专题04 形容词&感叹句-【简语法-暑假自习课】2026-2027学年八年级英语语法复习 重难点逐项突破（译林版）

暑假 · 重难点突破 专题04形容词&感叹句 新八年级英语语法突破（新教材译林版） 1. 熟悉“形容词&感叹句”用法 2. 掌握“形容词&感叹句”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“形容词&感叹句”真题 模块一：形容词作定语、表语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 形容词作定语 修饰名词，放名词前面；不定代词后置（something nice） 单选、语法填空、写作 形容词放名词后面；修饰不定代词前置 2. 形容词作表语 放在 be 动词 / 感官动词后（look/sound/taste/get/become），无后续名词 句型转换、改错 感官动词后误用副词 3. 特殊变化 以 - ing 修饰事物；-ed 修饰人（interesting/interested） 词义辨析 修饰人用 - ing，修饰物用 - ed 混淆 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. She is a beautiful girl.（定语，修饰 girl）她是一个漂亮的女孩。 2. The flowers look beautiful.（表语，跟感官动词）这些花看起来很美。 3. This movie is exciting. I feel excited.（-ing 物 /-ed 人）这部电影令人激动，我感到很兴奋。 模块二：形容词定语、表语解题技巧（学习目标 2：掌握解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断定语位置 空后有名词，形容词前置；something/nothing 等代词后置 名词前直接填 adj，不定代词后放形容词 nice something 永远错误 2. 判断表语结构 空格前是 be/look/sound/taste，后面直接用形容词 动词后无名词，必为表语 well 作副词，表身体好用形容词 well 特殊 3. 区分 - ing/-ed 主语是事物用 - ing；主语是人用 - ed 修饰事件、电影用 interesting；人作主语用 interested 模块三：What / How 感叹句（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. What 句型 What (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词！ 可数单数：What a nice day! 不可数 / 复数：What beautiful flowers! 同义句转换、单选 名词漏掉 a/an；复数加 a 2. How 句型 How + 形容词 / 副词！ How nice the day is! / How fast he runs! 同义句互换 How 后直接加名词典型错误 3. 互换规则 What + adj + n = How + adj + 主语谓语 句型改写 转换时漏主谓结构 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. What a lovely cat! 多么可爱的小猫！ 2. What clean water! 多么干净的水！ 3. How lovely the cat is! 这只猫多可爱啊！ 模块四：感叹句解题技巧（学习目标 2：掌握解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 1. 看空格后单词 后面是名词短语，用 What；只有形 / 副用 How 出现 a/an 一定选 What 2. 区分可数不可数 单数可数名词加 a/an；复数、不可数不加 What cold weather（无 a） 3. 同义转换 去掉名词换 How，补上主语 + be 动词 What clever boy = How clever the boy is 模块五：综合辨析口诀 名前定，系后表；不定代词形后置； 物 - ing，人 - ed； 有名用 What，无形只用 How。 1. The ________ girl won the singing competition. A. beautifully B. beautiful C. beauty D. beautifully 答案：B 解析：句意：这个漂亮女孩赢得了歌唱比赛。空后有名词 girl，形容词作定语前置。 2. ________ nice present you bought for me! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 答案：C 解析：句意：你给我买的礼物真好！后面是单数可数名词 present，用 What a。 3. The music ________ wonderful. I like it very much. A. sounds B. sounds like C. sound D. sound like 答案：A 解析：句意：这首音乐听起来很棒。感官动词 sound 后接形容词作表语。 4. ________ fast he runs on the playground! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案：C 解析：句意：他在操场上跑得真快！后面只有副词 fast，用 How 引导感叹句。 5. I feel ________ after watching the moving film. A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves 答案：C 解析：句意：看完感人的电影我很感动。主语是人，用 - ed 形容词 moved 作表语。 6. ________ clean the classroom is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案：C 解析：句意：这间教室真干净！后面只有形容词 clean，用 How。 7. There is ________ wrong with my new bike. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 答案：A 解析：句意：我的新自行车出了点故障。形容词修饰不定代词后置。 8. ________ interesting story it is! A. How B. What C. What an D. What a 答案：C 解析：句意：这是一个多么有趣的故事！story 单数可数，interesting 元音开头用 What an。 9. These cookies taste ________, so I want more. A. well B. good C. badly D. nicely 答案：B 解析：句意：这些饼干味道很好，我想要更多。taste 感官动词，后接形容词 good 作表语。 10. ________ lovely dogs they are! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 答案：B 解析：句意：它们是多么可爱的小狗！dogs 复数名词，不加 a，用 What。 11. The game is ________, all the kids love it. A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. excitedly 答案：C 解析：句意：这个游戏很令人兴奋，所有孩子都喜欢。主语是事物 game，用 - ing 形容词作表语。 12. ________ clever boy Tom is! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 答案：C 解析：句意：汤姆是个多么聪明的男孩！单数可数名词 boy，辅音开头用 What a。 13. Something ________ is waiting for you outside. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 答案：C 解析：句意：外面有件令人惊喜的事等着你。修饰不定代词 something，事物用 surprising 后置。 14. ________ happily the children are playing! A. What B. What a C. How D. How an 答案：C 解析：句意：孩子们玩得多开心！只有副词 happily，用 How 引导感叹句。 15. The weather gets ________ in autumn. A. cool B. coolly C. cooling D. cooled 答案：A 解析：句意：秋天天气变凉爽。get 系动词，后接形容词 cool 作表语。 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号词适当形式 / What/How 填空） 1. This is a ________ (care) student. He never makes mistakes. 答案：careful 解析：句意：他是细心的学生，从不犯错。空后名词 student，形容词作定语。 2. ________ delicious the noodles are! 答案：How 解析：句意：这面条真美味！后面只有形容词 delicious，填 How。 3. The news made all of us ________ (surprise). 答案：surprised 解析：句意：这个消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。修饰人用 - ed 形容词作宾语补足语（表语类用法）。 4. ________ beautiful flowers they are! 答案：What 解析：句意：多美的花！后面复数名词 flowers，用 What。 5. The cake tastes ________ (well). 答案：good 解析：句意：这个蛋糕尝起来很好。感官动词后用形容词 good 作表语。 6. ________ exciting trip we had last week! 答案：What an 解析：句意：上周我们的旅行多么令人激动！trip 单数，exciting 元音开头。 7. There is nothing ________ (interest) in today’s newspaper. 答案：interesting 解析：句意：今天报纸没有有趣的内容。修饰事物 nothing，形容词后置。 8. ________ quiet the library is! 答案：How 解析：句意：图书馆真安静！单独形容词 quiet，用 How。 9. I am ________ (relax) after finishing my homework. 答案：relaxed 解析：句意：写完作业我很放松。主语是人，-ed 形容词作表语。 10. ________ useful dictionary it is! 答案：What a 解析：句意：这是一本多么实用的词典！dictionary 单数，useful 辅音开头。 11. The little cat looks ________ (love). 答案：lovely 解析：句意：这只小猫看起来很可爱。look 系动词，形容词作表语。 12. ________ fast the train runs! 答案：How 解析：句意：火车开得真快！副词 fast 前用 How。 13. We watched an ________ (amaze) movie yesterday. 答案：amazing 解析：句意：昨天我们看了一部令人震撼的电影。修饰事物 movie，-ing 作定语。 14. ________ clean water it is! 答案：What 解析：句意：多么干净的水！water 不可数名词，不加 a/an。 15. Everything ________ (beauty) in this park attracts visitors. 答案：beautiful 解析：句意：公园里一切美丽的事物都吸引游客。修饰不定代词 everything，形容词后置。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 When Kuang Heng is a little boy, he likes reading very much. However, his family is so poor that he can’t go to 1 . Later, he learns to read and write from one of his brothers. Kuang Heng doesn’t have money to buy books, so he has to 2 others’. Books are very 3 things and people who have books don’t want to give their books to others. When it is the busy farming time, Kuang Heng will work for the rich families. He 4 wants to read their books by working for them. After some years, Kuang Heng grows up and he works on the farm all day long. He doesn’t have much time to read, so he often needs ten days or half a month to 5 a book. Then he has an idea—he can 6 more time at night reading. But Kuang Heng’s parents are so poor that they 7 buy lamps at all. One night, when he is reading the books on the bed, he sees some light coming 8 a small hole (洞) in the wall. He gets up fast from the bed, takes a small knife and walks to the wall. He uses the knife to make the hole a 9 one and in this way, there is more light so that he can sit close to the light to read. 10 Kuang Heng studies hard for a very long time, he becomes a great man in Chinese history. 1．A．bed B．school C．hospital D．work 2．A．ask B．help C．borrow D．make 3．A．boring B．funny C．important D．difficult 4．A．only B．even C．already D．soon 5．A．write B．finish C．draw D．buy 6．A．use B．take C．save D．spend 7．A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 8．A．ahead B．inside C．through D．into 9．A．small B．bright C．dark D．bigger 10．A．Before B．After C．So D．But 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了匡衡从小酷爱读书，因家贫上不起学，后来向兄弟学认字、为富人家打工借书读，最终在墙上凿洞借邻居灯光夜读，刻苦学习成为中国历史上一位伟人的故事。 【详解】1．句意：然而，他家太穷了，他无法去上学。 上文提到匡衡是个小男孩且非常喜欢读书，此处说家里太穷，所以去不了的应是学校，school“学校”符合。bed“床”、hospital“医院”、work“工作”与求学语境不符。 2．句意：匡衡没有钱买书，所以他不得不借用别人的书。 上文说他没钱买书，下文又提到“people who have books don’t want to give their books to others”，说明他是借用别人的书来读，borrow “借用”符合。ask“问”、help“帮助”、make“制作”均不合语境。 3．句意：书是非常重要的东西，有书的人不想把书给别人。 下文说有书的人不愿把书给别人，正因为书很珍贵，important“重要的”符合。boring“无聊的”、funny“有趣的”、difficult“困难的”均无法解释为何别人不愿借出。 4．句意：他为富人家干活，只是想读他们的书。 上文说农忙时他为富人家工作，此处强调他工作的唯一目的就是读书，only“仅仅，只”符合。even“甚至”、already“已经”、soon“不久”均不符合句意逻辑。 5．句意：他没有太多时间读书，所以经常需要十天或半个月才能读完一本书。 上文说他没多少时间读书，此处说明读书速度慢，需要很长时间才能完成一本书，finish“完成”符合。write“写”、draw“画”、buy“买”与读书语境不符。 6．句意：然后他想到一个主意——他可以在晚上花更多时间读书。 “spend time doing sth.”表示“花时间做某事”，spend“花费”符合。use“使用”、take常用“It takes sb. time to do sth.”、save“节省”均不合搭配。 7．句意：但匡衡的父母太穷了，他们根本买不起灯。 上文说父母很穷，此处表示他们完全没有能力买灯，can’t“不能”符合。needn’t“不必”、shouldn’t“不应该”、mustn’t“禁止”均不合语境。 8．句意：一天晚上，他在床上读书时，看到一些光从墙上的小洞透进来。 光线是从洞的另一侧穿过小洞照进来的，through“穿过（从内部通过）”符合。ahead“在前面”、inside“在里面”、into“进入”均不能准确描述光穿过孔洞的过程。 9．句意：他用刀把洞弄得更大，这样就有更多的光，他可以靠近光读书。 上文说光从一个小洞透进来，下文说有了更多的光，说明他把洞凿大了，bigger“更大的”符合。small“小的”、bright“明亮的”、dark“黑暗的”均与语境矛盾。 10．句意：经过长时间的刻苦学习，匡衡成为了中国历史上的一位伟人。 此处表示时间上的先后关系，先刻苦学习，后成为伟人，After“在……之后”符合。Before“在……之前”、So“所以”、But“但是”均不符合逻辑。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Monday, 1 June Today our school took us out to an amazing farm for a study tour. We looked forward to it for so long and all students talked 1 along the way. It was really a special day for us to get close to nature and learn new skills. When we arrived at the farm, a kind farmer welcomed us and showed us around the 2 first. The air was fresh and clean. We picked fresh vegetables like tomatoes and cucumbers and learned how farmers look after them in this field. At noon, the farmer cooked a healthy 3 for us with all the vegetables we just picked. It really tasted better when you were part of the process. The farmer 4 us for our hard work and promised we could take some home. In the afternoon, we went to the animal area. It 5 a more lively world. Many cute little rabbits were running around. I asked for some carrots, put 6 on the ground and stood back. The rabbits seemed afraid at first, 7 some of them still came close and started enjoying the meal. I felt they must be 8 . They even played with me for a while after eating. It became the best part of the whole trip! On the way back to school, I felt tired, but my mind was 9 happy memories. I got to know that food does not simply come from supermarkets. There is so much hard work behind 10 we eat. It’s truly an unforgettable day! 1. A．quietly B．suddenly C．slowly D．excitedly 2. A．market B．field C．lake D．school 3. A．breakfast B．meal C．dinner D．snack 4. A．shouted B．praised C．waited D．asked 5. A．felt like B．belonged to C．met up D．searched for 6. A．this B．that C．it D．them 7. A．and B．but C．or D．so 8. A．sad B．thirsty C．hungry D．tired 9. A．made of B．absent from C．late for D．filled with 10. A．what B．how C．when D．where 【答案】 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 【导语】本文记叙了作者学校组织去农场研学的经历，学生们体验农活、喂养动物，感悟食物来之不易，度过难忘的一天。 【详解】1. 句意：我们期待这次研学很久了，一路上所有同学都兴奋地交谈。 根据前文大家期盼农场研学，心情十分期待，应选用excitedly表示“兴奋地”。quietly“安静地”、suddenly“突然”、slowly“慢慢地”均不能体现开心期待的语境。 2. 句意：一位友善的农场主迎接我们，先带我们参观田地。 根据后文我们采摘西红柿、黄瓜，学习照料田里的蔬菜，应选用field表示“田地”。market“市场”、lake“湖泊”、school“学校”和采摘蔬菜的场景无关。 3. 句意：中午，农场主用我们刚采摘的新鲜蔬菜给我们做了一顿健康的饭菜。 根据At noon，既不是早餐也不是晚餐，应选用meal泛指 “一餐饭菜”。breakfast“早餐”、dinner“晚餐”、snack“小吃”都不符合中午正餐语境。 4. 句意：农场主夸赞我们辛勤劳作，并答应我们可以带走一些蔬菜。 根据后文夸赞大家辛苦劳作并奖励蔬菜，应选用praised表示 “表扬，夸赞”。shouted“大喊”、waited“等待”、asked“询问”均无夸奖含义。 5. 句意：这里仿佛是一个更热闹有趣的小天地。 后文写小兔子四处跑动，整体氛围鲜活热闹，应选用felt like表示 “感觉像是，仿佛”。belonged to“属于”、met up“碰面”、searched for“搜寻”不符语境。 6. 句意：我要了一些胡萝卜，把它们放在地上然后往后退了几步。 此处代词指代前文复数名词carrots，应选用them指代复数物品，意为“它们”。this“这个”、that“那个”、it“它”都只能指代单数。 7. 句意：兔子一开始似乎很害怕，但还是有几只靠近过来享用食物。 前半句兔子害怕，后半句兔子主动靠近，前后存在转折关系，应选用but表示“但是”。and“和”表并列、or“或者/ 否则”表选择、so“因此”表因果。 8. 句意：我猜想它们一定饿了。 根据兔子主动过来吃胡萝卜，说明兔子肚子饿，应选用hungry表示 “饥饿的”。sad“难过的”、thirsty“口渴的”、tired“疲惫的”和吃胡萝卜的行为无关。 9. 句意：返校途中我虽然疲惫，但脑海里满是快乐的回忆。 固定搭配 be filled with意为“充满”，符合脑中全是美好回忆的句意。made of“由……制成”、absent from“缺席”、late for“迟到”均不搭配memories。 10. 句意：我们吃下的每一样食物背后，都藏着无数辛苦劳作。 此处宾语从句缺少宾语，指代我们吃的东西，应选用what指代事物，意为“……的事物”。how“如何”、when“何时”、where“何地”只能作状语，不能指代食物。 四、任务型阅读 Passage 3 根据短文内容回答问题（每题答案不超过8个单词）。 Huai’an Chasan is a famous local snack in Huai’an, Jiangsu. Its making skill was included in Jiangsu’s intangible cultural heritage List in 2009. It has a history of over 2,000 years, first appearing in the Warring States Period. People called it “Hanju” long ago, used as food on the Cold Food Festival. In Qing Dynasty, the Yue family improved its craft, so it is also named Yue’s Chasan or Gulou Chasan. It even won a silver prize at the Panama International Expo in 1930. Different from usual fried dough (面团) twists, Huai’an Chasan is thin and delicate. Workers choose high-quality flour, black sesame (芝麻) seeds and sesame oil as materials. Making it needs more than ten hand-made steps: mixing dough, resting dough, rolling, pulling thin strips, winding into shapes and frying in hot sesame oil. Without modern machines, all work on making Chasan mostly depends on skilled craftspeople. Its shapes look like combs, chrysanthemums or small temples, golden and shiny. People enjoy it in two main ways. We can eat it directly. It is crispy (酥脆的) and tasty. Many local people put it in porridge, tea or soup to eat. In old Huai’an, women after having babies often ate Chasan for health. In a word, it is also part of local folk culture. Now fewer young people learn this old craft. As students in Huai’an, we can try to know more about Chasan and introduce this amazing local food to others. Protecting Chasan means protecting Huai’an’s traditional food culture. 1. How long is the history of Chasan?   2. Is Chasan the same as usual fried dough twists?   3. What kind of people does Chasan depend on without modern machines? 4. How is Chasan when people enjoy it directly? 5. As a student in Huai’an, what will you do to protect the traditional food Chasan?   【答案】1. (It is) Over/ More than 2000 years. 2. No (, it isn’t). 3. Skilled craftspeople/ craftsmen/ people. 4. (It’s) Crispy and tasty. 5. I will try to know more about Chasan. / I’ll introduce this (amazing) local food to others./ I will develop the making skills. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了江苏淮安的著名地方小吃——淮安茶馓的历史、制作工艺、食用方法以及保护这一传统美食的意义。 【详解】1. 第一段“It has a history of over 2,000 years, first appearing in the Warring States Period.”直接说明茶馓拥有两千多年的历史。 2. 第二段“Different from usual fried dough twists, Huai’an Chasan is thin and delicate.”表明淮安茶馓和普通麻花不一样，一般疑问句作否定回答。 3. 第二段“Without modern machines, all work on making Chasan mostly depends on skilled craftspeople.”可推出没有现代机器时，茶馓制作依靠技艺娴熟的手艺人。 4. 第三段“We can eat it directly. It is crispy and tasty.”表明直接食用茶馓时，它酥脆可口。 5. 第四段“As students in Huai’an, we can try to know more about Chasan and introduce this amazing local food to others.”可以提炼出学生可以多了解茶馓、向别人介绍它来保护这项传统美食，答案言之有理且词数合规即可。 Passage 4 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。(每题答案不超过10个词) How do students spend their spare time after finishing their homework? Watch TV, play computer games, or go outside to relax. Here’s a good example. Tim and Kerry Meek are both teachers. They live in the UK with their two daughters: eleven-year-old Amy and nine-year-old Ella. Recently, the Meek family has become the focus (焦点) of the whole country after they finished 100 different outdoor activities in one year. The Meek couple don’t want their children to spend all their free time in front of the TV and become “couch potatoes”. So the Meeks decide that watching TV and playing computer games are not permitted (允许). Instead, they set 100 tasks for the two girls to do outside. Although Mr and Mrs Meek are not outdoor activity fans, they take part in all the activities to encourage (鼓励) their daughters. It turns out that the two sisters really have a good time joining the activities. Every holiday and weekend, if it is sunny, rainy or snowy, the Meeks will go out to try the activities on their list, including hiking, sailing, climbing, skiing, and so on. The two little girls not only have a wonderful time, but also learn a lot of skills from the activities. They are even able to stand up in front of their school to give a talk for charity. “Our friends spend a lot of their free time doing things which are bad for their health.” Luckily, we have the chance to experience something different. Amy and Ella also help their parents to draw up a new list of challenges (挑战) for the next 12 months. 1. Why did the Meeks become the focus of the UK? 2. How do the Meek couple encourage their girls to do activities? 3. When do the Meeks go out to do the activities? 4. Do the girls learn a lot of skills from the activities? 5. What can we do to keep healthy in our free time? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1. Because they finished 100 different outdoor activities in one year. 2. They take part in all the activities./By taking part in all the activities. 3. Every holiday and weekend. 4. Yes, they do. 5. We can take part in outdoor activities. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了米克一家在业余时间进行户外活动以及由此带来的益处。 【详解】1. 根据文章第二段“Recently, the Meek family has become the focus of the whole country after they finished 100 different outdoor activities in one year.”可知，米克一家成为焦点的原因是他们在一年内完成了 100 项不同的户外活动。 2. 根据文章第三段“Although Mr and Mrs Meek are not outdoor activity fans, they take part in all the activities to encourage (鼓励) their daughters.”，他们参加所有活动来鼓励他们的女儿，可直接提取原文行为信息。 3. 根据文章第四段“Every holiday and weekend, if it is sunny, rainy or snowy, the Meeks will go out to try the activities on their list...”，每个假期和周末，无论是晴天、雨天还是下雪，米克一家都会出去尝试清单上的活动，可提取时间细节作答。 4. 根据文章第四段“The two little girls not only have a wonderful time, but also learn a lot of skills from the activities.”，这两个小女孩不仅玩得很开心，而且从活动中学到了很多技能，可推知答案是肯定的。 5. 此题是开放题，答案不唯一。根据文章最后一段“Our friends spend a lot of their free time doing things which are bad for their health.”（我们的朋友把很多空闲时间花在做一些对他们健康有害的事情上。）及全文主旨，我们可以建议做户外活动。 6 / 14乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $暑假 · 重难点突破 专题04形容词&感叹句 新八年级英语语法突破（新教材译林版） 1. 熟悉“形容词&感叹句”用法 2. 掌握“形容词&感叹句”解题技巧 3. 轻松驾驭“形容词&感叹句”真题 模块一：形容词作定语、表语（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. 形容词作定语 修饰名词，放名词前面；不定代词后置（something nice） 单选、语法填空、写作 形容词放名词后面；修饰不定代词前置 2. 形容词作表语 放在 be 动词 / 感官动词后（look/sound/taste/get/become），无后续名词 句型转换、改错 感官动词后误用副词 3. 特殊变化 以 - ing 修饰事物；-ed 修饰人（interesting/interested） 词义辨析 修饰人用 - ing，修饰物用 - ed 混淆 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. She is a beautiful girl.（定语，修饰 girl）她是一个漂亮的女孩。 2. The flowers look beautiful.（表语，跟感官动词）这些花看起来很美。 3. This movie is exciting. I feel excited.（-ing 物 /-ed 人）这部电影令人激动，我感到很兴奋。 模块二：形容词定语、表语解题技巧（学习目标 2：掌握解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 考场技巧 1. 判断定语位置 空后有名词，形容词前置；something/nothing 等代词后置 名词前直接填 adj，不定代词后放形容词 nice something 永远错误 2. 判断表语结构 空格前是 be/look/sound/taste，后面直接用形容词 动词后无名词，必为表语 well 作副词，表身体好用形容词 well 特殊 3. 区分 - ing/-ed 主语是事物用 - ing；主语是人用 - ed 修饰事件、电影用 interesting；人作主语用 interested 模块三：What / How 感叹句（学习目标 1：熟悉基础用法） 分类 具体规则 适用场景 高频易错点 1. What 句型 What (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词！ 可数单数：What a nice day! 不可数 / 复数：What beautiful flowers! 同义句转换、单选 名词漏掉 a/an；复数加 a 2. How 句型 How + 形容词 / 副词！ How nice the day is! / How fast he runs! 同义句互换 How 后直接加名词典型错误 3. 互换规则 What + adj + n = How + adj + 主语谓语 句型改写 转换时漏主谓结构 配套例句（附汉语翻译） 1. What a lovely cat! 多么可爱的小猫！ 2. What clean water! 多么干净的水！ 3. How lovely the cat is! 这只猫多可爱啊！ 模块四：感叹句解题技巧（学习目标 2：掌握解题技巧） 分类 解题步骤 判断依据 1. 看空格后单词 后面是名词短语，用 What；只有形 / 副用 How 出现 a/an 一定选 What 2. 区分可数不可数 单数可数名词加 a/an；复数、不可数不加 What cold weather（无 a） 3. 同义转换 去掉名词换 How，补上主语 + be 动词 What clever boy = How clever the boy is 模块五：综合辨析口诀 名前定，系后表；不定代词形后置； 物 - ing，人 - ed； 有名用 What，无形只用 How。 1. The ________ girl won the singing competition. A. beautifully B. beautiful C. beauty D. beautifully 2. ________ nice present you bought for me! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 3. The music ________ wonderful. I like it very much. A. sounds B. sounds like C. sound D. sound like 4. ________ fast he runs on the playground! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 5. I feel ________ after watching the moving film. A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves 6. ________ clean the classroom is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 7. There is ________ wrong with my new bike. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 8. ________ interesting story it is! A. How B. What C. What an D. What a 9. These cookies taste ________, so I want more. A. well B. good C. badly D. nicely 10. ________ lovely dogs they are! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 11. The game is ________, all the kids love it. A. excite B. excited C. exciting D. excitedly 12. ________ clever boy Tom is! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 13. Something ________ is waiting for you outside. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 14. ________ happily the children are playing! A. What B. What a C. How D. How an 15. The weather gets ________ in autumn. A. cool B. coolly C. cooling D. cooled 二、单句语法填空（15 小题，用括号词适当形式 / What/How 填空） 1. This is a ________ (care) student. He never makes mistakes. 2. ________ delicious the noodles are! 3. The news made all of us ________ (surprise). 4. ________ beautiful flowers they are! 5. The cake tastes ________ (well). 6. ________ exciting trip we had last week! 7. There is nothing ________ (interest) in today’s newspaper. 8. ________ quiet the library is! 9. I am ________ (relax) after finishing my homework. 10. ________ useful dictionary it is! 11. The little cat looks ________ (love). 12. ________ fast the train runs! 13. We watched an ________ (amaze) movie yesterday. 14. ________ clean water it is! 15. Everything ________ (beauty) in this park attracts visitors. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 When Kuang Heng is a little boy, he likes reading very much. However, his family is so poor that he can’t go to 1 . Later, he learns to read and write from one of his brothers. Kuang Heng doesn’t have money to buy books, so he has to 2 others’. Books are very 3 things and people who have books don’t want to give their books to others. When it is the busy farming time, Kuang Heng will work for the rich families. He 4 wants to read their books by working for them. After some years, Kuang Heng grows up and he works on the farm all day long. He doesn’t have much time to read, so he often needs ten days or half a month to 5 a book. Then he has an idea—he can 6 more time at night reading. But Kuang Heng’s parents are so poor that they 7 buy lamps at all. One night, when he is reading the books on the bed, he sees some light coming 8 a small hole (洞) in the wall. He gets up fast from the bed, takes a small knife and walks to the wall. He uses the knife to make the hole a 9 one and in this way, there is more light so that he can sit close to the light to read. 10 Kuang Heng studies hard for a very long time, he becomes a great man in Chinese history. 1．A．bed B．school C．hospital D．work 2．A．ask B．help C．borrow D．make 3．A．boring B．funny C．important D．difficult 4．A．only B．even C．already D．soon 5．A．write B．finish C．draw D．buy 6．A．use B．take C．save D．spend 7．A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 8．A．ahead B．inside C．through D．into 9．A．small B．bright C．dark D．bigger 10．A．Before B．After C．So D．But Passage 2 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Monday, 1 June Today our school took us out to an amazing farm for a study tour. We looked forward to it for so long and all students talked 1 along the way. It was really a special day for us to get close to nature and learn new skills. When we arrived at the farm, a kind farmer welcomed us and showed us around the 2 first. The air was fresh and clean. We picked fresh vegetables like tomatoes and cucumbers and learned how farmers look after them in this field. At noon, the farmer cooked a healthy 3 for us with all the vegetables we just picked. It really tasted better when you were part of the process. The farmer 4 us for our hard work and promised we could take some home. In the afternoon, we went to the animal area. It 5 a more lively world. Many cute little rabbits were running around. I asked for some carrots, put 6 on the ground and stood back. The rabbits seemed afraid at first, 7 some of them still came close and started enjoying the meal. I felt they must be 8 . They even played with me for a while after eating. It became the best part of the whole trip! On the way back to school, I felt tired, but my mind was 9 happy memories. I got to know that food does not simply come from supermarkets. There is so much hard work behind 10 we eat. It’s truly an unforgettable day! 1. A．quietly B．suddenly C．slowly D．excitedly 2. A．market B．field C．lake D．school 3. A．breakfast B．meal C．dinner D．snack 4. A．shouted B．praised C．waited D．asked 5. A．felt like B．belonged to C．met up D．searched for 6. A．this B．that C．it D．them 7. A．and B．but C．or D．so 8. A．sad B．thirsty C．hungry D．tired 9. A．made of B．absent from C．late for D．filled with 10. A．what B．how C．when D．where 四、任务型阅读 Passage 3 根据短文内容回答问题（每题答案不超过8个单词）。 Huai’an Chasan is a famous local snack in Huai’an, Jiangsu. Its making skill was included in Jiangsu’s intangible cultural heritage List in 2009. It has a history of over 2,000 years, first appearing in the Warring States Period. People called it “Hanju” long ago, used as food on the Cold Food Festival. In Qing Dynasty, the Yue family improved its craft, so it is also named Yue’s Chasan or Gulou Chasan. It even won a silver prize at the Panama International Expo in 1930. Different from usual fried dough (面团) twists, Huai’an Chasan is thin and delicate. Workers choose high-quality flour, black sesame (芝麻) seeds and sesame oil as materials. Making it needs more than ten hand-made steps: mixing dough, resting dough, rolling, pulling thin strips, winding into shapes and frying in hot sesame oil. Without modern machines, all work on making Chasan mostly depends on skilled craftspeople. Its shapes look like combs, chrysanthemums or small temples, golden and shiny. People enjoy it in two main ways. We can eat it directly. It is crispy (酥脆的) and tasty. Many local people put it in porridge, tea or soup to eat. In old Huai’an, women after having babies often ate Chasan for health. In a word, it is also part of local folk culture. Now fewer young people learn this old craft. As students in Huai’an, we can try to know more about Chasan and introduce this amazing local food to others. Protecting Chasan means protecting Huai’an’s traditional food culture. 1. How long is the history of Chasan?   2. Is Chasan the same as usual fried dough twists?   3. What kind of people does Chasan depend on without modern machines? 4. How is Chasan when people enjoy it directly? 5. As a student in Huai’an, what will you do to protect the traditional food Chasan?   Passage 4 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。(每题答案不超过10个词) How do students spend their spare time after finishing their homework? Watch TV, play computer games, or go outside to relax. Here’s a good example. Tim and Kerry Meek are both teachers. They live in the UK with their two daughters: eleven-year-old Amy and nine-year-old Ella. Recently, the Meek family has become the focus (焦点) of the whole country after they finished 100 different outdoor activities in one year. The Meek couple don’t want their children to spend all their free time in front of the TV and become “couch potatoes”. So the Meeks decide that watching TV and playing computer games are not permitted (允许). Instead, they set 100 tasks for the two girls to do outside. Although Mr and Mrs Meek are not outdoor activity fans, they take part in all the activities to encourage (鼓励) their daughters. It turns out that the two sisters really have a good time joining the activities. Every holiday and weekend, if it is sunny, rainy or snowy, the Meeks will go out to try the activities on their list, including hiking, sailing, climbing, skiing, and so on. The two little girls not only have a wonderful time, but also learn a lot of skills from the activities. They are even able to stand up in front of their school to give a talk for charity. “Our friends spend a lot of their free time doing things which are bad for their health.” Luckily, we have the chance to experience something different. Amy and Ella also help their parents to draw up a new list of challenges (挑战) for the next 12 months. 1. Why did the Meeks become the focus of the UK? 2. How do the Meek couple encourage their girls to do activities? 3. When do the Meeks go out to do the activities? 4. Do the girls learn a lot of skills from the activities? 5. What can we do to keep healthy in our free time? (请自拟一句话作答) 8 / 8乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $