球 34. football /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ n. 足球 35. ski /skiː/ v. & n. 滑雪；滑雪板 36. ski jumping /skiː ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ/ n. 跳台滑雪 37. figure skating /ˈfɪɡə ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n. 花样滑冰 38. speed skating /spiːd ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n. 速滑；速度滑冰 39. freestyle skiing /ˈfriːstaɪl ˈskiːɪŋ/ n. 自由式滑雪 40. swimming /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ n. 游泳 41. event /ɪˈvent/ n. 赛事；项目；大事 42. match /mætʃ/ n. 比赛；竞赛 43. game /ɡeɪm/ n. 比赛；游戏 44. race /reɪs/ n. 赛跑；比赛 45. Olympics /əˈlɪmpɪks/ n. 奥林匹克运动会 46. Olympic /əˈlɪmpɪk/ adj. 奥林匹克的 47. Olympic Games /əˈlɪmpɪk ɡeɪmz/ n. 奥林匹克运动会 48. the Winter Olympics /ðə ˈwɪntə əˈlɪmpɪks/ n. 冬季奥运会 49. the Summer Olympics /ðə ˈsʌmə əˈlɪmpɪks/ n. 夏季奥运会 50. opening ceremony /ˈəʊpnɪŋ ˈserəməni/ n. 开幕式 51. closing ceremony /ˈkləʊzɪŋ ˈserəməni/ n. 闭幕式 52. mascot /ˈmæskət/ n. 吉祥物 53. motto /ˈmɒtəʊ/ n. 格言；座右铭 54. spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神；心灵 55. friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊；友情 56. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 57. harmony /ˈhɑːməni/ n. 和谐；融洽 58. peace /piːs/ n. 和平 59. purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的；意图 60. bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. 桥梁；纽带 61. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ n. & v. 志愿者；自愿做 62. citizen /ˈsɪtɪzn/ n. 公民；市民；居民 63. audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 观众；听众 64. crowd /kraʊd/ n. 人群；观众 65. cheer /tʃɪə/ v. & n. 欢呼；喝彩 66. host /həʊst/ v. & n. 主办；主人；主持人 67. hold /həʊld/ v. 举行；举办；握住 68. attend /əˈtend/ v. 参加；出席 69. train /treɪn/ v. 训练；培训 70. practice /ˈpræktɪs/ v. & n. 练习；实践 71. try out /traɪ aʊt/ v. phr. 参加选拔；试用 72. sign up /saɪn ʌp/ v. phr. 报名；注册 73. help out /help aʊt/ v. phr. 帮忙；帮助 74. catch up /kætʃ ʌp/ v. phr. 追上；赶上 75. set a record /set ə ˈrekɔːd/ v. phr. 创纪录 76. break a record /breɪk ə ˈrekɔːd/ v. phr. 打破纪录 77. world record /wɜːld ˈrekɔːd/ n. 世界纪录 78. gold medal /ɡəʊld ˈmedl/ n. 金牌 79. silver medal /ˈsɪlvə ˈmedl/ n. 银牌 80. bronze medal /brɒnz ˈmedl/ n. 铜牌 81. take part in /teɪk pɑːt ɪn/ v. phr. 参加 82. take the lead /teɪk ðə liːd/ v. phr. 领先 83. keep the lead /kiːp ðə liːd/ v. phr. 保持领先 84. make up ground /meɪk ʌp ɡraʊnd/ v. phr. 缩短差距；追赶 85. look forward to /lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tuː/ v. phr. 期待；盼望 86. be amazed by /biː əˈmeɪzd baɪ/ v. phr. 对……感到惊讶 87. at the top of one's list /ət ðə tɒp əv wʌnz lɪst/ prep. phr. 在某人清单的首位；最想要 88. drown /draʊn/ v. 溺水；淹没 89. freestyle /ˈfriːstaɪl/ n. & adj. 自由式；自由风格的 90. gain /ɡeɪn/ v. & n. 获得；增加；收益 91. achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就；成绩 92. success /səkˈses/ n. 成功 93. attention /əˈtenʃn/ n. 注意；关注 94. pride /praɪd/ n. 骄傲；自豪 95. proud /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的 96. final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. & n. 最后的；决赛 97. national /ˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国家的；民族的 98. coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. & v. 教练；训练 99. favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ adj. & n. 最喜欢的；最喜欢的人/物 100. admire /ədˈmaɪə/ v. 钦佩；赞赏 101. admirable /ˈædmərəbl/ adj. 令人钦佩的；极好的 102. example /ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ n. 例子；榜样 103. true example /truː ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ n. phr. 真正的榜样 104. everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每个人；人人 105. everyone /ˈevriwʌn/ pron. 每个人；人人 106. either /ˈaɪðə/ pron. & conj. （两者中）任一；要么……要么 107. neither /ˈnaɪðə/ pron. & conj. （两者）都不；既不……也不 108. both /bəʊθ/ pron. & adj. （两者）都 109. all /ɔːl/ pron. & adj. （三者及以上）都 110. none /nʌn/ pron. （三者及以上）都不 111. each /iːtʃ/ pron. & adj. 每个；各自 二、重点短语 1. sports day 运动日；体育日 2. sports event 体育赛事 3. school sports day 学校运动会 4. take part in 参加 5. take part in the sports day 参加运动会 6. sign up for 报名参加 7. sign up for the tryouts 参加选拔赛报名 8. try out for 参加……选拔 9. try out for the relay team 参加接力队选拔 10. help out 帮忙；协助 11. help out at the Olympics 在奥运会上帮忙 12. catch up 追上；赶上 13. catch up with 追上；赶上 14. set a record 创纪录 15. set a new world record 创造新的世界纪录 16. break a record 打破纪录 17. take the lead 领先 18. keep the lead 保持领先 19. make up ground 缩短差距；追赶 20. pass the baton 传递接力棒 21. smooth handoff 顺畅交接 22. at the starting line 在起跑线上 23. cross the finish line 冲过终点线 24. win first place 赢得第一名 25. win the gold medal 赢得金牌 26. win an Olympic gold medal 赢得奥运金牌 27. come-from-behind victory 逆转胜利 28. look forward to 期待；盼望 29. look forward to the opening ceremony 期待开幕式 30. at the top of my list 我最想做的事 31. be amazed by 对……感到惊讶 32. be amazed by their strength and technique 对他们的力量和技巧感到惊叹 33. figure skating 花样滑冰 34. ski jumping 跳台滑雪 35. speed skating 速度滑冰 36. men's swimming 男子游泳 37. women's volleyball 女子排球 38. team sports 团队运动 39. opening ceremony 开幕式 40. closing ceremony 闭幕式 41. the Winter Olympics 冬季奥运会 42. the Summer Olympics 夏季奥运会 43. the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 44. the Olympic village 奥运村 45. Olympic mascot 奥运吉祥物 46. Olympic motto 奥运格言 47. One World, One Dream 同一个世界，同一个梦想 48. Together for a Shared Future 一起向未来 49. be held in 在……举行 50. host the Olympic Games 主办奥运会 51. the first city ever to host... 第一个举办……的城市 52. a total of 总计；总共 53. compete in 参加……比赛 54. compete against 与……竞争 55. compete for 为……而竞争 56. nearly the whole world 几乎全世界 57. watch the competition 观看比赛 58. in wonder 惊奇地 59. smile one's way across the finish line 微笑着冲过终点线 60. dramatic victory 戏剧性的胜利 61. bring challenges and opportunities 带来挑战和机遇 62. show one's success 展示某人的成功 63. reform and opening-up 改革开放 64. on the world stage 在世界舞台上 65. gain worldwide attention 获得全球关注 66. work with pride 自豪地工作 67. make sure 确保 68. have a pleasant stay 过得愉快 69. build bridges between countries 在国家之间搭建桥梁 70. form friendships between people 在人们之间建立友谊 71. the purpose of... ……的目的 72. build relationships 建立关系 73. celebrate the Olympic spirit 弘扬奥林匹克精神 74. bring people together 使人们团结在一起 75. peace and harmony 和平与和谐 76. touch one's heart 触动某人的心灵 77. hear of 听说 78. the first Olympic swimmer from... 来自……的第一位奥运游泳选手 79. begin doing sth. 开始做某事 80. six months before the games 奥运会前六个月 81. the only swimming pool 唯一的游泳池 82. Olympic-sized swimming pool 奥运会标准泳池 83. the first 50 metres 前50米 84. the last 15 metres 最后15米 85. be going to drown 快要淹死了 86. try hard to finish 努力完成 87. win loud cheers from the crowd 赢得观众的热烈欢呼 88. Olympic medal winner 奥运奖牌获得者 89. give up 放弃 90. no matter how hard it was 无论多么艰难 91. with hard work and practice 通过努力工作和练习 92. improve from... to... 从……提高到…… 93. under 57 seconds 在57秒以内 94. the national swimming team 国家游泳队 95. a true example of the Olympic spirit 奥林匹克精神的真正榜样 96. the most important thing in sport 体育中最重要的事 97. not winning but taking part 不是获胜而是参与 98. FIFA World Cup 国际足联世界杯 99. World Table Tennis Championships 世界乒乓球锦标赛 100. Wimbledon Championships 温布尔登网球锦标赛 101. Volleyball Women's World Championship 世界女子排球锦标赛 102. held every four years 每四年举行一次 103. in a different country 在不同的国家 104. the host country 东道主国家 105. qualify for the tournament 获得比赛资格 106. a celebration for all... fans 所有……粉丝的庆典 107. all over the world 全世界 三、重点句型 1. How do sports inspire us? 2. In this unit, you will talk about Sports Day at school. 3. You will discuss world-famous sports events. 4. You will describe your favourite athlete. 5. You will explore the meaning of the Beijing Olympic Games. 6. What sports do you have on your school's Sports Day? 7. Sports Day is coming. 8. Everyone can take part. 9. Who will join the relay team? 10. We all like sports competitions. 11. When is the last day to sign up for the tryouts? 12. What event will Fu Xing sign up for this time? 13. Who are Teng Fei's teammates in the 4×100-metre relay race? 14. What's Meimei's duty on Sports Day? 15. What events are the speakers looking forward to? 16. I like running, so I'll try the 1,500 metres. 17. The finish line is where a race ends. 18. Runners begin a race at the starting line. 19. A baton is a stick passed between runners in a relay. 20. When runners pass the baton to each other, it is called a handoff. 21. A judge is a person who finally decides the winner of a competition. 22. A champion is an athlete or team that has won first place. 23. Something interesting happened during the 4×100-metre relay. 24. Yaming took the lead first. 25. Peter kept the lead over other runners. 26. Peter performed a smooth handoff to Han Lin. 27. Li Lei was making up ground on Han Lin. 28. Teng Fei was trying to catch up with Xie Tao. 29. Teng Fei's team were the champions. 30. The Winter Olympics start next month. 31. What event would you like to watch? 32. Ski jumping is at the top of my list. 33. I just love seeing the athletes fly through the air! 34. It's not easy to do what they do. 35. My parents and I also enjoy watching figure skating. 36. I'm always amazed by their strength and technique. 37. Like you, my family watch sports together, especially speed skating. 38. It's truly amazing. 39. What about the summer games? 40. Do you have a favourite event? 41. Oh yes! I especially like the men's swimming. 42. You must be a good swimmer. 43. Not really, but I love watching it anyway. 44. For me, the swimming events are so exciting because swimmers often win by just 0.01 seconds. 45. My family also watch team sports together, like women's volleyball. 46. That's my mum's favourite. 47. Cool! Oh, don't forget to watch the opening ceremony. 48. Yeah. That's always exciting! 49. Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100-metre relay. 50. Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. 51. Both are quite fast. 52. The Winter Olympics start next month. 53. Neither is really suitable for me. 54. My family also watch / watches sports together. 55. Tennis requires strength and skill. 56. Both kung fu and boxing are popular sports among young people. 57. Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. 58. It's about doing your best. 59. Athletes train for years to try out for the Olympics, and each has a unique story. 60. Everyone looks forward to the opening ceremony. 61. It is always a great event. 62. Do you know what sport climbing is? 63. It is one of the newest sports in the Olympic Games. 64. It comes from traditional rock climbing and is divided into three different types: speed climbing, bouldering, and lead climbing. 65. What are the rules? 66. Each type is different. 67. In bouldering there are no safety ropes. 68. But in lead climbing athletes wear ropes. 69. In speed climbing, the climbers have to compete against the clock. 70. Each event sounds difficult to me. 71. Yes, they all require a lot of training. 72. What do you know about the Beijing Olympics? 73. What topics will be included in a speech about the Beijing Olympic Games? 74. Good morning, everyone! 75. Today, I'd like to talk about my favourite sports event. 76. Actually, when I used the word "event", it means two events: the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics. 77. They were held in Beijing—the first city ever to host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics. 78. The most recent was the 2022 Winter Olympics. 79. A total of nearly 2,900 athletes attended and competed in 109 events in seven Olympic winter sports. 80. There were many exciting moments. 81. Nearly the whole world watched the fantastic figure skating and ski jumping competitions. 82. I watched the freestyle skiing, and like everyone else, I fell in love with those brave and talented athletes. 83. I also became a huge fan of the mascot, Bing Dwen Dwen. 84. And we shall not forget the amazing achievements in the 2008 Summer Olympics. 85. I watched in wonder as Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line in the 100 metres, setting a new world record. 86. Then I watched the drama of the shooting event. 87. Du Li won her second Olympic gold medal, after the first one in 2004. 88. Both were dramatic come-from-behind victories. 89. Hosting two Olympics brought challenges but also opportunities to Beijing. 90. Both Games showed China's success in its reform and opening-up on the world stage. 91. China's great achievements have gained worldwide attention. 92. In both events, many volunteers and citizens helped out. 93. They worked with pride to make sure that people from around the world had a pleasant stay. 94. Events like the Olympic Games build bridges between countries and form friendships between people. 95. The purpose of the Olympics is to build relationships between people, to celebrate the Olympic spirit, and to bring people together for peace and harmony. 96. This is shown in both the motto of the 2008 Olympics, "One World, One Dream", and the motto of the 2022 Olympics, "Together for a Shared Future". 97. These mottos touch my heart quite deeply, as I'm sure they touch yours. 98. Thank you for listening! 99. Junior high students need to take shot-put classes as part of their physical education. 100. Four runners make up a team for the relay race. 101. Though he was defeated, he had competed to the best of his ability in the boxing match. 102. The master explained that kung fu, also known as wushu, was a fighting skill. 103. Peter learnt to ski on family holidays when he was a child. 104. A huge number of volunteers help out at the Olympics! 105. Since he signed up for the relay race, he has trained hard with his team. 106. The coach helped the team to try out for the 4×100-metre relay. 107. The figure skater tried out some new moves, but they did not satisfy the coach. 108. The losing team managed to catch up in the last minute of the event. 109. The first Olympic Games began in ancient Greece in 776 BCE. 110. There were neither team sports nor water sports. 111. It only had one event: a race about 192 metres long. 112. The Olympics included more events over time. 113. Greek citizens from different cities around the country came together to compete in the events. 114. They hoped to bring pride and honour to their hometowns. 115. The games were held every four years until the Roman emperor stopped the games. 116. The final ancient Olympic Games were held in 394 CE. 117. In 1896, the first modern Olympics were held in Greece. 118. In 1904, gold medals were introduced as prizes for the winners. 119. Today, the Olympic Games have gained the love and interest of people worldwide. 120. You may have never heard of my favourite athlete, Eric Moussambani, the first Olympic swimmer from Equatorial Guinea. 121. Eric swam in the 100-metre freestyle at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. 122. However, he had just begun swimming only six months before the games! 123. The only swimming pool for him was a hotel pool about 13 metres long, and even then he could only use it for an hour every morning. 124. In fact, the first time he ever saw an Olympic-sized 50-metre swimming pool was at the Olympics. 125. During his race, he swam well for the first 50 metres, but the last 15 metres of the race were especially difficult for him. 126. In fact, it looked like he was going to drown! 127. But he tried hard to finish the race and won loud cheers from the crowd. 128. Though Eric Moussambani is not an Olympic medal winner, he is still my favourite athlete. 129. He never gave up no matter how hard it was. 130. With hard work and practice, Eric later became quite fast at the 100 metres. 131. His time for the 100-metre event improved from 1 minute 52 seconds, his Olympic record, to under 57 seconds! 132. He later became the coach of the national swimming team for Equatorial Guinea, and he is a true example of the Olympic spirit. 133. The most important thing in sport is not winning but taking part. 四、重点句型讲解 How do sports inspire us? 本句为 how 引导的特殊疑问句，用于询问方式。inspire 为动词，意为“激励；鼓舞”。 In this unit, you will talk about Sports Day at school. will talk about 为一般将来时，表示将要进行的动作。Sports Day 意为“学校运动日”。 What sports do you have on your school's Sports Day? What sports... 用于询问“什么运动项目”。on your school's Sports Day 意为“在你们学校的运动日”。 When is the last day to sign up for the tryouts? the last day to do sth. 意为“做某事的最后一天”。sign up for 意为“报名参加”。tryouts 意为“选拔赛；选拔赛资格”。 Who will join the relay team? will join 为一般将来时。relay team 意为“接力队”。 What event will Fu Xing sign up for this time? sign up for 意为“报名参加”。this time 意为“这次”。 I like running, so I'll try the 1,500 metres. so 为并列连词，表示结果。will try 为一般将来时。1,500 metres 为“1500米赛跑”。 The finish line is where a race ends. where a race ends 为表语从句，说明主语 the finish line 的具体内容。 A baton is a stick passed between runners in a relay. passed between runners in a relay 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 stick。 When runners pass the baton to each other, it is called a handoff. when 引导时间状语从句。pass...to each other 意为“互相传递……”。is called 为被动语态。 A judge is a person who finally decides the winner of a competition. who 引导定语从句修饰 person，who 在从句中作主语。decide the winner 意为“决定获胜者”。 A champion is an athlete or team that has won first place. that has won first place 为定语从句，修饰 athlete or team。first place 意为“第一名”。 Something interesting happened during the 4×100-metre relay. something interesting 为“不定代词 + 形容词”结构，形容词后置。during the 4×100-metre relay 意为“在4×100米接力期间”。 Yaming took the lead first. take the lead 意为“领先”。first 为副词，意为“首先”。 Peter kept the lead over other runners. keep the lead 意为“保持领先”。over other runners 意为“超过其他赛跑者”。 Peter performed a smooth handoff to Han Lin. perform a smooth handoff 意为“完成一次顺畅的交接”。handoff 为名词，意为“交接”。 Li Lei was making up ground on Han Lin. make up ground on sb. 意为“追赶某人；缩短与某人的差距”。was making up 为过去进行时。 Teng Fei was trying to catch up with Xie Tao. try to catch up with 意为“努力追上”。was trying 为过去进行时。 Teng Fei's team were the champions. team 为集体名词，在此句中强调队员，谓语动词用复数 were。 The Winter Olympics start next month. The Winter Olympics 为专有名词，形式上像复数，但通常作单数看待，谓语动词用 start。 What event would you like to watch? would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。 Ski jumping is at the top of my list. at the top of one's list 意为“在某人最想做事情的清单首位”。 I just love seeing the athletes fly through the air! love doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”。see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事（全过程）”。 My parents and I also enjoy watching figure skating. enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”。figure skating 意为“花样滑冰”。 I'm always amazed by their strength and technique. be amazed by 意为“对……感到惊讶”。strength and technique 意为“力量与技巧”。 Like you, my family watch sports together, especially speed skating. like you 为介词短语，意为“像你一样”。family 为集体名词，强调家庭成员，谓语用复数 watch。especially 意为“尤其”。 What about the summer games? What about...? 意为“……怎么样？”，用于提出建议或询问看法。 For me, the swimming events are so exciting because swimmers often win by just 0.01 seconds. because 引导原因状语从句。by just 0.01 seconds 意为“仅以0.01秒的优势”。 My family also watch team sports together, like women's volleyball. team sports 意为“团队运动”。like 为介词，意为“例如；像”。 Don't forget to watch the opening ceremony. Don't forget to do sth. 意为“不要忘记做某事”。opening ceremony 意为“开幕式”。 Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100-metre relay. everybody 为不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数 is。look forward to 中 to 为介词，后接名词/动名词。 Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. either...or... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与靠近谓语的 Adam 保持一致，用 is。 Both are quite fast. both 意为“两者都”，作主语时谓语动词用复数 are。 Neither is really suitable for me. neither 意为“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 is。 My family also watch / watches sports together. family 为集体名词，在英式英语中常作复数（watch），强调家庭成员；在美式英语中可作单数（watches）。 Tennis requires strength and skill. tennis 为球类名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数 requires。 Both kung fu and boxing are popular sports among young people. both...and... 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数 are。 Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. neither...nor... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与 losing 保持一致，用 is。 It's about doing your best. It's about... 意为“这是关于……”。do one's best 意为“尽某人最大努力”。 Athletes train for years to try out for the Olympics, and each has a unique story. train for years 意为“训练多年”。try out for 意为“参加……选拔”。each 作主语时谓语动词用单数 has。 Everyone looks forward to the opening ceremony. everyone 为不定代词，谓语动词用单数 looks。look forward to 中 to 为介词。 It is one of the newest sports in the Olympic Games. one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……之一”。 It comes from traditional rock climbing and is divided into three different types. come from 意为“来自”。be divided into 意为“被分成……”。 What are the rules? rules 为复数名词，谓语动词用 are。 Each type is different. each 作主语，谓语动词用单数 is。 In bouldering there are no safety ropes. there be 句型中，be 动词与后面的主语 no safety ropes（复数）保持一致，用 are。 But in lead climbing athletes wear ropes. athletes 为复数主语，谓语动词用 wear。 In speed climbing, the climbers have to compete against the clock. have to 意为“必须；不得不”。compete against the clock 意为“与时间赛跑”。 Each event sounds difficult to me. each 作主语，谓语动词用单数 sounds。sound 为系动词，后接形容词 difficult。 Yes, they all require a lot of training. they all 为复数主语，谓语动词用 require。 Today, I'd like to talk about my favourite sports event. would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。talk about 意为“谈论”。 Actually, when I used the word "event", it means two events: the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics. when 引导时间状语从句。mean 意为“意味着；意思是”。 They were held in Beijing—the first city ever to host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics. were held 为一般过去时被动语态。the first city ever to host... 为不定式作定语。both...and... 意为“两者都”。 A total of nearly 2,900 athletes attended and competed in 109 events in seven Olympic winter sports. a total of 意为“总计；总共”。compete in 意为“参加……比赛”。 There were many exciting moments. there were 为 there be 句型的一般过去时，主语 many exciting moments 为复数。 Nearly the whole world watched the fantastic figure skating and ski jumping competitions. nearly the whole world 意为“几乎全世界”。watch 为谓语动词，主语为单数概念，用过去式 watched。 I watched the freestyle skiing, and like everyone else, I fell in love with those brave and talented athletes. fall in love with 意为“爱上；喜欢上”。brave and talented 为并列形容词，意为“勇敢而有才华的”。 I also became a huge fan of the mascot, Bing Dwen Dwen. become a fan of 意为“成为……的粉丝”。mascot 意为“吉祥物”。 I watched in wonder as Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line in the 100 metres, setting a new world record. in wonder 意为“惊奇地”。as 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。smile one's way across... 意为“微笑着穿过……”。setting a new world record 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 Du Li won her second Olympic gold medal, after the first one in 2004. win her second Olympic gold medal 意为“赢得她的第二枚奥运金牌”。after the first one in 2004 意为“继2004年的第一枚之后”。 Both were dramatic come-from-behind victories. both 作主语，谓语动词用复数 were。come-from-behind 为复合形容词，意为“逆转的”。 Hosting two Olympics brought challenges but also opportunities to Beijing. Hosting two Olympics 为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 brought。bring...to... 意为“给……带来……”。 Both Games showed China's success in its reform and opening-up on the world stage. both games 为复数主语，谓语动词用 showed。reform and opening-up 意为“改革开放”。on the world stage 意为“在世界舞台上”。 China's great achievements have gained worldwide attention. have gained 为现在完成时。worldwide attention 意为“全球关注”。 In both events, many volunteers and citizens helped out. many volunteers and citizens 为复数主语，谓语动词用 helped out。help out 意为“帮忙”。 They worked with pride to make sure that people from around the world had a pleasant stay. with pride 意为“自豪地”。make sure 意为“确保”。have a pleasant stay 意为“过得愉快”。 Events like the Olympic Games build bridges between countries and form friendships between people. Events like... 意为“像……这样的活动”。build bridges 意为“搭建桥梁”。form friendships 意为“建立友谊”。 The purpose of the Olympics is to build relationships between people, to celebrate the Olympic spirit, and to bring people together for peace and harmony. The purpose of...is to do sth. 意为“……的目的是做某事”。三个不定式并列作表语。bring people together 意为“使人们团结”。 This is shown in both the motto of the 2008 Olympics, "One World, One Dream", and the motto of the 2022 Olympics, "Together for a Shared Future". is shown 为被动语态。motto 意为“格言；座右铭”。 These mottos touch my heart quite deeply, as I'm sure they touch yours. touch one's heart 意为“触动某人的心灵”。as 引导方式状语从句，意为“正如”。 You may have never heard of my favourite athlete, Eric Moussambani, the first Olympic swimmer from Equatorial Guinea. may have never heard of 为“情态动词 + 现在完成时”，表示对过去可能性的推测。hear of 意为“听说”。 Eric swam in the 100-metre freestyle at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. in the 100-metre freestyle 意为“在100米自由泳项目中”。 However, he had just begun swimming only six months before the games! had just begun 为过去完成时。begin doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”。 The only swimming pool for him was a hotel pool about 13 metres long, and even then he could only use it for an hour every morning. about 13 metres long 为后置定语，修饰 pool。even then 意为“即使那样”。 In fact, the first time he ever saw an Olympic-sized 50-metre swimming pool was at the Olympics. the first time 引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。Olympic-sized 为复合形容词，意为“奥运会标准的”。 During his race, he swam well for the first 50 metres, but the last 15 metres of the race were especially difficult for him. during his race 意为“在他的比赛期间”。for the first 50 metres 意为“在前50米”。the last 15 metres 为复数概念，谓语用 were。 In fact, it looked like he was going to drown! look like 意为“看起来好像”。be going to 表示将来，意为“将要”。 But he tried hard to finish the race and won loud cheers from the crowd. try hard to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”。win loud cheers from the crowd 意为“赢得观众热烈欢呼”。 Though Eric Moussambani is not an Olympic medal winner, he is still my favourite athlete. though 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，不能和 but 同时使用。 He never gave up no matter how hard it was. give up 意为“放弃”。no matter how 意为“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句。 With hard work and practice, Eric later became quite fast at the 100 metres. with hard work and practice 意为“通过努力工作和练习”。became quite fast 意为“变得相当快”。 His time for the 100-metre event improved from 1 minute 52 seconds, his Olympic record, to under 57 seconds! improve from...to... 意为“从……提高到……”。under 57 seconds 意为“57秒以内”。 He later became the coach of the national swimming team for Equatorial Guinea, and he is a true example of the Olympic spirit. the national swimming team 意为“国家游泳队”。a true example of... 意为“……的真正榜样”。 The most important thing in sport is not winning but taking part. not...but... 意为“不是……而是……”。taking part 为动名词，意为“参与”。 五、重点知识点 1. 主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement） 本单元语法重点是主谓一致，即谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。 基本规则： ① 单数主语用单数谓语，复数主语用复数谓语； ② 某些代词、连词和集体名词作主语时有特殊规则。 Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100-metre relay.（everybody 作主语，谓语用单数） Both are quite fast.（both 作主语，谓语用复数） Neither is really suitable for me.（neither 作主语，谓语用单数） The Winter Olympics start next month.（ Olympics 作整体概念，谓语用单数或复数均可，教材用 start） My family also watch / watches sports together.（family 强调家庭成员用复数，强调整体用单数） 2. 不定代词作主语时的主谓一致 somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everyone, someone, anyone, no one, each, either, neither 等作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 all, both, few, many, several 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Everyone looks forward to the opening ceremony.（everyone → 单数） Each has a unique story.（each → 单数） Both are quite fast.（both → 复数） None of us is / are ready.（none 作主语，谓语动词可单可复，口语常用复数） 3. either...or... / neither...nor... / both...and... 的主谓一致 either...or... 和 neither...nor... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致。 both...and... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice.（靠近谓语的是 Adam，用单数 is） Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics.（靠近谓语的是 losing，用单数 is） Both kung fu and boxing are popular sports among young people.（both...and... 用复数 are） Not only my parents but also my sister enjoys watching the match.（就近原则，my sister 为单数） Not only my sister but also my parents enjoy watching the match.（就近原则，my parents 为复数） 4. 集体名词作主语时的主谓一致 family, team, group, class, audience, crowd, government 等集体名词，强调整体时谓语用单数，强调成员时谓语用复数。在英式英语中常作复数，美式英语中常作单数。 My family is large.（强调家庭整体，用单数） My family watch sports together.（强调家庭成员，用复数） The team are having lunch.（强调队员，用复数） The team has won the match.（强调团队整体，用单数） A number of athletes are training.（a number of + 复数名词，谓语用复数） The number of athletes is 100.（the number of + 复数名词，谓语用单数） 5. there be 句型的主谓一致 there be 句型中，be 动词的形式由后面的主语决定。若主语为并列结构，通常遵循“就近原则”。 There are no safety ropes.（主语 ropes 为复数） There is a baton in his hand.（主语 a baton 为单数） There is a pen and two books on the desk.（就近原则，a pen 为单数） There are two books and a pen on the desk.（就近原则，two books 为复数） 6. “the + 形容词”表示一类人 “the + 形容词”表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数。 The old are taken good care of in this community.（the old 指老年人，谓语用复数） The young like sports very much.（the young 指年轻人，谓语用复数） 7. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语时，通常作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Five minutes is enough for me.（时间整体） Ten dollars is not a big sum.（金钱整体） The last 15 metres of the race was especially difficult for him.（距离整体，教材用 was） 8. 体育运动相关表达 参加运动：take part in, compete in, try out for, sign up for 观看比赛：watch the match / game / event / competition 赢得比赛：win the match / game / competition / gold medal / first place 体育项目：long jump, high jump, shot-put, pull-up, relay race, boxing, kung fu, volleyball, tennis, table tennis, football, baseball, ski jumping, figure skating, speed skating, freestyle skiing play football / basketball（球类前不加 the） play the piano / violin（乐器前加 the） take part in the sports day / Olympic Games compete in the 100-metre freestyle win the gold medal / break the world record 9. 奥运主题重点表达 主办奥运会：host the Olympic Games / be held in Beijing 奥运吉祥物：mascot 奥运格言：motto, One World, One Dream, Together for a Shared Future 奥运精神：the Olympic spirit, bring people together, build bridges, form friendships, peace and harmony 奥运场馆：the Olympic village, the National Stadium（Bird's Nest）, the Big Air Shougang The 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics were held in Beijing. Beijing is the first city ever to host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics. The purpose of the Olympics is to build relationships between people and bring people together for peace and harmony. 10. 重点动词短语与固定搭配 take part in 参加 compete in / against / for 参加……比赛 / 与……竞争 / 为……竞争 sign up for 报名参加 try out for 参加……选拔 help out 帮忙 catch up 赶上；追上 set a record 创纪录 break a record 打破纪录 take the lead 领先 keep the lead 保持领先 make up ground 缩短差距 look forward to 期待（to 为介词） be amazed by 对……感到惊讶 at the top of one's list 在某人清单首位 hear of 听说 give up 放弃 no matter how 无论多么 improve from... to... 从……提高到…… fall in love with 爱上 build bridges between countries 在国家之间搭建桥梁 bring people together 使人们团结 touch one's heart 触动某人的心灵 work with pride 自豪地工作 make sure 确保 have a pleasant stay 过得愉快 11. 易混词辨析 game / match / competition / race： game 指球类、棋类等比赛；match 指双方对抗的比赛；competition 指各类竞赛；race 强调速度的比赛。 win / beat / defeat： win 后接比赛、奖品、荣誉等；beat / defeat 后接对手或队伍。 hold / host / take place： hold 和 host 都表示“举办”，主语可以是人或组织；take place 表示“发生、举行”，无被动语态。 prize / medal / trophy： prize 泛指奖品；medal 指奖牌；trophy 指奖杯。 compete / competitor / competition / competitive： compete 为动词“竞争”；competitor 为名词“竞争者”；competition 为名词“比赛”；competitive 为形容词“有竞争力的”。 win the match / beat the other team / defeat the opponent The Olympic Games were held in Beijing. / The Olympic Games took place in Beijing. He won the first prize / a gold medal / a trophy. 12. 重要句型 ① not only...but also... 不但……而且…… ② neither...nor... 既不……也不…… ③ either...or... 要么……要么…… ④ both...and... 两者都 ⑤ not...but... 不是……而是…… ⑥ It is / was + 名词/形容词 + to do sth. ⑦ one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 ⑧ be divided into 被分成…… ⑨ come from 来自 ⑩ a true example of... ……的真正榜样 Hosting two Olympics brought challenges but also opportunities to Beijing. The most important thing in sport is not winning but taking part. He is a true example of the Olympic spirit. 第 1 页 共 38 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $